TWI259314B - Liquid crystal displays, a method for manufacturing the same, and a mask for optical treatment of an alignment layer of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A liquid crystal display having a molecular director of a liquid crystal layer on a plane parallel to substrates, which points all directions on the plane. An homeotropic alignment layer of SAM (self-assembled monolayer) on one substrate is exposed to UV ray through a mask. The mask has alternately arranged transparent portions and opaque portions, and the portions form concentric circles. The liquid crystal molecules on the portions of the alignment layer exposed to UV ray is aligned parallel to the substrate along the tangential direction of the circle due to the elastic anisotropy. Chiral dopants are added to the liquid crystal layer in order to control the tilt direction. The central portion of the concentric circles are opaque such that the liquid crystal molecules on the corresponding portion of the alignment layer is vertically aligned. A mask for an alignment layer on the opposite substrate has transparent and opaque portions extending in the radial direction for a point. The liquid crystal molecules on the alignment layer of the opposite substrate direct radial or anti-radial direction. This arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display causes a twist angle of 90 degrees.

Description

1259314 A7 B7 V. OBJECT DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (A) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display, a method of manufacturing the same, and a photomask for optically processing an alignment layer for a liquid crystal display. (B) Related Art Description Liquid Crystal Display 7F The liquid crystal dispiay (LCD) is the most commonly used flat panel dispUy (FDp). The liquid crystal head π device has two panels and the panel has two electrodes for generating an electric field, and a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field is generated in the liquid crystal layer, so that the liquid crystal molecules are rearranged to display an image. Among them, the most commonly used twisted nematic (twiste (1 nematic, TN) liquid crystal display device is formed with two panels respectively The electrode that generates the electric field, when there is an applied electric field in the field of disconnection (〇ff), the liquid crystal director of the liquid crystal layer is diverted from one substrate to the other. Because the twisted nematic liquid crystal display generally has a narrow viewing angle. Defects, in order to overcome such defects, various types of liquid crystal displays have been proposed, for example, to form two electric fields on a substrate. Or, in the off state, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the substrate, but they all have the defects of high driving voltage and low aperture ratio. In addition, there is another way that the average alignment direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is different from each other. The structure of many fields (n^lti domain), but the structure has the defects of small contrast and slow response speed. In addition, such as SID 95 DIGEST, pp. 5 is _578 [Axially Symmetric Aligned M icroce 11 (AS Μ Mode: This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) 1259314 A7 B7 V. Description of invention

In the Electro-Optical Characteristics of New Display Mode with Excellent Wide Viewing Angle] (Yamada et al.), a single domain characterized by axial symmetry (axia) jy symmetric is proposed (m〇n〇-(lomail〇 Structure, however, this structure is complicated by the formation of a polymer wall or the like on the liquid crystal layer by using a polymerizable resin. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The purpose of the present invention is to simplify the manufacturing process and increase the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display. The present invention spreads the liquid crystal molecules parallel to the planes of the two substrates in any direction in any direction by processing the alignment layer. FIG. 1A illustrates a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2 is a view showing a liquid crystal molecule on a plane parallel to a moon matrix of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 A and FIG. 3 B #々丨丨+ 4ϋα士丄◊ ', illusion is not according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, located in the 2 crystal sample member shown as the surface of each substrate仃 attack< a schematic diagram of the arrangement state of each liquid crystal molecule; Fig. 4 Α and Fig. 4 Β 丨 丨; j 丄 丄 ', ??? according to another embodiment of the present invention, the surface of each substrate of the square liquid crystal display is distorted near A schematic diagram of the alignment of each liquid crystal molecule; Η 5 Α and Figure 5 Β 偏 - a not to obtain the names in Figure 3 A and Figure 3 b, respectively

Order

1259314 V. Description of the Invention (Small liquid crystal molecule row 丨| Jr*, and a reticle pattern manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention for irradiating ultraviolet rays to a substrate aligning layer; and FIG. 6Β,7,8λ SA,8 Β and FIG. 9 are diagrams illustrating another embodiment of the present invention for irradiating an ultraviolet reticle pattern to a liquid crystal display substrate alignment layer according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention is not limited to the specific examples described below, and can be implemented in a variety of other forms. In the drawings, /μ is more explicit than the actual expansion of the layers and fields.

The terror has been exemplified, and the 曰PJ or the base is to be the same part. When the layer is in the upper or lower part of the other elements of the Gyeonggi I clothing, the upper part of the element may be the opposite of the element, and the opposite of the element, the other element is located in the upper part of the other element, indicating the middle. There are no other elements. 1 and FIG. 1A shows a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the present invention: a liquid crystal display according to a specific example of the present invention includes =1 〇 and an upper substrate 2. . The inner side of each substrate ", 2., the sub-portion: ^ 1 produces the electric field electrode 15, 25' on which the alignment layer „, the soil, 10, 2 〇, the outer side, respectively, with the polarizer 12 attached thereto And a delay layer is disposed between the upper portion and the polarizer 22. The retardation layer 23 may also be formed on the lower substrate 10 and the polarizer 12. The liquid crystal display according to this embodiment further includes a liquid crystal layer 3 充满 between the two alignment layers 112, 21. This paper scale applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 X 297 mm) 1259314

As shown in Fig. 1B, a liquid crystal display according to the present invention is composed of a plurality of pixels 2. Each of the pixel sheets is formed with a thin film transistor (thin Μ " tranSiStQr, TFT) 3, but may be omitted depending on the type of the liquid crystal display. In this embodiment, each pixel 2 further includes - generating an electric field < - a pixel 4 connected to the thin film transistor ft 3 by the electrode JL. The thin film transistor 3 and the pixel electrode 4 are arranged in an array and are formed on a substrate (e.g., the upper substrate 2G). On the lower substrate 1 (), a common electrode 15 of another electric field is formed to cover the entire lower substrate. However, the electrodes forming the electric field may also be formed on the same substrate. As shown in FIG. 1A, the horizontal axis parallel to the substrate 1G, 2Q is X, the axis parallel to the base 10, 2G and perpendicular to the 乂 axis is ^, the axis perpendicular to the plane is z, and the xy plane is assumed. There is a lower substrate 严格 (strictly the lower Shao directional layer 11), and an upper substrate 2 z at z = d (strictly speaking, the upper alignment layer 21). Then, the distance between the two substrates 1 〇, 2 或 or the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 30 is d. Fig. 2 shows a plane having a center of liquid crystal molecules in a plane not parallel to the xy plane. Symbols 100 and πλ in the figure indicate projection images of liquid crystal molecules and liquid crystal layer molecular directors projected in the ζ plane on the xy plane or parallel planes, respectively. It is assumed that the angle between the vector of the molecular projection image 1 〇 中心 toward the center and the axis is φ, and the angle between the long axis direction of the director projection image η λ or the molecular projection image 与 and the X axis is . At this time, in the present invention, by physically and chemically treating the alignment layers π, 21, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged such that the director (more precisely, the guided sub-projection image na) is expanded to the two substrates 1 〇, 2 之一 between one plane

Order

This paper China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X297^y 1259314 A7 B7 V. Invention description (or all directions in the plane of the xy plane), that is, the molecular projection image considering the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules The direction of the axis points in all directions on the plane. However, even if the two molecules cast images are consistent, if the tilt direction of the corresponding molecules is different, the long axis of the molecular projection image is pointed to other directions (detailed description of the invention and patent application scope) In the meantime, unless otherwise specified, the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules is used in this sense. In addition, it is preferable to change the image according to the position of the director at different positions, and it is preferable that the degree of change is within a certain range. When the two substrates are 1〇, a certain closed-curve curve on a plane, the director's projection image on the closed curve can be continuously changed and pointed in all directions. The director projects the image η, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules A certain point-to-point or line can form a symmetry, in particular, it can have rotational symmetry. In a liquid crystal display, there can be multiple fields with such an arrangement. This arrangement can exist in one pixel, one part of a pixel, or multiple pixels. This arrangement prevents the defects of the past multi-domain approach, that is, prevents problems such as discnnati〇n occurring in the boundary between fields, thereby improving The contrast and response speed ensure a wider viewing angle to reduce the grayscale inversion (greyinversi 〇r〇. In addition, the 'in the xy plane is arbitrary-point moving in the z-axis direction. Twist., , 1 · Ν ' ' 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 两 η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η η c (c is an arbitrary constant), z = d on the plane, α (self) ~

+ Φ (Φ is from the upper base 20 to the lower base 1. Guide:: bokeh; like C This paper scale applies to the Central Standard (CNS) Α 4 specifications (21G X 297 gong ^ 1259314 A7 B7 V. Invention description ( 6) the twist angle), from Z = 〇 to z = d, to satisfy the liquid crystal molecules of a(z) = (p + c + Φ X ( z / d ). In this specific example, parallel to the xy plane Any closed curve around the origin on the plane, for example, along the circle centered on the origin, the guided projection image η λ on the closed curve continuously varies by 27 degrees.

Here, 'is the normal ΤΝ mode' φ = soil redundancy/2. The constant c is an arbitrary constant, but when c - 〇 or c = ±疋 / 2, the machining program becomes simple. Several arrangements of this specific example are exemplified below. Figure 3Α and Figure 3Β illustrate c =-(duplex/2) and φ = loading* Β

In line 2), ζ = 〇 face and z = d face, that is, the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules on the lower and upper alignment layers 21, 21. 4A and 4B respectively illustrate the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules on the lower and upper alignment layers 11, 21 when c = -(7Γ/4) and φ = (duplex/2), z = 〇 plane and z = d plane, ie, the lower and upper alignment layers 11, 21 . Here, Fig. 3A to Fig. 4B are viewed from the z-axis direction, and each liquid crystal molecule is represented by a nail shape, and the nail head corresponds to a portion which rises in the direction of the observer. From this, it can be seen that at any point in the xy plane, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a twisted structure when observed along 2 draws. Moreover, the guides _ η 存在 existing in any plane between the two substrates are distributed in all directions so that 'the uniaxiality that occurs in the plane of the liquid crystal display in the past does not occur, thereby widening the viewing angle and eliminating the gray scale reversal. . However, since the uniaxiality remains in the direction of the x-axis, the uniaxial optical retardation layer having a negative anisotropy (symbol 2 3 in the figure) cancels out. -9- 1259314 A7 __________ B7 V. INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTION (7) The liquid crystal display preferably has a direction of polarization of the lower and upper polarizers 12, 22 perpendicularly intersecting, thereby adopting a standard white (n〇rmany white) method. In addition, the present invention has a higher contrast ratio than the multi-domain method having a boundary between the fine fields in the past. The method of forming such a liquid crystal molecule arrangement will be described below. In order to form the foregoing arrangement, there are various methods for physically and/or chemically treating the alignment layer. One example is a self-assessed monolayer (SAM) patterned by ultraviolet (violet), which is an alignment layer 1 1,2 1, which is a vertically aligned SAM alignment layer, and has a linear opaque pattern. When the mask of the transparent pattern is irradiated with light such as ultraviolet rays, the liquid crystal molecules located in the ultraviolet ray-irradiated portion are arranged in a horizontal state in which the long-axis direction is parallel to the line direction due to elastic anisotropy. Further, the alignment layer 1 1 ' 21 may be irradiated with a magnet wire, a photolithography method, or a printing method to form the alignment layer 11 , 2 1 in a strip shape, and similar results can be obtained. This is because, in the case where the liquid crystal molecules are present on the insulating layer or the glass substrate having no alignment layer, the liquid crystal molecules exhibit a horizontal alignment, and the elastic anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules causes the molecules to be aligned parallel to the length of the lines. (S e e B a e IW ο ο η Lee, P h. D thesis, Department 〇 f Physics,

University of Colorado, Bouler, CO, U.S. A.) Next, a reticle pattern for forming the liquid crystal alignment shown in Figs. 3a and 3B will be described in detail with reference to Figs. 5A and 5B, respectively. Fig. 5A illustrates a reticle pattern in which opaque portions (tangential concentric strips) 4 1 and transparent portions (white concentric strips) 4 2 are alternately arranged in concentric circles. Here, -10- This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)

Line 1259314

The alignment layer 相对 corresponding to the transparent portion 4 2, the portion 2 where the ultraviolet ray is irradiated, and the alignment layer n corresponding to the opaque portion 41 are portions where the ultraviolet ray is not irradiated. By using such a mask, the alignment layer n, 2 is known to emit ultraviolet rays, and the liquid crystal molecules that are irradiated onto the ultraviolet portion are arranged in the direction in which the axis of the liquid crystal is directed in the tangential direction of the circle, and the liquid crystal molecules that are not irradiated onto the ultraviolet portion are The properties of the columns of liquid crystals arranged in parallel with each other, along with the liquid crystal molecules incident on the track of the outer line, the long axis directions are arranged to a certain extent to the tangential direction of the circle. Fig. 5B illustrates a reticle pattern in which the radially extending opaque portion (wedge with dots) 41 and the transparent portion (white wedged) 42 are alternately arranged. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules on the portion irradiated with ultraviolet rays are arranged in a radial direction. The opaque portion 41 and the transparent portion 42 of the reticle illustrated in Fig. 5B are arranged as *J into *14. The slanting points 4, 4 2 of the illustrated Fig. 5A are perpendicular to each other.

The long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules shown in Fig. 5B is made perpendicular to the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal blade shown in Fig. 5a, thereby obtaining 90. The twist angle. The central portion of the concentric circle and the radial pattern shown in Figures 5A and 5B is preferably opaque because the curvature of the center circle is large when the pattern is repeated to the center portion, thereby making it possible to bring the center closer. The liquid crystal molecules are arranged differently than the pattern shape. The liquid crystal molecules on the central portion maintain the vertical direction. In addition to the patterns shown in Figs. 5A and 5B, a plurality of mask patterns can be used to obtain a rotationally symmetric liquid crystal molecule alignment for a specific point. When the alignment layer π, 21 is formed by printing or photolithography, FIG. 5A and -11-1259314 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (in FIG. 5B, 'corresponding to the alignment layer of the opaque portion 41 where the guiding vertical direction is retained' On the other hand, the alignment layer pattern is formed in the shape of the transparent portion 4 2 without the alignment layer. The average slope of the 'patterned SA Μ alignment layer (b U1 kt" 11 ) Θ bu丨k satisfies the following formula: bulkk =90° xa/(a + b)= 90° X 1/(1+b/a) where a is the width of the portion of the alignment layer that is irradiated with ultraviolet light (or guided horizontal arrangement 4) b is the alignment layer The width of the exposed portion (or the vertically aligned portion) is not exposed by ultraviolet light. Therefore, the tilt angle of the pretilt can be formed by adjusting the b/a value. The birefringence of the liquid crystal is determined by the liquid crystal director < tilt angle, so For other color pixels, the scattering (dispersi ο η ) can be compensated by adjusting the b/a value. In addition, since the s AM alignment layer exposed to ultraviolet rays does not determine the oblique direction of the line itself, the liquid crystal molecules can be erected or laid flat. There are two kinds, according to which there is a disability For example, in the TN type LCD, on the upper substrate 2, it is predicted that α(4):Φ or a(d)=❺ occurs in two states: the probability is the same, but exists in the lower part of the alignment layer 21 to generate an electric field.儿极· 2 5 <Limited size', so the edge electric field (fr 1 ngef e 1 d) due to the edge of the electrode 2 5 . The fringe electric field breaks the symmetry of the arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 'so the liquid crystal molecules actually only - The direction is inclined. In contrast, the electrode 1 on the lower substrate 1 is as large as the material μ * and the package U 〇 is relatively large, and the symmetrical substance can be maintained at the same time. In order to prevent this phenomenon, the liquid crystal is mixed. The identifiable dopant (4) isir 'supplied to provide the ranking. The arrangement shown by 5A + is doped with dextrorotatory (1) coffee · -12 - 1259314 A7 B7

h a n d e d n e s s ) chiral dopant. Another = often - a pixel is the short side and the long side ratio is right < four sides (four) shape, it is necessary to explain this structure into 6A to Figure 9. τ w ^

Fig. 6A illustrates three identical concentric patterns. Fig. 6B illustrates a concentric pattern. The circular pattern is arranged in a quadrilateral long side direction and the circular pattern is extended in a quadrilateral long side direction. FIG. 7 illustrates that three regular quadrilateral fields are arranged in a row along the longitudinal direction of the pixel to form a column, and four concentric rings are formed in the field of the positive quadrilateral. Arc pattern. 8A and 8B are basically a 4-fold domain structure, which is substantially in the shape of a concentric regular quadrilateral set. The three basic shapes of Fig. 8A are arranged in a line along the longitudinal direction of the pixel, and the object 8β exemplifies a shape in which the basic shape extends in the longitudinal direction of the pixel. In addition, in order to increase the response speed and to eliminate diSclinati〇n, the angular portion of the quadrilateral is rounded. In the case of such a quadrilateral structure, the fine area is substantially four, that is, the average length of the liquid day is four, and the area perpendicular to each side of the regular square is four (of course, because the corner portion is made into a circle Therefore, there is an extremely small field in which the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules continuously changes between the four main fine fields. Therefore, from the viewpoint, although not as specific as the foregoing specific examples, it has the advantage of a simple pattern. However, the ratio of the width of the ultraviolet illuminating portion to the non-irradiated portion should be controlled, i.e., the a/b value of the angular portion should be specifically controlled. Fig. 9 illustrates the rotation of the rectangular pattern 45 in Fig. 8A. The pattern. In the case of Fig. 8A, Fig. 8B and Fig. 9, the polarizer 12, 22 is transmitted -13- This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm).

1259314

The direction should be vertical or cup jade, population A is set in the direction of the regular quadrilateral edge, which is the dependence on the unit spacing (n, , 丄,, ' _, cell gap), although in the above manner Aligning the liquid crystal directors with all the gimbals on the plane. However, it is also possible to form at least two directions of the liquid crystal directors, for example, even if at least two or more fine fields are formed, and the angles are arranged in only one direction. The lifting effect is reduced. For example, the alignment of the reeds 1, 1, 1 1 Ψ 曰T, so that the ultraviolet-irradiated portion or the portion of the alignment layer that is removed is formed in a line shape to form the symmetry of the symmetry, and the f-side is folded at least once or distorted, thereby generating an elevation. The effect of the perspective. In the present invention, the alignment layer is treated by physical or chemical means so that the long-axis direction of the aligned liquid crystal molecules actually includes all directions, so that the viewing angle width can be improved by simple engineering and the gradation reversal can be eliminated. Further, due to the vertically aligned portions, the liquid crystal director is previously made relatively large: the angle and the degree of inclination & the threshold voltage is low, and the normal liquid crystal substance can be activated at a low voltage, thereby reducing power consumption. By changing the long-axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules, the problem of d 1 s c 11 n at 1 ο η, which occurred in the past between the fine-domain boundaries, is prevented, thereby improving the contrast and increasing the response speed. The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described by the specification and the accompanying drawings, which are used in a general and technical sense, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention is disclosed by the scope of the patent application. -14- This paper size is applicable to Zhongguanjiajia (CNS) M specification (21QX tearing public love)

Claims (1)

A BCD 1259314 VI. Patent application scope; '> 4 I 1. A liquid crystal display having a plurality of pixels, comprising: electrodes facing each other and having an electric field generated; and two substrates divided into a plurality of main regions; Two alignment layers formed on the inner side of the two substrates and spaced apart; and a liquid crystal layer filled between the two alignment layers, wherein the alignment layer is processed to be located on a plane between the two alignment layers The liquid crystal director of the liquid crystal layer in the region substantially expands in all directions on the plane. 2. A liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main region comprises at least one liquid crystal director which is changed to a continuous sub-region. 3. The liquid crystal display of claim 2, wherein the degree of change of the liquid crystal director in the sub-region is constant, so that the molecules of the liquid crystal layer are arranged symmetrically. 4. The liquid crystal display of claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal director in the sub-region has rotational symmetry. 5. A liquid crystal display according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal director continuously changes in a size of 2 π when viewed in a closed curve on the plane in the sub-region. 6. The liquid crystal display of claim 2, wherein the main area is one pixel. 7. The liquid crystal display of claim 2, wherein the guide is diverted from one alignment layer to another alignment layer. 8 · For the liquid crystal display of the scope of patent application No. 1, among which 〆 包 -15- This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) 1259314 A8 B8 C8 D8 hole, patent application scope A polarizer is attached to the outer sides of the two substrates, respectively. 9. The liquid crystal display of claim 8, wherein the polarizing directions of the polarizers are perpendicular to each other. 1 〇. The liquid crystal display of claim 8, further comprising a uniaxial optical compensation layer attached to at least one of the outer sides of the substrate in the two substrates. 1 1 · A liquid crystal display having a plurality of pixels, comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a first alignment layer having a plurality of main regions; and a second alignment having a plurality of main regions a layer; an electrode for generating an electric field; and a liquid crystal layer filled between the first and second alignment layers, wherein the first alignment layer comprises a first portion that is phototreated and a second portion that is not phototreated, and The first portion has at least a portion that is folded or twisted. 12. The liquid crystal display of claim 3, wherein the light is ultraviolet light. The liquid crystal display of claim 3, wherein the first alignment layer is composed of a SAM. The liquid crystal display of claim 3, wherein the first alignment layer comprises a vertical alignment layer. The liquid crystal display of claim 11, wherein the first sub-segment comprises a strip portion. -16- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ---- 叙·η 1259314 ABCD VI. Scope of Application for Patent J 0 · Armor I Poor Scope of Interest: Partially includes strips. 1 7 · If the liquid crystal _, 〜, ◊洛 of the nth item of the patent application range, the band parts of the m-shao and the second-shao are alternately arranged, 彳Μ ^ curve. Therefore, a concentric seal is formed, 18. The liquid crystal display device of the 17th item of the patent application includes the center portion of the concentric closed curve. 1 9 · The liquid crystal display unit of the 17th item of the patent application and the strip portion of the second part are circular. 20. The liquid crystal display unit of the 17th item of the patent application and the strip portion of the second part are quadrangular. 21. The corners of the liquid crystal_he-shaped shape of the second paragraph of the patent application are circular. 22. If the liquid crystal _ 禾 部分 part of the patent application and the second part of the strip part are alternately set, then the concentric circle fox is used. The liquid crystal _ * 丄, #,, ", π詻, where the layer contains a chiral dopant. 24. The liquid crystal display of claim 3, wherein the left region is a portion of the pixel. 2 5 · For the liquid crystal display of the Scope 1 of the patent application, the Wei only contains one main area. The liquid crystal display of claim 11, wherein the second alignment layer in each desired region comprises a third portion that has been light treated and a fourth portion that has been subjected to light treatment, and the third Part and Part 4 respectively -17- wherein the first of which is the first of which the first of the four of which the first paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α 4 specification (210X 297 mm) AB c D 1259314 The first part and the second part of the patent application scope form a certain angle. 2-7. The liquid crystal display of claim 26, wherein the first and second portions are perpendicular to the third and fourth portions. a liquid crystal display having a plurality of pixels, comprising: a first substrate; a second substrate opposite to the first substrate; a first alignment layer formed on the inner side of the first substrate; formed in the second substrate a second alignment layer on the side; a liquid crystal layer filled between the first and second alignment layers, and an electrode for generating an electric field, wherein the first alignment layer comprises at least a strip portion having at least one fold or twist . The liquid crystal display of claim 28, wherein the first alignment layer comprises a vertical alignment layer. The liquid crystal display of claim 28, wherein the first alignment layer comprises a plurality of strip portions having a distance from each other, and the field between the strip portions is a strip shape, the first alignment The strip-shaped portion of the layer forms a concentric closed curve or a concentric arc with the area between the spaces. 31. The liquid crystal display of claim 30, wherein the second alignment layer comprises a plurality of strip portions having a distance from each other, the strip between the strip portions being in the form of a strip, the second alignment layer The strip portion forms an angle with the strip portion of the first alignment layer. A liquid crystal display according to claim 28, wherein the liquid crystal layer contains a chiral dopant. -18- This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) AB c D 1259314 VI. Application for patent garden 3 3 · For example, the liquid crystal display of patent application No. 28, wherein the liquid crystal The liquid crystal director of the layer is diverted from the first alignment layer to the second alignment layer. 3 4 - A manufacturing method of a liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1, 1 or 28, comprising the steps of: forming an alignment layer on an insulating substrate; and using an opaque linear pattern and a transparent linear pattern The reticle irradiates the alignment layer with ultraviolet rays, wherein at least a portion of the transparent linear pattern is folded or twisted. The manufacturing method of claim 34, wherein the alignment layer is composed of S A Μ. The manufacturing method of claim 35, wherein the alignment layer is a vertical alignment layer. The manufacturing method of claim 34, wherein the opaque line pattern and the transparent line pattern are alternately arranged. The manufacturing method of claim 37, wherein the opaque linear pattern and the transparent linear pattern are concentrically arranged. The manufacturing method of claim 3, wherein the opaque linear pattern and the transparent line pattern are formed in a radial shape with respect to a point. A reticle for optically treating an alignment layer of a liquid crystal display such as the scope of the patent application 丨, 丨丨 or 28, comprising: a linear opaque pattern; and at least one folded or twisted portion Linear transparent pattern. 4 1·If the reticle of claim 40, the opaque figure -19- 4 8 8 8 8 A B c D The patent application scope is alternately arranged with the transparent pattern. 42. The reticle of claim 41, wherein the opaque pattern is concentrically arranged with the transparent pattern. The reticle of claim 41, wherein the opaque pattern is radially extended to form a wedge shape at a point opposite to the transparent pattern. -20- This paper scale applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)