TW533653B - Silent spin sine wave generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and circuit are presented for operating a polyphase dc motor in which drive voltages are applied to the windings of the motor in predetermined phases. Zero crossings of currents flowing in respective windings of the motor are detected, and phases of the drive voltages are adjusted to have zero crossings substantially simultaneously with the detected zero crossings of the currents flowing in respective windings of the motor. The method includes generating a set of three waveforms (45, 46, 47) to provide drive voltages to respective windings of the motor. Each waveform has a period of 360 DEG with a first segment (43) having a value of zero for 120 DEG, followed by a second segment (50) having an ""up slope"" shape for 60 DEG, followed by a third segment (67, 68) having two consecutive ""cap"" shapes for 120 DEG, followed by a fourth segment (52) having ""down slope"" shape for 60 DEG. Each waveform of said set is displaced from one another by 120 DEG. As a result, the acoustic motor noise is reduced.

Description

533653 V. Description of the invention (1) t Ming background 'B_ The application claiming priority is a continuation part of the joint application 09/300, 754 proposed by 4/26/99. The U.S. provisional special shooting for bluffing, please edit ㈣ / m, 'i Proposed on May 27, 1999, and applied to An Guang for a period of £ 9, as proposed on November 23, 2009, and this case is = from all applications Cases are: this quote. In order to ^ examine the two from the United States also filed on May 8th, 2_2 60,203,129, this application is cited herein as ^ patent application '' Month '. Bian Wei 2_. Invention Su. The present invention relates to the improvement of a circuit that drives a DC brushless multi-phase motor, for example, a shaft motor Γ class G of a hard disk drive. Sang Yin, & Improved driving is reducing the driving current M of this form of Ma 2 approximation, and more specifically: the waveform formed by a roughly linear approximation of #, the driving method of the motor and = background = related to the present invention The operation of this kind of DC brushless multi-phase motor ::: The motor drive needs the excitation current applied to the phase of the motor to be able to: bemf produced by other phases. The best way to achieve this alignment is to use a phase-locked loop (PLL) 'which adjusts the phase and phase of the rectifier, so that the undriven winding can pass through the center of the appropriate rectifier-like path & zero. & Mode: When the shape of the rectified waveform contains an undefined

Page 6 533653 V. Description of the invention (2) + 1-1 Operates well when driving the area, as in the conventional 6-state sequence, + ι I 1 ^ 11 v .— I 1 r \ because this + 1, +1 , ~ * 1 has a sharp turn *, and this sequence can be in the ancient two queues, and it ’s hard to find a way to drive between them. It takes up a lot of frequency components. These will cause mechanical resonance, which will cause unwanted noise to occur. ::: The three-levelization of the step function of the phase of the undriven motor, and its original driving waveform, will generate a certain degree of torque ripple in the motor. Its hand-held motor resonates and causes unwanted noise. / 、 = This & If it is to reduce the sound, the number one will be more appropriate than the 6-shaped bears arguing with each other, fen ^, ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ thunder heart sequence is more appropriate. If the motor driver contains a sinusoidal failure: /, the same voltage sensing PLL as above can be used. However, when the duty cycle is changed in a sinusoidal manner, the motor driver: is pulse width modulation ⑽) to make the power loss in the driver lc Γ:, :: This allows lower cost packaging, & the overall System cost reduction ^ 5 ^ In the past, it was difficult to generate electricity with a pure sinusoidal waveform: Do n’t worry when the current is quite high, and when you want to use the PWM method, in the previous application serial number 09/300, 754 In the beginning, after the initial baseline was eliminated, it was zero from 1 2 0. A series of driving waveforms formed by a series of segments, followed by 120 for hooking. , And "Unhook", 120. The waves of the upper and lower hooks are generated in two MDACs. The operation of the MDAC will have some problems, making it difficult to form the required driving waveform. In particular, its It is necessary to constitute Ϊw 乂 to change 'so that the obtained waveform can be properly applied to the multi-phase DC motor ring.

Page 7 533653 V. Description of the invention (3). At the same time, use the shape segment combination to form the chord waveform segment in a design. Therefore, the MDAC used in this operation is required to drive waveforms. What it may need is a magnetic disk and a method, which is simply divided by the contents and methods. One purpose is to construct some of them with the number and others. Learn more from below. The motor of the present invention. The segment of this motor is 1 2 0.

Pressing into this Zhuoyi area forms a waveform section, which itself is made of sine waves and requires special M D A C design and operation considerations. It can be composed of linear waveform sections to approximate ^ positive disk drive and method that effectively make the implementation and operation of this MDAC simple, 1 off, sound can be reduced or eliminated. It needs to be approximated and generated using a magnetically coupled linear signal segment developed from a sinusoidal signal segment. It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method for making noise with respect to a disk drive in operation, and to provide a disk drive and a method that utilize sections of waveforms that are connected substantially successively, which are or approximately a sine Sector of the signal. Purpose 'Features and Benefits For a detailed description of this technique, and in conjunction with the drawings and application specific broad aspects, it proposes a method of operation that involves generating a set of three waveforms to provide additional windings. Each waveform has 3 6 0. The number of weeks is zero, followed by 60. Of

533653 V. Description of the invention (4) a 'upward slope, the second section of the shape, and then 12o. A third segment with two continuous " hat-shaped " shapes, followed by 60. A fourth segment with, downward slope shape. Each set of waveforms moves away from each other. 2 0 .. Then the waveform is applied to the individual windings of the motor. Each of the sections is approximately VMAG (sin (4) iin {sin (ω〇, sin (ωΐ; __12〇.), Sin (ω 1:- 240) 丨, where VMAG is the peak of each waveform, 2 ′ is the phase angle of the waveform, and φ is an initial phase angle; but 疋, in a preferred embodiment, the waveform section Contains at least one linear waveform. Preferably, the waveform section may have two linear portions with an interruption point at its midpoint portion. According to another broad aspect of the invention, it proposes a reduction operation of more than 1 DC Motor noise. The method includes generating a set of n waveforms to provide driving voltage to individual windings of the motor, where η is the number of phases of the multi-phase DC motor. Each waveform has a period of 3 6 0. It has ( 360 / η) a first segment of zero value, (360 / 2η). A second `` direction The upper slope of the section, (3 6 Ο / η). Two consecutive, hat-shaped, a third section of the shape, and a fourth, (360 / 2η). A downward slope Each section of the set of waveforms is separated from each other (360 / η). The waveform is applied to the individual windings of the motor to supply its energy. The waveform can be pulse width modulated before its application To the drive. Each section is approximately VMAG (sin (ωΐ-0) ιίη {5ίη (ωΐ_ 0 × 360 / η)., Sin (ajt-1X36〇 / n)., ... sin (〇t — (n-1 ) X36 () / n) ° 丨), where VMAG is the maximum value of each waveform, ^ is the number of phases of the motor, ω t is the phase angle of the waveform, and 0 is a start

533653 V. Description of the invention (5) Starting phase angle. The waveform section may include at least one linear waveform, and it may have two linear sections with one in its midpoint section: According to the present invention # Yet another-generalized square Φ, the circuit of which is a η-phase DC motor . The circuit has a driver to the motor. It provides the source of the drive signal waveform. Each waveform has a period of 360, which has (36 0 / η). The first zero " section of zero followed by (360 / 2η). The "slope up" = paragraph, then (360 / η). The first three segments of two consecutive " hat-shaped " shapes, followed by (360 / 2η). Has the fourth segment of the downward slope. Each of the set of waveforms is separated from each other (36 ° / η). . The driving signal wave y may include a substantially linear segment S, and more specifically, it may have one or two linear regions & 'having a discontinuity at its midpoint position. A circuit also; provides pulse width modulation of the drive signal waveform before it is applied to the drive. Each of these sections can be approximated by VMAG (sin (〇 卜 0) -miMsin (0 × 3 60 / Π)., Sin (a; t — 1χ36〇 / η)., ... to (㊉ 1) × 360 / η ) 丨) 'Where VMAG is the peak value of each waveform, ω t is the phase angle of the waveform, and 0 is an initial phase angle. According to yet another broad aspect of the present invention, it proposes a disk drive product form 2 having a three-phase motor that is always brushless, Hall-effect-free, and used to rotate a package with a medium of 1. The product contains three driver circuits to provide the windings to the individual groups of windings selected in the motor. — Three motor drive voltage waveform sources provide this drive signal. Each waveform has a

533653 V. Description of the invention (6) 360. Cycle. A first segment has 120. Value of zero. A second segment has an " up slope " shape of 60. A third segment has two " pi-hat-shaped " shapes of 120. and a fourth segment has a " Down slope "shape. The waveforms in this group are spaced from each other. The drive signal waveform may be formed by a substantially linear section, and more specifically, two substantially linear sections, with a discontinuity point at the midpoint. This section can be approximated by VMAG (sin (ωΐ-0) -min {sin (ωΐ_〇χ36〇 / η)., Sin (ωΐ-1 × 36 0 / η)., ... Sin (ωΐ — (η — 1) χ36 〇 / η). 丨), where VMAG is the peak value of each waveform, ωΐ is the phase angle of the waveform, and 0 is an initial phase angle. Brief Description of the Drawings The present invention is described by the drawings, in which: Figure 1 = is the ideal driving signal waveform of a two-phase DC motor. FIG. 2 is not a block diagram of a part of a circuit for providing a driving signal to a 'multi-phase DC motor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, and a " up slope " generated at the output of one of the MDAC circuits of FIG. 2 is a waveform section to approximate the ideal waveform of FIG. FIG. 4 shows a π hat-shaped " waveform section generated at the output of a MDAC circuit of a graphics converter according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. In different drawings in Phase 3, the same reference numbers are used to represent the same or similar parts. Detailed description of the body implementation j According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is applied to the driven motor

$ 11 pages 533653 V. Description of the invention (7) The driving waveforms of the windings are obtained from the sinusoidal waveforms of the U.S. patent owner ^ ne-V application May 14/09/300, 754. The sect of the sacrifice of Jiao Jia is a flammability—the motor can be in the form described above, and more specifically S, which is the Wu Guo patent application. (0) The flow motor form is obtained ... The described multi-phase straight-three-phase DC motor. ^ In the example, the motor is preferably In the specific embodiment shown, it defines three signals, each of which is separated from each other by 120 to drive each of the similar phases of the motor ^ ^ ^ τ phases. It must be noted that because ί is driven by two of the three coil windings of the driven T-coil architecture, and one is used as a heat sink, which: 3 drives each with a pure sinusoidal waveform node. It is sufficient if the differential voltage between the two solid-state driving points is approximately a sinusoidal waveform. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a graph displays three consecutive _ driving waveforms 45, 46, and 47, as shown in FIG. Each of the waveforms 45, 46, and 47 is a pair determined by the rectification individually applied to the input terminal of the motor to be driven. In order to construct the driving waveforms 45, 46, and 47, the values of a sinusoidal waveform having a set of instantaneous minimum values of the sinusoidal waveforms with phases different from each other at 120 are subtracted from other waveforms. The result is the set of waveforms shown in Figure 丨, which is similar to the waveform described in US Patent Application 09 / 300,754. Therefore, the parent section can be approximated by VMAG (sin (ωΐ- $)-min {sin (ωΐ -0 × 360 / η)., Sin (ωΐ-1 × 360 / η)., ... sin (ωΐ- (η-Ι) χ36 0 / η) °}), where VMAG is the peak value of each waveform, η is the number of phases of the motor '0 t is the phase angle of the waveform' and 0 is a starting phase angle. Each waveform has an upper hook portion 40 and a lower hook portion 42. therefore

Page 12 533653

Although the loops are similar to the sine wave section, the Luquxun waveform section is actually not the sine wave section. Furthermore, because each motor phase is the uo of the rectification cycle. Each of the three states has a section 43 whose 12o is zero. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a part of a circuit for providing a driving signal to a multi-phase DC motor is shown in FIG. 2. The b circuit includes-a "hat-shaped" generating MDAC 12, and one, the slope Π generating vessel c 14 'will be described in detail below. The hat shape and slopes 仏 12 and 14 are updated once every PjM CLK cycle, and a shape signal is provided to be applied to the two-phase DC motor selected by a multiplexer 2 1 6. The DC motor 18 rotates: the axis of the magnetic disk drive 19, for example, for a mass data storage device. If desired, the outputs of the side MDACs 12 and 14 · can be pulse width modulated by the PWM controllers 36 and 38, as shown, to control the power applied to the motor 18. The MDAC 14 generates a signal at its output, which has a slope waveform that can be obtained from a section of approximately a sine wave; more specifically, it is straight 〆, 60 of a sine wave. Section. The MDAC 14 can generate zones in the ascending or descending order. Therefore, the ascending waveform roughly follows a " up slope " section $ 0, as shown in Fig. 1, or the ascending waveform follows an " down slope. The section 52 is also shown in FIG. 1. If the period of the waveform is considered as 360. The length of the upward slope " section 50 or "downward slope " section 52 is (360 / 2Π). Where η is the number of motor phases. Preferably, the " slope " The waveform produced by MDAC 14 is a linear waveform such as shown in waveform 3 0 in Figure 3. As shown in the figure, the waveform 60 includes a

533653 V. Description of the invention (9) The breakthrough point 6 2 is about half position between the bottom and the bottom of the waveform, so that the overall shape of each half of the waveform 60 is a curve, which is roughly the same as the figure} The π-up slope "segment 50" or "down slope" section μ is the same. The benefit of using a linear waveform in the operation of the MDAC 1 4 is that it can be simply generated by providing a linear counter, which can be Selectively counts up or down at a predetermined rate. If desired, the MDAC 14 may include a proportional circuit to determine the overall size of the waveform 60 generated. The proportional circuit may include, for example, a plurality of currents A generator, which can be individually addressably selected to provide the bias current 'it is necessary to generate the desired waveform. At the same time, if necessary, the waveform 60 can subtract a count value from a predetermined bias Similarly, the " hat-shaped " MDAC 1 2 can be constructed to generate two continuous, hat-shaped π waveforms 6 5 and 6 6, as shown in Figure 4. Each of the π-shaped hats " Waveforms 6 5 and 6 6 are counted up by a linear It is formed to an interruption point 68, and then a linear count down to the original starting value. The obtained waveforms 65 and 66 correspond to the waveforms 6 7 and 6 8 in FIG. 1. Again, by using Linear waveform technology, which uses like linear up and down counters, the sinusoidal sections β γ and W can be easily approximated. At the same time, if necessary, a proportional circuit can be included in the MDAC 1 2 so the whole of the waveform The proportion can be determined, for example, by a certain address circuit or the like. If the waveform has a period of 360 °, the length of each hat-shaped section is (360 / 2n) °, and its overall length is (36 0 / n), where η is the number of motor phases. Outputs from the individual MDACs 12 and 14 can be selectively applied to motor control lines 30-32 to be applied to the three-phase motor 18 by a multiplexer circuit 16.

Page 14 533653 ^ V. Description of the invention (10S ~~ ^ --------- The multiplexer circuit 16 is controlled by a multiplexer controller 21, and 1 can be a 2-pulse generator 22 Receiving a clock pulse, which can be divided by a distributor, the working controller 2 1 can be like a single-bit circuit, which individually applies an address to the multiplexer 16 to generate the circuit shown in FIG. 1. The repeating waveforms 4 5-4 7. If necessary, as shown, the outputs from the MDAC 12 and 14 can be pulse width modulated, such as the individual pWM modulators 3 6 and 38 shown in the figure. The pulse width adjustment can be performed in a known manner. Basically, a triangle wave system is used as a signal that allows the modulation through the waveform to pass through the value of the triangle waveform only when it is greater than the far instant. The circuit of FIG. 2 is implemented because the common clock reference obtained by the clock generator 22 can be used to generate the linear waveform section. As described above, when the MDAC circuits 12 and 14 are the same, The pulse signal can be used to control the timing of the pulse-width modulators 36 and 38. 'The individual waveforms produced by the MDAC can be simply combined to avoid the delay and discontinuities applied to the signals of the three-phase motor 18. Although the present invention has been illustrated and shown to some degree of detail, it can be understood The present disclosure is only for the purpose of example, and the changes of different component combinations and configurations can be classified by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is the scope of the following patent applications.

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Claims (1)

533653 h I | _ Case No. 90110951_ Heart Year + Wucai Wuxiang · 彳 Amendment_ VI. Patent Application Scope 1. A method for operating a multi-phase DC motor, including: generating a set of three waveforms to provide driving Voltage to the individual windings of the motor, each waveform has a period of 360 °, the first section of which is a value of zero of 120 °, followed by 60 ° with a π upward slope " shaped first Two sections, then a third section with two consecutive " hat-shaped " shapes at 120 °, followed by a fourth section with " down slope π shape at 60 °, Each waveform in the group is separated from each other by 120 °: and the waveform is applied to the individual windings of the motor. 2. The method according to item 1 of the patent application scope, further comprising pulse width modulating the driving voltage before applying it to the motor winding. . 3. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein each section is approximately: VMAG (sin (ω t-0) -min {sin (ω t), sin (60〇-120 °), sin (gt-240〇)}, where VMAG is the maximum value of each waveform 't is the phase angle of the waveform' and 0 is an initial phase angle. 4. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein each Each of the waveform sections contains at least one linear waveform. 5. The method according to item 4 of the scope of the patent application, wherein each of the waveform sections has two linear sections with a break point in a midpoint section. 6 A method for reducing the noise of operating a multi-phase DC motor, comprising: generating a set of n waveforms to provide a driving voltage to individual windings of the motor O: \ 70 \ 70656-920312.ptc P.17 533653 _Case No. 90110951_year ^ month / last day correction_ VI. Patent application group, where η is the number of phases of the multiphase DC motor; and each of The waveform has a period of 360 °, which has a first segment of zero value of (360 / η) °, followed by a second segment of an upward slope π shape of (3 6 0/2 η) °, Then there is a third segment of (3 6 0 / η) ° with two consecutive " hat-shaped π shapes, followed by a " down slope π of (3 6 0/2 η) °-fourth Section, each of the set of waveforms is separated from each other by (360 / η) °: and the waveform is applied to the individual windings of the motor. 7. The method according to item 6 of the patent application, further applying a pulse width modulation to the driving voltage before applying it to the winding. 8. The method according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, wherein each section is approximately: VMAG (sin (ωΐ:-0)-min {sin (-0 × 360 / η) 〇, sin (ωt-lX 3 6 0 / n) °, ... siη (ωt- (η-1) X 3 6 0 / η) 0}) where VM AG is the maximum value of each waveform, η is the number of phases of the motor, and ω t is the waveform , And 0 is an initial phase angle. 9. The method according to item 6 of the patent application, wherein each of the waveform sections includes at least one linear waveform. 10. The method according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein each of the waveform sections has two linear sections, and a midpoint section has an interruption point. O: \ 70 \ 70656-920312.ptc Page 18 533653 Amendment No. 90110951 VI. Scope of Patent Application 1 1. A circuit for operating an η-phase DC motor, comprising: for applying η driving signal waveforms to the motor And the source of the driving signal waveform, each of which has a period of 360 ° and has a first segment with a value of zero at (360 / η) °, followed by (3 6 0/2 η) ° second segment of the upward slope π shape, followed by a third segment of (3 6 0 / η) ° with two consecutive " hat-shaped π shapes, followed by (3 6 0/2 η) ° of the fourth segment with " down slope π, each of the set of waveforms is separated from each other by (360 / η) 0. 1 2. The circuit according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the source of the driving signal waveform is a first MDAC to generate the "up slope π and" down slope "waveform, and a second MDAC to generate the π "Hat-shaped" waveform. 1 3. The circuit according to item 12 of the patent application range, wherein the driving signal waveform includes a substantially linear section. 14 4. The circuit of item 13 in the scope of patent application, wherein each of the waveforms has two linear parts and a break point at its midpoint. 15. The circuit of item 11 in the scope of patent application, further comprising a multiplexer connected to receive the output of the MDAC, the multiplexer is used to selectively apply the output of the M D AC to the driver. 1 6 β The circuit according to item 11 of the scope of patent application further includes a circuit for pulse width modulation driving signal waveform before it is applied to the driver. 1 7. The circuit according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein η is 3. 1 8. The circuit of item 11 in the scope of patent application, wherein each of the sections is similar to: O: \ 70 \ 70656-920312.ptc Page 19 533653 Amendment No. 90110951 VI. Patent application scope VMAG (sin (6Jt-0) -min {sin (6jt-〇X36O / n) 0, sin (ω t- lX 3 6 0 / r0 °, ... sin (ω t-(η-1) X 3 6 0 / η) 0}) where VMAG is the maximum value of each waveform 't is the phase angle of the waveform' and 0 Is a starting phase angle. 1 9. A magnetic disk drive in the form of a three-phase motor with a DC brushless and Hall effect for rotating a piece of data containing media, which includes: three driver circuits, It is used to provide driving signals to individual combinations of selected windings in the motor; one source of three motor driving voltage waveforms, which provides the driving signals, each waveform having a period of 360 °, which has 120 ° A zero segment of a first segment, followed by a 60 ° ° " upward slope M-shaped second segment, and then a 120 ° ° with two consecutive " hat-shaped π shapes a third Section, followed by a fourth section with a downward slope of π of 60 °, each of which is separated from each other by 120 °. 2 〇. The magnetic disk drive of item 19 of the utility model, wherein each of the driver circuits includes a group of FETs, which are connected together at a driving signal node and connected in series between a voltage supply and a reference potential. The magnetic disk drive of item 19 of the patent application scope further includes a multiplexer connected to receive the motor driving voltage waveform and connected to selectively apply the motor driving voltage waveform to the driver circuit. 2 2. 如The magnetic disk drive with the scope of patent application No. 19 further includes a circuit for adjusting the pulse width before applying it to the driver circuit. O: \ 70 \ 70656-920312.ptc Page 20 533653 _Case No. 90110951 6. Scope of patent application f Last year, month / month, correction Modify the waveform of the motor drive voltage. 2 3. The magnetic disk drive according to item 19 of the patent application scope, wherein the drive signal voltage waveform includes a substantially linear segment. 24. The magnetic disk drive according to item 23 of the patent application range, wherein each of the waveforms has two linear parts and a break point at the midpoint. 2 5. The magnetic disk drive according to item 24 of the scope of patent application, wherein each section is approximately: VMAG (sin (6; t-0) -min {sin (ωΐ-0 × 360 / η) 0, sin ( 6Jt-1 × 360 / η) 0, ... sin (6Jt-(η-1) × 360 / η).}), Where VM AG is the peak size of each waveform, ω t is the phase angle of the waveform, and 0 is A starting phase angle. 2 6. The magnetic disk drive according to item 19 of the patent application scope, wherein the medium containing data is a magnetic medium of a hard disk drive. O: \ 70 \ 70656-920312.ptc Page 21