TW561170B - Aqueous dispersions - Google Patents

Abstract

Aqueous dispersions of cationic water-soluble polymers are provided, as well as processes for making and methods of using the same. A composition comprising an aqueous dispersion comprised of: (a) a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable vinyl-addition polymer; and (b) at least one second cationic water-soluble polymer different from said first polymer; and (c) a kosmotropic salt selected from the group consisting of chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, hydrogenphospates and mixtures thereof; and (d) a chaotropic salt selected from the group consisting of thiocyanates, perchlorates, chlorates, nitrates, bromides, iodides and mixtures thereof or an anionic organic salt selected from the group consisting of aryl and substituted aryl sulfonates having from 6 to 22 carbons and alkyl and substituted alkyl sulfonates having from 2 to 22 carbons. wherein the amounts of said (b), (c) and (d) are such that a homogeneous composition is obtained in the absence of said (b).

Description

A7 '^ —'—— —________ B7 V. Description of the invention () 1 / Background of the invention The present invention relates to an aqueous dispersion containing a water-soluble polymer, a method for preparing the dispersion, and water treatment, dehydration, and water purification. , Papermaking, oil wells, soil conditioning, food processing, mineral processing, and methods of using the dispersion in biotechnology applications. U.S. Patent No. 4,380,600 discloses a method for making a water-soluble polymer based aqueous dispersion. This aqueous dispersion may contain inorganic salts. However, the aqueous dispersions exemplified therein have disadvantageously high body viscosity. U.S. Patent 4,673,704 and EP 0 170 394 A2 patents disclose products containing high molecular weight polymer colloidal particles larger than 20 microns in size by using an aqueous solution of a balancing agent that maintains the water content of the particles in equilibrium with the water content of the water phase, and prevents fluids A large number of cohesive continuous phases of particles in the product are interconnected. Although the names of these references are "Aqueous Polymer Dispersions," the products disclosed therein are different from the aqueous dispersions of U.S. Patent No. 4,380,600 and the aqueous dispersion of the present invention. U.S. Patent No. 4,673,704 and The particles of the patent EP 0 170 394 A2 usually do not remain suspended in a continuous matrix of the aqueous phase, but usually are in substantial contact with each other but slide and stay. The polymer gum is dispersed in the water of the balancer; The method of polymer processing is disclosed in the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and printed by U.S. Patent No. 4,778,836 and EP 〇169 674 B1. U.S. Patent No. 4,5 2 2,9 6 8 also discloses a method to convert specific powder A water-soluble homopolymer or copolymer is dispersed in an aqueous solution containing ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide. U.S. Patents 4,929,65 5 and 5,006,590 disclose the preparation of aqueous solutions of water-soluble polymers. Method, which uses polyvalent cations and poly____ in the organic polymer. -4- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification d''x 297 mm)' " -— Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Staff consumption Printed by the cooperative 561170 A7 ____ B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Polymerization of fluorenyl group-containing monomers in the presence of valence anionic salts. The fluorenyl group-containing monomers can be used as hydrophobic alkyl groups containing the patents such as EP 0525 75 1 Monomer substitution. Many references refer to these and similar polymers, for example, US 5,332,506; 5,332,507 * 5,330,650; 5,292,793; 5,43 5,922; 5,466,3 3 8; EP 0 5 95 1 56 Al; EP 0 63 0 909 Al; EP 0 657 478 A2; EP 0 629 5 83 A2; EP 〇6 1 7 99 1 Al; EP 0 1 83 466 Bl; EP 0 63 7 598 A2; EP 0 7 1 7 05 6 A2 Patent, · JP 6 Bu 63 96; JP 6 1-63 97; JP 6 1-63 9 8; JP 62-262799; JP 64-15130; jp 2-38131; JP 62-15251; JP 61-1 3 8607; Hei 6- 3 29866; and JP 62-1 00548 patent ° Although some of the aqueous dispersions in these references have relatively low bulk viscosity, including special monomers containing aromatic or hydrophobic alkyl groups to make the polymer insoluble in salt solutions This demand is disadvantageous because special monomers are expensive and dilute the polymer effect in specific applications. The effects of salts on various substances in aqueous solutions are discussed in the scientific literature. The "Hofmeister" sequence arranges the anions according to their increasing or decreasing solubility in water. Although the position in the arrangement may vary slightly depending on the substance, the anion _ accepts the arrangement as: salt out S042 · ~ HP〇42 · > F · > Cl · > Br > 丨 ~~ C 丨 〇: & gt SCN · Salt (ordered) (high chaotropic) Kosmotropic salts usually reduce the solubility of the substance in water. For example, the Hofmeister arrangement obviously guides the precipitation in US patents 4,929,65 5 and 5,006,5 90, and EP 0 63 0 909 Al, EP 〇-5- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public love) (Please read the precautions on the back before this page) too

V 561170 A7 ------- B7 V. Description of the invention (3) 525 75 1 A1, and EP 657 4 78 A2, the choice of salts for cationic water-soluble polymers containing hydrophobic groups, such as Proven use of strong ordered salts of sulfuric acid and phosphate anions. On the other hand, chaotropic salts with a high chaotropic sequence usually increase the solubility of a substance in water. There are many methods known to those skilled in the art for determining whether a particular salt is ordered or high in chaotropic sequence. Representative salts containing, for example, sulfates, surface compounds, phosphates, acetates, tartrates and hydrogen phosphates are ordered. Representative salts containing anions such as thiocyanate, perchlorate, gaseous acid, bromate, iodide, nitrate and bromide are highly chaotropic. The gaseous anion is generally considered to be approximately in the middle of the Hofmeister arrangement and is either weakly chaotic or highly ordered, depending on the particular system. In the present invention, although occasionally the chaotropic sequence is high, inorganic salts containing gaseous anions tend to be ordered. A small amount of sodium thiocyanate printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, for example, a total of about 0% by weight, has been used as a stabilizer for polymer dispersions, such as Ep 065 65 478 A2, where (NHUhSO4 Used to deposit polymers. Sodium thiocyanate and sodium iodide have been used as stabilizers in hydroxyl-containing water-soluble polymer systems as reported in EP 0.5 1 4 649 A1. US Patent 3,23 4,163 shows a small amount of Sulfate, preferably from 0.1 to 1 percent based on the weight of the polymer, can stabilize polypropylene ammonium amine solution. High molecular weight, water-soluble polymers have been observed in the order of 110 £ 1116. For example, Shuji Saito's Journal of Polymer Science: pt A, Volume 7, pages 1 789-1 802 (1 969) explores the effects of various salts on the solubility of synthetic, water-soluble polymerization 2. This author discusses various anions on polymerization Dissolution of substances 561170 A7 B7 V. The effect of invention description (4), and stated that "this anion order seems to have nothing to do with the relative cationic type and is consistent with the anion's Hofmeister susceptible ion order." Similarly, the polymer announcement in M. Leca Vol. 16, pp. 537-543, 1986. The viscosity of polypropylene amine, as measured in various salts in solution, was found to be HPO42— < Η20 < Bγ- < N03- < Ι- = Βγ. 3- & CIO3- = SC 1ST order increased. Viscosity is reported as higher salt in the chaotropic sequence, and higher in the valley solution than in the less chaotic sequence, or ordered salt solution. Specific novel cationic properties Polymer electrolytes, known as ionene polymers, are reported as (macromolecules of D. Casson and A. Rembaum, Vol. 5, Issue 1, '1972', pp. 75-81) insoluble in 0.4 M Potassium or 0.4 M potassium thiocyanate. Also reported (W_F Lee and CC · Tsai Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 52, pp. 144 7-1458, 1 994) poly (trimethylpropionylaminopropyl) Ammonium lysate) Insoluble in 〇5 M Na2Cl〇4 or 0.5 M NaN03 〇 The consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints specific anionic organic salts, such as solubilizers and surfactants, and tends to add substances Solubility in water. However, poly (allyl ammonium chloride) is reported as (T · It ay et al. Polymer Science Period Pt B: Polymer Physics, Vol. 32, pp. 171-177, 1994, and references 3, 5 and 6; and Macromolecules, Vol. 26, pp. 6021-6026, 1993). Precipitation in solution of steel salts of p-ethylbenzenesulfonic acid, p-propylbenzenesulfonic acid or sulfonic acid. Quaternization of poly (4-vinylpyridine) with polybutylene gas Gases) are reported as (M. Sat oh, E. Yoda, and J. Komiyama macromolecules, vol. 24, pages 1 1 23 -27, 1 99 1) each in a solution of NaCl and containing para-B Sodium salt of benzene benzene sulfonic acid The size of this paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 561170 A7

6561170 A7 B7 V. Explanation of the invention (Problem of aqueous dispersion of molecular weight water-soluble polymer. Summary of the invention The present invention provides a novel aqueous dispersion of high molecular weight water-soluble or water-swellable polymer by k, and a method for preparing and using the same. The method of an aqueous dispersion solution solves this problem. Therefore, an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is provided, which comprises: ⑻ a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and 第 at least one different from the first polymer Two water-soluble polymers; and hydrazone ordered salts; and (d) salts with high chaotropic sequences, wherein the amounts of hydrazone, hydrazone, and rhenium are such that a uniform composition is obtained in the absence of the rhenium. In another A specific embodiment provides an aqueous polymer dispersion comprising: ⑻ a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and ⑸ at least one first water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and ( c) ordered salts; and ⑻ anionic organic salts,

Wherein the amounts of rhenium, (c) and (d) are such that a uniform composition D is obtained in the absence of the rhenium. In another specific embodiment, an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is provided, which comprises a discontinuous phase of rhenium, It contains a polymer mainly containing a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula ⑴, please read the note

I Page I Order Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

-Paper quasi-standard home country I suitable for centimeters 561170 A7 —____ V. Description of invention (7) Among them ^^ is! !! Or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 broken atoms, r2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl 'R3 is methyl, ethyl Group, or propyl, r4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3, and R4 contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and ⑸ at least one different from the first polymerization The second water-soluble polymer. In another specific embodiment, an aqueous polymer dispersion is provided, comprising: a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula ⑴, wherein Ri is Η or CH3, and A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having i to 5 carbon atoms, R2 is fluorenyl, ethyl, or propyl, and is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R4 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl or substituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3, and R4 start together Containing at least 4 carbon atoms in total, and ⑹ at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer, wherein a homogeneous composition is obtained in the presence of (b). Printed in another specific embodiment by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economics, a method for manufacturing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is provided, which comprises polymerizing a vinyl-addition monomer to form a first cationic water-soluble or water-containing polymer. An aqueous dispersion of an expanded polymer, wherein the polymerization is in an orderly salt comprising at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and (c) an aqueous combination of salts having a high chaotropic sequence Performed in the presence of a substance, wherein the amounts of the amidine, amidine and (c) are such that if the polymerization is performed in the absence of the amidine, a homogeneous composition is obtained. In another specific embodiment, an aqueous dispersion for manufacturing a polymer is provided. Υ A7 '~--~-^ 1 V. Description of the Invention (), Q / Dazzle <Method', which contains a polymerized vinyl-addition monomer to Forming an aqueous dispersion comprising a first polymeric water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, wherein the polydimer comprises an ordered salt of at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and The anionic organic salt of the aqueous composition is carried out in the presence of f, wherein the amount of ⑻, (_ is such that if the polymerization is carried out in the absence of ⑻;, a uniform composition is obtained. 得到, in another specific implementation For example, a method for manufacturing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is provided. The method includes polymerizing an ethylammonium addition monomer containing at least one monomer of formula (i) to form a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer. Aqueous dispersion, (II)

I ch2 = c

I c = o

A

I

B R2—

R4 X where Ri is H or CH3 ′ A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and r2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R3 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3, together with chi 4, contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and the polymerization thereof It is carried out in the presence of an aqueous composition comprising at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer. -11-This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297mm) (Please read the back of ¥ on the back for more details on this page)

—Print · Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 561170 A7 ________B7 V. Description of the Invention (9) In another specific embodiment, a method for manufacturing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer is provided, which comprises polymerizing at least one An ethylamidine-addition monomer of a monomer of formula (π) to form an aqueous dispersion containing a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, wherein Ri is Η or CH3, A is 0 or Ν, and B is An alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms is a methyl, ethyl, or propyl group, and R3 is a methyl, ethyl, or propyl group. R4 is a group having 1 An alkyl or substituted alkyl group of 10 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl or substituted aryl group of 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3, and R4 together contain at least 4 carbon atoms; and wherein the polymerization is performed in the presence of an aqueous composition comprising an amount of at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and the amount of the second polymer is such that If the polymerization is performed in the absence of the second polymer, then The homogeneous composition. In another specific embodiment, a method for blending two or more aqueous dispersions is provided, which comprises a first aqueous dispersion that is intermixed with a water-soluble or water-swellable polymer and (b) water-soluble or water-swellable polymerization The second aqueous dispersion liquid is different from the second aqueous dispersion to form a third aqueous dispersion liquid. Printed in another embodiment, the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs provides a method for dehydrating a suspension of dispersed solids. And a suspension of dispersed solids, and ⑸ dehydrating the suspension of dispersed solids, the aqueous dispersion comprising: a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and at least one second different from the first polymer Water-soluble polymers; and (iii) ordered salts; and (iv) salts with high chaotropic sequences, wherein the amounts of (ii), (iii), and (iv) are such that Both -12- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 561170 Printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of Didi A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1〇) &quot; 'Uniform composition . In another specific embodiment, a method for dehydrating a suspension of dispersed solids is provided, which comprises intermixing an aqueous dispersion of polymers or an aqueous blend thereof with a dispersed solid in an effective dehydration amount, and ( b) dehydrating the suspension of the dispersed solid, the aqueous partition liquid comprising: a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer I; And (iii) an ordered salt; and (iv) an anionic organic salt, wherein the amounts of the hydrazone, (iii) and (iv) are such that a homogram composition is obtained in the absence of the rhenium. In another specific embodiment, a method for dehydrating a suspension of dispersed solids is provided, which comprises: (i) intermixing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer or an aqueous blend thereof with a dispersed solid in an effective dehydration amount; and (ii) The suspension of the dispersed solid is dehydrated. The aqueous dispersion contains a discontinuous phase containing a polymer mainly comprising a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula ⑴, where 1 is Rhenium or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or fluorenyl oxide having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and ruler 3 is methyl , Ethyl, or propyl, R4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3, and R4 contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and A second water-soluble polymer in the first polymer. In another specific embodiment, a method for dehydrating a suspension of dispersed solids is provided, which comprises: (i) intermixing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer or an aqueous blend thereof with a dispersed solid in an effective dehydration amount; and (ii) The suspension of the dispersed solid is dehydrated, and the aqueous dispersion contains at least one formula: -13- This standard is applicable to China National Standard (〇 奶) 8 4 specifications (210 father 297 mm) ^ ~ (Please Read the precautions on the back first ^^ This page) Wood, 1T spring 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11 The first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer of the repeating unit printed by ⑴ in the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standard Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Compounds, where 1 ^ is 11 or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is a dialkyl or branched dialkyl or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl , R3 is fluorenyl, ethyl, or propyl, R4 is alkyl or substituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or aryl or substituted aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X Is a counter ion, and R2, R3, together contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and At least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer, wherein a homogeneous composition is obtained in the absence of the hydrazone. In another specific embodiment, a method is provided for making substantially dry water-soluble or water-swellable acetamidine Base-addition polymer particles, which comprise a hydrazine-containing addition polymer aqueous dispersion with a residence time of about 8 to about 120 seconds and an exit at about 70 C to about 150 C Spray drying at a temperature into the air stream, and collect the polymer particles generated. In another embodiment, a substantially dry water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particle is provided, which includes a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer. And (b) at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and (c) an ordered salt; and a salt having a high chaotropic sequence, wherein about or more of the polymer The particles each contain the plutonium and the plutonium, and the particles have a bulk density of about 0.4 grams per cubic centimeter to about 10 grams per cubic centimeter. In another specific embodiment, a method is provided, which includes the intermixing of plutonium with Substantially dry or water soluble A composition of expanded polymer particles comprising: a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and (iii) an ordered ( Please read the notes on the back first (and then this page) too

* 1T -14-361170 A7 V. Description of the invention (12 Salt printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs; and (iv) a salt with a high chaotropic sequence, of which about 90% or more of each of the polymer particles Individually containing the osmium and the osmium, the particles have a bulk density of 0.4 grams per cubic centimeter to about 10 grams per cubic centimeter, and water to form an aqueous polymer blend, and ⑸ in an effective dehydration amount Intermixing the aqueous polymer blend with a suspension of dispersed solids, and (c) dehydrating the suspension of the dispersed solids. ~ In another embodiment, a method is provided that includes intermixing, including substantially drying, A composition of water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particles comprising: a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and (iii) An ordered salt; and (iv) an anionic organic salt, wherein about 90% or more of the polymer particles each contain the hydrazone and the (ii), the particles having about 0.4 grams per cubic centimeter to Body density of about 丨 0 grams per cubic centimeter, and water Forming an aqueous polymer blend, i.e. intermixing the aqueous polymer blend with a suspension of dispersed solids in an amount effective to dehydrate, and i.e. dehydrating the suspension of dispersed solids. In another embodiment, a method is provided A method comprising the step of intermixing a composition comprising substantially dry water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particles, comprising (1) a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula ⑴, wherein 1 is 11 or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or fluorenyl oxide having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and r3 is methyl R4 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl or substituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a counter ion, and -15- Common Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (21〇 × 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back-item on this page and then π), 1T spring 561170 A7 ________B7. 13) R2, R3, and R4 contain at least 4 carbon atoms in total; and A second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer, wherein about 90% or more of the polymer particles each contain the osmium and the osmium, the particles having from about 0.4 g per cubic centimeter to each A volume density of about 10 grams per cubic centimeter, and water to form an aqueous polymer blend, and intermixing the suspension of the aqueous polymer blend with a dispersed solid in an amount effective for dehydration, and the suspension of the dispersed solid Liquid dehydration. Detailed description of preferred embodiments. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention contains the first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, preferably acetamido · addition polymerization. Thing. The cationic charge of the first cationic polymer may be from about 1% to about 100% of the cationic repeating unit based on the total molar number of repeating units in the first cationic polymer, preferably about 5 % Or more, more preferably about 0% or more, even more preferably about 20% or more, most preferably about 300% or more, preferably about 90% or more It is less, more preferably about 80% or less, and most preferably about 70% or less, and varies over a wide range. The cationic repeating unit can be formed by reacting the polymer, but is preferably formed by polymerizing a cationic monomer. Cationic monomers can include any cationic monomer, including di-propyl-dialkylammonium phosphonium compounds, which are commonly used to prepare cationic (meth) acrylates and cationic (meth) acrylic acid hydrazones. The amine is preferably a diallyldimethylammonium compound, and an acid and a quaternary salt of a dialkylaminoalkyl (alk) acrylate and a dialkylaminoalkyl (alk) acrylamide. Cationic repeating units can be polymerized by quaternary monomers, such as dialkylaminoalkyl (alk) acrylates or dialkylaminoalkyl (alk) acrylamides, and then acidified. The scale applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X29 * 7). 5. Description of the invention (14 or quaternary formation. The best is that the first cationic polymer contains a cationic repeat of formula ⑴ Unit, which is preferably formed by the polymerization of the corresponding monomer of formula (π): (II) (丨) * CH2—C— *

B R2—N-Rg R4 X &quot; CH2 = Cc = o AIB R2 ~ N—R3 R4 X &quot; Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economics where RAH or CH3 'A is 0 or NH, and B is 1 to 5 Alkylene or branched alkylene or fluorenyl oxide of each carbon atom, R2 and L are each methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and R4 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms Group, or an aryl or substituted aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a counter ion, and R2, r3, together with! ^ Contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms, preferably at least 5 carbon atoms. In a particularly preferred embodiment, R4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl. In other preferred embodiments, it is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group having 4 to 10 carbon atoms. In other preferred embodiments, R4 is benzyl. Preferably, the parent is a gas ion, a bromide ion, a chiron ion, a methyl sulfate group, or an ethyl sulfate group. This first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer may be a copolymer and may contain other cationic repeating units or non-ionic repeating units. Non-ionic repeat units can be formed from water-soluble monomers such as N-vinylpyridine, -17-

561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15 N-ethylpyrrolidone, hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate, etc., printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, preferably (meth) acrylamide, Or it can be formed from a hydrophobic monomer having a low water solubility, as long as it includes less water-soluble, for example, a hydrophobic repeating unit does not make the resulting polymer water-insoluble or water-swellable. The first cationic polymer may contain The total molar number of repeating units in the polymer ranges from 0% to about 99%, preferably about 10% or more, more preferably about 20% or more, and most preferably about 30% or more ; Preferably about 90% or less, more preferably about 80% or less, and most preferably about 70% or less, the repeating unit amount of a water-soluble nonionic monomer of Molar ratio. Hydrophobic The monomer may be a hydrocarbon monomer, for example, styrene, butadiene, 1-olefin, vinylcyclohexane, etc. Other vinyl monomers, such as vinyl chloride, and others are mainly those having polymerizable double bonds. Aliphatic or aromatic compounds, or monomers with only moderate water solubility, such as propidium. The monomer is alkyl (alk) acrylate or aryl (alk) propionate, in which the alkyl or aryl group contains about 1 to 12 carbon atoms, such as (meth) acrylic acid methyl ester, (methyl ) Ethyl acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) propionate, ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isoalkyl (meth) acrylate, (Fluorenyl) cyclohexyl acrylate, or (meth) acrylic acid aryl, or (burned) acrylamide or aryl sulfonate, or aryl, wherein the fluorinated or aryl group contains about 1 to 1 2 broken atoms, such as (A (Methyl) Propanamide methyl ester, (Meth) acrylamidoethyl ester, (Amidyl) acrylamido tert-butyl ester, (Meth) acrylamidodimethyl dimethyl, (Methyl) propanamine Hexyl ester, (meth) acrylamidoethylhexyl ester, (meth) acrylamido isothioester, (meth) acrylamido cyclohexyl ester, or (meth) acrylamido aryl ester. A cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer may contain a total molar number ranging from about -18 based on the repeating units in the polymer. This paper size applies to the CNS A4 specification ( 210X297 mm) * &quot; &quot; 561170

Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs from 0% to about 15%, preferably from about 2% to about 10% of Mole ratio's hydrophobic non-ionic repeats per unit volume. Although hydrophobic repeating units may dilute polymer effects in specific applications, including controlled amounts can favorably affect certain characteristics of aqueous dispersions, such as dissolution rate, body viscosity, cost, ease of handling, performance, etc. Depending on the specific embodiment, it is preferred that the polymer has no water-based repeating unit, or a hydrophobic repeating unit with a specific amount to obtain a beneficial effect without adversely increasing the dilution effect. Considering the effect of high solids on body viscosity, the amount of the first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer in the aqueous dispersion is practically as high as possible, preferably 5% or more based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion, more preferably It is about 10% or more, and most preferably about 20% or more by weight. Generally, the solids are not increased to an amount higher than the increase in body viscosity to an impractical level. In fact, the amount of the first polymer in the aqueous dispersion is about 75% or less based on the total weight, preferably about 60% or less, and more preferably about 50% by weight or less. The weight average molecular weight of the first cationic polymer in the aqueous dispersion is not critical and depends on the application, but is generally higher than about, preferably greater than about 2,000,000, and more preferably greater than about 5,000. 〇〇〇, and more preferably greater than about 10,000,000. The molecular weight of the polymer is weight average and can be determined by methods known to those skilled in the art, preferably by light scattering. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention usually contains a discontinuous phase of small water droplets, which contains a polymer containing a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer dispersed in the aqueous continuous phase, although of course a small amount of the first polymer It can be found in the continuous phase. Therefore, the first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer usually has a composition of more than 50%, preferably more than 75%, in a typical small water droplet.

(Please read the precautions on the back first, then this page) BOOK 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) I compound. The amount of the first cationic polymer in the discontinuous and continuous phases can be determined by known analytical techniques, such as Raman microscopy. Although large water droplets or gum particles can be formed by adding dry or gum polymers to other ingredients, such as U.S. Patent No. 4,673,704 and EP 0 170 394 A2, the aqueous dispersions of the present invention are preferred because they are generally kept suspended in water. A cationic polymer in the form of a droplet in a continuous matrix of phases and usually not stopping substantially in contact with each other is usually more desirable. Although an aqueous dispersion prepared by polymerization of the monomers described herein may sometimes have an average titer of about 30 microns or more, the average titer is often less than about 5 microns or less. The titer of non-spherical drops is the length along the major axis. The titer and shape tend to be a function of the reactor conditions, such as stirring rate, reactor configuration, type of agitator, etc. Preferably, the titer is selected by polymerizing in the presence of a more insoluble polymer seed which is insoluble in an aqueous solution having the same inorganic salt concentration as the aqueous dispersion. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention, which is printed by an employee consumer cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, contains a second water-soluble polymer, which is preferably a vinyl-addition polymer, which is different from and preferably not soluble in the first water Compatible with water-swellable cationic polymers. It can be distinguished by known characterization methods, such as spectroscopy, chromatography, etc., based on specific physical characteristics, such as chemical composition, charge, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, distribution of repeating units along the polymer chain, etc. In the case of one polymer, the second polymer is different from the first polymer. When a solution of two polymers is exchanged at a concentration existing in an aqueous I liquid without forming a homogeneous mixture, or in the presence of another monomer, the polymer is formed by the polymerization of one monomer and the polymer is not formed. When the mixture is homogeneous, the second polymer is not in phase with the first polymer &gt; -20-20561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention It is preferably cationic, and the water-soluble polymer is usually soluble in the aqueous continuous phase, although a small amount can of course be found in the discontinuous phase. The amount of the second polymer in the discontinuous and continuous phase can be determined by known analytical methods, for example, Raman microscopy. The second polymer can be any non-ionic water-soluble polymer, preferably polyfluorene oxide, polyvinylacetate, polyvinylpyridine, polyvinylpyrrolidone, "alkane" acrylic acid Polyhydroxyalkyl esters and the like are most preferably poly (meth) acrylamide. Even more preferably, the second water-soluble polymer is cationic. The second polymer can be any cationic polymer and the charge can be borrowed Aggregation-based The cationic repeating unit having a total molar number of medium repeating units of about 1% to about 100% is preferably about 10% or more, more preferably about 20% or more, even more preferably about 3 Moore ratio of 0% or more, and varies over a wide range. Although in some cases, the second cationic polymer may contain about 70%, or even about 50, based on the total mole number of repeating units in the polymer. % Or less of the molar ratio of the cationic repeating unit, preferably, the second polymer is mainly cationic, that is, it contains cationic repeats based on the total molar number of repeating units in the polymer exceeding 50% of the molar ratio Units; preferably about 80% or more repeating cationic units on the same basis. Cationic repeating units may be formed from the polymerization of cationic monomers as described above or from the polymer after the reaction, and may be copolymers as described above and may be Contains other cationic repeating units or non-ionic repeating units. Preferred second cationic hydrosynthetic polymers include Methyl gas quaternary salt, dialkylamino Alkyl (system) quaternary salt of dimethyl sulfate of acrylate, quaternary methyl salt of dialkylaminoalkyl (alk) acrylamidine, or dialkylamino alkyl (alkane) Acrylic (Please read the notes on the back before this page)

Dingquan 21-19561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (please read first-note of the back ¥ Note-then rf repeat unit of quaternary dimethyl sulfate ester quaternary salt. Particularly preferred second cationic water-soluble polymerization Contains diallyldimethylammonium vapor, quaternary methyl vapor of dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, or dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate Repeating unit of quaternary salt of dimethyl sulfate. One or more second cationic polymers can be used. Depending on the application, it is preferred that the second polymer is cationic to make the cationic charge of the aqueous dispersion The density is the largest. For specific examples containing salt, it is also preferred that the second polymer is cationic, because cationic polymers are often more soluble in salt solutions than non-ionic polymers. Order Staff Cooperatives, Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed second, preferably cationic, 4 amounts of water-soluble polymer in the aqueous dispersion are usually selected to control the properties of the aqueous dispersion, such as performance, body viscosity, charge, molecular weight, dissolution rate, physical security Constant force, for example, coagulation, etc. Generally, the amount of the second polymer is about 5% or more, preferably about 10% or more, more preferably, based on the amount of the first cationic water-soluble polymer. 'Scoop 20 / 〇 or more, preferably about 30% or more by weight. In fact, the amount of the second water-soluble polymer in the aqueous dispersion is based on the amount of the first cationic water-soluble polymer. 100% or less, preferably about 80% or less, more preferably about 50% or less by weight. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the amount of the first and second polymers is effective to form an aqueous dispersion In some embodiments, the second polymer cannot form an aqueous dispersion, but a homogeneous composition is obtained. In fact, the amount of the first and second polymers is found by periodic experiments and is generally regarded as the first and the second. The identity of the two polymers, total polymer solid content, body viscosity, cost, ease of manufacture, product properties, etc., are used in different amounts. -22- This paper is suitable for Guancai County (CNS) A4 specifications (21 〇χ297297 561170 A7 B7 20 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs i DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (The weight-average molecular weight of the second water-soluble polymer in the aqueous dispersion is also selected to provide the most beneficial effects, such as body viscosity, performance, cost, etc., but is usually higher than about 10,000, preferably higher than About 50,000, more preferably greater than about 500,000, and most preferably greater than about 100,000. The molecular weight of the polymer is weight average and can be measured by methods known to those skilled in the art ' It is preferably light scattering. The second water-soluble polymer is mainly in the continuous phase of the aqueous dispersion, although a small amount can of course be contained in the dispersed droplets. Preferably, the aqueous dispersion of the present invention is a heterogeneous composition, in which 50%, preferably about 75% or more of the first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer is in the form of a discontinuous phase of water droplets, which is dispersed at a content of more than 50%, preferably lat. 7 5 / 〇 or more Second, preferably cationic, water-soluble polymer in aqueous solution. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention may contain a third water-soluble or water-swellable polymer different from the first or second polymer. For example, the third polymer may also be contained in a droplet dispersed in an aqueous solution, in which case it may be as described in the polymer under discussion. The second polymer,% ions, each polymer, can be dissolved in an aqueous solution with the second polymer ☆ ^ This ^ shape can be as described in the discussion of the second polymer above. It is preferred that the 'dimeric polymer is cationic. The third aqueous solution of the first polymer can be formed by joining the aqueous dispersion of the present invention, wherein the first and second are the same. Blending is usually performed by intermixing aqueous dispersions: line two: =. Convergence is to obtain the properties exhibited by individual aqueous dispersions; Hengma's advantages are, for example, properties ㈣ <thousand molecular weight, etc. Amazingly secretive order ~ polymer solids, cost, and, surprisingly, in many cases, the conjugate is stable,

The size of this paper

A4 specification (21 〇x 297 public splash) ------------ £ 7561170 A7 V. Description of the invention (21) For example, maintain low body viscosity, for example, lower than 〇〇〇〇〇〇 Centipoise, — week, longer-lasting aqueous dispersion formula, even though the content of the second polymer in the salt j in the blend is far different from the t content required to obtain the safe product of one or both of the dispersed polymers, If formulated separately. It is also surprising that the bulk viscosity of blends is often lower than the bulk viscosity of any individual aqueous dispersion. As used herein, the molecular weight of an aqueous dispersion is simply the weight average molecular weight of the polymer contained therein, which is obtained by subjecting all dispersions to appropriate molecular weight characterization techniques, such as light scattering. Since the aqueous dispersion contains two or more different polymers, each of which may have a different molecular I and molecular weight distribution from each other, the molecular weight distribution of the aqueous dispersion may be polymorphic. The molecular weight of the aqueous dispersion is usually about 10,000, or more, preferably about 2,000,000, more preferably about 30,000, or more, and most preferably about 10,000. 5,000,000 or higher. In some cases, it is more convenient to characterize the aqueous dispersion with respect to standard viscosity rather than molecular weight. The "standard viscosity" as used herein is determined by diluting an aqueous dispersion with water to form an aqueous blend (in the case of a water-swellable polymer) or a solution (in the case of a water-soluble polymer) having a polymer concentration of about 0.2%. Case); Mix 8.0 grams of this aqueous blend or solution with 86 grams of 2M NaCl; then on a rotating cylinder viscometer at 25 ° C, for example, a Brookfield viscometer with a UL connector, measure at 60 rpin The viscosity of the resulting mixture. The standard viscosity of the aqueous dispersion of the present invention is usually about 1.5 centipoise or higher, preferably about 1.8 centipoise or higher, more preferably about 2.0 centipoise or higher , The best is about 2.5 centipoise or higher, depending on the application. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention can also be mixed with water-in-oil emulsion of water-soluble polymer-24. This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 specification (210X29 * 7mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before this page}, 1 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 561170 i, Invention Description (22 liquid or microemulsion to form a composition Although specific to this invention Has low flammability, etc. Body viscosity of aqueous dispersions. The amount of sleep tends to decrease salt, for example, gaseous 2: Organic salts, preferably orderly, acid salt, or chlorine scale The acid is ammonium sulfate, gasified steel, gadolinium, and flying material. The preferred relative ions can be any relative: the second one is sodium bisulfate and sulfuric acid. Gold, steel, steel and magnesium. A mixture of salts can be used, and the plate f can be selected to ^ to the desired body viscosity or any other desired effect. Because the salt has a dilution effect, it is best implemented in the center of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Standard Bureau employee consumer cooperatives print the amount of homogeneous composition in the presence of water-soluble polymers. Added in the f-body, the aqueous dispersion is not formed by the action of salt, but by the interaction of the first and second polymers. Effect. Regular salts can be found to be effective or viscosity-reduced amounts of salts, and are usually selected to reduce body viscosity without causing polymer precipitation. In other preferred embodiments, the salts are only used in the absence of the first cationic polymer. Homogeneous combination in the presence In a specific embodiment where the salt has a surplus but is not necessary, the salt content is up to 0% based on the total weight, preferably about 3% or more, and most preferably about 5% or more, depending on the solubility. The upper limit is determined because the solubility of the salt in the aqueous dispersion is better. In the specific embodiment where the salt is necessary, the salt content is selected to favorably affect the product properties, such as cost, body viscosity, etc. 1% 'preferably about 3% or more, and most preferably about 5% or more, depending on the upper limit of the solubility' because the solution of the salt in the aqueous dispersion is better. The scale applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm), 23561170 A7 B7 5. Read the description of the invention first read · Obviously the actual effect of salt is often not higher than about 3%, so the salt content based on the total weight is usually It is about 30% or less, preferably about 25% or less by weight. In fact, the salt content can be determined by periodic experiments, for example, balancing positive product attributes, such as lower body viscosity resulting from higher salt content, and counteracting the negative state of salt use, such as cost and dilution effects. According to the consumer cooperation of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Du printed surprisingly, it has been found that salts with high chaotropic sequences and ordered salts, or a mixture of anionic organic salts and ordered salts, have reduced aqueous dispersion = Trend in body viscosity. In many cases, salt mixtures are more effective on a weight basis than salt alone. Usable salts with a high chaotropic sequence include thiocyanate, peroxoate, oxoate, nitrate, bromide, iodide, and mixtures thereof, with sodium thiocyanate and sodium iodide being preferred. Useful anionic organic salts include anionic surfactants and anionic solubilizing salts, preferably aryl and substituted aryl acids having 6 to ^ carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 18 carbon atoms. And alkyl and substituted alkyl sulfonates having 2 to 22 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof. Particularly preferred anionic organic salts are dialkylthiosuccinate, diarylthiosuccinate, benzenesulfonate, benzenedisulfonate, sulfonate, sulfonate, and mixtures thereof; 1 , 3-benzenedisulfonate is the best. The counterion of the salt with a high chaotropic sequence and the anionic organic sleep may be any typical counterion, for example, the eighth Group 2 ions, ammonium, etc., preferably ammonium, _, and potassium. Salts and anionic organic salts with high chaotropic sequences that are effective or reduced in viscosity can be found through periodic experiments', and the choice of neo-lowering reduces the polymer precipitation. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the amount of salt with high chaotropic or anionic organic salts and ordered salts is selected such that in the absence of a second cationic polymer = uniformity = 26 • Paper size is appropriate) (210X297 ^ · 561170 A7 ------------ B7 V. Description of the invention (2): "Substance", that is, "salt" The concentration is such that the first cationic polymer is not Shen Dian without the second cationic polymer Generally, the amount of the chaotropic sequence or anionic organic salt is about 10% or less, preferably about 5% or less, and usually 0.05% or more, preferably 5% based on the total weight. ❶ or higher weight ratio. At a very low chaotropic sequence, high or anionic organic salt content, the effect of reducing the viscosity of the salt is negligible, and the salt can cause undesired sinking or stratification when added in high amounts. For specific body viscosity, the amount of ordered salts used with high chaotropic or anionic organic salts is usually lower than when ordered salts are used alone, but still given in the above inorganic or ordered salt domains. Within the scope of the present invention, printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The liquid usually has a lower body viscosity than the equivalent aqueous dispersion. The equivalent aqueous dispersion is usually substantially the same in many functional states, but lacks specific elements of the present invention. Generally, the aqueous dispersion of the present invention has substantially the same ratio as Polymer solids, cationic charge and weight average molecular weight, but lack important features of the present invention, for example, lack of repeating units of formula (I); lack of repeating units of formula (I) found in aqueous dispersions of the invention; Not manufactured by a method comprising polymerizing a vinyl-addition monomer comprising at least one monomer of formula (H); not manufactured by a method comprising vinyl-addition comprising an amount of monomer of formula (11) used in the method of the invention The monomer has a low body viscosity of the same aqueous dispersion produced by a method of manufacturing, etc. For example, in a composition containing an aqueous dispersion, it contains a discontinuous phase, which contains mainly a repeat having at least one formula (I) A unit of a polymer of a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, and at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer, the same water Dispersion liquid can contain phase-27- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (25) Please read the I item on the back before filling it. ♦ This page is the same as The amount of each component, except for the corresponding repeating (I) units of the same aqueous dispersion, R2, R3 and R4 together contain a total of 3 carbon atoms, instead of the corresponding repeating unit of the formula (I) of the aqueous dispersion 4 or more carbon atoms. Surprisingly, an aqueous dispersion with repeating units of formula (), where 2, and R3 and R4 contain four or preferably five atom breaks, usually have substantially the same ratio, except that R2, and "only The body viscosity of an aqueous dispersion containing three carbon atoms is dramatically lower. The body viscosity of an aqueous dispersion is generally affected by, for example, total polymer solids, salt content, polymer type, first cationic polymer versus The effect of the proportion of diionic polymers, etc., as described herein. Although an aqueous dispersion having a body viscosity of about 20,000 cps or higher, or a body viscosity of about 200,000 cps or higher Can be adapted to specific environments' For ease of handling, very low body viscosity is usually preferred. It has about 20,000 centipoise (cps) or less, preferably about 10,000 cps or more 'Less' is more preferably about 8,000 CpS or less, even more preferably about 5,000 cps or less' is most preferred is an aqueous dispersion of body viscosity of about 2,500 cps or less Liquid 'can be obtained through the practice of the present invention. Body viscosity can be obtained by any convenient method known to those skilled in the art It is preferred to measure by a rotating cylinder viscometer, as shown in the following example. The Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints an aqueous dispersion with as many of the following beneficial properties as possible: relatively high cationic polymer solids, based on All are preferably 20% or higher, more preferably 25% or higher by weight; high molecular weight, preferably 2,000, 000 or higher; more preferably 5,000,000 or higher; lower Environmental impact (low VOC, essentially free of organic solvents and aromatic groups, for example, containing aromatic or rare-based oils or repeating units); minimal amount of diluent (preferably, based on all -28) This paper size applies to the Chinese country Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) 561170 A7 ------ B7 V. Description of the invention (male) 20% or less weight salt, and no or substantially no hydrophobic repeating unit Polymer); body viscosity of about 2,000 cps or less; for repeating units based on formula ⑴, r2, R4R4_ contain a total of 5 atoms; and excellent or equivalent properties. Products with all of these properties can be obtained from this The practice of invention was obtained. The aqueous dispersion of the water-soluble polymer printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy is preferably in at least one second ionic water-soluble polymer, and in specific polymer embodiments, it is advantageous to use the corresponding monomers. Polymerization to form the first cationic soil = polymerization. Polymerization can be performed by any initiation method, including redox, thermal or irradiation. Examples of preferred initiators are 2,2, _azobis (2 • formamidine -Propane) dihydrochloride (V-50), 2,2, azobis (isobutyronitrile), sodium bromide / sulfur dioxide, potassium persulfate / sodium sulfite, and ammonium persulfate / sodium sulfite, and peroxy Redox initiators are disclosed, for example, in US 4,473,6 8 9 patentees. The initiator content is selected in a known manner to make a polymer of the desired molecular weight. The amount of chain transfer agent, such as isopropanol, lactic acid, thiol ethanol, etc., and branching or cross-linking agents, such as methylene bispropenamide, can be added by known methods to further adjust the first cationic water solubility I compound properties. Depending on the manufacturing conditions, for example, the types and relative amounts of the chain transfer agent and the branching agent can form water-swellable or branched, water-soluble polymers. Generally, the use of larger amounts of branching or cross-linking agents increases the tendency of the product to be water-swellable rather than water-soluble, and incremental chain transfer agents tend to reduce the molecular weight. When a chain transfer agent and a branching agent are used together, a water-swelled product is easily obtained at a high branching agent and a low chain transfer agent content, and a water-soluble polymer can be obtained at a high chain transfer agent and a low branching agent content. Ingredients can be added at any time; Example -29- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 561170

Description of the invention &amp; Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs For example, all monomers can be present at the beginning of polymerization, or monomers can be added during polymerization. If a salt is used, all the salt may be present at the beginning of the polymerization, or the salt may be added during or after the polymerization is completed. Similarly, polymerization parameters can be selected, such as temperature and time, and can be changed during polymerization. Polymerization is usually carried out in the presence of inert gas, such as nitrogen. Conventional processing aids can be added as needed, such as, for example, clamping agents, staggering agents, pH adjusting agents, and the like. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention has an advantageous state because it is preferably substantially free of diluent substances such as surfactants, oils, hydrocarbon liquids, organic solvents, etc. Although the viscosity-reducing additives are, for example, glycerin, glycerol, alcohol, Glycol and the like may be present in the aqueous dispersion in an amount of 2% or less, more preferably 1% or less, and most preferably 01% or less in order to maintain the advantageous properties of the present invention. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention can be homogeneous in the absence of specific ingredients, for example, the second water-soluble polymer. Homogeneous compositions are generally characterized as clear or transparent and are not aqueous dispersions because they do not contain dispersed droplets as described above. Depending on the specific embodiment, the first cationic water-soluble polymer or the second cationic water-soluble polymer is manufacturable for a dispersion because no aqueous dispersion is obtained without specific ingredients that are effective or produced in the dispersion. . The water used in the present invention can be obtained from any source, for example, process water, water, distilled water, tap water, and the like. Preferably, the polymerization is carried out in an aqueous solution containing no substance that adversely affects the polymerization. Advantageously, the aqueous dispersion of the present invention tends to dissolve rapidly when diluted with water. The aqueous dispersion of the present invention can be dehydrated to increase the total polymer solid content. -30-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) '&quot; ~~-

561170 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (28) or manufacture of substantially dry products. Any method known in the art, such as stripping, spray drying, solvent precipitation, etc., can be used to reduce the water content. Surprisingly, dehydration of the fractions can reduce the body viscosity of the aqueous dispersion, even if there is a tendency for dehydration to increase polymer solids. Dehydration can be effected by heating, preferably under low pressure, although of course, excessive heating is detrimental to polymer properties. A substantially dry substance of the polymer can be obtained by removal of water, and the substance can be pulverized to produce a powdery, granular, or granular product. Surprisingly, a substantially dry polymer product can be obtained by spray-drying the aqueous dispersion of the present invention. Although spray-dried oil-containing polymer emulsions and dispersions have been sprayed, for example, see U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 668,28 8 and references therein, spray-drying of aqueous dispersions that are generally free of oil and surfactant has not been previously reported . According to the present invention, an aqueous dispersion containing an acetamyl addition polymer can be spray-dried into a large tank by a suitable device, and the person can enter the hot air to remove large or all volatiles and cause dry polymers. ; Recycling. Surprisingly, the means for spraying the aqueous dispersion into the air stream is not particularly critical and is not limited to pressure nozzles having a specified orifice size; in fact, any known nozzle spray drying device can be used. For example, devices known in the art, such as rotating atomizers, pressure nozzles, Central Standards of the Ministry of Inflatable Economy, Printing Co., Ltd., squeaks, ultrasonic nozzles, etc., can be used to spray and dry the aqueous dispersion into the air stream. The feed rate, feed viscosity, the required particle size for spraying the dried product, the titer of the aqueous dispersion, etc. are factors that can generally be considered when selecting a spraying device. The size and shape of the tank, the number and type of spraying devices, and other typical operating parameters can be selected using the common sense of those skilled in the art to adapt to the dryer conditions.

This paper size applies to China ^^ 71 ^ 77 ^ 97 mm) 561170 Μ B7 V. Description of the invention (29) Although a closed-cycle spray dryer can be used, an open-cycle spray-drying system is preferred. The airflow can be co-current, convective or mixed, and co-cleaning is preferred. The hot or inlet gas may be any gas that does not react with the feed and / or spray dry polymer ^ to form an explosive mixture. Suitable gases as the inlet gas are those known to those skilled in the art, which include air, nitrogen, and other gases that do not cause undesired polymer degradation or pollution, and preferably contain about 20% or less oxygen. A gas of about 15% or less oxygen is preferred. Most preferably, an inert gas such as nitrogen, helium, etc. containing about 5% or less of oxygen should be used. The dried polymer can be collected by various devices, such as simple outlets, sorting cones, bag filters, etc., or the polymer can be further dried, such as by a fluid bed, or cohesive. The device for collecting the dried polymer product is not critical. Economy 'that printed by the staff of the Central Bureau of Standards. There are four relevant operating parameters in this spray drying method: gas inlet temperature, gas outlet temperature, product volatiles, and between drying. The outlet temperature should normally be about ⑴. c or lower, preferably medium or lower, and more preferably lower than 100. (:, Even more preferably about 95 ° C or lower, most preferably about 90 ° C or lower. The outlet temperature is usually about 7 ° (° (or higher, preferably about 75 ° C or higher). Therefore, the outlet temperature should generally be about 70 ° to about 150 ° C, preferably about 7 ° (rc to about 120 ° :, more preferably about 701 to less than 100 ° C, and even more preferably about 70 °). r to about 95 ° C: optimally about C to about 90 ° C. In specific cases, an outlet temperature below 70 τ is appropriate, although usually it is less favorable. For example, in the cost savings, long stay Spray drying with time, high gas flow rate, and low outlet temperature. Generally, the dryer should be operated at the lowest possible outlet temperature consistent with a satisfactory product. -32- "Applicable to Zhang's scale (CNS) 561170 A7 ______B7 5 Explanation of the invention (30) The inlet temperature, feed rate, and composition of the aqueous dispersion can all affect the outlet temperature. These temperatures can be changed to provide the desired outlet temperature. The feed rate is not critical and is usually considered dry The size of the device and the gas flow rate are changed. The temperature of the inlet gas is less strict than the temperature of the outlet gas. And usually about 14 ° C or more, preferably about 60 ° C or more. The inlet gas temperature is preferably about 200 ° C or less and more preferably about 180 ° C or less. Therefore, the more A good inlet gas temperature range is about 14 (rc to about 200r, more preferably about 160 C to about 180 ° C. A suitable inlet gas temperature tends to avoid product degradation on the high side and inappropriateness on the low end. Drying. The residence time printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy is the nominal 値 obtained by dividing the volume of the dryer by the volume gas flow rate. The residence time is usually at least about 8 seconds, preferably at least about 0 seconds. The residence time usually does not exceed About i 2 seconds, preferably no more than about 90 seconds, more preferably no more than about 60 seconds, and most preferably no more than about 30 seconds. Therefore, the general range of the residence time is about 8 to about 1 20 seconds, preferably from about 10 to about 90 seconds, more preferably from about 10 to about 60 seconds, and most preferably from about 10 to about 30 seconds. Those skilled in the art know that when using Larger dryers, or dryers that are more efficient, expect longer residence times For example, when saving costs, a long stopping time is expected at very low inlet temperatures and slow gas flow rates. Actually, the residence time used in the present invention can be changed from the above, depending on the size and type of spray dryer used , Operating efficiency, and other operating parameters. Therefore, the dwell time specified here can be modified using common knowledge of those skilled in the art to adapt to the dryer conditions. When manufactured in accordance with the spray drying method disclosed herein, the The diameter of the polymer particles is usually about 10 microns or larger, preferably about 40 microns. 561170 A7 B7 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (31) Larger, more preferably about 100 microns. Or larger, preferably about 200 microns or larger. Preferably, the polymer particles are non-dusting. The problem of trituration and flow rate generally worsens when the polymer particles are small, so larger polymer particles are usually desired. However, very large particles may dissolve more slowly. Therefore, it is generally desirable that the polymer particles have a diameter of about 1200 microns or less, preferably about 800 microns or less in diameter, more preferably about 600 microns or less, and most preferably about 400 microns or less smaller. Generally, at least about 90% of the polymer particles range in size from about 10 microns to about 12,000 microns, preferably at least about 95%, and more preferably at least about 98%. The size of the polymer particles can be changed slightly by changing operating parameters, such as spray configuration, viscosity of the aqueous dispersion, feed rate, etc. Particles can be substantially spherical or non-spherical; the "diameter" of non-spherical particles is the size along the major axis. Although in some cases, polymer particles have at least one opening in their wall2 Porosity Structure, it has been found that these characteristics are not always necessary to obtain particles with the desired properties, for example, fast dissolution time. In many cases, spray drying required to make a hollow, porous structure with at least one opening in its wall Parameters such as nozzle type, nozzle size, outlet temperature, etc. are inconvenient or uneconomical, and it is advantageous to manufacture particles lacking some or none of these characteristics. Particles formed by the spray drying method of the present invention can be filtered to remove excessively large particles Or too small a part injury. Too large particles can be, for example, ground and broken, while too small particles are usually agglomerated. The size can be determined by methods known to those skilled in the art, such as screening, filtration, light scattering, microscopy, microscopy Image analysis, etc. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)

561170 A7

Surprisingly, the bulk viscosity of the spray-dried polymer particles of the present invention is generally greater than the bulk viscosity of the dry polymer prepared by precipitation, for example, a water-in-oil emulsion of the same polymer. Polymers with greater density are advantageous because they occupy a smaller volume, resulting in, for example, lower shipping and storage costs. While the density of the precipitated polymer is usually less than about 0.35 grams per cubic centimeter (g / ce), the bulk density of the spray-dried polymer particles of the present invention is usually about 0.35 grams / cc or more, preferably about 0.4 grams / cc or greater, more preferably about 0.45 g / cc or greater, and most preferably about 0.50 g / cc or greater. The spray density of the present invention; the bulk density of the dried polymer particles is usually about 1 g / 0.00 or less, preferably about 1.0 g / cc or less, more preferably about 0.95 g / c. C or less' is preferably about 0.90 g / C c or less. Therefore, the bulk density of the spray-dried polymer particles of the present invention typically ranges from about 0.35 to about 1 g / cc, preferably about 0.4 to about 1.0 g / cc, and more preferably about 0.45 to About 0.95 g / cc, most preferably about 0.50 to about 0.90 g / cc. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Under the drying conditions described herein, the polymer particles produced by the method described herein are substantially dry. The term "substantially dry" used herein to describe the polymer produced generally means that the polymer contains about 12% or less volatiles based on the weight of the spray-dried polymer, preferably about 0% by weight or less. . The polymer usually contains volatiles at about 2% or more, preferably about 5% or more by weight based on the total weight. Volatile matter was measured by measuring the weight loss of the polymer product at about 105 ° C for about 30 minutes. It has also been found that cohesion of the polymer particles of the present invention can improve the flow properties and dissolution time of the polymer. Cohesion is a known method to increase particle size, and various methods of cohesion of particles are known to those skilled in the art. For example, __ -35- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 male thin ) 561170 V. Description of the invention (33)

Wolfgang Pietsch, "Successful Use of Enlarged Cohesion", Engineering Welfare, April 1996, pp. 29-45; Peter Koenig, "Using Fast Stirring and Short Residence Time to Accelerate Continuous Mixing Cohesion", Power and Bulk Engineering, February 1996, pp. 67-84. The known cohesion methods such as natural cohesion, mechanical cohesion rolling or growth cohesion, pressure cohesion, non-adhesion cohesion, cohesion with adhesive, etc. can be used to cohes the polymer particles of the present invention . The cohesion can then be dried, as appropriate, e.g., a fluid bed, to remove the binder, e.g., water. Pressure cohesion is preferred, and mechanical cohesion using a water binder followed by fluid bed drying is best. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. When the polymer particles are not cohesive, the polymer formed by cohesion of the polymer particles of the present invention tends to have improved flow properties and rapid dissolution time. Preferably, the cohesion is non-dusting. Generally speaking, about 90% of the present invention polymer has about 120 microns or more, preferably about 160 microns or more, more preferably about 200 microns or more, and most preferably about 300. Micron or larger adhesive size. Generally, about 90% of the adhesive polymer has about 15,000 microns or less, preferably about 1 200 microns or less, more preferably about 500 microns or less, and most preferably about 1000 Micron or smaller adhesive size. Therefore, about 90%, preferably 95% of the adhesive polymer has a range of about 120 to about 1 500 microns, preferably about χ 600 to about 200 microns, and more preferably about 200. Micron to about 1 100 microns, and preferably from about 300 to about 1000 microns. Generally, at least about 5% of the polymer is preferably at least about 10%, most preferably about 15%, and greater than about 900 microns. The adhesive polymer formed by agglomerating the spray-dried particles of the present invention can be filtered to remove excessive or excessive -36- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Central Standard of the Ministry of Economy Printed by the Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives 561170 A7 --- B7 V. Small part of the description of the invention (34). Preferably, the adhesive polymer is removed by, for example, filtration, greater than about 12,000 microns and less than about 175 microns. Too large agglomerates are usually comminuted by, for example, grinding, while too small agglomerates are usually recycled to the agglomerator. The bulk density 黏 of the viscous polymer in the present invention tends to be lower than the bulk density 値 of the spray-dried particles formed therefrom. The bulk density of the adhesive polymer of the present invention is usually about 0.35 g / cc or more, preferably about 0.4 g / cc or more, more preferably about 0.45 g / cc or more, and most preferably about 0.05 g / cc or more. The bulk density of the adhesive polymer of the present invention is usually about 0 g / cc or less, preferably about 0.95 g / cc or less, more preferably about 0.9 g / cc or less, and most preferably It is about 0.8 5 g / cc or less. Therefore, the bulk density of the adhesive polymer of the present invention usually ranges from about 0.35 to about 1.0 g / cc, preferably about 0.4 to about 0.95 g / cc, and more preferably about 0.45. To about 0.90 g / cc, and most preferably about 0.5 to about 0.85 g / cc. In order to obtain a cohesive polymer of a preferred size, it is preferred that the polymer particles themselves have a cohesive size. Cohesion obviously tends to double the average particle size, making it often easier to cause a large increase in particle size rather than a small increase in particle size. Therefore, in order to produce a preferred size or range of size, it is generally preferred to agglomerate particles that are much smaller than the desired size of the polymer, rather than just slightly smaller particles. Cohesive particles are generally those that can be easily cohesived to produce a &lt; adhesive having a better size. Larger particles can be agglomerated to make larger than desired cohesives &apos; and then oversized cohesives are removed as described above, but less well. The substantially dry polymer particles and adhesive polymers of the present invention typically comprise a polymer contained in a spray-dried aqueous dispersion, as discussed above. (Please read the precautions on the back before this page} Book-Order -37-

561170 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (on) The side of the aqueous dispersion of the present invention is advantageous because it is generally 90% or more, preferably 95% or more Most preferably, substantially all of the generated dried polymer particles each contain two or more water-soluble or water-swellable acetamido-addition polymers, so that the strait effect can be reduced. When two different dry polymers with different particle sizes or particle size distributions are blended together, the effect may occur due to the tendency of larger particles to condense toward the bottom of the container. The strait effect during storage may affect the properties of the blended product, as the top of the trough will tend to become richer in polymers with smaller particle sizes. For this obvious reason, changes in product properties as a function of storage depth can be avoided, and it is generally preferred that the polymers in the blend have similar particle sizes, for example, see EP 479 6 1 6 A1 patent and US patent 5 2 1 3 693. Dry blends of two different polymers tend to exhibit greater strait effects than the dry blends obtained by spray drying the aqueous dispersion, since most of the spray-dried polymer particles of the present invention contain two or more More water-soluble or water-swellable vinyl-addition polymers. Surprisingly, the spray-dried aqueous dispersions of the present invention tend to dissolve faster than polymers obtained by spray-drying a conventional polymer-like water-in-oil emulsion. Suspension of solid ancestors can be dehydrated by a method which comprises an aqueous dispersion of an effective amount of a polymer mixed with each other, or an aqueous blend thereof, a suspension with a dispersed solid, and the dispersed solid The suspension is dehydrated. As described above, the substantially dry polymer derived from the aqueous dispersion of the present invention can also be used to dehydrate suspended solids. For example, a suspension of dispersed solids can be dehydrated by a method comprising mixing effective amounts of a substantially dry water-soluble or water-swellable polymer with each other, and a suspension of dispersed solids, and (b) suspending the dispersed solids. _-38- This paper size is suitable for towel standard (CNS) A4 size (2K) × 297 male Chu ------- (Please read the precautions on the back before this page)

1T B7 V. Description of the invention (36) Liquid dehydration. Preferably, the water of the dry polymer is mixed with the dry polymer or the aqueous dispersion and water: more = the polymer or the aqueous dispersion is mixed with water to form a dilute polymerized solution: an effective amount of the dry polymer or the aqueous dispersion Methods known in this art are sufficient, preferably by periodic laboratory or processing experiments. Examples of suspensions of dispersed solids that can be dehydrated by the present invention are dewatering of urban disc industrial waste, purification and coagulation of primary and secondary industrial and urban waste, portable water purification, and the like. Because of the advantageous state of the present invention, for example, it is essentially oil-free, a minimal amount of inactive diluent, little or no surfactant, etc. The polymer is particularly suitable for situations where some or all of the dehydrated solids or purified water is returned to the environment, Such as silt compost, silt land application, fertilizer application granulation, purified water release or recycling, paper making, etc. Other applications marked by the favorable state of the present invention include soil damage improvement, reforestation, corrosion control, seed protection / growth, etc., among which aqueous dispersions or dry polymers, preferably their aqueous admixtures, are advantageously applied to soil in. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, other examples of suspensions of dehydrated dispersed solids found in the present invention can be found in the field of papermaking. For example, aqueous dispersions or dry polymers can be used as retention aids, drainage aids, formulation aids Agent, cleaning agent / thickener / drainage manufacturing additive (DNT pulp refining application), charge control agent, thickener, or used for purification, pulp refining, pulp refining treatment, water purification, coagulation, color removal, Or silt dehydration. The polymers of the invention can also be used in oil well applications such as petroleum refining, waste purification, waste dewatering and oil removal. The dewatering and purification applications of the aqueous dispersion and the dried polymer of the present invention can also be found in the field of food processing, including waste dewatering, preferably poultry, -39- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X29 * 7 mm)

丄 i / U Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (38) Example 1 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 17.10 parts of deionized water and 9 parts by adding dimethylamine methacrylate A 40% aqueous solution of a polymer (poly (DMAEM.MeCl)) having a weight average molecular weight of about 200,000 was obtained by polymerizing a methyl gas quaternary salt of methyl ethyl ester. After the dissolution is completed, 7.08 parts of a 53.64% aqueous solution of acrylamide (AMD) and 14.56 parts of 72.80% of dimethyl sulfate of diethylaminoethyl acrylate (0.88.0.88) are added and mixed. Solution. To this mixture was added and mixed 8.1% of ammonium sulfate, 0.7 parts of citric acid, and 2.0 2 parts of a 1% solution of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium salt (EDTA). The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 1.44 parts of a 1% aqueous solution of 2,2 '· azobis (2-methylamidino-propane) dihydrochloride (V-50). The reaction mixture was heated to 40 ° C for 2 hours and then raised to 50 ° C and held for another 8 hours. Conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity (BV) of the dispersion is 2 250 centipoise (c p s), which shows better fluidity, as measured by Brookfield viscosity meter, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rp m at 25 ° C. This dispersion dissolves to produce a standard viscosity (SV) of 2.56 cps. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs. Examples 2-8 In the same manner as in Example 1, another aqueous dispersion was prepared, which shows the effects of various polymers and ammonium sulfate content on body viscosity, as shown in Table 1. _-41-This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) V. Description of invention (39 Table A7 B7

Printed by the Economics and Standards Bureau Consumer Consumption Cooperative Example 9 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 7 2.60 parts of deionized water and 3.0 parts of polymer. (DMAEM. MeCl) in a 40% aqueous solution with a weight average molecular weight of about 222,600. After the dissolution was completed, 24.3 7 parts of a 53.3% aqueous solution of acrylamide and 45.93 parts of a 0 / 80.01 ^ 790 / 〇 aqueous solution were added and mixed. A 1% solution of 3 1.9 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.57 parts of citric acid, and 6.9 parts of EDTA was vigorously poured into this mixture. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The container is sealed and ventilated with nitrogen 3 0 -42 This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) 561170 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed and invented (40 knives 4 miles) Polymerization was started by adding 4 · 3 parts of a 1% solution of V-50. The reaction mixture was heated to 4 ° C for 2 hours and then increased and maintained at 5 ° C for 4 hours. The overall conversion was too high. 99% Fluid aqueous dispersion. The bulk viscosity (BV) of the dispersion is about 1460 cps, which shows better fluidity, as measured by Brookfield viscosity meter, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 2 5 C. This dispersion is dissolved An s V of 2: 400 ps was produced. Examples 1 0-3 3 An additional aqueous dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9, which confirmed that the total polymer solids, the first cationic property of the second cationic polymer, The effects of the ratio, the molecular weight of the first cationic polymer, and the ammonium sulfate content on the bulk viscosity (BV) of the aqueous dispersion are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Example No. 1 ~ Total solid first polymer second polymerization Polymer second polymer% BV SV-% solids , S% solids] S MW • salt (cps) (cps) 9 28 22.4 5.6 222,600 14.5 1,460 2.40 -43- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297) Chu 561170 7 Β V. Invention Note (41) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 10 28 22.4 5.6 194,000 14.5 2,250 2.52 11 28 22.4 5.6 199,300 14.5 1,440 2.52 12 28 22.4 5.6 172,870 14.5 2,940 2.61 13 28 22.4 5.6 221,500 14.5 1,970 2.52 14 28 22.4 5.6 .159,000 14.5 2,740 2.59 15 28 22.4 5.6-145,000 14.5 2,920 2.65 16 28 22.4 5.6 199,300 14.5 2,150 2.86 17 30 24 6 242,900 13.5 2,620 2.49 18 30 24 6 '230,600 13.5 3,710 2.4 19 30 24 6 230,600 14 2,200 2.39 20 30 24 6 230,600 14.5 1,800 2.54 21 30 24 6 230,600 15 3,260 2.49 22 28 22.4 5.6 230,600 15 982 2.49 • 23 28 22.4 5.6 230,600 15.5 900 2.45 24 28 23.5 4.5 230,600 15.5 1,380 2.77 25 27 22.66 4.34 230,600 15.5 1,600 2.61 26 27 22.66 4.34 230,600 16 1,770 2.82 27 30 .24 6 230,600 14.5 1,770 2.43 28 28 22.4 5.6 230,600 15.5 1,820 2.56 29 28 22.4 5.6 230,600 16 3,120 2.44 30 28 23 5 230,600 15 1,620 2.5 -44- Paper size Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

1T 561170 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (42) 31 28 23 5 230,600 15.5 962 2.67-32 28 23 5 230,600 16 1,500 2.59 33 28 22.4 5.6 230,600 15.5 1,200 2.51 Proceeding except using a poly (DMAEM.MeCl) having a weight average molecular weight of about 3 95,000. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 5100 cps, which shows better fluidity, as measured by Brookfield viscosity meter, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C. This dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 2 3 5 cps. Example 35 This polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 34 except that 2.46 parts of a 10% glycerol solution was added. The polymerization proceeded smoothly. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 37000 cps, as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, measured at 30 ° C, which shows improved fluidity. Compared with Example 34, the body viscosity was greatly reduced. The effect of reducing the viscosity of the solid glycerol additive printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs was demonstrated. This dispersion was dissolved to produce SV of Z 2.35 cps. Example 36 6 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical locator, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple, and a nitrogen inlet tube was charged with 3 9.73 parts of deionized water and 30% by 4% polymer. (DMAEM. MeC1) and a weight average molecular weight of about 39.5 million. Rong Er Wan -45- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297) ------__ Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (43)

After the completion, 23.7 7 parts of a 3.57% aqueous solution of propylammonium, 45.20 parts of a 80% aqueous solution of DEAEA.DMS, and 38.7 parts of a 1% aqueous solution of acrylamide third butyl ester were added and mixed. To this mixture was added and mixed 4 9.2 8 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.57 parts of citric acid, and 3.45 parts of 2% £ 0. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 2 · 46 parts of 2% V · 50. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours, and then to 50 ° C for another 4 hours. The overall conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion was about 190 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C, which showed improved fluidity compared to Example 34 and confirmed the addition Effect of the hydrophobic repeating units of tert-butyl allylamine. This aqueous dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 2.32 cps. Example 7 7 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, thermocouple, and nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 78.84 parts of deionized water and 30.1 parts of 41% poly (DMAEM.MeCl) The weight average molecular weight is about 3 9 5,000. After the dissolution was completed, 20.5 parts of acrylamide 5 3. 5 7 ° / were added and mixed. Aqueous solution, 42.73 parts of DEAEA.DMS in 80% aqueous solution, and 4.84 parts of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate in benzyl chloride quaternary salt (DMAEA.BzCl) in 80% aqueous solution. To this mixture was added and mixed 49.2 8 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.57 parts of citric acid, and 3.45 parts of 2% EDTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 2.46 parts of 2% V-50. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours, then raised and maintained at 50 ° C for 4 hours. The overall conversion rate is greater than 99%.得 -46- I paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (44 to stable fluid aqueous dispersion. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 3 8 4 0 cps, such as Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C Measured, it shows better fluidity. Dissolution of the dispersion produces an SV of 2.14 cp s. Example 3 8 Appropriate container with heating or cooling jacket + Mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, thermocouple and nitrogen inlet Tube. The container is filled with 294.47 parts of deionized water and 117.60 parts of poly (DMAEM.MeCl) 40% aqueous solution with a weight average molecular weight of about 210,000. After the dissolution is completed, 94.03 parts of acrylamide 52.77% aqueous solution and 173.1 are added and mixed 8 parts of DEAEA.DMS in 80% aqueous solution. To this mixture was added and mixed 1 3 0.20 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.83 parts of citric acid, and 13. 17 parts of 2% EDTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3 Seal and ventilate with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then start polymerization by adding 7.5 3 parts of l% V-50. The reaction mixture was maintained at 4 ° C for 2 hours and then increased and maintained at 50 ° C for 4 hours. Overall conversion More than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion is obtained. The bulk viscosity of the dispersion is about 7 60 cps. As measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 2 5 Ό, it shows better fluidity. The dispersion dissolves to produce an SV of 2.5 2 cps. Example 3 9 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 63. 1 8 parts of deionized water and 3 0.8 parts of poly (DMAEM.MeCl) 40% aqueous solution, weight average The molecular weight is about 23 0,600. After dissolving, add and mix 27.96 parts of acrylamide (AMD) 5 3.3 3% water-soluble -47 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Please read first Note on ij Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 561170 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (45) solution, 26 · 02 parts of DE AE A. DMS 80% aqueous solution, and 1 6.94 parts of propionate di 80% aqueous solution of methyl chloride quaternary salt of methylaminoethyl acetate (DMAEA.MeCl). To this mixture was added and mixed 4 0.7 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.57 parts of citric acid, and 6.9 parts of 1%. EDTA. The pH of the mixture is about 3.3. The container is sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, then by Into 493 parts of 1% V - 5 0 to start the polymerization reaction mixture is increased to 4 billion ° C 2 hours and then kept at improving and 5 0 ° C 4 hours. The overall conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion was about 3 840 cps, as measured by Brookdale viscometer's No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 C, which showed good fluidity. The dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 2.14 cps. Examples 4 0-4 2 Polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Example 39 except that the body viscosity was adjusted by changing the content of ammonium sulfate, as shown in Table 3. These examples demonstrate that aqueous dispersions with low body viscosity and high polymer solids can be prepared. The first cationic polymer is a DMAEM.MeCl / DEAEA.DMS / AMD terpolymer. Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs for consumer cooperation in printing—-48- This standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 561170 A7 —_____ B7 V. Description of the invention (46) Table 3 * Example number •% total solids. First polymer second polymer% *% solids% solids. Salt. BV (cps) SV (cps) 39 28 22.4 5.6 18.5 2,620 2.99 40 28 22.4 5.6 18 4,310 2.96-41 28 22.4 5.6 19 1,820 2.65 42 28 22.4 5.6 19.5 2,000 2.62 (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Example printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 3 Equipped with a jacket for heating or cooling, mechanical beater Appropriate containers of reflux condenser, thermocouple and nitrogen inlet pipe are filled with 260.35 parts of deionized water and H7.6 parts of poly (DMAEM.MeCl) in 40% aqueous solution, and the weight average molecular weight is about 21.0, 0 0. After the dissolution was completed, 107.8 g 9 parts of a 52.77% aqueous solution of acrylamide, 99.3 5 parts 0 80% of 80.01 ^ 3 80% aqueous solution, and 64.68 parts of DMAEA.MeCl 80% aqueous solution were added and mixed. To this mixture was added and mixed 2 7 1.9 2 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.83 parts of citric acid, and 13.17 parts of 2% EDTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 7.53 parts of 2.5% V-50. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours, then raised and maintained at 50 ° C for 4 hours. The overall conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 1 240 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C, -49-This paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) 561170 Μ B7 V. Description of the invention (47) It shows good fluidity. The dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 2.74 cps. Example 4 4 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 18.86 parts of deionized water and 9 parts of poly (DMAEM. MeCl) in a 40% aqueous solution, and the weight average molecular weight was about 200,0. 0 0. After the dissolution was completed, 4 · 39 parts of a 53.64% aqueous solution of acrylamide and 15 · 19 parts of a DE · AE A. D Ms 7 · 3% aqueous solution were added and mixed. To this mixture were added and mixed 8.4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.7 parts of citric acid, and 2.0 parts of 1% E DTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 1.44 parts of 1% V-50. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours, then raised and maintained at 50 ° C. 〇 8 hours. The conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 850 cps, as measured in Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25. (: Measured, it shows better fluidity. Dissolution of the dispersion produces an SV of 2.27 cps. Examples 4 5-4 9 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to prepare another aqueous dispersion in the same way as in Example 44 In addition to confirming the effect of the ratio of the first-cationic to the second cationic polymer and the effect of the salt content on the body viscosity of the dispersion, as shown in Table 4. 'Paper size it financial standard (CNS) A4 specification (50- 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (48) Table 4 J. Example number% Total solids First polymer Second polymer%% Solids •% Sesalt. BV (cpsj SV (cps) 44 30 24 6 14 852 2.27 45 30 24 .6 12 2,400 2.19 46 30 24 1 6 13 1,100 2.34 47 30 24 6 15 1,770 2.35 48 30 25 5 13 1,260 2.45 49 30 25 5 14 4,750 2.4 50 30 24 6 &quot; 14 780 2.2 (Please read the back first Please fill in this page again) * The molecular weight of the second polymer is about 222,600. Example 5 1 Printed with a mechanical stirrer and reflowed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Appropriate containers for condenser and nitrogen inlet tube are filled with 92.9 parts of deionized water and 30.1 parts of poly (〇1 ^ 厶 £ 1 ^ .1 ^ (: 1) 41% aqueous solution, weight average molecular weight about 3 9 5, 0 0 0. After the dissolution is complete, add and mix 15.0 · 3 parts of acrylamide in a 5 3_57% aqueous solution and 5 1.5 parts of DEAEA · DMS in an 80% aqueous solution. Add and mix the present compound 2 2 parts of sodium sulfate, 2.5 7 parts of citric acid, and 3.4 5 parts of 2% EDTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and ventilated with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then added by adding 2. 4 6 parts of 2% V_ 50 0 and polymerization began. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours, and then raised and maintained at 50 ° C for 4 hours. The overall conversion rate was -51. Two paper standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 210X297 Gongyi '561170 A7 B7 _ V. Description of the invention (49) is greater than 9 9%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion is obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 1 1 0 0 cps. As measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 Mandrel, measured at 25 rpm at 30 rpm. The dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 2.19 cps. This example confirms the effect of sodium sulfate. Example 5 2 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple, and a nitrogen inlet tube was charged with 17.5 7 parts of deionized water and 9 parts of poly (0 ^ 1 £ 1 .. ^^ (: 1) 40% aqueous solution, weight average molecular weight is about 2 0, 0 0. After dissolution is completed, add and mix 4.7 7 parts of acrylamide 5 3.6 4% aqueous solution, 12 parts of DEAEA. DMS 7 9.3% 7jc solution and 2.91 parts of 80% aqueous solution of DMAEA · MeCl. 9.6 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.7 parts of citric acid, and 2.02 parts of 1% EDTA are added and mixed. The pH of the mixture is about 3.3. Container Seal and ventilate with nitrogen for 30 minutes, then start polymerization by adding 1.44 parts of 1% V-50. The reaction mixture is increased to 40 I for 2 hours, then increased and maintained at 50 ° C for 4 hours. Overall conversion More than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion is obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 8,000 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C. 'It shows good Fluidity. Dispersion dissolves to produce an SV of 2.3 cps. Employees' cooperation with the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing Example 5 3-80 0 Polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Example 52. It was confirmed that the total polymer solids, the first cationic polymer composition (with respect to% AMD,% DEAEA.DMS and DMAEA in the monomer feed) .MeCl, the ratio of the first cationic to the second cationic polymer, and the effect of the ammonium sulfate content on the body viscosity of the aqueous dispersion, as shown in Table 5. ___ -52- This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) M size (210 X 297 mm) 561170

7 B V. Description of the invention (50) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

Table 5%%%% Total solids first:% • 巳 SV NO. AMD 0EAEA.0MS OMAEA.M〇CI •% solids% solid salt (cps) (cps)-52 45 40 15 30 24 6 16 802 Z3 53 45 40 15 30 24 6 12 200,000+ 2.4 54 45 40 15 30 24 6 13 30,900 2.35-55 45 40 15 30 24 6 14 4,410 2.35 56 45 40 15 30 24 6 15 1,080 2.42 57 45 40 15 30 24 6 17 1,820 2.32 58 45 40 15 30 24 6 18 15,800 2.2 59 45 40 15 30 24 6 19 200,000+ 60 45 40 15 30 25 5 15 1,940 2.45 61 45 40 15 30 25 5 16 1,260 2.49 62 45 40 15 30 25 5 17 6,010 2.4 63 45 35 20 30 24 6 15 3,120 2.19 64 45 35 20 30 24 6 16 1,340 2.24 65 45 35 20 30 24 6 17 1,140 2.32 66 45 30 25 30 24 6 16 170,000 1.82 67 45 30 25 30 24 6 17 1,890 2.44 68 45 30 25 30 24 6 18 1,400 2.35 69 45 20 35 29.3 23.44 5.86 18 200,000+ -53- Available in this paper size National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (51) 70 45 71 45 20 Hundred 35 29.3 23.44 5.86 18.5 2,900 2.4 35 29.3 23.44 5.86 19 6,600 2.24 72 45 45 28.5 22.8 5.7 18 200,000+ 2.35 73 45 45 28.5 22.8 5.7 200,000+ 2.34 74 45 45 28 28 22.4 5.6 19.6 200,000+ 2.5 Please read the precautions of back © + 2.2 pages 76 45 20 35 29 23.2 5.8 18.5 5,540 2.27 77 45 20 35 29 23.2 5.8 19 3,570 2.47 78 45 20 35 28.523.2 5.8 6,350 2.35 79 45 20 35 28.5 23.2 5.8 18.5 3,060 2.4 45 20 35 28.5 23.2 5.8 200,000 + 2.39 Example printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 8 1 An appropriate container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple and a nitrogen inlet tube is filled with 89 parts of deionized water and 2.0 parts of poly ( DMAEM. MeCl) in 40% aqueous solution with a weight average molecular weight of about 190,00. After dissolution, 30.96 parts of a 52.77% aqueous solution of acrylamide and 2 1.38 parts of DEAEA.DMS 80% aqueous solution were added and mixed. To this mixture was added and mixed 4 9.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.5 7 parts of citric acid, and 2.34 parts of 1% E D T A. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 3.3 4 parts of l% V-50. The reaction mixture is increased to 54- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 6 5 Γν A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (52) 4 0 ° C 2 hours and then raised and maintained at 50 ° C 4 hours. The combined conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion was about 280 cp s. As measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 r p m at 25 ° C, it showed good fluidity. Dissolution of the dispersion produces S V of 1.60 cps. Examples 8 2-9 7 Polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Example 81. Demonstration of clamp agent (EDTA) concentration, chain transfer agent (lactic acid), first cationic polymer composition (about% AMD,% DEAEA.DMS and% DMAEA.MeCl in the monomer feed), first cationic pair The effects of the ratio of the second cationic polymer and the ammonium sulfate content on the standard viscosity and the body viscosity are shown in Table 6. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -55- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 561170 Printed by the Consumer Bureau of Standards Bureau A7 B7 V. Description of invention (53) Table 6%%%%% Total solid first polymerized lactic acid ΕΓΓΑ% BV sv NO · AMD DEAEA.DMS DMAEA.MeCl% solid% solid (ppra) SALT (cp «) (cp * J 81 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0 1400 22.5 280 1.6 82 80 20 20 16 4 0 1400 20 142,000 1 ^ 2 83 80 20 20 16 4 0 1400 22.5 840 1.6 84 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.25 1400 22.5 200 2.05 85 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.5 1400 22.5 100 1.67-86 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.75 1400 22.5 200 1.87 87 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0 2000 22.5 280 1.61 88 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0 3000 22.5 4,800 1.81 89 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.25 2000 22.5 270 1.99 90 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.5 2000 22.5 2,00 0 2.47 91 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 · 0.5 2000 22.5 140 2.1 92 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.5 2000 22.5 640 2.45 93 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.65 2000 22.5 360 2.4 94 80 20 19 15.2 3.8 0.75 2000 22.5 225 2.35 • 95 80 10 10 19 15.2 3.8 0 1400 22.5 760 2.09 96 80 10 10 19 15.2 3.8 0.25 1400 22.5 460 2.86-97 60 10 10 19 15.2 3.8 0.5 1400 22.5 340 2.74 * The molecular weight of the second polymer is approximately 222,600. -56- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

、 1T This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (54) Example 9 8 Equipped with a mechanical cooling valve, reflux condenser, thermocouple and nitrogen inlet pipe A suitable container was filled with 87.97 parts of deionized water and 29.9 parts of poly (DMAEM.MeCl) in a 40% aqueous solution, with a weight average molecular weight of about 19,000. After the dissolution is complete, add and mix 3 3.9 9 parts of acrylamide 5 2.7 7% aqueous solution, 1174 parts of DEAEA.DMS 80% 7jc solution and 7.64 parts. Add and mix 4 9.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.57 parts of citric acid, and 2.34 parts of 2% EDTA into this mixture. The pH of the mixture is about 3.3. Seal the container and ventilate with nitrogen for 30 minutes, then add 2 by adding · 34 parts of 1% V-50 to start polymerization. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours and then raised and maintained at 50.04 hours. The overall conversion was greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is approximately 760 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25. (: Measured. The dispersion dissolves to produce an SV of 0.99 cps. Example 9 9-1 0 0 Polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Example 9 7. The effect of the chain transfer agent (lactic acid) concentration on body viscosity was confirmed, as shown in Table 7. Table 7 Please read the back note first

I% Printed on this page and printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ~~: —: — — — Example Number% Total Solids. First Polymer Second Polymer Lactic Acid I%% Solid ·% Solid i% Salt BV SV (cps) 98 19 15.2 3.8 0 22.5 760 2.09 99 19 15.2 3.8 * 0.25 22.5 460 2: 86 100 19 15.2 3.8 0.5 22.5 340 2.74 • 57- This paper rule Qiancai Guanjia County 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (55) Example 1 1 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 82.15 parts of deionized water and 30.8 parts of poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride). ) (Poly (DADMAC)) 20% aqueous solution, the weight average molecular weight is about 28.9, 0 0. After the dissolution was completed, 4 8 · 2 4 parts of acrylamide 52.77% aqueous solution and 13.2 parts of DEAE A · DMS 80% aqueous solution were added and mixed. To this mixture was added and mixed 49.5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2.57 parts of citric acid, 1.67 parts of 10% lactic acid, and 3.34 parts of 2% EDT A. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 3.34 parts of 1% V-50. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours and then raised and maintained at 50 ° C for 4 hours. The combined conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion was about 960 cp s. As measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C, it showed better fluidity. Dissolution of the dispersion produced an SV of 3.67 cps. This example demonstrates an aqueous dispersion having poly (DADMAC) as the second cationic polymer. Example 1 2 Printed in a suitable container with heating or cooling jacket, mechanical stirrer, reflux condenser, thermocouple, and nitrogen inlet tube, 262.6 parts of deionized water and 47.4 parts of polymer (DMAEM.MeCl)) in 40% aqueous solution with a weight average molecular weight of about 41,500, and 92.6 parts of poly (DMAEM.MeCl) in a 40% aqueous solution with a weight average molecular weight of about 25,000. After the dissolution was completed, 8 · 8 parts of acrylamide in a 5 3 ″ 2% aqueous solution and 1 3 3.9 parts of diethylaminoethyl acrylate methyl chloride quaternary salt were added and mixed (0 £ 8 £ 8. " ^ (： 1) of 72.6% water-soluble __ -58- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) a4 specification (21〇X: Z97 mm) 561170 A7 _______ B7__ V. Description of the invention (56). Here Add and mix 1 4 4 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2 64 4 parts of citric acid, and 14.4 parts of 1% EDTA. The pH of the mixture is about 3.3. The vessel is sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, then 14.4 parts are added by adding 2% V-50 to start polymerization. The reaction mixture was increased and maintained at 40-4 56 hours. The conversion rate was greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion was about 2,200 cps. Field viscometer, No. 4 mandrel, measured at 30 rpm at 25 ° C. The dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 3.31 cps. This example demonstrates an aqueous dispersion with a third cationic polymer. Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as 02, except that a single polymer having a weight average molecular weight of about 1,500,000 was used. Poly (DMAEM.MeCl) replaces two poly (DMAEM.MeCl). The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 8,000 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity meter, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C, it shows Better fluidity. Dissolution of the dispersion produces SV of 2.45 cps 0 Example 1 0 4 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, equipped with a jacket for heating or cooling, a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, a thermocouple and a nitrogen inlet tube A suitable container is filled with 23.8 parts of deionized water and 25.3 parts of poly (DADMAC)) in 20% aqueous solution, with a weight average molecular weight of about 289,000. After dissolution is completed, 79 parts of acrylamide 5 3 · 1% aqueous solution and 1 1.3 parts of a 77.9% DEAEA.MeCl aqueous solution. 18 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1.08 parts of citric acid, 0.37 parts of 5% EDTA, and 0.9 parts of glycerin were added and mixed in this mixture. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3 The container was sealed and ventilated with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then the -59- ^ paper standard was added to the Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) &quot; &quot; 561170 Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing A7 ----B7 five 4. Description of the invention (57) 1.3 parts of l% V-50 and polymerization was started. This temperature was maintained for 2 hours and then increased to 50 ° C and maintained at this temperature for 8 hours. The residual acrylamide content is about 2.9 million parts per million (ppm). A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion was about 2,950 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel '3 0 r p m at 2 5 t, which showed better fluidity. The dispersion was dissolved to produce an SV of 2.47 cps. Examples 105-108 were polymerized in the same manner as in Example 104 except that the poly (DADMAC) moiety was replaced with poly (DADMAC) having a lower weight average molecular weight. The effect on the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion liquid including the third polymer is shown in Table 8. Table 8% total solids first polymer second polymer third polymer third polymer third polymer% BV SV NO.% Solid chain ·% solids. MW /% solids MW salt (cps) (cps) 104 21.2 14.5 5.06 289,000 — 20 2,950 2.47 105 21.2 14.5 3.73 289,000 1.89 10,100 20 2,200 2.4 106 21.2 14.5 3.73 289,000 1.89 53,400 20 1,950 2.4 107 21.2 14.5 3.73 289.000 1.89 67,900 20 2,020 2.39 108 21.2 14.5 3.73 289.CXX) 1.89 100,000 20 1,990 2.42 Example 1 0 9 The same method as in Example 2 was used to prepare 12.5% ammonium sulfate and 30% polymer solids, a body viscosity of about 7200 cps and a standard of about 2.34 cps. -60- This paper is applicable to the standard China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (2 丨 〇 &lt; 29 * 7 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

、 1T 561170 A7 ___ B7 --------- ----- ----- ----- 5. Description of the invention (58) Quasi-viscosity aqueous dispersion. Example 1 10 An aqueous dispersion containing 15.5% ammonium sulfate and polymer solids of 28%, a body viscosity of about 2640 cps, and a standard viscosity of about 2.4 cps was prepared in the same manner as in Example 9. Example 1 1 1 -1 1 3 Various amounts of ammonium sulfate, sodium thiocyanate, or 1,3-benzenedisulfonate (i, 3-BDS) were added to Example 1 0, Example 1 10, Example 1 3. The basic aqueous dispersions of Examples 1, 102 and 142. The body viscosity of the resulting aqueous dispersion was further reduced, as shown in Table 9. These examples demonstrate that the bulk viscosity of aqueous dispersions can be reduced by adding salts to the dispersion, and that the addition of 1,3-BDS is more effective than ammonium sulfate on a weight basis. Substantially similar results were obtained by polymerizing the monomers in the presence of salts. C Please read the notes on the back before filling this page.) The paper printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 561170 A7 B7. 5. Description of the invention (59) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Table 9 Example No. 鸪 BV of basic non-dispersion liquid, basic aqueous dispersion • Salt added,% total salt% total solids> BV (cps) 111 * Example 109 7200 (NH4 ) 2S〇4 14.21 '29.41 2100 112: Examples 丨 109 7200 (nh4) 2s〇4 15.86 28.84 1,000 113 Examples, 109 7200 (nh4) 2so4 17.45 28.3 501 114 Examples 109' 7200 (nh4) 2s〇4 19 27.8 319 115 Example 109 7200 1,3-BDS 13.37 29.7 2200 116 Example 109 7200 1,3-BDS 14.21 29.41 1160 117C; Example 109 7200 1,3-BDS 15 29.12 FL 118 Example 110 2640 NaSCN 16.3 27.7 540 119C-, Example 110 2640 NaSCN 17.15 27.45 FL 120C ExamplesΊ 110 2640 NaSCN 17.96 27.18 FL 121 Examples 103 8000 1,3-BDS 19.6 24.51 1660 122 Examples? 103 8000 1,3-BDS 21.15 24.04 762 123 Example 103 8000 1,3-BDS 22.64 23.58 FL 124 Temple example 103 8000 (NH4) 2S04 19.6 24.51 3440 125 Example 103 8000 (nh4) 2s〇4 21.15 24.04 1990 126, example 103 8000 (nh4) 2s〇4 22.64 23.58 1300 127. Examples 103 8000 (NH4) 2S04 24.07 23.15 982 128 Examples 1 2300 (nh4) 2s〇4 19 27.8 501 129 Examples 102 2200 (NH4) 2S04 19.6 24.51 1002 130 Examples! 102 2200 (nh4) 2s〇4 21.15 14.04 441 131 Examples 102 2200 (nh4) 2s〇4 22.64 23.58 301 132 Examples 102 2200 (nh4) 2so4 24.07 23.15 200 133 Examples 142 10,000 (nh4) 2s〇4 24.07 23.15 1380 pages please Read the 5 notes on the back first, then C: Comparative FL: Form f -62- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 561170 A7 ____ _B7 V. Description of the invention ς 0) Example 1 3 4 about 18 parts of the aqueous dispersion of Example 49 and about 20 parts of the aqueous dispersion of Example 91 were stirred and mixed. The resulting aqueous dispersion blend was stable and very homogeneous, with a body viscosity of about 880 cps, which confirmed that dispersions with different loadings could be blended to prepare aqueous dispersions with intermediate loading. The aqueous dispersion blend has an overall load of about 40% and an SV of 2.5 cps. Example 1 3 Approximately 18 parts of the highly loaded aqueous dispersion prepared as in Example 48 and approximately 18 parts of the highly loaded aqueous dispersion prepared as in Example 101 were stirred and mixed. The resulting aqueous dispersion blend was stable and very homogeneous, with a bulk viscosity of about 23 00 cps. It was confirmed that dispersions with different loadings could be blended to prepare aqueous dispersions with intermediate loading. The resulting aqueous dispersion blend contained four different polymers. Example 1 3 6 (Comparative) The employees of the Central and Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs cooperated with the consumer to print out the polymerization in the same manner as in Example 9, except that DEAEA.DMS was replaced with DMAEA.MeCl of equal weight. During the polymerization process, the contents of the container became sticky and could not be stirred. A product such as a gel is obtained without fluidity. This example demonstrates that DMAEA.MeCl replaces DEAEA.DMS to produce an aqueous dispersion with a dramatic low body viscosity. Example 1 7 (Comparative) Polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Example 50, except that DEAEA.DMS was replaced with an equal weight of DMAEA.MeCl. During the polymerization process, the contents of the container became sticky and could not be stirred. A product such as a gel is obtained without fluidity. This example confirms that DMAEA.MeCl replaces DEAEA.DMS to produce ____ -63- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of invention k) Dramatic low body viscosity water Dispersions. Example 1 38 (comparative) Polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 91, except that DEAEA.DMS was replaced with an equal weight of DMAEA.MeCl. During the polymerization process, the contents of the container became sticky and could not be stirred. A product such as a gel is obtained without fluidity. This example demonstrates that DMAEA.MeCl replaces DEAEA.DMS to produce an aqueous dispersion with a dramatic low body viscosity. Example 139 (Comparative) Polymerization was performed in the same manner as in Example 100, except that DEAEA.DMS was replaced with an equal weight of DMAEA.MeCl. During the polymerization process, the contents of the container became sticky and could not be stirred. A product such as a gel is obtained without fluidity. This example demonstrates that DMAEA.MeCl replaces DEAEA.DMS to produce an aqueous dispersion with a dramatic low body viscosity. Example 1 40 An appropriate container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen inlet tube with 20 parts of deionized water and 10.51 parts of poly (DMAEA.MeCl), the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau, Employee Consumer Cooperatives A 40% aqueous solution was printed with a weight average molecular weight of about 21.0, 0 0. After the dissolution was completed, 6.57 parts of a 5 3.2 7% aqueous solution of acrylamide, 1 4.5 6 parts of a 80% 7jc solution of DMAEA.MeCl, and 4 ″ 5 parts of a 80% aqueous solution of DMAEA.BzCl were added and mixed. To this mixture were added and mixed 10.8 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.4 parts of citric acid, and 1.5 1 parts of 1% EDTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The trough was turned off, sealed and ventilated with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 1.08 parts of 1% V-50. The reaction mixture was raised to 40 ° C for 2 hours and then increased to 5 (TC 6 hours by placing the container in a hot water bath. The conversion rate is large __ -64- This paper scale applies to the Chinese country ^ 7 匸 邓) 8 4 specifications (210X297 mm) _ 561170

A B7 V. The description of the invention (62) is 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this dispersion is about 2000 cp s, which shows better fluidity, as measured by Brookfield viscometer, No. 4 mandrel, 30 r p m at 25 ° C. Dissolution of the dispersion produced an SV of 2.2 cps. Examples 1 4 1-1 4 4 were polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1 40. The effect of the composition of the first cationic polymer (administered with respect to% AMD,% DMAEA.MeCl and% DMAEA.BzCl in the monomer feed) and the molecular weight of poly (DMAEA.MeCl) on the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion liquid is shown in Table 10. Table 10 (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)

r J Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs%%%% First polymer Second polymer Second polymer when solidified BV SV NO. AMD DMAEA.MeCl DMAEA.B2Q% solid% solid MW salt : (Cps) (cps) 140 60 25 15 25 18 7 210,000 18 2,000 2.2 141 60 25 '15 25 18 7 500,000 18 13,200 2.34 142 60 25 15 25 18 7 1,500,000 18 10,000 2.4 143 60 25 15 25 18 7 800,000 18 11,500 2.2 144 60 29.2 10.8 25 19 6 200,000 18 8,680 2.59 Example 1 4 5-1 5 0 (better) The same method as in Example 140 was performed at different AMD / DMAEA.MeCl / DMAEA.BzCl / DEAEA.DMS ratios Polymerization, except that poly (DMAEA.MeCl) is omitted. In the polymerization process, Rong-65- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Γ

56117α

7 B V. Description of the invention (63) The contents of the container become sticky and cannot be stirred. As a result, transparent aggregates and homogeneous compositions were obtained without flowability, as shown in Table 11. Table 11%%%%% BV NO. AMD DMAEA.MeCl DMAEA.BzCl DEAEA.DMS Solid: Salt (cps) 145C 50 40 10 14.4 20 Gel 146C 45 * 40 15 14.4- 20 Gel 147C 60 29.2 10.8 18 18 Gel 148C 60 25 15 18 18 Gel 149C 55 5 40 18 18 Gel 150C 55 5 40 25. 18 Gel (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) C: Comparative Example 1 5 1 -1 5 3 Central Standard of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Bureau employee consumer cooperatives printed an aqueous dispersion with a body viscosity of about 3 570 cp s in the same manner as in Example 13. The dispersion was concentrated by placing approximately 135 parts in a suitable container and heating to 45 ° C under flowing nitrogen. With this dehydration treatment, a total of 26 parts of water are removed in the second stage. The aqueous dispersion remained stable, dehydration proved to be effective for obtaining a high solid, low body viscosity aqueous dispersion, as shown in Table 12-2. -66- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention L) Table 12 Example No. Polymer solids (%) Body viscosity (cps) 1 5Λ (Polymerization ) 28.0 3 5 70 152 3 1.5 660 153 34.6 3 260 Example printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 1 5 4 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 277.75 parts of deionization Water and 112.0 parts of poly (〇] ^ 八 £%.] ^ 6 (: 1) in a 40% aqueous solution with a weight average molecular weight of about 20.0, 0 0. After dissolution, add and mix 8 9 · 0 3 Parts of acrylamide in 5 3.6 4% aqueous solution and 1 64.93 parts of 0. 8 pounds 8. 8] 80% of aqueous solution. 124.0 parts of ammonium sulfate, 9.3 6 parts of citric acid, and 5.02 were added and mixed in this mixture. Parts of a 1% solution of EDT A. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The contents were heated to 48 ° C and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 17.92 parts of V-50 in a 1% solution. The reaction mixture was maintained 5 hours at 48 ° C. About 3.5 hours after polymerization, the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion liquid began to increase significantly. The final body viscosity of the sexual dispersion is about 8,000 cps as measured by Brookfield viscosity, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C. Example 1 5 5 -1 5 6 Example 15 The polymerization was repeated in a similar manner to 4, except that an additional amount of ammonium sulfate was added about 4 hours after the start of the polymerization (total 4%). This prevents any substantial increase in body viscosity and the formation of a lower body viscosity than that obtained in Example 154 during polymerization. The final body viscosity is shown in Table 13. II ,, --I II 岿 _ 一 I 00-m-—-n-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order -67- This paper Standards apply to Chinese National Standards (CNS) Λ4 specifications (^ 7297mm |)

561170 A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (g5 Printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Table 13 Nie final body viscosity (# 4 mandrel, 30 rpm) 3 0 0 cps 5 0 0 cp s Example 1 5 7- 1 7 2 General polymerization steps: The following ingredients are mixed together in a suitable container. Η Adjust with a 28% by weight solution of ammonium hydroxide to approximately 3.5. Acrylamidine (55.5% by weight) DEAEA.DMS (80% by weight) ) Ammonium citrate poly (DMAEM.MeCl) (40% by weight Deionized Water V-50 (1% by weight) EDTA (1% by weight) Methylene Dipropanamide (MBA) Lactic Acid (chain transfer agent) Forty parts of the solution was sealed in a suitable container and placed in a 40 ° C water bath for 2 hours and held for another 3 hours. The results are summarized in Table 14. 4 Aqueous dispersion of water-soluble and water-swellable polymers with chain transfer agents ) At night. The aqueous viscosity 得到 is obtained by dissolving or dispersing the aqueous dispersion in the same way as the standard viscosity 如上所述 described above, except that the polymer concentration is ¾ 3 5 f%. Example No. 155 156 and 200,000 MW) 5 · 3 4 parts 1 0 · 3 5 parts 0 · 5 8 parts 7.78 parts 7 · 0 3 parts 1 6 · 2 2 parts 1 · 1 2 Parts 1 · 5 7 parts variable variable and the solution is ventilated with nitrogen and then increased to 50 ° C and it shows high content of branching agent content (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

、 1T -68-This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297mm) 561170 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (66) Table 14 Example number—Wei (Wt ·% monomer)

MBA (Single J 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 Disperse liquid two thieves (# 4 'spindle, 30 rpm) Water viscosity 3.91 0.4 0.8 15 20 50 100 1100 Τδδ &quot; 1600 2500 * 2200 330〇 &quot; 3300 8100 1200 1800 3500 3.41 3.04 3.71 3.61 3.66 3.31 3.11 1.90 1.77 1.67 2.81 1.46 1.43 1.44 1.28 I — —11] # ------ Order ------ Ψ. (Please read the back first Please note this page, please fill in this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Example 1 3 Prepare an aqueous dispersion as in Example 155. This aqueous dispersion has a body viscosity of about 24 cps and a water solubility of 3 · 5 5 cps Viscosity (as obtained in Example 1 5 γ _ 1 7 2). F Example 1 7 4 The aqueous dispersion of Example 1 3 was spray-dried in a commercially available laboratory nozzle; on a dryer, in a laboratory spray dryer. It is 76mm in diameter (mm) -69- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (21 × xm). Printed by the staff of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed 561170 Α7 _____ Β7 V. Description of the invention ( 67) and vertical side of 860 mm and 65 ° cone bottom. Warp The nominal gas flow of the dryer is about 180 cubic meters per hour. Aqueous dispersion liquid is fed using a variable speed pump, and the fluid is sprayed in the center of the top of the tank through an air atomizing fluid nozzle. The outlet gas temperature is 86 C and Controlled by changing the inlet gas temperature (169 ...) and feed rate (60 ml / min). To provide an inert atmosphere, the spray dryer was supplied with nitrogen from an extremely cold storage tank. The dried polymer product passed through the bottom of the drying cone Discharge to the annular cone, where the residence time of the dried product II in the dryer is about 4 seconds. The resulting spray-dried polymer particles have a volatile content of 3.4% and about 0.05 per cubic centimeter. Body density in grams (g / cc), easily soluble in water and having an SV of 3 49 〇 Example 1 7 5 The dissolution rate of the spray-dried polymer of Example 174 is a similar combination obtained by spray-drying a commercial water-in-oil emulsion Dried polymer. Use a 2.5-inch magnetic stir bar to prepare the solution in a wide-mouth quartz bottle. Adjust the stirring rate to obtain deep vortexing in water. Dry polymer at 5 The clock time at the edge of the movable scroll slowly added to avoid agglutination. Example 174 of the spray dried polymer was completely dissolved and easily wet 30_40 minutes in time, produce a clear solution. In contrast, the dry polymer obtained by spray-drying the inverse emulsion did not quickly wet and did not completely dissolve after two hours. This example confirms that the dry polymer obtained by spray-drying the aqueous dispersion of the present invention dissolves more quickly than the dry polymer obtained by spray-drying the corresponding water-in-oil emulsion.

Example 1 7 6 C Example according to US Patent 5,403,8 8 3! The steps. Get about __ __ -70- This degree is applicable ^^ Jia County (CNS) 〇χ 297 公 庆)------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

561170 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (Lang) 68 ′ 10,600 cps body viscosity (# 4 mandrel, 30 rpm) dispersion. Example 1 7 The procedure of Example 1 of U.S. Patent 5,403,8 8 3 was followed except that 2-trimethylammonium methacrylate chloride was replaced with an equal weight of DEAEA.MeCl. The resulting aqueous dispersion had a body viscosity (# 4 mandrel, 30 rpm) of about 6,900 cps, which confirmed an improved body viscosity compared to Example 1 76C. Example 1 7 A suitable container equipped with a mechanical stirrer, a reflux condenser, and a nitrogen inlet tube was filled with 22.94 parts of deionized water and 50 parts of poly (DMAEM.MeCl) in a 40% aqueous solution. The weight average molecular weight was about 2 4 5, 0 0 0. After the dissolution was completed, 6.47 parts of a 54.2 0% aqueous solution of acrylamide and 7.49 parts of dimethylamino ethyl acrylate were added and mixed as a four-stage salt. To this mixture was added and mixed a 2% solution of 10.8 parts of ammonium sulfate, 0.7 parts of citric acid, and 0.76 parts of EDTA. The pH of the mixture was about 3.3. The vessel was sealed and vented with nitrogen for 30 minutes, and then polymerization was started by adding 0.54 g of a 2% solution of V-50. The reaction mixture was heated to 40 ° C for 2 hours and then raised to 50 X: and maintained for another 4 hours. The conversion rate is greater than 99%. A stable fluid aqueous dispersion was obtained. The body viscosity of this aqueous dispersion is about i 3 00 c ps, which shows better fluidity, as measured by Brookfield viscosity meter, No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25 ° C. Dissolution of the dispersion produces s V of 2 · 1 c p s. This example confirms that even in Comparative Example 1 of the EP 0 525 75 1 A1 patent, an aqueous dispersion can be formed when the first polymer contains repeating units of a propyl quaternary ammonium salt of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate. . Example 1 7 9 -71-This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) 8-4 specifications (210 \ 297297 | Printed by Consumer Cooperative 561170, Description of Invention k) An aqueous dispersion was prepared in a similar manner as in Example 40, except that the first polymer composition was AMD / DEAEA.DMS / DMAEA.MeCl (60/3 0/10 Moore) . The aqueous dispersion has a body viscosity of about 3,600 cps (# 4 mandrel '30 rpm at 25 ° C) and an SV of 2.64 cps. Example 180 An aqueous dispersion was prepared in a similar manner as in Example 40, except that the first polymer composition was AMD / DEAEA DMS / DMAEA.MeCl (60/25 / l 5 mol). The aqueous dispersion has a bulk viscosity of about 1,000 C ps (No. 4 mandrel, 30 rpm at 25X :) and an SV of 2.87 cps. Example 1 8 1-2 6 1 The performance of the aqueous dispersion of the present invention was determined by measuring the free drainage rate obtained from dewatered sludge and cake solids as follows: Two hundred grams of sewage sludge obtained from a municipal waste treatment plant in a series Weigh in the bottle. An aqueous dispersion and a W / 0, commercial oil-in-oil emulsion control (60/40 mole% AMD / DMAEA.MeCl) solution were prepared so that the polymer concentration was about 0.2%. Various doses of the polymer solution were mixed with the sludge sample and stirred using a heads-up mixer at 500 rpm for 10 seconds (500 rpm / 10 seconds) or at 1,000 rpm for 5 seconds (1,000 rpm / 5 seconds). The water-forming mixture of the flocculated sludge was dehydrated by pouring it into a Buchner funnel containing a 35 mesh stainless steel screen; free drainage was determined by measuring the number of milliliters of the filtrate collected in 10 seconds. Cake solids by at 105. (: Determined by drying the compressed sludge. The results are shown in Table 15. Each polymer is represented by the previous example number. Free drainage is in units of ml / 10 seconds, mixing is rpm / second, and the dosage is per ton of polymer dried in the mud. Units of pounds, and cake solids are dry solids in wet blocks -72- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specifications (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

V0 561170 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention Weight percentage. The symbol “N / A” in the table indicates that the correct cake solids were not obtained. These examples show that the performance of the aqueous dispersion of the present invention is substantially equal or better than that of equivalent commercial products. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 73- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm) 561170 A 7 B7 Explanation (71) Table 15 Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

No., polymer mixed dose from 'Drain cake solids (%)-181 102 500/10 24.4 137 17.3 182 102 500/10 26.7 140 16.9 183 102 500/10 28.9 128 17.1 184 103 500/10 20 138 15.8 185 103 500/10 22.2 155 16.5 186 103 500/10 24.4 158 16.5 187 103 500/10 26.7 162 15.7 188C W / 0 500/10 24.4 112 15.0 189C W / 0 500/10 26.7 122 15.6 190C W / 0 500 / 10 28.9 114 15.2 191 102 1000/5 20.2 142 15.5 192 102 1000/5 22.2 145 15.8 193 102 1000/5 26.7 140 15.3 194 103 1000/5 24.4 130 15.7 195 103 1000/5 26.7 138 15.8 196 103 1000/5 28.9 145 15.2 197C W / 0 1000/5 22.2 112 16.0 198C W / 0 1000/5 24.4 120 16.2 199C W / 0 1000/5 26.7 110 15.7 200 9 500/10 23 144 16.6 201 9 500/10 27.2 160 17.0 202 9 500/10 31.4 140 17.1 203 179 500/10 23 144 17.0 204 179 500/10 27.2 153 17.6 205 179 500/10 31.4 152 17.4 206 180 500/10 23 100 16.9 207 180 500/10 27.2 130 16.8 208 180 500 / 10 31.4 125 17.1 -74- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (2 丨 0X 297 hours)-#! (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order 561170 V. Description of the invention (72) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs W / 0 500/10 23 99 14.9 210C W / 0 500/10 27.2 92 '15.2, 211 9 1000/5 25.1 96 17.6 212 9 1000/5 29.3 97 18.0 213 9 1000/5 31.4 93 17.9 214 179 1000/5 29.3 107 17.7 215 179 1000/5 31.4 92 18.4 216 179 1000/5 35.6 104 18.7 217 180 1000/5 25.1 84 16.9 218 180 1000/5 29.3 92 17.9 219 180 1000/5 31.4 136 17.1 220 180 1000/5 35.6 104 17.1 221C W / 0 1000/5 25.1 110 16.1 222C W / 0 1000/5 29.3 112 16.5 223C W / 0 1000/5 31.4 108 16.8 224 44 500/10 22.1 140 17.5 225 44 500/10 24.5 138 17.0 226 44 500 / 10 27 139 17.4 227 44 1000/5 22.1 120 19.0 228 44 1000/5 25.8 117 19.3 229 44 1000/5 29.4 104 19.5-230C W / 0 500/10 18.4 108 NA 231C W / 0 500/10 22.1 110 NA 232C W / 0 500/10 25.8 66 NA 233C W / 0 1000/5 22.1 128 17.9 234C W / 0 1000/5 25.8 102 17.6 235 61 500/10 16.9 130 17.2 236 61 500/10 18.6 140 18.0 237 61 500/10 21.9 130 17.3 238 67 500/10 | 15.2 80 16.8-(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) • JII. Order-75- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (2! OX 297 mm) 561170 A 7 B7 V. Description of the invention (73) 239 67 500/10 16.9 105 17.8 240 67 500 / 10 18.6 126 18.2 241C W / 0 500/10 15.2 116 16.2 242C W / 0 500/10 16.9 116 15.6 243C W / 0 500/10 18.8 82 15.4 244 140 500/10 26.5 138 18.0 245 140 500/10 29.4 140 18.5 246 140 500/10 32.4 130 18.2 247 140 1000/5 29.2 118 17.8 248 140 1000/5 32.4 129 18.4 249 140 1000/5 35.7 137 19.0 250 142 500/10 26.5 120 16.9 251 142 500/10 29.4 142 '17.2 252 142 500/10 32.4 127 17.1 253 142 1000/5 25.9 120 17.3 254 142 1000/5 29.2 140 17.8 255 142 1000/5 32.4 138 18.3 256C W / 0 500/10 14.7 76 14.0 257C W / 0 500/10 17.6 114 14.8 258C W / 0 500/10 20.6 105 14.8 259C W / 0 1000/5 22. 7 104 16.8 260C W / 0 1000/5 25.9 134 16.3 261C W / 0 1000/5 29.2 113 16.7 C: Comparative I ——.- I .——- 丨 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) Order W / 0: Commercially available water-in-oil emulsion copolymer (60/40 mole%) of acrylamide and DMAEA.MeCl printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy -76- This paper size applies to China Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 public holidays) 561170 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (74) Example 2 6 2-2 6 3 By following the example 1 8 1-2 6 Step 1 measures the free drainage rate and cake solids from the dewatered sludge to determine the performance of the aqueous dispersions of Examples 1 18 and 121. Get similar results. Example 2 6 4 A solution of the spray-dried polymer of Example 174 was prepared so that the polymer concentration was about 0.2%. The performance was determined by measuring the free drainage rate from the dewatered sludge and cake solids according to the procedures of Examples 181-261. Get similar results. Examples 2 6 5-2 7 7 Prepare the aqueous dispersions of Examples 9, 44, 61, 67, 102, 103, 118, 121, 140, 142, 174, 179, and 180 and the solution of spray-dried polymer to make polymerization The concentration of the substance was about 0.2%. The performance was determined by measuring the free drainage rate according to the procedure of Examples 1 8-2 6 1 except that the cold water was removed from the sludge by dehydrating a 1% suspension of paper solids. Get similar results. Examples 2 7 8-2 9 3 An aqueous blend was prepared by intermixing the aqueous dispersions of Examples 1 7-1 2 and water with each other so that the polymer concentration was about 0.2%. The performance was determined by measuring the free drainage rate according to the procedure of Example 丨 8 i _ 2 6 1 except that the sewage sludge was replaced by dewatering a 1% suspension of paper solids. Get similar results. -77- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210XM7 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

Claims (1)

561170 No. 86114386 Patent Application A8 Chinese Patent Application Scope Modification ⑽Twilight 3 ^ 4_ gr _________________ 丨 D8 Sixth Ministry of Economic Affairs t 夬 Standards Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. Printed and patented scope of composition containing aqueous dispersion, It comprises: ⑻ first-cationic water-soluble or water-swellable ethylenic polymer in one mouth; ⑸at least one second cationic water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and ㈡ selected from the group consisting of chloride, sulfuric acid Ordered (kGsmGtr. ㈣ salts; * | and ⑹) selected from the group consisting of thiocyanate, perchlorate, chlorate, phosphate, bromide, iodide, and The chaotropic Plc salt with a high chaotropic sequence composed of the mixture or selected from the group consisting of an aryl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and a substituted aryl sulfonate and an alkyl group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms And an anionic organic salt composed of a substituted aryl sulfonate, wherein the amounts of 1¾ (b), (c), and (d) are such that a uniform composition is obtained in the absence of the amidine. An aqueous dispersion A composition comprising: (a) a discontinuous phase, A polymer containing a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer mainly containing at least one repeating unit of formula ⑴,-6 = 0 B R2— X &quot; where Ri is H or CH3, and A is 0 or NH, B is the original paper size with 1 to 5 carbons. Applicable to China National Standards (CNS). A4g (210 x 297) ——Ί 1. /: ✓ l: and 2. 0) 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 6. Application of patents for sintered or branched alkane or oxidized alkyl, R2 is Methyl, ethyl, or propyl, Rs is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, ruler 4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl 'X is the counter ion, and R2, Rs, and R4 contain A total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer. 3. A composition comprising an aqueous dispersion, comprising: (a) a discontinuous phase comprising a polymer mainly comprising a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula ⑴, -CH2-6— i = o (I) R2—N—R3 where ^ is! !! Or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 post atoms, and is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and R3 is methyl, ethyl , Or propyl, foot 4 is a pit group or a substituted alkynyl group having 10 slave atoms, or a square group or a substituted square group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3 , Together with R4, containing a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer, wherein a uniform composition is obtained in the absence of the amidine. 4. The composition according to item 2 or 3 of the scope of the patent application, the further package of which includes chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, hydrophosphates and mixtures thereof-2-μ's scale is applicable to Chinese national standards (Cns) a4 size (210x297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Inorganic salts in the scope of patent application. 5. The composition according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first polymer further comprises a hydrophobic repeating unit. 6. A method comprising polymerizing a vinyl-addition monomer to form an aqueous dispersion comprising a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, wherein the polymerization comprises at least one species different from the first polymer A second cationic water-soluble polymer; and (b) selected from an ordered salt consisting of chloride, sulfate, phosphate, and hydrolinate, and mixtures thereof; and (c) selected from a thiocyanate , Perchlorate, chlorate, phosphate, bromide, bromide, and mixtures of salts with a high chaotropic sequence or selected from aryl and substituted arylsulfonic acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms Esters and anionic organic salts consisting of an alkyl group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms and a substituted aryl sulfonate, in the presence of an aqueous composition, wherein the amounts of ⑻, ⑸ and (c) are such that If the polymerization is carried out in the absence of the amidine, a homogeneous composition is obtained. 7. A method comprising polymerizing a vinyl-addition monomer comprising at least one monomer of formula (II) to form an aqueous dispersion comprising a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) (please read the notes on the back before filling out this page), 1T Printed by the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 561170 ABCD Application for Patent Scope (II ) ch2 = c I c = o IAIB ^ I R2 -N -R3 A: x-its center is! !! Or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, r2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and R3 is methyl, ethyl Or propyl, r4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, X is a counter ion, and r2, and R4 contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and wherein the polymerization comprises at least one different from the The first polymer is carried out in the presence of an aqueous composition of the second water-soluble polymer. A method comprising polymerizing an ethenyl-addition monomer comprising at least one monomer of formula (11) to form an aqueous dispersion containing a first-cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer, (Please read the notes on the back and fill in this page again.) (II) Printed by the Central Consumers' Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, CH9 =: c Ic = 〇R9 'AIB R4 X' -4- 561 170 A8 B8 C8 ___ D8 VI. Application Patent scope where Ri is 其中 or CH3, A is 0 or Ν0, B is fluorenyl or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R3 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, r4 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl having 10 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl or substituted aryl having 6 to 10 post atoms, X Are relative ions, and r2, and R4 contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and its COSCO polymer is in an aqueous composition comprising an amount of at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer In the presence; and the amount of the second polymer is such that if the polymerization is in the absence of the second polymer Then, a homogeneous composition is obtained. 9. A method according to claim 7 or claim 8, wherein the aqueous composition further comprises an inorganic salt selected from the group consisting of chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, and hydrophosphates. 10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the vinyl-addition monomer further comprises a hydrophobic monomer. Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 11. A method comprising: mixing an aqueous dispersion of polymers with an effective dehydration amount or its aqueous blending A suspension of solids and dispersed solids, and ⑹ dehydrating the suspension of dispersed solids, the aqueous dispersion comprising (i) a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer; and (11) at least one species different from the first The polymer's second water-soluble polymer; and (iii) an ordered salt; and (IV) a salt with a high chaotropic sequence or an anionic organic salt, of which 1g (11), (along) and (iv) In order to make it possible to obtain -5- use t Guanjiali (--- 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8) in the absence of such crickets, the Consumers Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed a uniform composition with patent scope. 12. Method -Which comprises: (i) an aqueous dispersion of polymers intermixed with the polymer in an effective purification amount or an aqueous blend thereof and oily water to produce purified water; and (ii) separating the purified water from the oil, the aqueous dispersion comprising (i) First cationic water-soluble Or water-swellable vinyl-addition polymer; and (11) at least one second cationic water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and (ill) selected from the group consisting of chloride, sulfate, phosphate, and hydrogen Ordered salts of phosphates and mixtures thereof; and (IV) a chaotropic sequence selected from the group consisting of thiocyanate, perchlorate, chlorate, phosphate, bromide, exchange compounds, and mixtures thereof High salts or free anionic organic salts consisting of aryl groups with 6 to 22 carbon atoms and substituted aryl sulfonic acids and alkyl groups with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and substituted aryl sulfonic acids Wherein the amounts of (ii), (iii) and (iv) are such that a homogeneous composition is obtained in the absence of the sulfonium. 1) A method 'which comprises hydrating an aqueous dispersion of polymers in an amount effective to dehydrate A suspension of a liquid or an aqueous admixture thereof and a dispersed solid, and ⑸ dehydrating the suspension of the dispersed solid, the aqueous dispersion comprising (1) a discontinuous phase, which contains a repeat mainly comprising at least one formula (丨) Polymerization of the first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer Was present -6- scale paper Tis care home provision (CNS) ΑϋΤΙ7 ^ 297 well (Read Notes on the back and then to fill the page), 1T 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8 patent scope o) Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs R2-N-R3. · Heart x- where Ri is H or CH3, A is 0 or NH, and B is a fully or branched alkylene group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms Or oxyalkylene, R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R3 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, X is a counter ion, and R2, R3 Containing at least 4 carbon atoms together with R4; and (ii) at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer. K A method comprising (a) intermixing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer or its aqueous admixture with an oil-containing water to produce purified water in an amount effective to purify, and separating the purified water from the oil, the The aqueous dispersion contains (1) a discontinuous phase, which contains a polymer mainly containing a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula (), 0) —CH2l c!) = 〇 IBΠ2'Λ-Π3 FREE. X '(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) The size of the paper is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8 Scope of patent application Where Ri is fluorene or CH3, A is 0 or NH, B is an extended or branched alkyl or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and r3 is Methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R4 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, X is a counter ion, and r2, and R4 contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and (11) at least one isopropyl A second water-soluble polymer in the first polymer. 15. A method comprising (a) intermixing an aqueous dispersion of a polymer or an aqueous substitute thereof with a suspension of dispersed solids in an amount effective for dehydration, and dehydrating the suspension of the dispersed solid, the aqueous dispersion The liquid contains (1) a discontinuous phase, which contains a polymer mainly containing a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula (丨), -CH (Please read the precautions on the back before Fill out this page} (I) -61-i = o έ The consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the consumer co-operative seal f where Ri is Η or CH3, Α is 〇 or ΝΗ, Β is an alkane with 1 to 5 carbon atoms R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and R3 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and is an alkyl or alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Substituted alkyl, or aryl or substituted aryl with 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is the counter ion, and R2, R3, and -8 Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 is now (210X 297 mm) 561170 substance A8 B8 C8 D8 patent application scope R4-starting with at least 4 carbon atoms in total; and (11) at least one A second water-soluble polymerization different from the first polymer, wherein a homogeneous composition is obtained in the absence of the (ii) 16. A method comprising an aqueous dispersion of intermixed polymers in an amount effective to purify Or its aqueous admixture with oily water to produce purified water, and separating the purified water from the oil, the aqueous dispersion contains (i) a non-continuous phase, whose content mainly includes a compound having at least one formula (I The first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer of the repeating unit, (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page} (I) -CHn-i-6 = 0 Set the central standard of the Ministry of Economic Affairs R2—N ^ -R3 price printed by the bureau ’s consumer cooperative. X &quot; where R1 is H or CH3, A is 0 or NΗ, and B is an elongation group or branch elongation group or alkylene oxide having 1 to 5 back atoms. 2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, R3 is fluorenyl, ethyl, or propyl, and R4 is alkyl or substituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or 6 to丨 0 aryl or substituted aryl with hidden atoms, X is the opposite ion, and R 2, R 3 and R 4 together contain at least 4 Carbon atom; and '(1 1) at least one second water-soluble poly-octamer different from the first polymer, wherein a homogeneous composition is obtained in the absence of (ii). This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) VI. Application scope of patent Π. = Patent method „13, 14, 15 or ㈣ Aqueous f dispersion liquid advancement-the step contains a group selected from the group consisting of chloride, sulfate, hydrogen phosphate Inorganic salts of salts and mixtures thereof. According to the method in the patent claims 13, 14, 15 ^ 16, the di-polymer further comprises a hydrophobic repeating unit. 19. According to the scope of the patent claim u, called ... Zhen's method, wherein the liquid contains paper solids, mineral solids, food solids, or biological treatment: floating 20 ·, a species of substantially dry water-soluble or water-swellable ethylene. The method of addition polymer includes the step of: adding an ethylenic-addition polymer 7] C dispersion with a residence time of about 8 to about 120 seconds and a temperature of about 70 ×: to about 100%. Spraying and drying into the airflow at the outlet temperature, and collecting the polymer particles generated 21.-A composition comprising substantially dry water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particles, which comprises θ ⑻ the first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable A vinyl-addition polymer; and ⑸ at least one second cationic water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer; and ⑹ selected from the group consisting of chlorides, sulfates, phosphates, and hydrophosphates and mixtures thereof An orderly salt; and (d) selected from the group consisting of thiocyanate, perchlorate, chlorate, phosphate, brominated milk, iodide, and mixtures thereof with a high chaotropic sequence or from the group consisting of Aryl and substituted aryl groups having 6 to 22 carbon atoms Sulfur -10- This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210x297 public holidays) 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8 Patent application scope (I) Anionic organic salt composed of acid ΕΪ and alkyl group having 2 to 22 carbon atoms and substituted aryl sulfonate, wherein about 90% or more of the polymer particles are individually The ground contains the ⑻ and read (b), the particles have about 0. 4 grams per cubic centimeter to about 3 centimeters per cubic centimeter! 〇 Body density in grams. 22. A composition comprising dried water-soluble or water-swellable polymer particles on a shell, which comprises &quot; &quot; ⑻ a first cationic water-soluble or water-swellable polymer having at least one repeating unit of formula (1), — * CH2-6— 6 = 0 (Read the notes on the back of the poem before filling in this page. J-Order R2—N—R3. , A is 0 or NΗ, B is an alkylene or branched alkylene or oxyalkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, R2 is methyl, ethyl, or propyl, and R3 is methyl, ethyl Or propyl, R4 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aryl or substituted aryl having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, X is a counter ion, and R2 , And R4 contain a total of at least 4 carbon atoms; and (b) at least one second water-soluble polymer different from the first polymer, of which about 90% or more of the particles of the I complex are individually Including the paper and the paper 11-This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 561170 A8 B8 C8 D8 Patent scope (b), the particles have a body density of about 0.4 grams per cubic centimeter to about 1.0 grams per cubic centimeter. 23.-A method comprising mixing a composition according to item 21 or 22 of the scope of patent application With water to form an aqueous polymer blend, ⑸ intermix the aqueous polymer blend with a suspension of dispersed solids in an amount effective for dehydration, and ⑹ dehydrate the suspension of dispersed solids. (Please read the back Note: Please fill in this page again) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -12- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm)