TW418355B - Multi-user intelligent power meter device - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-user intelligent power meter device has a plurality of sampling circuits, a plurality of signal processing devices and a microprocessor with a plurality of input/output peripheries. By connecting the circuit lines of power distribution of consuming power units of multi users to the same power meter device, the power meter device measures and processes the power parameters of the consuming power units and transmits them to specific peripheries. The specific processing unit which is formed with specific software combined with the microprocessor provides remote control, remote communication, specific time period of pricing, time sharing process and the alarm function for continued overload power consumption.

Description

Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives ^ 4183 55 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (y [Field of invention] The present invention relates to a multi-user smart electrical device, especially for a community or building user concentration office, A multi-user smart power device for measuring the power signals of multiple power units at the same time. [Previous technology] The conventional power device, whether using an inductive mechanical or electronic digital power meter, is designed for a single user. For the users of the community or building, if the watt-hour meter used in the form of a single user is still used, the convenience provided by the concentration of the transmission lines of each user is not effectively used, resulting in overlapping common resources and increasing the cost. The cost of the meter is high, and in terms of meter reading, the implementation of the data communication meter reading system is not good because of the large number of meters. Although there are currently meter reading devices that use infrared I / O devices instead of manual meter registration, Of course, for hundreds of electricity bills in a community ^^] ^^. Checking the table, if you do not effectively use the characteristics of community concentration, you will not be able to achieve the province _ hour W Power saving effect. In addition, for the company's own profit or for the purpose of encouraging the effective use of electricity, the electricity company has different charging methods for different off-peak hours. However, the pricing will vary with the power supply and the electricity consumption habits of the power unit. If the time period changes accordingly, each watt-hour meter must be adjusted one by one, even if the user is concentrated in the building or the community. The present invention relates to a multi-user intelligent power device, which is directed to the aforementioned conventional power consumption. The energy meter fails to make effective use of the centralized characteristics of electricity consumers and adopts the lack of a single user electricity device. It is designed to use only a single energy meter to simultaneously sample and measure the power load of multiple users. [Objective of the Invention ] InAANaCL ^ KPilpnlSfMeiAHlnB ^ K ^ SI-'rKUIcnPKe ^ .acH; '》 3-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

4183 55 A7 ._ B7 _ V. Description of the invention (^ The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-user smart power device, which uses a single power device to process the power signals of multiple household power units to provide engineering quantities. Low, cost-saving, and small space installation project. Another purpose of the present invention is to use computer technology that has been developed to handle electrical signals. It can provide computerized meter reading to implement remote control. The function of long-distance transmission, processing and output of electricity consumption information and safety alert in different pricing periods. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention sets multiple sets of sampling circuits and a common microprocessor in the same electrical device, and The power cords of the electricity-consuming units with centralized wires are connected to the electrical equipment at the same time, and the microprocessor is used to process the electrical signals of each user at the same time. Time zone processing unit and power security alert unit to provide the aforementioned remote control, long-distance transmission 'to process and output electricity consumption information and security alarms during the pricing period In order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. [Details] [Explanation of the formula] Printed by the Central Labor Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives Figure 1: Block diagram of the components of the present invention: Figure 2 (a): Example of the voltage sampling circuit in the present invention; b) Figure: Example of a current sampling circuit in the present invention & Example: Figure 2 (0): Example of a 'signal sampling circuit' in the present invention. [Illustration of drawing number] 1 Analog signal taking 路 ― ____________11 —Voltage Sampling Circuit ... 1 .. Qing 丨 Nuofan-1. This paper is also applicable to China National Standards 3- (CNS) (2iOX297 mm) The Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Staff Cooperative Cooperative Press 4 183 55 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (3) 111 Bidirectional transient diode 12 Current sampling circuit 121 Current transformer 13 Negative polarity processing circuit 14 Transmission cable 2 Analog / digital converter 21 Multiplexer 3 Microprocessor 41 Remote communication device 42 Infrared output peripheral 43 Display 44 Input device 45 Power control peripheral [Embodiment] Please refer to FIG. 1. The present invention is composed of a complex array analog signal sampling circuit 1, an analog / digital converter 2 and a microprocessor 3. Please, please Referring to Figures 2 (a) to 2 (c), the analog signal sampling circuit 1 includes a voltage sampling circuit 11, a current sampling circuit 12, a protection circuit, and a negative-electrode management circuit 13. Figure 2 (a) shows a The voltage sampling circuit 11 is based on the principle of pressure, and the voltage waveform is sampled from “R” connected in series with R and W. In order to protect the R_ ′ resistor in order to avoid the damage of the transient voltage surge, the voltage sampling circuit 11 Equipped with a bidirectional transient diode Π1, it can automatically turn on and ground when it is higher than 7V, and it can improve the protection of transient voltage surge at high response speed. For the circuit shown in the protection circuit and the partial voltage sampling, anyone skilled in electronic circuit technology can make appropriate modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention according to the existing various partial voltage sampling and surge protection methods. The circuit diagram of voltage sampling in 2 (a) is not intended to limit the present invention, but is only one embodiment for reference. A current sampling circuit 12 is shown in FIG. 2 (b), which uses a ratio converter m made of a set of transformer coils to transform and sample the input current signal, and then passes a C 'ANCKLiPK Ρίΐίβΐ ^! Wciti «ae «VrKii $ 8l '· l * Kt > 6l <) VPKfi £ <] 4.i3c < ** 5 ~ This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297). {Please read the back Note: Please fill in this page again.) Binding. Order 418355 Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) The output of the operational amplifier 122 can be used in the high input impedance characteristic of the operational amplifier 122. The ratio angle difference (that is, the phase difference between the voltage signal and the current signal) obtained by the low-load ratio converter 121 is very small, and the sample waveform has a high linearity. Regarding the current comparator and the amplifier circuit, anyone skilled in electronic circuit technology can make appropriate modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention based on the existing design methods of various current sampling circuits and amplifier circuits. The circuit diagram of current sampling in) is not intended to limit the present invention, but is for reference only—the implementation. A negative polarity processing circuit 13 is shown in FIG. 2 (c). Since the AC signals taken from the voltage sampling circuit 11 and the current sampling circuit 12 have positive and negative bipolarity, the positive polarity part can be directly converted into digital pulses and input to the microprocessor 3 for calculation, while the negative polarity part cannot be used in the same way. Processing 'is the bipolar AC signal voltage waveform and current waveform must be processed by a negative polarity I circuit 13 in advance. The design method of the preprocessing can be directly boosting the voltage, rectifying or other ways of processing the reverse signal.' Signal processing is a unipolar signal. The negative polarity processing circuit shown in Figure 2 (c) uses a potential boosting method to convert a bipolar AC signal to a unipolar °. By adding a reference voltage VREF for boosting and the voltage-dividing effect of sharpening, one can output a Can input the unipolar waveform of analog / digital converter directly. The analog / digital converter 2 is used to convert the analog waveform output by the analog signal sampling circuit 1 into a digital signal that can be read and processed by a digital device. The digital signal output is directly transmitted to the micro via a transmission cable (bus) 14 The processor 3 performs calculations. The output signal of each analog signal sampling circuit 1 needs to be converted into a digital signal. Therefore, the input of each analog signal sampling circuit must be in accordance with the Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 cm). (Please read the note on the back before filling in this page)-Installation-Order 丨 41835u ί 418355 V. Description of the invention (5) A7 B7 is connected to the analog / digital converter 2 to set the analog / digital conversion without sharing. In the present invention, the outputs of various types of ratio signal sampling circuit 1 are connected to the multiplexer 21, and then serially connected to the analog / digital converter 2 for analog / digital conversion processing in a multiplexing manner. The microprocessor 3 is a conventional microcomputer including a microprocessor architecture. The microprocessor architecture (not shown) includes at least a central processing unit (CPU), a set of memory, and one or more sets of input / output ports ( I / O port). In the present invention, the microprocessor with the number S0196 is used as the microprocessor 3. However, other conventional single-chip microprocessors are also used without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The electric signal is input to the microprocessor 3 for digital processing after being converted into a digital signal by the analog / digital converter 2. The steps of calculating power in the processing program are as follows. The microprocessor 3 controls the multiplexer 21 and is input in a multiplexed manner. For digital signals converted from the voltage and current waveforms of various types of signal sampling circuit 1, the input data is used to calculate the voltage cycle. Based on this, the true root mean square (値 RMS) of the sampled voltage and current is calculated. Sampling N times in a fixed period of time, the root mean square current 値 is IRMS = i ^ |; I2 (i) and root mean square voltage 方 are

N Please read the back first, and then the binding line. Printed by Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs

Vrms = ^ Σγ2 (〇:

Nt

First calculate the average of the voltage and current multiplied by 値 to get the effective power p = to Σκοχνω; ί = 〇 《Then multiply VRMS by IRMS to obtain the apparent power S (APPRENT POWER) 'S-VRMSxIRMS;. Divide the effective robbery rate. Calculate by the apparent · work-rate. __ g 素 _ PF = 亘; S This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) M regulations; ΓΓΓΓίχ 297 mm_) 418355 A7 B7 5 Explanation of the invention (6) The reactive power Q = VS2-P has been calculated; the effective power is integrated with time to obtain the effective power Wh = | > (i) At; i = 0 the reactive power is integrated with time to obtain the invalid power. Degree (VAR HOUR), VARH = X; Q (i) At i = 0 The processed signal has multiple output modes / the output can be ... (1) Directly transmitted through an input / output input to a display 43; (2) transmitted to an infrared output peripheral 42 through an output / entry port, through which the electrical signal can be read by a standard infrared reading device (not shown); (3) It is transmitted to a remote communication device 41 through an output / input port, and the electric power signal can be remotely communicated through the remote communication device 41. The remote communication device 41 can be a conventional remote access device, such as a modem, a data line, or other conventional equipment that provides long-distance transmission, communication equipment, and a microprocessor. The interface specifications can be RS232, RS485 or other existing interface specifications. In the present invention, multiple sets of electric meters can share the same remote communication device 41 to share hardware resources, avoiding the loss of waste caused by repeated configuration of the same periphery. Printed by the Shell Specimen Consumer Cooperative of the Central Sample Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back first and fill in this page)

Utilizing the multi-tasking characteristics of the microprocessor 3, a power-off and power-recovery unit connected to a power control peripheral 45 via an output / input port is additionally provided in the present invention, and the selected power users can be disconnected via the power control peripheral 45 Control of electricity or re-power 〇 Combining the microprocessor 3 with the input device 44 (such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.) and the surroundings of each output, you can compare the analog / digital converter 2 to the present. Control and output with appropriate interface. The calculation and control functions of this paper are applicable to Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 size (210X297mm.) »41835ο.418355 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau V. Invention Description (7) The software is combined with the processing unit formed by the microprocessor architecture. The processing unit includes a power measurement unit, a control input unit, a pricing period processing unit, a power safety alert unit, and a power failure recovery unit. Software including executable counting functions to perform counting, statistics, and output functions, can output the electricity consumption information of each consumer in a specific format report. The remote control input unit contains the selected communication protocol (such as TCP / IP) 2. The interface specifications applicable to the selected remote communication device (such as the V.90 specification used by the modem) and the selected communication software. The communication protocol, interface specifications, and communication software have a variety of conventional specifications to choose from. And each specification is only a unified standard of each hardware and software manufacturer. It is based on the use of various existing or future Γ standard specifications. The communication method does not depart from the spirit of the present invention. · 价 The pricing period processing unit includes the following steps: (a) providing a standard time; (b) storing the input start time and end time of each segment pricing period in the memory (C) Process the power consumption signals inputted in different time periods separately and add the pricing period complaint to the output power consumption information. By processing by the pricing time period processing unit, the output power consumption information can directly cooperate The billing operation of the power company is operated. If the power company's segmented pricing period is changed, you only need to re-enter the update without having to replace or update the power device. The power safety alert unit includes the following steps_ 'Γ: \ ΛΝυεΐΨΚ pjiael 3ρκ (11.Μΐ > βιιΤΙϋ581 '·? K4 «(ϋ ^ Κ6« Ι4 ^) 〇β This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Kneading (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the note on the back first. Install! (Fill in this page) Order-line, 418355 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (a) Enter the electricity alert for each user; (b) Continue to compare each user Sampling power consumption and warning; (c) When the sampling power consumption exceeds the warning for a certain period of time, a warning signal is output. With the function of the power safety warning unit, the user can continue to use excessive power but Provide a warning if the relay protection switch does not exceed the tripping range to prevent the power line from being exposed to high power transmission for a long time, which will cause degradation over time, and eventually cause the danger of short-circuit and fire of the power line. The unit is controlled by software written specifically in the computer's memory, which controls the output signals of the 45 input and output terminals connected to the power control peripheral 45 to achieve its actions. It can affect the entire user's failure to pay electricity bills or continue to use too much power to affect the entire system. When the electricity user of the building is safe, the user is directly powered off by the microprocessor control, and the power is restored by the microprocessor control mode when the cause of the power outage is eliminated. The writing of the control software is a conventional microprocessor technology, and the power control peripheral 45 may be a relay or other electrical component that cuts off or limits power. From the above description, the present invention reveals that it has the following effects: 1. A single electrical device can be used to simultaneously measure the power consumption of multiple users; 2_ A single-communication device can be used for remote communication with the electrical device; 3. It can process and output power consumption information in different pricing periods; 4. It can provide effective security alert. 5. Can provide microprocessor-controlled power-off and power-off function. 6. Power report can be provided in specific document format. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the foregoing preferred embodiments, it is not a matter of reading and reading.

C ； \ ANOO. \ PK -10- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (210X297 gong) 1 4 183 55 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) Limit the invention, anyone who is familiar with the art Various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the scope of the attached patent application. (Please read the note "K" on the back first) Fill out this page) • Outfit ·

-Reprinted by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-11 I'yvNilELU'K p «lemS [wcitK» Bsr'PKMIH-PK6eil > \ PK-6WM.iloe This paper standard applies to Chinese national standards (CNS > A4 Specifications (ΉΟΧ 297mm)

Claims (1)

1 4183 55 ABCD Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Patent application scope 1, A multi-user smart electrical device, including: a complex array analog signal sampling circuit for sampling multiple household power units Power consumption; an analog / digital converter for converting the power consumption signal captured by the analog signal sampling circuit into a digital signal; and a microprocessor for recording and processing the digital signal, the microprocessing The machine includes at least a central processing unit, a set of memory, and an output / input port. The power of the plurality of household power units is connected to the multi-user smart electrical device, and the captured power consumption signal is converted into Digital signals are processed by the microprocessor, which can simultaneously measure and output power consumption information of multiple household power units. 2. The multi-user smart electrical device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the microprocessor includes at least one input / output port connected to a communication device for connecting a communication device to provide remote input and output. 3. According to the multi-user intelligent electrical device described in the scope of the patent application, the communication device is a modem. 4. The multi-user smart electric device according to item 2 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the microprocessor further includes a remote input unit for controlling the operation of the electric meter by a remote input signal via the communication device. 5. The multi-user smart electrical device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, which also includes an infrared output peripheral, which is set at the output / input port of the microprocessor for an infrared reading device to read the Electricity information 06. According to the multi-user smart electricity device described in Item 1 of the scope of the patent application, 'ANOELVK.l ** l * B, — 1, 2 — This paper size applies to Chinese national standards (CNS ) M 墀 Grid (210X297 public love) .........., -To ----- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order line _ 4 183 55 ABCD Print and apply for patent scope for consumer cooperation of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, where the microprocessor also includes a pricing period processing unit 'by entering a standard time and entering the pricing set by the power company The start and end time of the period can include the power consumption information of different pricing periods in the output power consumption information of multiple household power units. 7. According to the multi-user smart electrical device described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the microprocessor further includes a power security alert unit, by inputting the power alert of each user and continuously comparing the sampling requirements of each user The power and the warning signal can output a warning signal when the sampling power consumption exceeds the warning signal for a specific period of time. 8. According to the multi-user smart electrical device described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the microprocessor further includes an electricity measurement unit, which includes software that can perform counting, statistics and output functions, The electricity consumption information of each electricity consumer is output in a specific format report. 9. The multi-user smart electrical device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application 1 wherein the analog signal sampling circuit includes a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit. 10. The multi-user smart electrical device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the microprocessor further includes a power-off and power-recovery unit, which includes a control software for controlling an external power supply to control the peripherals to Control of power failure and restoration. 3 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page), V. 装 -13- Λ sheet size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) AUA grid (210 X 297 mm) 1