TW451092B - Fine-tuning mechanism of fiber grating - Google Patents
Fine-tuning mechanism of fiber grating Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
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- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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Description
451092 五、發明說明（1) 本發明係有關於一種光纖光柵的微調機構。 光纖光栅（FBG)廣泛應用於製造高密度劃分波長多工 器（Wavelength Division Multiplexer，WDM)網路的各式 元件中‘，例如FBG穩定雷射光源、以及使用於多工器、解 多工器及瑨/減濾波器（add/drop filter)中之各種WDM裝 覃。因為光纖光柵的柵間寬度將決定反射光的中心波長， 所以在設計和製造上皆必須十分精確，然而製造公差會使 得光纖光柵的反射光中心波長偏離設計值。另外在實際使 用時，環境溫度改變將會對光纖光柵產生影響，例如當周 圍環境溫度上升時，光纖因熱脹冷縮效應將會伸長，使得 光纖光柵的柵間寬度變大而偏離設計值。因為上述各種問 題，所以不斷有人試著提出方法來校正、補償偏離值。451092 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a fine-tuning mechanism for a fiber grating. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) are widely used in the manufacture of various components of high-density Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM) networks, such as FBG stabilized laser light sources, and used in multiplexers and demultiplexers. And various WDM equipment in the add / drop filter. Because the grating grid width of the fiber grating will determine the center wavelength of the reflected light, it must be very accurate in design and manufacturing. However, manufacturing tolerances will cause the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating to deviate from the design value. In addition, in actual use, changes in the ambient temperature will have an impact on the fiber grating. For example, when the ambient temperature rises, the fiber will expand due to thermal expansion and contraction, which will cause the grating grating width to deviate from the design value. Because of the various problems mentioned above, there have been attempts to propose methods to correct and compensate for deviations.
Yoffe等人於1 995年發展出一種圓柱形套件（Y〇ffe， G. W. , Krug, P. A., Quellette, F. and Thorncraft, D. A.， "Passive Temperature-Compensating Package for Optical Fiber Grating," Applied Optics,Yoffe et al. Developed a cylindrical kit (Yoffe, G.W., Krug, P.A., Quellette, F. and Thorncraft, D.A., " Passive Temperature-Compensating Package for Optical Fiber Grating, " Applied Optics,
Vol. 34，No. 30， pp.6859-6861(1995))，可用來補償因溫 度改變所產生光纖光栅之反射光中心波長的變化，其將光 纖的一端以樹脂膠固定於金屬元件上，另一端則是固定在 具有螺紋的金屬管上，利用旋轉金屬管而產生進退來調整 光纖上的張力，進而改變光纖光栅的反射光中心波長'以 補償環境溫度造成的中心波長的偏移量。然而，目前工業 螺紋的節距僅能小到某個程度，對於調整光纖光柵而言仍 嫌過大，使得這種方式無法作微調。Vol. 34, No. 30, pp. 6859-6861 (1995)), which can be used to compensate the change of the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating caused by the temperature change. It fixes one end of the fiber to the metal element with resin glue. The other end is fixed on a metal tube with a thread, and the tension on the optical fiber is adjusted by advancing and retreating by rotating the metal tube, and then the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating is changed to compensate for the offset of the center wavelength caused by the ambient temperature. However, the pitch of industrial threads can only be small to a certain extent, which is still too large for adjusting fiber gratings, making it impossible to make fine adjustments in this way.
451092 五、發明說明（2) 有鑑於此，本發明之目的在於提供一種光纖光栅的微 調機構’用於校正製造誤差，而且即使環境溫度發生改 變’本創作之機構也能自動加以補償，使得光纖光柵之反 射光中·心波長不會偏離設計值。 本創作冬光纖光柵的微調機構包括一管子、一第一螺 絲、以及一第二螺絲，其中，第一、二螺絲以可旋轉方式 分別連結在管子的二端上，且第一、二螺絲的節距不相 同’又光纖固定於第一、二螺絲上，可藉由旋轉第一、二 螺絲來調整光纖的張力。由於二螺絲的節距差可以遠小於 任一螺絲的節距，因此便能微量改變光纖被拉伸的長度， 進而產生所欲光柵反射光中心波長的變化量。因此由工廉 所生產的光纖光柵的反射光中心波長如果偏離規格，都可 以利用本發明之微調機構校正回來。 另外，如果光纖二端被固定處之間的距離Lf以及管子 的長度L滿足下列關係： h___ + C£j — CK：^ 其中 下標i、s、I分別代表光纖光栅、螺絲、管子； α為熱膨脹係數； ~為光纖光栅的有效熱膨脹係數； 為在光纖中傳輪的雷射光布拉格（Bragg)波長451092 V. Description of the invention (2) In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fine-tuning mechanism of fiber gratings 'for correcting manufacturing errors, and even if the ambient temperature changes', the mechanism of this creation can automatically compensate for the fiber The center and center wavelength of the reflected light of the grating will not deviate from the design value. The fine-tuning mechanism of this creative fiber optic grating includes a tube, a first screw, and a second screw. Among them, the first and second screws are rotatably connected to the two ends of the tube, respectively. The pitch is not the same, and the optical fiber is fixed on the first and second screws. The tension of the optical fiber can be adjusted by rotating the first and second screws. Since the difference in pitch between the two screws can be much smaller than the pitch of any one screw, the length of the fiber being stretched can be changed in a small amount, and the amount of change in the center wavelength of the reflected light of the desired grating can be generated. Therefore, if the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating produced by Gonglian deviates from the specification, it can be corrected back by using the fine adjustment mechanism of the present invention. In addition, if the distance Lf between the two ends of the optical fiber and the length L of the tube satisfy the following relationship: h___ + C £ j — CK: ^ where the subscripts i, s, and I represent the fiber grating, screw, and tube, respectively; α Is the thermal expansion coefficient; ~ is the effective thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber grating; and is the Bragg wavelength of the laser light passing through the fiber in the fiber
第5頁 451092 五、發明說明（3) &為單純改變作用於該光纖的外力時，該光柵中心波 長的變化量對於該外力變化量之比例係數； A代表戴面積； E為楊氏模數。 則即使環境溫度發生改變，本創作之機構也能自動加以補 償’使得光纖光柵之反射光中心波長不會偏離設計值。 為使本發明之上述目的、特徵、和優點能更明顯易 懂’下文特舉較佳實施例並配合所附圖式做詳細說明β 圖式之簡單說明： 第1圖係本發明之光纖光栅的微調機構之示意圖。 第2圖顯示一實驗結果tit明本發明之光纖光柵的微調 機構對於環境溫度變化具有自動補償的效杲。 標说說明： 1 0〜螺絲； 2 0 ~螺絲； 3 〇〜剛性管子； 4 0〜光纖； 50~樹脂膠； 60〜光柵。 茲配合圖式說明本發明之較佳實施例。 已知如果作用於一光纖光柵的外力（拉力）發生改變， 則此光纖光柵的反射光中心波長將會隨之發生改變，且& 變量為： (1)Page 5 451092 V. Explanation of the invention (3) & is a proportionality coefficient of the change amount of the center wavelength of the grating to the change amount of the external force when the external force acting on the fiber is simply changed; A represents the wearing area; E is the Young's mode number. Even if the ambient temperature changes, the agency of this creation can automatically compensate 'so that the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating will not deviate from the design value. In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, hereinafter, a preferred embodiment is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. A brief description of the β drawing: FIG. 1 is a fiber grating of the present invention Schematic of the fine-tuning mechanism. Fig. 2 shows an experimental result tit showing that the fine-tuning mechanism of the fiber grating of the present invention has the effect of automatically compensating for environmental temperature changes. Label description: 1 0 ~ screws; 2 0 ~ screws; 3 0 ~ rigid tube; 40 ~ optical fiber; 50 ~ resin glue; 60 ~ grating. The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. It is known that if the external force (pulling force) acting on a fiber grating changes, the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating will change accordingly, and the & variable is: (1)
第6頁 dS\092 五、發明說明（4) 其中AF為外力的變化量’ 為光纖光柵之反射光中心波 長的變化量’ 為實驗所決定的比例係數。Page 6 dS \ 092 V. Explanation of the invention (4) where AF is the amount of change in external force 'is the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating' is a scaling factor determined by experiments.
本發明利用螺絲來微調光纖光柵反射光中心波長的變 化量’然而工業上所採用螺絲，其節距（pitch)最小只能 達到0. 2 mm ’這對於調整光纖光栅而言仍嫌過大，因此本 發明乃利用一組螺絲來調整。請參閱第1圖，第1圖係本發 明之光纖光柵微調機構之示意圖，其中，將一具有光柵6〇 的光纖40同時穿過二螺絲1〇、2〇並以樹脂膠5〇固定住，而 螺絲10、2 0則分別鎖在一剛性管子3 〇的二端，假設螺絲i 〇 的節距為3 ，螺絲20的節距為户2，且巧 >巧，則如果螺絲 10、20同時旋轉一周，便可使光纖4〇長度的變化量為 S = PX-P2 (2) 由於二螺絲的節距差可以遠小於任一螺絲的節距，因此便 能用來調整光纖光柵。由材料力學的基本公式：桿件變形 量5 =(外力F X桿長L) / (桿件揚氏模數Ex桿件截面積A) 以及上述第（1 )( 2)式，可導出光纖4 〇長度變化量々所引起 的光柵之反射光中心波長變化量為The present invention uses screws to fine-tune the change in the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating. However, the screws used in industry can only achieve a minimum pitch of 0.2 mm. This is still too large for adjusting the fiber grating, so The invention uses a set of screws for adjustment. Please refer to FIG. 1. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the optical fiber grating fine-tuning mechanism of the present invention, in which an optical fiber 40 having a grating 60 is passed through two screws 10 and 20 at the same time and fixed with a resin glue 50. The screws 10 and 20 are respectively locked at the two ends of a rigid tube 3 〇, assuming that the pitch of the screw i 〇 is 3, the pitch of the screw 20 is the household 2 and Q > Q, if the screws 10, 20 At the same time, it can make a change of the length of the optical fiber 40 by S = PX-P2. (2) Since the pitch difference between the two screws can be much smaller than the pitch of any screw, it can be used to adjust the fiber grating. From the basic formula of material mechanics: the amount of deformation of the member 5 = (external force FX rod length L) / (Young's modulus of the member Ex member cross-sectional area A) and the above formula (1) (2), the optical fiber 4 can be derived 〇The change of the center wavelength of the reflected light of the grating caused by the length change 々 is
AfEfS 厶/ 其中下標f代表光纖，Α代表截面積，Ε為揚氏模數，L為長 度。AfEfS 厶 / where the subscript f represents the optical fiber, A represents the cross-sectional area, E is the Young's modulus, and L is the length.
第7頁 451092 五、發明說明（5) 能微量改變 光中心波長 反射光中心 機構校'正回 另一個 心波長發生 光纖光柵在 本發明之發 現考慮 由於光纖40 張力變化Ai? 光纖40被拉伸的長度，進而產生所欲光樹反射 的變化量。因此由工廠所生產的光、纖光棚的 波長如果偏離規格，都可以利用本發明之微調 來0 間題是，周圍溫度變化亦會導致光纖光栅的中 改變，而已經由本發明之微調機構所校正過的 出廠後，是否會因環境溫度改變而前功盡棄？ 明人進一步研究後解決這個問題。 溫度效應。當溫度下降時，光纖會產生收縮， 的二端被固定住，因此光纖40將繃的更緊，而 及溫度變他7的關係如下： (4) 其中下標f、 熱膨脹係數 s、I分別代表光纖光柵、螺絲、管子，而 。如果將第（1)式代入第（4)式，則得到 為 C5) ~ΔΤ~ 一 义 T. L~Lf ¢6)Page 7 451092 V. Description of the invention (5) The center wavelength of the light can be changed slightly. The center of the reflected light can be corrected. The fiber grating can be returned to another center wavelength. The discovery of the present invention takes into account the change in the tension of the optical fiber 40. Ai? Length, which in turn produces a change in the desired light tree reflection. Therefore, if the wavelength of the light and fiber optic shed produced by the factory deviates from the specifications, the fine adjustment of the present invention can be used. The problem is that the change in ambient temperature will also cause the middle change of the fiber grating. After calibration, will the previous work be abandoned due to changes in ambient temperature? Ming Ren further research to solve this problem. Temperature effect. When the temperature decreases, the optical fiber will shrink and the two ends will be fixed, so the optical fiber 40 will be tightened tighter, and the relationship between temperature and other factors is as follows: (4) where the subscript f, thermal expansion coefficient s, I are respectively Represents fiber gratings, screws, and pipes. If equation (1) is substituted into equation (4), we get C5) ~ ΔΤ ~ meaning T. L ~ Lf ¢ 6)
又’已知溫度變化對於光纖光柵中心波長的影響為 AXkTAlso ’known that the effect of temperature change on the center wavelength of the fiber grating is AXkT
LT 其中為周圍溫度變化所引起光纖光柵中心波長的變化LT where the change in the center wavelength of the fiber grating caused by ambient temperature changes
第8頁 45l092 五、發明說明（6) ---—---η 量’ 為光纖光柵的有效熱膨脹係數，為在光 傳輸的雷射光布拉格波長。 如果溫度變化時，希望光纖光柵之反射光中心波 要改變、則需要 r ΔΛ = Δ/l^j· = 0 將第（5)(6)式代入第（7)式並整理，可得 h _ — L Stoss ^^Srage (8)Page 8 45l092 V. Description of the invention (6) ------ The amount of η is the effective thermal expansion coefficient of the fiber grating, and is the Bragg wavelength of laser light in optical transmission. If the temperature of the fiber grating is expected to change when the temperature changes, you need r ΔΛ = Δ / l ^ j · = 0. Substituting equation (5) (6) into equation (7) and sorting, we can get h _ — L Stoss ^^ Srage (8)
是以可知’只要依第（8)式來設計光纖二固定端的距離 L lf 、以及管子的長度L，則光纖光栅的反射光中心波長便 不會受到周圍溫度的影響而發生改變。 現利用實驗來印證第（8)式的理論。在此次實驗中， 已知數據如下 ^ = =5.5x10_7(1/°Q ；〜=1.2父10'1/。〇 ; 4=7.〇7χ1〇Ά ^ =1.227xlO"8^2) ； EJ=12Ax\^a{Nlmi) ； Bs = 2Mx\0n(M/m2) ^sraes = 1542(μ»ϊ) > ΚΛ = 0.6883 » L = 0.03(^) 。將以上數據代入第 (8)式’可求出£/=〇_〇21〇51⑽。實驗結果顯示於第2圖，由 1 囷中可看出，環境溫度從-40 °C變化到80 X：，在本發明光 + 纖光柵微調機構的自動補償下’光纖光栅的反射光中心波 長之變化量僅有 1 5 34.638 - 1 534.5 69 = 0.069 (11!11)，幾 乎沒有改變。It is known that as long as the distance L lf of the two fixed ends of the optical fiber and the length L of the tube are designed according to the formula (8), the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating will not be changed by the influence of the surrounding temperature. Experiments are used to confirm the theory of formula (8). In this experiment, the known data is as follows: ^ == 5.5x10_7 (1 / ° Q; ~ = 1.2 parent 10'1 / .〇; 4 = 7.0.7 × 1〇Ά ^ = 1.227xlO " 8 ^ 2); EJ = 12Ax \ ^ a {Nlmi); Bs = 2Mx \ 0n (M / m2) ^ sraes = 1542 (μ »ϊ) > ΚΛ = 0.6883» L = 0.03 (^). By substituting the above data into the formula (8) ', £ / = 〇_〇21〇51⑽ can be obtained. The experimental results are shown in Figure 2. It can be seen from 1 囷 that the ambient temperature changes from -40 ° C to 80 X :, under the automatic compensation of the optical + fiber grating fine-tuning mechanism of the present invention, the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating The amount of change is only 1 5 34.638-1 534.5 69 = 0.069 (11! 11), with little change.
第9頁 451092 五、發明說明（7) 綜上所述，本發明利用二螺絲的節距差來微量改變光 纖被拉伸的長度，進而產生所欲光柵反射光中心波長的變 化量。因此由工廠所生產的光纖光柵的反射光中心波長如 果偏離•規格，都可以利用本發明之微調機構校正回來。另 外，即使先纖光柵出廠後環境溫度發生改變，本創作之機 構也能自動加以補償，使得光纖光柵之反射光中心波長不 會偏離設計值。 雖然本發明已以較佳實 限定本發明，任何熟習此項 神和範圍内，仍可作些許的 護範圍當視後附之申請專利 施例揭路如上，然其並非用以 技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精 更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保 範圍所界定者為準。Page 9 451092 V. Description of the invention (7) In summary, the present invention uses the difference in pitch of the two screws to slightly change the length of the optical fiber being stretched, thereby generating a change in the desired center wavelength of the reflected light of the grating. Therefore, if the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating produced by the factory deviates from the specification, it can be corrected by the fine adjustment mechanism of the present invention. In addition, even if the ambient temperature of the fiber grating is changed after it leaves the factory, the mechanism of this creation can automatically compensate, so that the center wavelength of the reflected light of the fiber grating will not deviate from the design value. Although the present invention has been better defined by the present invention, anyone familiar with this spirit and scope can still make a little protection as the attached patent application example reveals the way as above, but it is not intended for a skilled person. Without departing from the fine modification and retouching of the present invention, the definition of the scope of the present invention shall prevail.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636838A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-08-15 | 杭州联光电子有限公司 | Package method and device for fiber bragg grating with adjustable central wavelength and adjustable temperature coefficient |
| CN103433871A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2013-12-11 | 刘明生 | Long-cycle fiber bragg grating fixing device with quantizable axial stress |
| CN107632389A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-26 | 濮阳光电产业技术研究院 | A kind of multi-wavelength fine setting meter based on fiber grating |
-
2000
- 2000-04-08 TW TW89106556A patent/TW451092B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636838A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2012-08-15 | 杭州联光电子有限公司 | Package method and device for fiber bragg grating with adjustable central wavelength and adjustable temperature coefficient |
| CN102636838B (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-09-11 | 杭州联光电子有限公司 | Package method and device for fiber bragg grating with adjustable central wavelength and adjustable temperature coefficient |
| CN103433871A (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2013-12-11 | 刘明生 | Long-cycle fiber bragg grating fixing device with quantizable axial stress |
| CN107632389A (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-01-26 | 濮阳光电产业技术研究院 | A kind of multi-wavelength fine setting meter based on fiber grating |
| CN107632389B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2024-01-19 | 濮阳光电产业技术研究院 | Multi-wavelength fine tuning meter based on fiber grating |
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