TW401314B - A method for increasing the heat value of a solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for upgrading a solid material is disclosed. The method comprises heating the solid material to an elevated temperature to remove water and thereafter cooling the upgraded solid material. The method includes providing a plurality of vessels containing packed beds of the solid material and one or more than one heat exchange circuit for heating and cooling the solid material in the packed beds in the vessels by heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid. The method is controlled so that the solid material in a first group of the vessels is at one or more stages of a heating cycle and the solid material in a second group of vessels is at one or more stages of a cooling cycle. Specifically, the method is controlled by selectively connecting the one or more than one heat exchange circuit to the vessels so that the heat transfer fluid recovers heat from the solid material undergoing the cooling cycle in at least one of the vessels in the first group and transfers the recovered heat to the solid material undergoing the heating cycle in at least one of the vessels in the second group.

Description

Yinzhong A7 B7, Central Laboratories Consumers Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to improving the quality of solid raw materials. The present invention, although not exclusively, refers specifically to improving the quality of solid raw materials having low thermal conductivity. The present invention is more particularly related to improving the quality of the solid raw material by removing water from the raw material, the method comprising: (i) heating the raw material to a predetermined high temperature while the raw material is maintained at a high pressure; and ( ii) Cool the material to ambient temperature. A special application of the present invention is to improve the quality of carbonaceous raw materials, such as coal, to increase the BTU value of the carbonaceous raw materials.

Koppelman's U.S. Patent No. 5,290,523 discloses a method for simultaneously improving the quality of coal using warm pressure.

Koppelman revealed that the heating and dehydration of coal is to heat the coal under the condition of increasing temperature and strength, resulting in physical changes in the coal, so that the water in the coal is removed by a "squeezing" reaction.

Koppelman also revealed that maintaining a high pressure in the process of improving the quality, made most of the water produced by it to be liquid rather than steam.

Koppelman also revealed the range of options available for implementing this quality improvement method. Usually, the choice is based on heating the coal in a pressure vessel, which contains an inverted cone-shaped inlet, a cylindrical body, a cone-shaped outlet, and a set of vertically or horizontally arranged in the body. Heat exchange tube. In a proposal, the vertically arranged pipes and the outlet end are filled with coal, and a predetermined pressurized pipe and the outlet end are injected with nitrogen. The coal measure is applied to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) at this paper scale. -4- I-n I ----- 1 I »— ^ 1 .....--... .. f-^^ 1 ^^ 1 > ^ 1— I--(Please read the notes of Back® before filling out this page) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) Heating by indirect heat exchange, etc. The oil was sent to the outside of the tube as a heat exchange fluid. Further heating is enhanced by direct heat exchange between the coal and the steam used as the operating fluid in the container. In addition, the steam will pressurize the pipe and the outlet end to the required pressure. The combination of elevated temperature and pressure in these pipes and the outlet end will evaporate some water from the coal and condense some water into a liquid after being simmered. A portion of the water vapour generated after the water has increased will also condense into liquid in the cooling area of the tube due to the high pressure. Uncondensed steam and pressurized steam that exceeds the most appropriate pressure required for this container section must be excluded. In addition, non-condensable gases (such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide) are extracted and must be eliminated. The liquid is periodically discharged from the outlet end. Finally, after a predetermined dwell time, the container is depressurized, and the upgraded hot coal is discharged to a conveyor belt via the outlet end, which can send the coal wheel to a wet auger When the conveyor belt conveys coal to the spiral cone, water will be sprayed on the upgraded hot coal. The coal is cooled further in the spiral cone and then spread in a thin layer in a reserve area to cool to room temperature. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for improving the quality of coal which are more improved than those described by Koppelman. According to a first concept of the present invention, a method for improving the quality of a solid raw material is provided, which comprises heating the solid raw material to a high temperature to remove water and then cooling the upgraded solid raw material; and the method is characterized by: (i) Provide a large number of containers containing the solid-state raw materials and one or more heat exchange circuits, and use a heat exchange fluid to carry out heat transfer ---------------- -ΓOrder J ------ Mu--(Please read the lack of attention on the back before filling in this page)

V. Description of the invention (3 in exchange for the contents of the container and

Heating and cooling of solid materials (11)

• n ^ · 〇w I one or more stages of the heating cycle 'while the solid shoulder material in the second container group is in one or more stages of the cooling cycle, and the control steps include selectively connecting one Or more than one heat exchange circuit in such capacity, so that the heat conduction energy can recover heat from the solid raw materials that are undergoing a cold cycle in at least one container in the first group, and transfer the recovered heat to Mai Mai At least one of the containers in the group is a solid raw material undergoing a heating cycle. The above-mentioned concept of the present invention is based on recovering thermal energy from the solid raw materials that are being depleted in one container, and then heating the same, and heating the solid raw materials in a group of containers. In one embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of heat exchange circuits are provided. The heat exchange circuits are selectively connected to a plurality of pairs of containers, so that the heat transfer fluid in each exchange circuit can be cooled in each pair of containers. The raw materials in one container are transferred to the solid raw materials in the other container of the pair of containers by heat exchange with the solid raw materials in each pair of containers. The heat transfer currents printed in each heat exchange circuit by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs will heat and cool the solid materials in each coupler to different degrees in the heating and cooling cycle i. And the solid raw materials in each container can be heated or cooled by connecting the heat-exchange driving circuit to the valley device in a series of steps. For example, the '-heat exchange circuit changes the solid raw material in the container from room temperature to -temperature Tl' and another heat exchange circuit connected to the container later heats the "solid material from temperature Tl to a higher temperature τ2 . At the same time, the A4 specification (2 丨 0x297 ^^ 7 " This paper size applies to China-6 Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau employee consumer cooperative printed 401314 A7 --- "-'V. Description of the invention (4) --- -The heat exchange circuit cools the solid materials in the other volume from the highest temperature of the heating cycle to a lower temperature. It is best to keep the contents of the container under high pressure during the heating and cooling cycles. During the cooling cycle, the solid materials can be stored in the same container. Alternatively, the solid materials can be placed in a-container during the heating cycle to transfer heat to another-container, and in other containers are cooled according to the cooling cycle Cooling 〇 These heat exchange circuits preferably heat and cool solid materials by indirect heat exchange. The method of the present invention can be applied to the heating and cooling cycles of the solid materials with great flexibility. When the heat recovered by the material is beneficial, the cooling cycle is performed, and the solid material is heated during the treatment heating cycle. For example, this method can be used to improve the quality of a solid material, such as coal. Combined with the application of temperature and pressure, the water is removed from the coal in two stages, namely: (1) In the first "wet" stage, the water is "squeezed out" from the coal and discharged to the liquid in a liquid state. The lower part of the vessel; and (ii) during the second "dry" stage, the majority of the water remaining in the coal is removed in the gaseous state. The heat transfer fluid can be any that can be indirectly heat exchanged A suitable fluid to conduct thermal energy. This paper scale_Zhongguanjia County (CNS) Eighty-fourth Secret (21GX 297 Gongshi-7-pack --------- hit ------ line (please Read the precautions on the back of this page before filling in this page) A7 ------- B7 V. Description of the Invention (5) ~ For example, the heat transfer fluid can be a fluid such as oil, which operates in the heating and cooling cycle There is only a single phase state in the temperature range. For another example, the heat transfer stream can also be a fluid such as water, which is heated and cooled Within the operating temperature range of the ring, and under appropriate pressure, they are 'liquid and gaseous. This method may include one or more additional heating stages to complete the heating cycle. These additional heating stages may be achieved by any suitable means. Provide, for example, supply of oxygen-containing gas to the containers and heat them in the vessel for oxidation. The additional cooling stages can also be provided by any suitable means, such as directly contacting coal in a same or other container with dry or Wet air. Preferably, the method further includes supplying an operating fluid to the containers, and directly exchanging heat with the solid raw material to heat or cool it, and to help pressurize the contents of the containers. According to the present invention The first concept is to provide a device that enhances the quality of 5ζ solid materials, which includes: (a) Most containers can hold several solids under elevated temperature and pressure-printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs • Meal: (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Raw material container; (b) — One or more heat exchange circuits, which can be borrowed by heat transfer flow The solid materials in the container are heated and cooled by heat exchange; (c) The device connecting the heat exchange circuits to the container can enable the solid materials in a group of containers to be processed by the heat transfer fluid. A predetermined heating cycle is used for heating, and the solid raw materials in another group of containers can be heated by the heat transfer fluid according to -8-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specifications (210x297 ^ T7 employees of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the consumer cooperative A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (6) Cool according to a predetermined cooling cycle, and the heat exchange circuit used or connected to the container, so that each heat exchange circuit can be removed from at least one container The solid material removes thermal energy and conducts the obtained thermal energy to the solid material in at least another container; and (d) a device for selectively changing the connection between the heat exchange circuit and the container, which can be based on the heating And cooling cycle to heat and cool the solid raw materials in each container. The heat exchange circuit may be of any suitable construction. Preferably, the heat exchange circuit includes: (i) heat exchange assemblies provided in the containers; and (11) a heat transfer fluid that can circulate inside and between the heat exchange assemblies in the containers Backflow device. It is particularly preferred that the heat exchange assembly of each container includes: (0 a heat exchange plate assembly having one or more channels for heat transfer fluid provided in the container; (ii) an inlet for supplying the heat transfer fluid to The channels; and (iii) an outlet can discharge the heat transfer fluid from the channels. It is preferred that the heat exchange plates have minimal thermal mass. It is desirable to selectively change between the heat exchange circuits and the container. The connected device includes an appropriate control device. According to a second concept of the present invention, a method for improving the quality of solid materials is provided, which includes: (1) filling solid materials in a container, and A solid raw material container is formed in the container; the paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297) 7 -9- ^^ 1 — ^^ 1 ^^^ 1 ^^^ 1 1 ^ 1 f — ^ n ^^^ 1 ml m * ^^ 4 ^^^ 1 ^^^ 1 i maf I u?,-/-口 · " (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) ~ A7 B7 Economy Printed by the Ministry of Standards and Staff ’s Consumer Cooperative 401314 V. Description of the invention (7 (11) The solid raw material is heated and pressurized to remove its water. The steps include heating the solid raw material by indirect heat exchange with a heat transfer fluid; (iii) cooling the solid raw material under pressure; and (iv) discharging the cooled solidified solid raw material. The basis of the second concept is to form a multifunctional container that can be filled with the solid raw material, and then store the solid raw material in a container and go through all heating and cooling cycles. The above method of the present invention There is a considerable advantage with the device: the use of multi-functional containers, the processing of hot solid raw materials, compared to Köppei, the need can be reduced to a minimum. Another advantage is that these multi-functional containers have been unloaded The cycle time 'for emptying, filling, pressurizing, depressurizing, etc.' is reduced to a minimum compared to KGppel_. It is preferable that the heating step further comprises heating the solid raw material with a process fluid by direct heat transfer. The first concept of recovering heat energy of the present invention can be completed with or without the multifunctional container of the second concept of the present invention. Similarly, the multifunctional container of the second concept of the present invention can also be used or not. Use the first concept of recovering thermal energy in the present invention. In the first concept of the present invention, there are five capacity nA, B, c, D, and E of the loading section containing coal, which are used to remove coal water. In the method to improve its quality, it is under different stages and high pressure in the heating and cooling cycle. The heating cycle of the method includes: ⑴ In the "Ya" stage of the method, heat is transferred to the coal to:

A7 ----- B7 5. The water in the description of invention (8) 'is removed in liquid state; and (ii) in the second "dry," stage of the method, heat is transferred to the coal to keep at least one of them Part of the water is evaporated in the gaseous state, and the coal is heated to a final product temperature. The coal in each container is heated by a heat transfer fluid and then cooled by indirect heat exchange. The heat transfer flow system is pumped through It is subsequently connected to the heat exchange circuit of each pair of containers. The heat exchange circuit of each pair of containers includes a heat exchange plate assembly in each container, which has one or more channels for heat transfer fluid, and is in the pair of containers. Contains a device that allows the heat transfer fluid to circulate through the heat exchange assembly. The design of a pair of containers and heat exchange circuits is shown in Figure 1. In this figure, the container 3a contains a coal container. It is connected to a heating cycle 'and the container 3b contains a coal containing portion which is connected to a cooling cycle. The heat exchange plates in these containers are shown with reference numeral 5. Its heat conduction cycle device includes pipelines and pumps It is indicated by reference numerals 7 and 9. The container and the heat exchange circuit are For any suitable type of pressure vessel 'for example in the international patent application PCT / AU98 / 00005 "Reactor", PCT / AU98 / 00142 "Process Containers and Methods for Processing a Carrier", PCT / AU98 / 00204 "Liquid / Gas / Solid Separation," and PCT / AU98 / 00324 "Enhanced Thermal Conductor" and Australian Provisional Application No. P08767 are all applied by the applicant. Those disclosed in these patent applications are available for reference in this case. The heating and cooling of coal in these containers can be further enhanced by supplying operating fluid to the grain filling section in the container. These operating fluids are: (1) between coal and the operating fluid, and in the application of the operating fluid and the thermal paper size in the CNS A4 specification (2 297 mm) _-- ------- ^ > -------- 1Τ ------ Mu- ί (谙 Please read the precautions on the back-before filling out this page j -II-Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Consumer Cooperatives Co., Ltd. 401314 A7 ------ -B7 V. Description of the invention (9)-Direct heat exchange between the heat transfer fluids on the way to exchange coal for heating or cooling •, and (ϋ) increase It helps pressurize the contents of the container. The operation of the cross flow circuit in Figure 1 is shown by the number 11. * etc ..., the connection system of the parent circuit to the valley device is selected so that the heat transfer fluid can be changed from- The container that is filled with coal and is undergoing a cooling cycle recovers heat energy, and then the heat energy is transferred to another container that is filled with coal and is undergoing a heating cycle.

An example of a series of single heat exchange circuits connected to each pair of containers A, B, C, D, E is shown in Fig. 2 This is an example of a single-stage heat recovery cycle. The second figure shows' when container A contains-the container part of coal is at 37it ^ the final product temperature required, and container D contains a coal containing part at a room temperature of 25 ^, and the container A and the container are connected by a heat exchange circuit. D will cause: (1) to cool the coal in container A from 37TC to 23 (rC; and (11) to indirectly heat exchange the coal in grain container D from 25 through the heat energy recovered from container a. (: Heating To 185. (: The heat-conducting connection of the containing parts of the containers A and D mentioned above makes each containing part close to a common approach temperature, which is determined by the relative heat content and any heat loss. The second circle is also It is shown that the subsequent additional cooling and heating provided to container A # D 'cause respectively; (i) the coal in container A is further cooled from 230 ° C to room temperature; and (π) the coal in container D is further heated to The final required product temperature of 371〇c. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2 丨 Gx297); 'Order ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this purchase) ”-12- Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

A7 _____B7 V. Description of the Invention (10)-The additional cooling and heating may be provided by a freezer and a boiler or any other suitable device. From the above description and the second figure, it is easy to understand that the heat exchange circuit of the coal in the heating and cooling vessels A and D is selectively connected to the other pairs in accordance with the sequence shown in the partial diagram of the second figure. Containers A, B, c, D, E, and optionally providing additional heating and cooling of the containers as previously described for containers A and D, will cause the coal in these containers to be heated and cooled equally. There are many changes to the aforementioned methods and devices, which are implemented to improve the quality of solid materials, but still do not exceed the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example. The first concept of the present invention is not limited to the single-stage heat recovery cycle of the five reactors shown in FIG. This concept extends, for example, to a two-stage heat recovery cycle and additional heating and cooling in three vessels. With this design, the heating and cooling phases are arranged at opposite times, and it has two approximate temperatures, typically 24 ° <) (:: and 15 ° C. More specifically, the two-stage thermal energy The recycling cycle is as follows. There is a hot container A which is just connected to a colder container B to conduct heat just after completing a heating cycle. It will heat the container B in the second stage of heating. When the higher degree is reached Vessel A is connected to a cold vessel C and conducting it will heat vessel c in the first stage of heating. Finally, when a lower approach temperature is reached, vessel A is connected to a freezer to make the coal in it completely. Cool and send the final cold coal. The container 6 is heated to a higher approach temperature in the second heating stage, and then connected to a steam supply circuit to complete the heating cycle of the coal inside it. It should be easy to understand that this For containers with a novel coal container, the order of heating and cooling can be re-applied in the paper size (please read the precautions on the back-then fill out this page) 丨 Packing --Γ —__. L 丨Order ---- ---- \ -------:-I— In ·

* I-II A7 B7 increase 5. Description of invention (11). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a device for improving the quality of solid materials according to the first aspect of the present invention f FIG. 2 illustrates a solid state according to the first aspect of the present invention A specific example of the method of material quality. Comparison of component numbers 3a ... container 3b ... container 5 ... heat exchange plate 7 ... line 9 " .pump 11 ... operating fluid circulation circuit ---------- Xiang— (please read and read first Note on the back is to fill in this page again.) The Ministry of Shanghai has decided to print the complicated paper with the industrial and consumer cooperation shirts. The paper size depends on _Jiaxian (⑽) M size (2 like 297 kilometers) -14,

Claims (1)

Announcement · A8 H8 C8 D8 D0.25 supplement, application patent scope No. 87114 ° 10 patent application application patent scope amendment This amendment date: October 1988 1 · A kind of 0 to improve solid materials for the time being 6 ^ Shi, 4 · A ~ Uuramura σο quality method, which comprises heating the solid raw material to high, -w soil uα to remove water, and then cooling the upgraded solid raw material, the method is characterized by : ⑴Provide most of the containers with solid material storage parts, and-heat exchange circuits, and use heat transfer fluids for heat exchange to fill the valleys of Rong. Heating and cooling of solid raw materials in the 卩; and consumption printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ⑻ control the method so that the solid raw materials in the first group of containers are in the heating cycle-or multiple stages, and Set of containers. The solid raw material is in one or more stages of the cold ring; and its control (including selective connection-or multiple heat exchange circuits to the 0 °) enables the heat transfer fluid to be removed from at least the first group of containers. First, the solid materials that are circulated in line V recover heat energy and conduct the recovered heat to the raw materials that are subjected to heating cycles in at least one of the group of containers "2. If the method in the scope of the patent application is applied, the step ⑼ is a container that is selectively connected in pairs, so that the heat transfer fluid of one or more heat exchange circuits can cool the solid materials in each pair by heat exchange with each pair of containers-the solid in the container The raw materials are then heated in a solid container in another container of each pair. 3. If the method in the second item of the patent application, the heat transfer fluid in one or more heat exchange knives will be heated and cooled in the heating and cooling cycle, and the content of the material can be fixed {Please read the back Please fill in this page again) Install r- Order ----- This paper (cns) Ai specification ·; 297297mm) -13 Bulletin · A8 H8 C8 D8 D0.25 supplement, patent application scope 87114 ° 10 Patent Application No. Application for Amendment of Patent Scope This revision date: October 10, 88. A method to improve the quality of solid materials for the time being 6 ^, 4A ~ urinary village, including the solid state The raw materials are heated to-high, -w soil uα to remove water, and then the upgraded solid raw materials are cooled. The method is characterized by: ⑴ providing most of the containers with solid raw material containing parts, and-heat exchange circuits' The heat transfer fluid is installed in Rongzhigu by heat exchange. Heating and cooling of solid raw materials in the 卩; and consumption printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ⑻ control the method so that the solid raw materials in the first group of containers are in the heating cycle-or multiple stages, and Set of containers. The solid raw material is in one or more stages of the cold ring; and its control (including selective connection-or multiple heat exchange circuits to the 0 °) enables the heat transfer fluid to be removed from at least the first group of containers. First, the solid materials that are circulated in line V recover heat energy and conduct the recovered heat to the raw materials that are subjected to heating cycles in at least one of the group of containers "2. If the method in the scope of the patent application is applied, the step ⑼ is a container that is selectively connected in pairs, so that the heat transfer fluid of one or more heat exchange circuits can cool the solid materials in each pair by heat exchange with each pair of containers-the solid in the container The raw materials are then heated in a solid container in another container of each pair. 3. If the method in the second item of the patent application, the heat transfer fluid in one or more heat exchange knives will be heated and cooled in the heating and cooling cycle, and the content of the material can be fixed {Please read the back Please fill in this page again) Install r- Order ----- This paper (cns) Ai specification ·; 297297mm) -13 A8 B8 C8 1) 8 The scope of the patent application for heating and cooling of solid materials in the device To individual different temperatures, so that the solid state in each container can be heated or cooled by a series of steps by subsequently connecting a-or more ^ exchange circuit to the container. The method of item 1, wherein a heat exchange circuit heats the solid raw materials in each container from room temperature to a temperature D], and the other exchange circuit is subsequently connected to the container, and the solid raw materials are reheated from the temperature Tl to a Higher temperature τ2. 5. The method according to the first scope of the patent application involves maintaining the contents of each valley device at a high pressure during heating and cooling cycles. ^ The method of patent No. 1 surrounds the solid material in the same container when it is included in the heating cycle and the cold cycle. 7 ::: The method of the first item of the patent scope 'is to include heating the solid raw materials in the device during the heating cycle, and then transferring the hot solid raw materials to another g', and cooling the solid in another container according to the cooling cycle. raw material. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 8. If the method of the scope of patent application is the first one, wherein the heat exchange circuit or heat exchange circuits is to heat or cool the solid raw material by direct heat exchange. The method of claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the one or more heat exchange circuits use indirect heat exchange to heat or cool the solid material. 〇 Such as: (9) the method of patent scope, including the supply of operating fluids to the containers '俾 and the solid raw materials for direct heat exchange to heat and; 297 mm) -14- C8 —-~' ~ __ Six, the scope of the patent application cools down and increases the pressure of the contents of these containers. 11.- A device for upgrading solid raw materials includes: (a) a number of troughs that can contain solid raw materials in a state of increased temperature and pressure; (b) — or multiple heat exchange circuits The heat transfer fluid can be used to heat and cool the solid raw materials in the grain filling department by heat exchange; (C) a device for connecting one or more heat exchange circuits to such benefits so that in a group of containers The solid raw material can be heated by the heat transfer fluid in accordance with the-predetermined heating cycle; and the solid shoulder material in another group of containers can be cooled by the heat transfer fluid in accordance with the-predetermined cooling cycle, and the one or more Each heat exchange circuit is connected to these containers so that each heat exchange circuit can remove heat energy from the solid raw materials in at least one container and transfer the recovered heat energy to the solid raw materials in at least another container; and (sentence The connection between the one or more heat exchange circuits and the containers can be selectively changed, and the solid raw materials in the container can be heated and cooled in accordance with the power-hole heating and cooling cycle. Device of range π, Let the heat exchange circuit include: 0—the heat exchange assembly is provided in each container, and ii) a device that can circulate the heat transfer fluid through the containers, and the heat exchange assembly of each container Cheng between. 13. If the device under the scope of patent application of the patent application 'makes the thermal paper size of each container applicable to Yin Guo National Standard (C) VS) y \ 丨 Specifications (2 丨 ϋ X 297) (please first Read the note on the back? Matters should be filled out on this page.) -------- Order -------- I n -15, 4C1314 A8 B8 C8 Π8f 2. The patent application scope of the replacement assembly includes: (i) a heat exchange plate assembly is provided in the container with one or more channels of heat transfer fluid; (ii) an inlet can supply heat transfer fluid to these channels ; And an outlet may discharge heat transfer fluid from these channels. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 't --- ---' Order--------- ^ Printed on paper by the Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Furniture standard (CNS); \ 丨 specifications (LMO common t) -16-