833 833 經濟部中央梯準局貞工消贽合作社印笨 A7 B7_ 五、發明説明（彳） 1 .發明領域 本發明關於一種多數電池之電壓偵測電路’例如鋰離 子電池或鎳鎘電池，彼此串聯於一蓄電池，以及一種偵測 一電池電壓的方法。 2 .相關技術的說明 於某些情況下，所謂的電池，例如鋰離子電池或鎳鎘 電池被彼此串聯以使用爲一蓄電池組或一蓄電池來供應一 電源至一電子設備，例如手提式視訊影帶記錄器，電子相 機，手提式電腦或其同類。 一電池爲一蓄電池之一單一單元。圖1爲一種傳統電 池電壓偵測電路的一個電路圖。圖2顯示一實例，其中多 數此類電池1 ( 1 a至1 d)被彼此串聯而它們每個被連 接至一電池電壓偵測器9。這些電池中，指示以參數1 a 之一電池具有一最高電位，而指示以參數1 d之一電池具 有一最低電位。 圖2爲包含於圖1之電池電壓偵測電路中的電池電壓 偵測器9的一個電路圖。電池電壓偵測器9包括具有一非 反相終端8 a及一反相終端8 b之一操作放大器8。例如 ，具有最商電位之電池1 a具有其一正電極經由一感應線 2及電阻R1而連接至電壓偵測器9之操作放大器8的非 反相終端8 a，並且其一負電極經由一感應線3及電阻 R 2而連接至操作放大器8的反相終端8 b。同樣地，每 個其他的電池具有其正與負電極經由一感應線及電阻而連 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公着） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝·833 833 The Central Government of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Zhenggong Consumer Cooperative, Co., Ltd. Yinben A7 B7_ V. Description of the invention (i) 1. Field of the invention The present invention relates to a voltage detection circuit for most batteries, such as a lithium-ion battery or a nickel-cadmium battery. A battery is connected in series, and a method for detecting a battery voltage. 2. Description of Related Technology In some cases, so-called batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries or nickel-cadmium batteries, are connected in series with each other to be used as a battery pack or a battery to supply a power source to an electronic device, such as a portable video film With recorder, electronic camera, laptop or similar. A battery is a single unit of a storage battery. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional battery voltage detection circuit. Fig. 2 shows an example in which a plurality of such batteries 1 (1a to 1d) are connected in series with each other and each of them is connected to a battery voltage detector 9. Among these batteries, one of the batteries indicated by parameter 1 a has a highest potential, and one of the batteries indicated by parameter 1 d has a lowest potential. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a battery voltage detector 9 included in the battery voltage detection circuit of FIG. 1. The battery voltage detector 9 includes an operational amplifier 8 having a non-inverting terminal 8 a and an inverting terminal 8 b. For example, the battery 1 a having the most quotient potential has a positive electrode connected to the non-inverting terminal 8 a of the operational amplifier 8 of the voltage detector 9 via an induction line 2 and a resistor R1, and a negative electrode thereof via a The sense line 3 and the resistor R 2 are connected to the inverting terminal 8 b of the operational amplifier 8. Similarly, each other battery has its positive and negative electrodes connected via an induction wire and a resistor. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297) (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page)-Loading ·
、1T -4 - 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 接至一操作放大器8。因此，操作放大器8將偵測來自相 應之電池1的一個電壓並且單獨地提供它成爲它的電壓輸 出1 1。 如圖2中所顯示，每個圖1中之電壓偵測器9被提供 於其中操作放大器8之多數電阻R1至R 4。 .具有上述結構之電壓偵測器9的偵測準確性大大地依 據每個電阻R1至R4及其偵測電壓輸出11的準確性。 因此，其電阻値被設定以一高度準確性之一電阻應被使用 爲R 1至R 4。 同時，電壓偵測器9之偵測準確性變爲較低，正比於 一較高的共同模式電壓。此將參考圖3而被解釋。 操作放大器之輸出V0被簡單地表示爲（操作放大器 之補償誤差被忽略）： ~1T -4-486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Connect to an operational amplifier 8. Therefore, the operational amplifier 8 will detect a voltage from the corresponding battery 1 and provide it separately as its voltage output 11. As shown in Fig. 2, the voltage detector 9 in each Fig. 1 is provided with a plurality of resistors R1 to R4 in which the amplifier 8 is operated. The detection accuracy of the voltage detector 9 having the above structure greatly depends on the accuracy of each of the resistors R1 to R4 and its detection voltage output 11. Therefore, its resistance 値 is set with a high accuracy and one of the resistances should be used as R 1 to R 4. At the same time, the detection accuracy of the voltage detector 9 becomes lower, which is proportional to a higher common mode voltage. This will be explained with reference to FIG. 3. The output V0 of the operational amplifier is simply expressed as (the compensation error of the operational amplifier is ignored): ~
Vp=Rb (Vl+V2)/(Ra+Rb) 其中V p : 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Vp = Rb (Vl + V2) / (Ra + Rb) where V p: printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
Ra，Rb :電阻R1及R2之電阻値 VI:具有最高電壓之電池電壓 V2:其他電池的總電壓， 因此， V〇 = Vp — Rd (V2-Vp)/Rc 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X29*7公嫠） -5- 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 486833 A7 ______B7_ 五、發明説明（3 ) 其中Rc，Rd :電阻R3及R4之電阻値 假設 R a = R c 且 R b = R d ......... ( 1 ) 然後， VO^Rd. Vl/Rc ......... (2) 當V1 = 0V時，操作放大器之輸出V〇應爲0。然 而’實際上，V 1將不會是0V，因由於共同模式電壓於 操作放大器之誤差。.........① 表示（1 )實際上爲不可能。當表示（1 )爲不可能 時，操作放大器之輸出V 0具有正比於一電壓V 2之一誤 差 ° .........② 這些誤差①及②導致降低電池電壓偵測電路之偵測準 確性。 此外，因爲於圖2所顯示之傳統電池電壓偵測電路中 需要一電池電壓偵測器9給每個電池，所以其更爲複雜。 發明槪述 因此本發明之一目標爲提供一種結構簡化之電池電壓 偵測電路並且可偵測一蓄電池中之每個電池的一個電壓以 —高準確性。 以上目標可被達成，藉由提供依據本發明之彼此串聯 於一蓄電池中之多數電池的一個電壓偵測電路，並採用以 偵測每個電池之一電壓，其包括， -第一輸入選擇裝置被連接至每個電池之正及負電極 以選擇一所選定電池之任一正與負電池並且獲得其電池之 0^------1T------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -6 - 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 一電壓； -第二輸入選擇裝置被連接至每個電池之正及負電極 以選擇所選定電池之任一正或負電極並且獲得其電池之一 雷壓； -電壓偵測裝置以獲取一偵測輸出電壓從來自第一及 桌一輸入選擇裝置之輸出電壓；以及 一處理裝置以轉換來自電壓偵測裝置之偵測電池輸出 電壓從類比至數位以利計算，因而決定個別電池之電壓。 依據本發明，爲了偵測彼此串聯於一蓄電池中之每個 多數電池的電壓，其電池之正與負電極被連接至第一輸出 選擇裝置以選擇一所選定電池之任一正或負電極並且獲取 所選定電池之電壓。電池之正或負電極也被連接至第二輸 入選擇裝置以選擇一所選定電池之正與負電極並且獲取所 選定電池之電壓。 電壓偵測裝置被採用以獲取一偵測電池輸出電壓從來 自第一輸入選擇裝置之一第一電池輸出電壓以及來自第二 輸入選擇裝置之一第二電池輸出電壓。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 處理裝置轉換來自電壓偵測裝置之偵測電壓輸出電壓 從類比至數位以利計算，因而決定個別電池之電壓。 因此，必須提供一電壓偵測裝置給每個多數電池。 每個電池被選擇以一單一電壓偵測裝置，並且由電壓 偵測裝置所偵測之一輸出電壓被轉換從類比至數位以利計 算來決定每個電池之電壓。於是因多數電壓偵測裝置可不 被提供相應於多數彼此串聯之電池，故電壓偵測電路可被 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 B7__ 五、發明説明（5 ) 簡單地建構。 依據本發明之電壓偵測電路也可被使用以偵測一單一 電池之一電壓。 依據本發明，電壓偵測電路應最好是包括一非反相輸 入終端與一反相輸入終端，一操作放大器，以及多調整電 阻來提供給操作放大器。處理裝置包括一類比/數位轉換 器以轉換一偵測輸出電壓從類比至數位，以及一算術單元 以計算數位信號來提供每個電池之一電壓。因此，來自電 壓偵測裝置之偵測輸出電壓可被數位地計算以處理裝置來 決定電池電壓。 依據本發明，第一輸入選擇裝置應最好是可以選擇並 且被連接至一接地電位，而第二輸入選擇裝置也應最好是 可以選擇其一電池電壓所被校準參考之一正電壓校準電壓 〇 依據本發明，第一輸入選擇裝置應最好是可以選擇其 一電池電壓所被校準參考之一正電壓校準電壓，而第二輸 入選擇裝置應最好是可以選擇並且被連接至一接地電位。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 因此，藉操作放大器之振幅的等級可被檢查以經由第 一輸入選擇裝置而供應至電壓偵測裝置之非反相終端的正 電壓校準參考電壓，與經由第二輸入選擇裝置而供應至電 壓偵測裝置之反相終端的接地電位之間的比較。 同時，藉操作放大器之振幅的等級可被檢查以經由第 一輸入選擇裝置而供應至電壓偵測裝置之非反相終端的接 地電位與經由第二輸入選擇裝置而供應至電壓偵測裝置之 # . 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 〇 486833 A7 _____B7_ 五、發明説明（6 ) 反相終端的負電壓校準參考電壓之間的比較。 依據本發明，電池電壓偵測電路應最好是被採用以致 當一電池之一相同電極被選擇以第一及第二輸入選擇裝置 且一共同模式電壓被供應至電壓偵測裝置之非反相及反相 輸入終端時，則提供給電壓偵測裝置之調整電阻的電阻値 被設定以提供來自電壓偵測裝置之一輸出電壓，並且來自 電壓偵測裝置之正輸出電壓被供應至處理裝置之類比/數 位轉換器以提供電壓偵測裝置之一誤差至其共同模式電壓 所供應者。即，當共同模式電壓被供應至電壓偵測裝置時 ，其後者將不會提供實際上爲零伏特之一電壓，即，來自 電壓偵測裝置之電壓含有一誤差。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 於是，因電壓偵測裝置總是提供一正的偵測輸出電壓 ，故處理裝置之類比/數位轉換器被供應以一正的_電池輸 出電壓，以致輸入至類比/數位轉換器之電壓的範圍可被 限制於一正的電壓範圍。因此，類比/數位轉換器可具有 只有一正電壓範圍於其中一個解答，並且它可以不需要一 較高成本的性能而因此可被製造以較其必須具有正與負電 壓範圍之類比/數位轉換器爲低的成本。 依據本發明，電池電壓偵測電路應最好是被採用以致 一電池之正端被連接至電壓偵測裝置之非反相輸入終端經 由第一輸入選擇裝置而電池之負端被連接至電壓偵測裝置 之反相輸入終端經由第二輸入選擇裝置/因此，一電池之 一電壓可被正確地偵測於被校準時。 以上目標也可被達成，藉由提供以一電池電壓偵測電 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）· g 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（7 ) 路來偵測每個多數彼此串聯於一蓄電池中之電池之一電壓 的一種方法，其包括：連接至每個電池之正與負電極的一 個第一輸入選擇裝置以選擇一所選定之電池的任一正或負 電壓並且獲取該電池之一電壓；連接至每個電池之正與負 電極的一個第二輸入選擇裝置以選擇所選定之電池的任一 正或負電壓並且獲取該電池之一電壓； 一電壓偵測裝置以獲取來自第一及第二輸入選擇裝置 之輸出電壓的一個偵測輸出電壓；以及一處理裝置以轉換 來自電壓偵測裝置之偵測電池輸出電壓從類比至數位以利 計算因而提供個別電池之電壓， 其方法包括，依據本發明，下列步驟： 選擇一輸入至第一輸入選擇裝置及一輸入至第二輸入 選擇裝置以從電壓偵測裝置供應一正的偵測輸出電壓至處 理裝置之類比/數位轉換器，並且根據連接至任一第一或 第二輸入選擇裝置之一已知校準參考電壓來計算電壓偵測 裝置之一放大因數； 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 經由第一及第二輸入選擇裝置來從一電池之一相同電 極供應一共同模式電壓至電壓偵測裝置以獲取一第一正偵 測輸出電壓，其指示由於供應至電壓偵測裝置之共同模式 電壓所導致之一誤差； 供應一個於正電池電極由第一輸入裝置所選擇之電壓 至電壓偵測裝置之一非反相輸入終端以及一個由第二輸入 選擇裝置所選擇之負電池電壓至電壓偵測裝置之一反相輸 入終端，以獲取一第二正偵測輸出電壓；以及 -10- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 _B7_ 五、發明説明（8 ) 藉由處理裝置來計算如下以決定一電池電壓： 電壓E =(第二偵測輸出電壓一第一偵測輸出電壓） /電壓放大因數 依據本發明，於電壓放大因數計算步驟中，至第一輸 入選擇裝置之一輸入以及至第二輸入選擇裝置之一輸入被 選擇以從電壓偵測裝置供應一正的偵測輸出電壓至處理裝 置之類比/數位轉換器並且根據一已知的校準參考電壓來 計算電壓偵測裝置之一放大因數。 於第一偵測輸出電壓獲取步驟中，一共同模式電壓經 由第一及第二輸入選擇裝置而從一電池之一相同電極被供 應至電壓偵測裝置以獲取一第一正偵測輸出電壓，其指示 由於供應至電壓偵測裝置之共同模式電壓所導致之一誤差 〇 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 於第二偵測輸出電壓獲取步驟中，於正電池電極之一 電壓被第一輸入選擇裝置所選擇並供應至電壓偵測裝置之 一非反相輸入終端，而一負電池電壓被第二輸入選擇裝置 所選擇並供應至電壓偵測裝置之一反相輸入終端，以獲取 一第二正偵測輸出電壓。 於電池電壓偵測步驟中，處理裝置計算如下以決定一 電壓電壓： 電壓E =(第二偵測輸出電壓一第一偵測輸出電壓）/ 電壓放大因數 以此方式，其電池電壓可被正確地偵測而無關電阻， 例如於電壓偵測裝置中的準確性。 -11 · (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 _ B7_ 五、發明説明（9 ) 依據本發明，於其中一共同模式電壓經由第一及第二 輸入選擇裝置而從一電池之一相同電極被供應至電壓偵測 裝置以獲取指示由於供應至電壓偵測裝置之共同模式電壓 所導致之一誤差的一個第一正偵測輸出電壓之步驟中，電 壓偵測裝置之多數電阻的電阻値被設定以致電壓偵測裝置 之偵測輸出電壓，其被供應至處理裝置之類比/數位轉換 器，總是爲一正電壓。 於是，因電壓偵測裝置總是提供一正的偵測輸出電壓 至處理裝置之類比/數位轉換器，故輸入至類比/數位轉 換器之電壓範圍可被限制於正的電壓範圍。因此，類比/ 數位轉換器可具有只有一正電壓範圍於其中之一解析度， 並且它可以不需要一較高的解析度而因此可被製造以較其 必須具有正與負電壓範圍之類比/數位轉換器爲少~的成本 〇 本發明之這些目標及其他目標，特徵及優點將從下列 本發明之較佳實施例的詳細說明中變爲更明確，當與其伴 隨圖形連結時。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 圖示簡單說明 圖1是一種傳統電池電壓偵測電路之一電路圖； 圖2是包含於圖1之電池電壓偵測電路中之一電壓偵 測器的一個電路圖； 圖3是其傳統電池電壓偵測電路之缺點將被解釋所參 考之一電路圖； -12- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X29*7公釐） 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1〇 ) 圖4是依據本發明之電池電壓偵測電路之一較佳實施 例的一個方塊圖； 圖5是包含於圖4之電池電壓偵測電路中之電壓偵測 裝置的一個電路圖； 圖6是依據本發明之電池電壓偵測電路之另一較佳實 施例的一個電路圖； 圖7是依據本發明之電池電壓偵測電路的一個流程圖 :以及 圖8是依據本發明之電池電壓偵測電路之另一較佳實 施例的一個電路圖。 符號說明 la，lb，lc，ld 電池 2，3 感應線 8 操作放大器 8 a 非反相終端 8 b 反相終端 R1，R2，R3，R4 電阻 9 電池電壓偵測器 1 1 電壓輸出 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 20 電池電壓偵測電路 22 第一輸入選擇裝置 24 第二輸入選擇裝置 26 校準負參考電壓 30 電池電壓偵測器 37 操作放大器 38a，38b，38c，38d 調整電阻 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -13 - 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（n ) 40 處理裝置 43 A/D轉換器 45 算術單元 50，51，52，53，54，55 感應線 59，60 感應線 80 顯示單元 82 非反相輸入終端 83 反相輸入終端 100 輸出電壓 126 正電壓校準參考電壓 159， 160 感應線 較佳實施例的詳細說明 應注意本發明並未侷限於其將被說明於下之本發明的 實施例。 〜 圖4顯示，以一方塊圖之型式，依據本發明之一蓄電 池之電池電壓偵測電路的第一較佳實施例，其中多~數電池 被彼此串聯且採用以偵測每個電池之一電壓。 於圖4中，電池電壓偵測電路通常被指示以一參數2 0。電壓偵測電路被採用以偵測每個多數電池1 a至1 d ，例如鋰離子電池或鎳鎘電池，之一電壓。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 這些彼此串聯之電池，被指示以參數1 a之一電池具 有一最高電位，而被指示以參數1 d之一電池具有一最低 電位。因此，電池電位是依電池l a至1 d而依次降低的 〇 爲了測量每個電池1 a至1 d之電壓，其電池電壓偵 測電路2 0包括一第一輸入選擇裝置2 2，第二輸入選擇 裝置2 4，校準負參考電壓或電壓源2 6，電池電壓偵測 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公嫠） -14 - 486833 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（12 ) 器3 0及一處理裝置4 0，如圖4中所顯示。 第一及第二輸入選擇裝置2 2及2 4個別被連接至電 池1 a之正電極以及電池1 d之負電極。 此外，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2被連接於至一接地電位 GND而第二輸入選擇裝置2 4被連接至校準負參考電壓 2 6° 第一輸入選擇裝置2 2被個別電連至電池之正與負電 極以感應線50，5 1 ，52，53，54，及55，而 同樣地第二輸入選擇裝置2 4被個別電連至正與負電極以 感應線 50，5 1，52，53，54 及 55。 第一輸入選擇裝置2 2可選擇每個電池之任一感應線 5 0至5 5或連接至GND之一感應線5 9因而可被連接 至電池電壓偵測器3 0。同樣地，第二輸入選擇裝置2 4 可選擇每個電池之任一感應線5 0至5 5或連接至負電壓 校準參考電壓2 6之一感應線6 0因而可被連接至電壓偵 測器3 0。 圖5是包含於圖4之電壓偵測電路中之電壓偵測器 3 0的一個電路圖。電壓偵測器3 0包括一操作放大器 3 7及四個調整電阻3 8 a至3 8 d。電阻3 8 a被連接 於第一輸入選擇裝置2 2與操作放大器3 7的一個非反相 輸入終端8 2之間。電阻3 8 c被連接於第二輸入選擇裝 置2 4與操作放大器3 7的一個反相輸入終端8 3之間。 第一輸入選擇裝置2 2提供一第一輸出電壓V 1而第 二輸入選擇裝置2 4提供一第二輸出電壓V2，個別地， 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -15- --------0^------1T------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 486833 A7 _'__B7_ 五、發明説明（13 ) 至操作放大器3 7，其中第一及第二輸出電壓V 1及V 2 接受一預定之計算以提供一偵測輸出電壓1 0 0至處理裝 置4 0。 於圖4中，電壓偵測器3 0被連接至處理裝置4 0， 其包括一類比/數位轉換器（將被參考爲> A / D轉換器 〃於下文中）4 3以及一算術單元4 5，例如微電腦。 A / D轉換器4 3轉換供應自電壓偵測器3 0之偵測 輸出電壓1 0 0從類比至數位並提供輸出電壓之一數位値 至算術單元4 5。 算術單元4 5以一預定之方式來處理供應之數位値以 提供每個所要之電池的一個電壓，即，數位地指示其於一 顯示單元8 0上，例如，顯示單元8 0可以是一種L C顯 示板，電漿顯示板，C R T (陰極射線管）或一螢光特性 顯示管。顯示單元8 0也可輸送偵測電池電壓信號爲一輸 出至一外界裝置。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖7爲依據本發明之電池電壓偵測的一個流程圖。其 將參考圖7而被解釋於下其圖4中所顯示之任一電池1 a 至1 d如何依據本發明來被偵測以電壓偵測電路2 0。 於步驟ST 1中，其圖4中之電壓偵測器3 0的一個 電壓放大因數被計算，而於步驟S 丁 2中，其代表電壓偵 測器3 0之一誤差，由於一共同模式電壓，之一正電壓的 一個第一偵測輸出電壓被獲得。於步驟S T 3中，其爲一 正電壓之一第二偵測輸出電壓被獲得，而於步驟S T 4中 ，一電池電壓被計算。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）~- 16_ " 486833 A7 _____B7__ 五、發明説明（14 ) 步驟ST 1包括兩個子步驟s 1及S 2。 於子步驟S 1中，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2選擇接地電 位GND，而第二輸入選擇裝置2 4選擇負電壓校準參考 電壓2 6。因此，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2供應接地電位（ =〇 V )之一第一輸出電壓V 1至電壓偵測器3 0中之操 作敢大器3 7的非反相輸入終端8 2，而第二輸入選擇裝 置2 4供應來自負電壓校準參考電壓2 6之一負電壓成爲 一第二輸出電壓V 2至操作放大器3 7之反相輸入終端 8 3° 因爲來自負電壓校準參考電壓2 6之電壓被反相於反 相輸入終端8 3，所以操作放大器3 7將永遠提供一正的 偵測輸出電壓1 0 0至A / D轉換器4 3。 於子步驟S 2中，電壓偵測器3 0之一較適宜的放大 因數A被事先計算以處理裝置4 0中之算術單元4 5，假 設其來自負電壓校準參考電壓2 6之電壓爲已知。 其操作繼續至圖7中之步驟ST2。此步驟ST2包 括兩個子步驟S 3及S 4。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 於子步驟S 3中，第一及第二輸入選擇裝置2 2及 2 4選擇一相同的電池電極來接收一相同的輸入電壓。第 一及第二輸入選擇裝置2 2及2 4只選擇相關於電池1 a 之感應線5 0以接收來自電池1 a之一正電壓成爲一共同 模式電壓。於此狀況中，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2未被連接 至GND而第二輸入選擇裝置2 4未被連接至負電壓校準 參考電壓2 6。 -17- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（15 ) 於子步驟S 4中，代表由於電壓偵測器3 0中之共同 模式電壓之一誤差的一個第一偵測輸出電壓1 〇 〇 A被傳 遞至處理裝置4 0之A/D轉換器4 3。 於子步驟S 3及S 4中，來自一相同電池之一共同模 式電壓可經由第一及第二輸入選擇裝置2 2及2 4而被供 應至電壓偵測器3 0以提供代表電壓偵測器3 0中之共同 模式電壓的誤差的第一偵測輸出電壓（最好是正電壓）。 接下來，其操作繼續至步驟ST3，步驟ST3包括 兩個子步驟S 5及S 6。 於步驟S 5中，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2選擇電池之正 電極而第二輸入選擇裝置2 4選擇電池之負電極。於此狀 況中，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2之第一輸出電壓V 1被供應 至電壓偵測器3 0中之操作放大器3 7的非反相輸入終端 8 2而第二輸入選擇裝置2 4之第二輸出電壓V 2被供應 至操作放大器3 7之反相輸入終端8 3。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 於子步驟S 6中，電壓偵測器3 0之操作放大器3 7 計算來自供應於其反相及非反相輸入終端8 3及8 2上之 電壓的一個第二偵測輸出電壓1 〇 〇 B。第二偵測輸出電 壓1 Ο Ο B被傳送至處理裝置4 0之A/D轉換器4 3， 被轉換從類比至數位並傳送至算術單元4 5。 因此於子步驟S 5及S 6，第一輸入選擇裝置2 2選 擇一正電池電極並供應電壓於電極上至電壓偵測器3 0之 操作放大器3 7的非反相輸入終端8 2，而第二輸入選擇 裝置2 4選擇一負電池電極並供應電壓於電極上至操作放 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） ~ " 486833 A7 ____B7__ 五、發明説明（16 ) 大器3 7之反相輸入終端8 3，因而提供第二正偵測輸出 電壓1 Ο Ο B。 根據電壓偵測器之電壓放大因數A，決定於步驟 S T 1，於步驟s T 2所決定之第一偵測輸出電壓 1 Ο Ο A及步驟s T 3所決定之第二偵測輸出電壓 100B，其圖4中之處理裝置40的算術單元45可準 確且輕易地計算一所要之電池1 a的電壓E，例如，使用 下列表示：Ra, Rb: resistances of resistors R1 and R2 値 VI: battery voltage with the highest voltage V2: total voltage of other batteries, so V〇 = Vp — Rd (V2-Vp) / Rc This paper standard applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X29 * 7mm) -5- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 486833 A7 ______B7_ V. Description of the invention (3) where Rc, Rd: resistances of resistors R3 and R4 値 assume R a = R c and R b = R d ......... (1) Then, VO ^ Rd. Vl / Rc ......... (2) When V1 = 0V, operate the amplifier The output V0 should be 0. However, in fact, V1 will not be 0V due to the error in operating the amplifier due to the common mode voltage. ......... ① means (1) is actually impossible. When (1) is impossible, the output V 0 of the operational amplifier has an error proportional to a voltage V 2... ② These errors ① and ② cause the battery voltage detection circuit to decrease. Detection accuracy. In addition, since a battery voltage detector 9 is required for each battery in the conventional battery voltage detection circuit shown in FIG. 2, it is more complicated. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery voltage detection circuit with a simplified structure and can detect a voltage of each battery in a storage battery with high accuracy. The above objective can be achieved by providing a voltage detection circuit for a plurality of batteries connected to each other in a storage battery in series according to the present invention, and adopting to detect a voltage of each battery, including:-a first input selection device Connected to the positive and negative electrodes of each battery to select any of the positive and negative batteries of a selected battery and obtain 0 ^ ------ 1T of its battery (Please read the Note: Please fill in this page again) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) -6-486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) A voltage;-The second input selection device is connected to each Positive and negative electrodes of each battery to select any of the positive or negative electrodes of the selected battery and obtain a lightning voltage of its battery;-a voltage detection device to obtain a detection output voltage from the first and table one input selection devices The output voltage of the battery; and a processing device for converting the output voltage of the detected battery from the voltage detection device from analog to digital to facilitate calculation, thereby determining the voltage of the individual battery. According to the present invention, in order to detect the voltage of each of a plurality of batteries connected in series in a storage battery, the positive and negative electrodes of the batteries are connected to the first output selection device to select any one of the positive or negative electrodes of a selected battery and Get the voltage of the selected battery. The positive or negative electrode of the battery is also connected to the second input selection means to select the positive and negative electrodes of a selected battery and obtain the voltage of the selected battery. The voltage detection device is used to obtain a detected battery output voltage from a first battery output voltage from one of the first input selection devices and a second battery output voltage from one of the second input selection devices. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The processing device converts the detection voltage output voltage from the voltage detection device from analog to digital to facilitate calculation. Voltage. Therefore, a voltage detection device must be provided for each of the majority of batteries. Each battery is selected with a single voltage detection device, and an output voltage detected by the voltage detection device is converted from analog to digital to facilitate calculation to determine the voltage of each battery. Therefore, since most voltage detection devices can not be provided with a majority of batteries connected in series, the voltage detection circuit can be adapted to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) for this paper size. 486833 A7 B7__ V. Description of the invention ( 5) Simple construction. The voltage detection circuit according to the present invention can also be used to detect a voltage of a single battery. According to the present invention, the voltage detection circuit should preferably include a non-inverting input terminal and an inverting input terminal, an operational amplifier, and multiple adjustment resistors to provide the operational amplifier. The processing device includes an analog / digital converter to convert a detection output voltage from analog to digital, and an arithmetic unit to calculate a digital signal to provide a voltage for each battery. Therefore, the detected output voltage from the voltage detection device can be digitally calculated to process the device to determine the battery voltage. According to the present invention, the first input selection device should preferably be selectable and connected to a ground potential, and the second input selection device should preferably be able to select a positive voltage calibration voltage for which one of the battery voltages is calibrated. 〇 According to the present invention, the first input selection device should preferably be able to select a positive voltage calibration voltage for which one of the battery voltages is calibrated, and the second input selection device should preferably be selectable and connected to a ground potential. . Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Therefore, the amplitude level of the amplifier can be checked to supply the voltage detection device via the first input selection device. The comparison between the positive reference calibration voltage of the non-inverting terminal and the ground potential of the inverting terminal supplied to the voltage detection device via the second input selection device. At the same time, the level of the amplitude by operating the amplifier can be checked to be supplied to the ground potential of the non-inverting terminal of the voltage detection device via the first input selection device and to the voltage detection device via the second input selection device # . This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 〇486833 A7 _____B7_ V. Description of the invention (6) Comparison between the negative voltage calibration reference voltage of the inverting terminal. According to the invention, the battery voltage detection circuit should preferably be used so that when one of the same electrodes of a battery is selected with the first and second input selection devices and a common mode voltage is supplied to the non-inverting voltage detection device And inverting input terminals, the resistance of the adjusting resistor provided to the voltage detection device is set to provide an output voltage from the voltage detection device, and the positive output voltage from the voltage detection device is supplied to the processing device. The analog / digital converter provides an error of the voltage detection device to its common mode voltage supplier. That is, when the common mode voltage is supplied to the voltage detection device, the latter will not provide a voltage that is actually one of zero volts, that is, the voltage from the voltage detection device contains an error. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). Therefore, because the voltage detection device always provides a positive detection output voltage, the analog / digital converter of the processing device A positive battery output voltage is supplied so that the range of the voltage input to the analog / digital converter can be limited to a positive voltage range. Therefore, the analog / digital converter can have only a positive voltage range in one of the solutions, and it can not require a higher cost performance and can therefore be manufactured to have an analog / digital conversion than it must have a positive and negative voltage range. Device for low cost. According to the invention, the battery voltage detection circuit should preferably be used so that the positive terminal of a battery is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage detection device via the first input selection device and the negative terminal of the battery is connected to the voltage detection The inverting input terminal of the testing device is selected via the second input device / thus, a voltage of a battery can be correctly detected when being calibrated. The above goal can also be achieved by providing a battery voltage to detect the size of the paper. Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) · g 486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) way to detect A method for each voltage of a plurality of batteries in a battery in series with each other, including: a first input selection device connected to the positive and negative electrodes of each battery to select any one of the positive or negative of a selected battery A negative voltage and obtaining a voltage of the battery; a second input selection device connected to the positive and negative electrodes of each battery to select any positive or negative voltage of the selected battery and obtain a voltage of the battery; a voltage A detection device to obtain a detection output voltage from the first and second input selection devices; and a processing device to convert the detection battery output voltage from the voltage detection device from analog to digital for calculation and thus provide The voltage of an individual battery includes the following steps according to the present invention: selecting an input to a first input selecting device and an input to a second The input selection device supplies a positive detection output voltage from the voltage detection device to the analog / digital converter of the processing device, and is calculated based on a known calibration reference voltage connected to one of the first or second input selection devices One of the amplification factors of the voltage detection device; the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the first and second input selection devices to supply a common mode voltage from the same electrode of a battery to the voltage detection device to obtain a first A positive detection output voltage indicating an error due to a common mode voltage supplied to the voltage detection device; supplying a non-reverse voltage at a positive battery electrode selected by the first input device to a voltage detection device Phase input terminal and a negative battery voltage selected by the second input selection device to an inverting input terminal of the voltage detection device to obtain a second positive detection output voltage; and -10- (Please read the Note: Please fill in this page again) This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 486833 A7 _B7_ Description of the invention (8) The processing device is used to calculate the following to determine a battery voltage: voltage E = (second detection output voltage-first detection output voltage) / voltage amplification factor According to the present invention, in the voltage amplification factor calculation step, In the input to the first input selection device and the input to the second input selection device are selected to supply a positive detection output voltage from the voltage detection device to the analog / digital converter of the processing device and according to a A known calibration reference voltage is used to calculate an amplification factor of the voltage detection device. In the first detection output voltage obtaining step, a common mode voltage is supplied from one of the same electrodes of a battery to the voltage detection device through the first and second input selection devices to obtain a first positive detection output voltage. It indicates an error caused by the common mode voltage supplied to the voltage detection device. The employee consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the second detection output voltage acquisition step. The input selection device is selected and supplied to a non-inverting input terminal of the voltage detection device, and a negative battery voltage is selected by the second input selection device and supplied to an inverting input terminal of the voltage detection device to obtain a The second positive detection output voltage. In the battery voltage detection step, the processing device calculates the following to determine a voltage voltage: voltage E = (second detection output voltage-first detection output voltage) / voltage amplification factor In this way, its battery voltage can be correctly Ground detection regardless of resistance, such as accuracy in voltage detection devices. -11 · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 486833 A7 _ B7_ V. Description of the invention (9) According to the present invention, among which A common mode voltage is supplied from a same electrode of a battery to the voltage detection device via the first and second input selection devices to obtain a first indication indicating an error due to the common mode voltage supplied to the voltage detection device. In a step of positively detecting the output voltage, the resistance 多数 of most of the resistors of the voltage detection device is set so that the detection output voltage of the voltage detection device is supplied to the analog / digital converter of the processing device, which is always one. Positive voltage. Therefore, since the voltage detection device always provides a positive detection output voltage to the analog / digital converter of the processing device, the voltage range input to the analog / digital converter can be limited to the positive voltage range. Therefore, the analog / digital converter may have only a positive voltage range at one of the resolutions, and it may not require a higher resolution and can therefore be manufactured to have an analogy of having a positive and negative voltage range / Digital converters are less expensive. These and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present invention when linked to its accompanying graphics. Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Brief description. Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional battery voltage detection circuit. Figure 2 is a voltage detector included in the battery voltage detection circuit of Figure 1. Circuit diagram; Figure 3 is one of the circuit diagrams for the shortcomings of the traditional battery voltage detection circuit; -12- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210X29 * 7mm) 486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) Figure 4 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a battery voltage detection circuit according to the present invention; Figure 5 is included in Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a voltage detection device in a battery voltage detection circuit; FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of another preferred embodiment of a battery voltage detection circuit according to the present invention; FIG. 7 is a battery voltage detection circuit according to the present invention And FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of another preferred embodiment of a battery voltage detection circuit according to the present invention. Explanation of symbols la, lb, lc, ld Battery 2, 3 Induction line 8 Operational amplifier 8 a Non-inverting terminal 8 b Inverting terminal R1, R2, R3, R4 Resistance 9 Battery voltage detector 1 1 Voltage output Central Standard Bureau employee consumer cooperative printed (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 20 Battery voltage detection circuit 22 First input selection device 24 Second input selection device 26 Calibration negative reference voltage 30 Battery voltage detector 37 Operation amplifiers 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d. Adjust the resistance. The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm). -13-486833 A7 B7. 5. Description of the invention (n) 40 Processing device 43 A / D converter 45 Arithmetic unit 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55 Induction line 59, 60 Induction line 80 Display unit 82 Non-inverting input terminal 83 Inverting input terminal 100 Output voltage 126 Positive voltage calibration reference voltage 159, 160 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments of the present invention which will be described below. ~ Figure 4 shows a block diagram of a first preferred embodiment of a battery voltage detection circuit for a battery according to the present invention, in which a plurality of batteries are connected in series with each other and are used to detect one of each battery. Voltage. In FIG. 4, the battery voltage detection circuit is generally indicated with a parameter 20. The voltage detection circuit is used to detect the voltage of most batteries 1 a to 1 d, such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel-cadmium battery. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). These batteries connected in series are indicated with one of the parameters 1 a. The battery has a highest potential and is indicated with the parameter 1 d. One of the batteries has a minimum potential. Therefore, the battery potential is sequentially reduced according to the batteries 1a to 1d. In order to measure the voltage of each battery 1a to 1d, its battery voltage detection circuit 20 includes a first input selection device 22 and a second input Select device 2 4, calibrate negative reference voltage or voltage source 2 6, battery voltage detection. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 cm) -14-486833 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) A device 30 and a processing device 40, as shown in FIG. The first and second input selection devices 2 2 and 24 are individually connected to the positive electrode of the battery 1 a and the negative electrode of the battery 1 d. In addition, the first input selection device 2 2 is connected to a ground potential GND and the second input selection device 2 4 is connected to the calibration negative reference voltage 2 6 °. The first input selection device 2 2 is individually electrically connected to the positive of the battery. The negative electrodes are connected to the sense lines 50, 5 1, 52, 53, 54, and 55, and the second input selection device 24 is similarly electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes to sense the lines 50, 5 1, 52, 53. , 54 and 55. The first input selection device 2 2 can select any one of the sensing lines 50 to 5 5 of each battery or one of the sensing lines 5 9 connected to GND, so that it can be connected to the battery voltage detector 30. Similarly, the second input selection device 2 4 can select any one of the sensing wires 50 to 55 of each battery or one of the sensing wires 6 0 connected to the negative voltage calibration reference voltage 2 6 so that it can be connected to a voltage detector. 3 0. FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the voltage detector 30 included in the voltage detection circuit of FIG. 4. The voltage detector 30 includes an operational amplifier 37 and four adjusting resistors 3 8 a to 3 8 d. The resistor 38a is connected between the first input selection means 22 and a non-inverting input terminal 82 of the operational amplifier 37. A resistor 3 8 c is connected between the second input selection means 2 4 and an inverting input terminal 83 of the operational amplifier 37. The first input selection device 2 2 provides a first output voltage V 1 and the second input selection device 2 4 provides a second output voltage V 2. Individually, this paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). ) -15- -------- 0 ^ ------ 1T ------ (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 486833 A7 _'__ B7_ V. Description of the invention ( 13) To the operational amplifier 37, wherein the first and second output voltages V1 and V2 are subjected to a predetermined calculation to provide a detection output voltage 100 to the processing device 40. In FIG. 4, the voltage detector 30 is connected to the processing device 40, which includes an analog / digital converter (to be referred to as > A / D converter (below)) 4 3 and an arithmetic unit 4 5 For example, microcomputer. The A / D converter 4 3 converts the detection supplied from the voltage detector 3 0 to the output voltage 1 0 0 from analog to digital and provides one of the output voltages to the arithmetic unit 45. The arithmetic unit 45 processes the supplied digits in a predetermined manner to provide a voltage for each desired battery, ie, digitally indicate it on a display unit 80. For example, the display unit 80 may be an LC Display board, plasma display board, CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) or a fluorescent display tube. The display unit 80 can also send the detected battery voltage signal as an output to an external device. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Figure 7 is a flowchart of battery voltage detection according to the present invention. It will be explained with reference to FIG. 7 in how any one of the batteries 1 a to 1 d shown in FIG. 4 below is detected by the voltage detection circuit 20 according to the present invention. In step ST 1, a voltage amplification factor of the voltage detector 30 in FIG. 4 is calculated, and in step S D2, it represents an error of the voltage detector 30, due to a common mode voltage A positive detection output voltage of a positive voltage is obtained. In step S T 3, a second detection output voltage, which is a positive voltage, is obtained, and in step S T 4, a battery voltage is calculated. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~-16_ " 486833 A7 _____B7__ V. Description of the invention (14) Step ST 1 includes two sub-steps s 1 and S 2. In sub-step S1, the first input selection device 2 2 selects the ground potential GND, and the second input selection device 2 4 selects the negative voltage calibration reference voltage 26. Therefore, the first input selection device 22 supplies one of the first output voltage V 1 to the ground potential (= 0V) to the non-inverting input terminal 8 2 of the voltage detector 30 to operate the large detector 37, and The second input selection means 2 4 supplies a negative voltage from one of the negative voltage calibration reference voltages 26 to a second output voltage V 2 to the inverting input terminal 8 of the operational amplifier 3 7 because it comes from the negative voltage calibration reference voltage 2 6 The voltage is inverted at the inverting input terminal 8 3, so the operational amplifier 37 will always provide a positive detection output voltage 100 to the A / D converter 43. In sub-step S 2, one of the more appropriate amplification factors A of the voltage detector 30 is calculated in advance to process the arithmetic unit 45 in the device 40, assuming that its voltage from the negative voltage calibration reference voltage 26 is already know. Its operation continues to step ST2 in FIG. 7. This step ST2 includes two sub-steps S3 and S4. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In sub-step S3, the first and second input selection devices 22 and 24 select a same battery electrode to receive a same input voltage. The first and second input selection devices 2 2 and 2 4 only select the induction line 50 related to the battery 1 a to receive a positive voltage from the battery 1 a into a common mode voltage. In this situation, the first input selection device 2 2 is not connected to GND and the second input selection device 2 4 is not connected to the negative voltage reference voltage 26. -17- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15) In sub-step S 4, A first detection output voltage 1000A representing an error due to one of the common mode voltages in the voltage detector 30 is passed to the A / D converter 43 of the processing device 40. In sub-steps S 3 and S 4, a common mode voltage from a same battery can be supplied to the voltage detector 30 through the first and second input selection devices 22 and 24 to provide representative voltage detection. The first detection output voltage (preferably a positive voltage) of the common mode voltage error in the device 30. Next, its operation continues to step ST3, which includes two sub-steps S5 and S6. In step S5, the first input selection means 22 selects the positive electrode of the battery and the second input selection means 24 selects the negative electrode of the battery. In this situation, the first output voltage V 1 of the first input selection device 2 2 is supplied to the non-inverting input terminal 8 2 of the operational amplifier 3 7 in the voltage detector 30 and the second input selection device 2 4 The second output voltage V 2 is supplied to the inverting input terminal 83 of the operational amplifier 37. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). In sub-step S 6, the operational amplifier 3 7 of the voltage detector 3 0 is calculated from the supply of its inverting and non- A second detection output voltage 100B of the voltages at the inverting input terminals 83 and 82. The second detection output voltage 1 0 0 B is transmitted to the A / D converter 4 3 of the processing device 40, converted from analog to digital and transmitted to the arithmetic unit 45. Therefore, in the sub-steps S 5 and S 6, the first input selection device 22 selects a positive battery electrode and supplies a voltage to the electrode to the non-inverting input terminal 8 2 of the operational amplifier 3 7 of the voltage detector 30, and The second input selection device 2 4 selects a negative battery electrode and supplies a voltage to the electrode to handle the paper. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ " 486833 A7 ____B7__ V. Description of the invention (16 ) The inverting input terminal 8 3 of the amplifier 3 7 provides a second positive detection output voltage 1 Ο Ο B. According to the voltage amplification factor A of the voltage detector, it is determined in step ST1, the first detection output voltage 1 〇 A determined in step s T 2 and the second detection output voltage 100B determined in step s T 3 The arithmetic unit 45 of the processing device 40 in FIG. 4 can accurately and easily calculate the voltage E of a desired battery 1 a. For example, the following expression is used:
E = (100B-100A)/A 因此，圖5中之電阻3 8 a至3 8 d之中的電阻値之 一誤差可被忽略，即，由於電壓偵測器3 0之電阻之中的 準確性中之差異所導致之一誤差可被消除以第一偵測輸出 電壓1 0 0A。因此，無需使用其爲昂貴且具有一高準確 度之電阻3 8 a至3 8 d，而每個電池之電壓可被準確且 輕易地偵測。 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 於步驟S T 3，當第一輸入選擇裝置2 2選擇一正電 池電極而第二輸入選擇裝置2 4選擇一負電池電極時，則 來自第一輸入選擇裝置2 2之第一輸出電壓V 1被供應至 電壓偵測器3 0中之操作放大器3 7的非反相輸入終端 8 2而來自第二輸入選擇裝置2 4之第二輸出電壓V 2被 供應至操作放大器3 7之反相輸入終端8 3。於是，因經 由反相及非反相輸入終端8 3及8 2所獲取之電壓永遠爲 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） -19- 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（17 ) 正，故第二偵測輸出電壓1 Ο Ο B也永遠爲正。於是，因 第二偵測輸出電壓1 〇 〇被獲取進入處理裝置4 〇中之A /D轉換器4 3，故輸入至A/D轉換器4 3之範圍可以 永遠爲正。 此外，因相同的電池電極（正或負）被選擇以第一及 第二輸入選擇裝置2 2及2 4來獲取由共同模式電壓所導 致之一誤差，故來自電壓偵測器3 0之第一偵測輸出電壓 1 Ο 0A爲負，如可能是導因於電阻3 8 a至3 8 d之電’ 阻値中之一變異的狀況。 爲了處理負電壓，則其輸入至A/D轉換器3 0之範 圍必須爲正與負電壓，而因此A/D轉換器3 0應具有一 較寬的電壓輸入範圍。因此，A/D轉換器3 0應具有一 較高的解析度因而將是昂貴的。 ~ 爲了不具有如此高之一解析度因而不如此昂貴的一個 A/D轉換器4 3，依據本發明之電壓偵測器3 0利用電 阻3 8 a至3 8 d，每個具此一電阻値以致其電壓偵測器 3 0之第一偵測輸出電壓1 0 〇 A爲正，來滿足下列需求 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 其中R38a爲電阻3 8 a之電阻値，R38b爲電阻3 8 b 之電阻値，R 3 8。爲電阻3 8 C’之電阻値而R 3 8 d爲電阻 3 8 d之電阻値。 -20- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 B7 五、發明説明（18 ) 爲了滿足以上需求，額外的電阻3 8 e及3 8 ί應最 好是被提供來與如圖6中所顯示之已存在電阻3 8 a至 3 8 d結合。當然，電阻可以被結合以除了圖6中所顯示 以外之任何其他方式。 因校準參考電壓2 6被使用於輸入至A/D轉換器 4 3之範圍永遠爲正時，如已於前面所被說明，故處理裝 置4 0之輸入至A/D轉換器4 3的範圍可以只爲正因而 處理裝置4 0可被相當簡化其結構且因此變爲不昂貴。 圖8是依據本發明之電池電壓偵測電路之第五較佳實 施例的一個電路圖。圖8中之電池電壓偵測電路2 0類似 於其圖4中所顯示者，假設其第一輸入選擇裝置2 2可經 由一感應線1 5 9而選擇且被連接至一正電壓校準參考電 壓1 2 6，並且第二輸入選擇裝置2 4可經由一感應線 1 6 0而選擇且被連接至接地電位GND。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 因此，經由第一輸入選擇裝置2 2而被供應至電壓偵 測器3 0中之操作放大器3 7之非反相輸入終端8 2的正 電壓校準參考電壓1 2 6可被比較與經由第二輸入選擇裝 置2 4而被供應至電壓偵測器3 0中之操作放大器3 7之 反相輸入終端8 3的接地電位G N D來檢查電壓偵測器 3 0之操作放大器3 7的放大等級。 圖8中之電壓偵測器3 0的剩餘部分類似於其圖4中 的，並且將不再被說明。 應被注意到其本發明並未被侷限於前面已被說明之較 佳實施例。 -21 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS〉A4規格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 B7_ 五、發明説明（19 ) 本發明之前述的實施例使用所謂的電池。然而，依據 本發明之電壓偵測電路可被採用以偵測每個包含彼此串聯 之多數電池的每個多數蓄電池之一電壓。 電壓偵測器（包含操作放大器，等等）可偵測多數電 池之電壓而因此電路校準可被簡化且電壓偵測器可以是不 昂貴的。 一算術單元，例如微電腦，被使用以計算電壓偵測器 3 0之適宜的放大器因數並且也測量由電壓偵測器3 0中 之共同模式電壓所導致之一誤差，以致其電池電壓可根據 測量之誤差而被校正。因此’，電壓偵測器3 0中之操作放 大器3 7及提供給操作放大器3 7之電阻可能不是如此高 之一準確性。 電壓偵測電路2 0之電壓偵測準確性不受每個電池之 一電壓，電壓偵測器3 0之時間變化及溫度變異所影響， 所以其有可能測量每個電池的電壓。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 因輸入至A/D轉換器之電壓範圍可被限制於一正的 範圍，故A/D轉換器之解析度可以只被決定以電池電壓 的解析度。假如必須決定輸入至A/D轉換器之正與負電 壓的兩個範圍，則一個二位元之較高的解析度，例如，被 獲得。 爲了偵測每個彼此串聯之多數電池之一電壓，本發明 之實施例包括第一與第二輸入選擇裝置，電壓偵測器，A /D轉換器，算術單元及校準參考電壓2 6 0輸入至A/ D轉換器之電壓範圍可被限制於一正的範圍。 -22- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準（CNS ) A4说格（210X297公釐） 486833 A7 _B7_ 五、發明説明（20 ) 應被注意到其電壓偵測之步驟S T 1，S T 2，及 S T 3的順序未被限定於此次序，而是它們可被調換於其 間 行 執 後 最 被 需 4 T 5 驟 步 了 除 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）E = (100B-100A) / A Therefore, one of the resistances 値 among the resistances 3 8 a to 3 8 d in FIG. 5 can be ignored, that is, due to the accuracy of the resistance of the voltage detector 30 One error caused by the difference in performance can be eliminated by the first detection output voltage 100A. Therefore, it is not necessary to use the resistors 3 8 a to 3 8 d which are expensive and have a high accuracy, and the voltage of each battery can be accurately and easily detected. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). At step ST3, when the first input selection device 2 2 selects a positive battery electrode and the second input selection device 2 4 selects In the case of a negative battery electrode, the first output voltage V 1 from the first input selection device 22 is supplied to the non-inverting input terminal 8 2 of the operational amplifier 37 in the voltage detector 30 and the second input The second output voltage V 2 of the selection device 24 is supplied to the inverting input terminal 83 of the operational amplifier 37. Therefore, because the voltage obtained through the inverting and non-inverting input terminals 8 3 and 8 2 is always the standard of the paper, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) is applied. -19- 486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) Positive, so the second detection output voltage 1 〇 〇 B is also always positive. Therefore, since the second detection output voltage 100 is acquired and entered into the A / D converter 43 in the processing device 4, the range of the input to the A / D converter 43 can always be positive. In addition, because the same battery electrode (positive or negative) is selected to use the first and second input selection devices 22 and 24 to obtain an error caused by the common mode voltage, the voltage from the voltage detector 3 0 A detection output voltage of 1 0 0A is negative, if it may be caused by a variation in one of the resistances of the electric resistance '3 8 a to 3 8 d. In order to handle negative voltage, the range of its input to the A / D converter 30 must be positive and negative voltages, and therefore the A / D converter 30 should have a wide voltage input range. Therefore, the A / D converter 30 should have a higher resolution and thus be expensive. ~ In order not to have such a high resolution and thus not so expensive an A / D converter 4 3, the voltage detector 30 according to the present invention uses resistors 3 8 a to 3 8 d, each with this resistor値 The first detection output voltage of its voltage detector 3 0 is 100 A to meet the following requirements. It is printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where R38a is a resistor of 3 8 a a, R38b is The resistance 値 of resistance 3 8 b, R 3 8. Is the resistance 电阻 of the resistance 3 8 C 'and R 3 8 d is the resistance 値 of the resistance 3 8 d. -20- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 486833 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) In order to meet the above requirements, additional The resistors 3 8 e and 3 8 ′ should preferably be provided in combination with the existing resistors 3 8 a to 3 8 d as shown in FIG. 6. Of course, the resistors can be combined in any way other than that shown in FIG. Since the calibration reference voltage 2 6 is used for the range of input to the A / D converter 4 3 is always positive, as described above, the range of the input of the processing device 40 to the range of the A / D converter 4 3 is always positive. It can be just that the processing device 40 can be considerably simplified in its structure and therefore becomes less expensive. FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of a fifth preferred embodiment of a battery voltage detection circuit according to the present invention. The battery voltage detection circuit 20 in FIG. 8 is similar to that shown in FIG. 4. It is assumed that the first input selection device 2 2 can be selected via an induction line 1 5 9 and connected to a positive voltage calibration reference voltage. 1 2 6 and the second input selection device 2 4 can be selected via an induction line 16 0 and connected to the ground potential GND. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Therefore, the positive voltage calibration reference voltage is supplied to the non-inverting input terminal 8 2 of the operational amplifier 3 7 in the voltage detector 30 via the first input selection device 22. 1 2 6 can be compared with the ground potential GND of the inverting input terminal 8 3 of the operational amplifier 3 7 supplied to the voltage detector 3 0 via the second input selection device 24 to check the voltage detector 3 0 Amplification level of the operating amplifier 3 7. The rest of the voltage detector 30 in Fig. 8 is similar to that in Fig. 4 and will not be explained again. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments which have been described above. -21-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS> A4 size (210X297 mm) 486833 A7 B7_ V. Description of the invention (19) The foregoing embodiment of the present invention A so-called battery is used. However, a voltage detection circuit according to the present invention can be employed to detect a voltage of each of the plurality of batteries each including a plurality of batteries connected in series with each other. A voltage detector (including an operational amplifier, etc.) Can detect the voltage of most batteries and therefore circuit calibration can be simplified and the voltage detector can be inexpensive. An arithmetic unit, such as a microcomputer, is used to calculate the appropriate amplifier factor of the voltage detector 30 and also measure An error caused by the common mode voltage in the voltage detector 30, so that its battery voltage can be corrected based on the measurement error. Therefore, the operation amplifier 37 in the voltage detector 30 and provided to the operation The resistance of the amplifier 3 7 may not be as high as one of the accuracy. The voltage detection accuracy of the voltage detection circuit 20 is not affected by one of the voltages of each battery. It is affected by the time change and temperature variation of the tester 30, so it is possible to measure the voltage of each battery. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs due to the voltage range input to the A / D converter can be limited to one The positive range, so the resolution of the A / D converter can only be determined by the resolution of the battery voltage. If it is necessary to determine the two ranges of the positive and negative voltages input to the A / D converter, a two-bit Higher resolutions, for example, are obtained. In order to detect one of the voltages of most batteries connected in series with each other, embodiments of the present invention include first and second input selection devices, voltage detectors, and A / D converters. The range of the voltage input to the A / D converter by the arithmetic unit and calibration reference voltage 2 60 can be limited to a positive range. -22- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National sample standard (CNS) A4 grid (210X297 mm) 486833 A7 _B7_ V. Description of the invention (20) It should be noted that the sequence of steps ST 1, ST 2, and ST 3 for voltage detection is not limited to this Order, but they can After being exchanged for execution, the most required 4 T 5 is removed (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-23- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)