318969 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（i [發明所屬之技術領域] 本發明係關於一種利用於無線電通信之定向天線和利用 此定向天線之電視收訊用天線、遠距離通信用天線 '轉播系 統用區域控制天線、遠距離通信系統及安全系統。 [先前技術] 習知作爲水平面内具有定向性的天線，係爲一般所廣泛 使用的八木天線及角形反射器天線等。 角形反射器天線係折彎將導體排成1 0分之1波長以下的 簾狀金屬網或金屬板而形成反射板，在折彎角2分乏1的 中心線上離開4分之1波長到4分之3波長配置發射器。 而且，一般作爲發射器，使用半波偶極天線，反射板的 折彎角度固定在60度或90度。 在電視收訊用天線的領域方面，多用八木天線作爲室外 用，通常’除了八木天線的本體元件之外，藉由在前方放 置夕數導波器群’在後方放置反射器（或反射板），保證單 一定向性。另一方面，作爲室内用，實際情況是合成多數 線狀垂直天線而利用。 在遠距離通信用天線的領域方面，利用高頻、特高頻波 帶時，通常是使用偶極天線或八木天線，操作移動物體的 進行方向，或者使用旋轉器使其旋轉^ 此外’在轉播系統用區域控制天線的領域方面，例如構 築使用多數特高頻或超高頻波帶的無線攜帶電話機之轉播 系統時，慣例是將轉播站以一定間隔配置成格子狀，如圖 15，藉由各轉播站以必要最小限度的有效區域無遺漏地 I-------< 一衣------1T------1 * (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 ) ~~ 涵蓋服務區域，可發揮最有效且確實的轉播功能。 在檢測通報擅自侵入室内外的個人設施内之形態的無人 安全系統的領域方面，利用電波或紅外線者存在。 [發明所欲解決之課題] 向來八木天線爲一般所廣泛使用，但作爲發斛天線時卻 被指稱會有調整、設計上之困難，構造容易變弱，且因風 壓而容易破損心問題。此外，若檢討增益之點，則3元件 八木天線的相對增益爲+6分貝，若增加元件數，則增益 也上升，但同時指向性密度變成極爲敏銳，用途受到二定 。又，長方形環形天線的相對增益爲相當4元件八木的+6 刀貝，角形反射器天線對於標準天線的相.對增益爲+ 9分 貝。 ’ 例如經營收發兩方面的無線電業務時，慣例是利用多元 件的八木天線或其多層天線，向特定方向的通信對方集中 發射或接收電波，但八木天線具有導波器，爲此必須2有 相當長度的複雜無源元件群。這種多元件八木天線具有增 益佳，但半衰角極窄的特性。若是2〜4元件的八木^線， 則半衰角適當，但其反面卻有得不到充分增益的缺點。而 且，可發射的頻率範圍，慣例不會超過頻率的2倍，完全 的調整困難，定向性密度的變更也不可能。 此外，習知角形反射器天線係在開閉自如的—對反射板 之間配置爲發射器的偶極天線，以容易得到高增益，但有 以下問題：容易出現旁瓣，調整困難，而且會在水平面圖 案和垂直面圖案產生差显。 -5- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2l〇X297公釐 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈. 訂318969 A7 B7 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (i [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a directional antenna used in radio communication and an antenna for television reception using this directional antenna, Antennas for long-distance communication, area control antennas for relay systems, long-distance communication systems, and security systems. [Prior art] Known as directional antennas in the horizontal plane, they are generally widely used Yagi antennas and corner reflector antennas. The corner reflector antenna is bent to arrange the conductor into a curtain-shaped metal mesh or metal plate below 1 / 10th of a wavelength to form a reflection plate, which is separated from the wavelength of 1/4 on the center line of the bend angle of 2 points and 1 point. The transmitter is arranged at a wavelength of 3/4. In addition, as a transmitter, a half-wave dipole antenna is generally used, and the bending angle of the reflector is fixed at 60 degrees or 90 degrees. In the field of antennas for TV reception, Yagi is mostly used The antenna is used for outdoor use, usually 'in addition to the main components of the Yagi antenna, by placing the evening wave guide group in front', the reflector is placed in the rear ( Reflector), to ensure a single directivity. On the other hand, for indoor use, the actual situation is to synthesize most linear vertical antennas. In the field of long-distance communication antennas, when using high-frequency and ultra-high frequency bands, it is usually Use a dipole antenna or a Yagi antenna to manipulate the moving direction of a moving object, or use a rotator to rotate it ^ In addition, in the field of area control antennas for relay systems, for example, to construct wireless carriers that use most UHF or UHF bands In the relay system of the telephone, it is common practice to arrange the relay stations at a certain interval in a grid, as shown in Figure 15, with each relay station in the necessary minimum effective area without missing I ------- < Yiyi ------ 1T ------ 1 * (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Α7 Β7 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy V. Invention Instructions (2) ~~ Covered The service area can play the most effective and reliable relay function. In the field of detecting and reporting the form of unmanned security systems that trespass into indoor and outdoor personal facilities, using radio waves or infrared rays Exists. [Problems to be solved by the invention] The Yagi antenna has been widely used in general, but it is said to be difficult to adjust and design as a hair antenna, the structure is easily weakened, and the heart is easily damaged by wind pressure. In addition, if the point of gain is reviewed, the relative gain of the 3-element Yagi antenna is +6 dB, and if the number of elements is increased, the gain also rises, but at the same time, the directivity density becomes extremely sharp, and the use is subject to change. The relative gain of the loop antenna is equivalent to the 4-element Yagi ’s +6 knives, and the angle reflector antenna has a phase relative to the standard antenna. The gain is + 9 decibels. ”For example, when operating radio services for both transmission and reception, it is customary to use multi-element The Yagi antenna or its multi-layer antenna intensively transmits or receives radio waves to the communication partner in a specific direction. However, the Yagi antenna has a wave guide. For this reason, it must have a complex passive component group of considerable length. This multi-element Yagi antenna has a good gain, but has a very narrow half-life angle. If it is a Yagi line with 2 to 4 elements, the half-life angle is appropriate, but the reverse side has the disadvantage that sufficient gain cannot be obtained. Moreover, the frequency range that can be transmitted is usually not more than twice the frequency. It is difficult to adjust completely, and it is impossible to change the directivity density. In addition, the conventional corner reflector antenna is freely opened and closed-a dipole antenna configured as a transmitter between the pair of reflectors to easily obtain high gain, but has the following problems: side lobes are easy to occur, adjustment is difficult, and The horizontal plane pattern and the vertical plane pattern produce a difference. -5- This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2lX297mm (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 袈. Order
I 318969 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（ 另一万面，在電視收訊用天線的領域方面，用作室外用 的八木天線時’通常咼增益的接收性能被限制在從中心頻 率起上下3倍以内，所以在特高頻波帶、超高頻波帶方面 ，具有以下限制：必須分別設置天線，並且由於具有多數 導波器群，所以若全長不是2波長左右，則無法得到高增 益性能。此外，在習知室内用電視收訊用天線方面，實際 情沉是不能避免增益不足或重影，在電波強的地區以下， 在影像清晰度之點上大不如室外天線。 此外，遠距離通信用天線比其他用途特別要求增益的高 度，要求可捕捉通信對方的位置後，更加提高定向性密度 ，可以必要最小限度的發射輸出通信。而且，有時也要求 捕捉通信對方後，即使和對方的相對位置關係改變，也會 自動追踪對方。 θ 在習知轉播系統用區域控制天線方面，各轉播台的有效 區域半徑對於轉播台的間隔相對地過寬，有時最初捕捉同 一攜帶電話機信號電波的台數就變成3個以上，不僅容易 發生通話頻道數減少，而且轉移過度頻繁，成爲引起通話 中斷事故的結果。相反地，各轉播台的區域過窄時，會發 生服，遺漏的地區或者發生通話中斷或靈敏度不足這二動 作錯誤’總之，缺乏作爲—般用户電話的作爲商業通信服 !之可靠性這種技術上的問題存在。雖然此問題藉由調整 早純全方向天線的接入發射電力，而某種程度解決，但會 發生伴隨發射機輸出的調整而區域的寬度也同時增大的問 本纸張尺度適用中國國--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)I 318969 A7 B7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of invention (Another ten thousand aspects, in the field of antennas for TV reception, when used as a Yagi antenna for outdoor use, the reception performance of the usual yea gain is It is limited to less than 3 times from the center frequency, so the UHF band and UHF band have the following restrictions: the antenna must be installed separately, and because there are many wave guide groups, if the total length is not about 2 wavelengths, it is impossible Obtain high gain performance. In addition, in terms of the conventional indoor TV receiving antenna, the actual situation is that it cannot avoid insufficient gain or ghosting, and in areas with strong radio waves, it is much worse than outdoor antennas in terms of image clarity. In addition, the antenna for long-distance communication requires a height of gain more than other applications. It is required to capture the position of the communication partner, increase the directivity density, and it is necessary to transmit and output communication to a minimum. Moreover, it is sometimes required to capture the communication partner. , Even if the relative position relationship with the other party changes, it will automatically track the other party. In terms of area control antennas for relay systems, the effective area radius of each relay station is relatively too wide for the interval of the relay station. Sometimes the number of stations that initially capture the same mobile phone signal radio wave becomes more than 3, which not only easily reduces the number of call channels And the transfer is too frequent, which is the result of a call interruption accident. Conversely, when the area of each relay station is too narrow, the two action errors of service, missing areas, or call interruption or insufficient sensitivity will occur. In short, lack of action- The technical problem of the reliability of the general user's phone as a commercial communication service exists. Although this problem is solved to some extent by adjusting the access transmission power of the early pure omnidirectional antenna, it will occur with the transmitter output The adjustment and the width of the area also increase at the same time. The paper size is applicable to China-(please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明説明（4 ) 此外，隨著攜帶無線電話機普及和需要的擴大，對於以 都市部分爲中心發生頻道飽和的事態，係藉由使轉播台間 的間隔接近加以因應，但這也有一定的界限。作爲此解決 方案而提出一種高度的技術課題：使各轉播台的天線確實 給與一定領域大致一定信號電場強度的轉播服務可能，並 對一定領域外不發出不要的電波。即，殷切要求將轉播台 的投射電波以大致一定的強度封閉在一定領域内，換句話 説是可正確控制服務區域的天線系統。 而且，在安全系統的領域方面，利用電波測出其頻率變 化的方法容易發生錯誤動作，利用紅外線者成本筇貴的問 題存在。 本發明之目的在於提供一種比上述先前技術可得到更進 一步的高增益，並具有按照用途可調整定向性銳度的可變 性’更可自由變更定向性密度的天線，同時提供一種利用 其特性之比以往良質的電視收訊用天線、遠距離通信用天 線、轉播系統用區域控制天線、遠距離通信用系統及安全 系統。 [解決課題之手段] 本發明之特徵在於：在60度〜120度範圍可改變角形反 射器之開放角，該角形反射器係用以2分之7Ϊ〜1波長爲長 邊，以3分之1〜2分之1波長爲短邊的一對反射板形成； 在開放角之中心線上配置饋電元件，該饋電元件係在以2 分之1波長爲長邊，以6分之1波長爲短邊的長方形環之長 邊具有饋電點者。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家橾準（CNS ) Α4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} .¾ 、-* r 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明（5 ) 此外，也可以是定向天線，該定向天線係設置長方形環 狀饋電元件，該長方形環狀饋電元件係以導電材料爲素材 ’短邊和長邊的比率爲1比2到1比3，將長邊長度設定成2 分之1波長；設置角形反射器，該角形反射器係將該饋電 元件夹在中央，將設定成長邊長度係饋電元件長邊約1倍 長到2倍長，短邊長度係饋電元件短邊約丨倍長到3倍長之 方形狀的一對反射板配置成 < 字狀；在從該债電元件長邊 上的一側起3分之1到4分之1的位置取饋電點，將前述饋 電元件和角形反射器確保相互絕緣後，一體地支持於支柱 上。也可以按照用途改變反射板的形態或尺寸或者饋電元 件的尺寸或方向，或是設置使天線旋轉的旋轉驅動機構或 調整反射板打開程度的開閉機構。有時也並設多數天線， 用作全方向天線。 長方形環形天線的發射電波被發射到和環垂直方向的兩 側，具有接近標準天線的8字型方向特性，但透過後方的 角形反射器可集中發射到前方，藉由改變角形反射器的開 度角，可使定向性尖銳，配置於開度角中心線上的饋電元 件可得到高的增益。 _ 因此，對方位置不明確時，藉由調整角形反射器的開度 角，將定向性放鬆到2分之丨偶極程度，入感後一面弄清 方位，一面集中定向性，同時集中發射輸出，可有效地通 信，此外一面探測對方電波到達方向，—面取得不中斷和 對方的通話而可正確測量位置的作用。 短邊和長邊的比率爲1比2到1比3，將長邊長度設定成2 • 8 - 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家榡準（CNS ) A4規釐） l.^1τ------< • ί (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 318969 A7 B7 經濟部t夬標準局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明説明（6 分之1波長的長方形環狀面界輻4 、 射型天線（圖3 )，係在反 射電波時的作用方面和槽式天續 八、，果共同點多，藉由錯開饋電 點位置可容易調整阻抗的分佈當I荆 1 m 种㊉數型天線，同時和使用波 長比較，饋電元件變小時，有9 0痒α、 度的方向轉換，但1有 寬頻帶接收性能，接收時的S/N i 一八 以比率（信號雜訊比率）亦佳 ，即使不附設反射板的狀態，冰且古1 一 也具有和4元件八木天線同 寺的+6分貝性能。此外，定向特 、门将性如圖丨6所示，和偶極 天線同樣，對於環形面具有向垂省女—aa。. ;赏直万向的8字型定向性， 亦有某種程度的極化分集性能。 藉由將此天線施以反射板和饋電元件間的絕緣而配置於 如圖6以可一定調整變更的打開角度構成的角形反射琴之 中央部根附埤，可構成面界輻射型可變定向性密度天線。 饋電元件本身的^向特性如先前記述，係和標準偶極天線 類似的8字型。對於該饋電元件本身的偶極相對增益爲約 6分貝，加進120度角的角形反射器9時，按照圖口所示 的分佈，爲約10分貝。加進90度角的角形反射器9時，按 照圖1 8所示的分佈，爲1 5分貝。使用6 〇度角的角形反 器9時，按照圖} 9所示的分佈，成爲2〇分貝。如此，形成· 角形反射器的反射板可提高電波集中度，強化定向性，同 時去掉指定方向以外的電波，進行接收時的圖案變動校正 〇 此外，添加作爲具有定向性之天線的特徵：電波發射中 心點在從反射板之根起约4分之1波長的位置時，和將偶 極天線置於角形反射器間的習知角形反射器天線不同，也 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐 .I I 人 |衣 訂 I 1^ *· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 t>18969 A7 ——--_ B7—___ 五、發明説明（7 ) 不發生前方旁瓣，天線的實效開口面積大，所以增益如前 述，也達到1 5分貝，另外藉由可自由地調整水平面定向 )·生去度’因和反射板的聯繫效果而連立體的也齊備。又， 原則上將饋電點的位置置於接近反射板之根側，但按照用 途’也可以將饋電點的位置置於和反射板之根相反側。 [發明之實施形態] 以下，根據圖面詳細説明根據本發明之定向天線的實施 形態。 -圖1爲顯示根據本發明之第一實施形態的側面圖。天線 (備電元件（以下稱爲天線本體1)係將以2分之1波長爲長 邊2A，以6分之！波長爲短邊2B的長方形環3形成本體元 件（發射器）（參照圖3 )，長邊對於設定的支柱6，以位於 前方的饋電點4爲可動接點，饋電線從反射板外的位置起 爲絕緣體的饋電線支架丨5所保持，被導入收發機。 本天線會從長方形環3發射電波，在短路部分5具有阻 抗調整機能，具有調整容易且高增益，忠實的再生能力和 分集性能’此外本天線的極化波特性係以水平極化波爲主 體的圓極化波。 天線本體1設定的支柱6可利用旋轉器7旋轉，以一對反 射板8、8形成的角形反射器9設定在支柱6上。形成角形 反射器9的反射板8、8係使前述天線本體1位於中間，利 用鉸鏈13 ' 13可改變兩片反射板8、8形成的角度地設於 支柱6上（參照圖2 )。 爲了天線本體1經常位於以反射板8、8形成的角度中心 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（21〇X 297公酱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈 訂 518969 A7 B7 經濟部中央橾隼局員工消費合作·社印製 五、發明説明（8 ) 線上，從反射板8、8之支柱6起等距離地透過萬向接頭14 連接等長連桿，在此等長連捍丨。]。他端和天線 本體1正下方連接向固定於支柱6上^^ ^ 叼/飞缸1 1垂直万向伸 縮的汽缸样1 2。 因此，藉由汽缸桿12的伸縮，以兩片反射板8、8形成 的角形反射器9可改變角度，天線本體會經常位於其中心 線上。 此外，爲了角形反射器9的打開可變角度定爲6〇度至 120度的範圍，調節等長連桿1〇的長度及汽缸桿。的伸縮 ’在此範圍内可充分得到尖銳的定向性及電場強度。 再者，反射板8、8使用將金屬板或金屬線以2〇分之卜皮 長以内的間隔排成格子狀的金屬線格子，大小係以長邊爲 2分之λ/Ϊ〜1波長，以短邊爲3分之1〜2分之！波長的長方形 ’確保天線本體1的大小及角形反射器在可變角度範圍内 的尖銳定向性。 在本實施形態的環狀天線定向性爲類似標準天線的8字 型，具有平緩的定向性，增益比得上4元件八木，相對增. 益可得到至少+ 6分貝。 而且，發射電波透過後方的角形反射器集中發射到前方 ’超過3元件八木的環形天線電波強度爲角形反射器作用 所加倍，並被調整成適度的銳度，可得到+ 1 5分與以上的 相對增益。 此外，即使作爲接收專用的情況，環形天線本體也處於 最大靈敏度方向，也可以得到反射板的集中效果。 丨 人哀------訂------1 - * (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —_____ -11 -Α7 Β7 The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Standards Bureau employee consumption cooperation du printed five, invention description (4) In addition, with the popularity of portable radiotelephones and the expansion of needs, for the urban part of the center of the channel saturation situation, by relaying The interval between the stations is close to responding, but this also has certain limits. As this solution, a high-level technical problem is proposed: making the antennas of each repeater station surely provide a broadcast service with a certain signal electric field strength in a certain area, and does not emit unnecessary radio waves outside a certain area. That is, there is an earnest request to close the projected radio wave of the repeater station in a certain area with a roughly constant intensity, in other words, an antenna system that can correctly control the service area. In addition, in the field of security systems, the method of measuring the frequency change using radio waves is prone to erroneous operation, and the problem of using infrared rays is costly. The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna which can obtain higher gain than the above-mentioned prior art, and has the variability of the directional sharpness that can be adjusted according to the application, and the directional density can be freely changed, and at the same time to provide an antenna using its characteristics Better quality antennas for TV reception, long-distance communication antennas, area control antennas for relay systems, long-distance communication systems, and security systems. [Means for Solving the Problem] The present invention is characterized in that the opening angle of the corner reflector can be changed in the range of 60 degrees to 120 degrees. The corner reflector is used for 7/2 to 1 wavelength as the long side, divided by 3 A pair of reflectors with a short side of 1 ~ 1/2 wavelength is formed; a feed element is arranged on the center line of the opening angle, and the feed element is on the long side with a wavelength of 1/2 and the wavelength of 1/6 The short side of the rectangular ring has a feed point on the long side. This paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (please read the notes on the back before filling this page). ¾,-* r A7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs B7 V. Description of the invention (5) In addition, it may also be a directional antenna. The directional antenna is provided with a rectangular ring-shaped feeding element. The rectangular ring-shaped feeding element is made of a conductive material. The ratio of the short side to the long side is 1 to 2 to 1 to 3, set the length of the long side to one-half wavelength; install a corner reflector that sandwiches the feed element in the center, and set the long side length to the long side of the feed element The length of the short side is about 1 times to 2 times long, and the short side length is the short side of the feed element. The pair of reflectors in the shape of a square with a length of about 1 times to 3 times the length are arranged in the shape of < Take the feeding point from one third to one fourth from one side of the side, and ensure that the feeding element and the corner reflector are insulated from each other, and then integrally support the pillar. The shape of the reflector can also be changed according to the purpose Or size or size or orientation of the feeding element, or A rotation drive mechanism for rotating the antenna or an opening / closing mechanism for adjusting the opening degree of the reflection plate is provided. Sometimes, a plurality of antennas are also provided in parallel to be used as an omnidirectional antenna. The transmission wave of the rectangular loop antenna is transmitted to both sides in a direction perpendicular to the loop, with It is close to the figure 8 directional characteristic of a standard antenna, but can be concentratedly transmitted to the front through the angular reflector at the rear. By changing the opening angle of the angular reflector, the directivity can be sharp, and the feed is arranged on the center line of the opening angle The device can obtain high gain. _ Therefore, when the position of the other party is unclear, by adjusting the opening angle of the corner reflector, the directivity is relaxed to the dipole level of 2/2, and the orientation is cleared while the feeling is concentrated. Directivity, while simultaneously transmitting and outputting, can effectively communicate. In addition, while detecting the direction of the other party ’s radio wave, it can obtain the effect of accurately measuring the position without interrupting the conversation with the other party. The ratio of the short side to the long side is 1 to 2 to 1 to 3, set the length of the long side to 2 • 8-This paper uses the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 regulation) l. ^ 1τ ------ < • ί (please read first (Notes on the back and then fill out this page) 318969 A7 B7 The Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Bureau of Standards and Technology's consumer cooperation du printed five. Description of the invention (1/6 wavelength rectangular ring surface boundary spoke 4, radiation antenna (Figure 3) It has the same function as the slot type in the reflection of radio waves. It has many common points. By staggering the position of the feed point, the distribution of impedance can be easily adjusted. When the I Jing 1 m type antenna is used at the same time as the wavelength In comparison, when the feeding element becomes smaller, there is a 90 ° iterative change in the direction of α and degree, but 1 has wide-band reception performance, and the S / N i ratio of 18 (signal noise ratio) during reception is also good, even if it is not equipped with In the state of the reflector, Bingqigu also has a +6 dB performance with the 4 element Yagi antenna. In addition, the directional characteristics and goalkeeper characteristics are shown in Fig. 6, as well as the dipole antenna, which has a vertical provincial-aa for the ring surface. .; Appreciate the directivity of the 8-shaped directivity, and also has a certain degree of polarization diversity performance. By applying the insulation between the reflector and the feeding element to this antenna, it is arranged in the central part of the angle-shaped reflection piano composed of an opening angle that can be adjusted and changed as shown in FIG. Directional density antenna. The directional characteristics of the feeding element itself are as previously described, and are similar to the figure 8 of a standard dipole antenna. The relative dipole gain of the feeding element itself is about 6 dB. When the angular reflector 9 with a 120-degree angle is added, the distribution shown in the figure is about 10 dB. When the 90-degree angle reflector 9 is added, the distribution shown in Fig. 18 is 15 dB. When the angular reflector 9 at an angle of 60 degrees is used, the distribution shown in FIG. 9 becomes 20 decibels. In this way, the reflective plate forming the corner reflector can improve the concentration of the radio wave and enhance the directivity, while removing the radio waves outside the specified direction, and correcting the pattern fluctuation at the time of reception. In addition, a feature as a directional antenna is added: radio wave emission When the center point is about 1/4 wavelength from the root of the reflecting plate, it is different from the conventional corner reflector antenna that places the dipole antenna between the corner reflectors. (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm.II people | Clothing I 1 ^ * (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Printed by Employee Consumer Cooperative of Central Standards Bureau of Ministry of Economic Affairs t > 18969 A7 ——- -_ B7 —___ 5. Description of the invention (7) The front side lobe does not occur, and the effective opening area of the antenna is large, so the gain is as high as 15 dB above. In addition, the horizontal orientation can be adjusted freely. 'Due to the connection effect with the reflector, even three-dimensional is also available. In addition, in principle, the position of the feeding point is placed close to the root side of the reflecting plate, but according to the purpose, the position of the feeding point may be placed on the opposite side to the root of the reflecting plate. [Embodiment of the invention] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the directional antenna according to the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings. -Fig. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment according to the present invention. The antenna (backup element (hereinafter referred to as the antenna body 1) is a rectangular ring 3 with a wavelength of 1/2/2 as the long side and a wavelength of 6/2! The short side of the wavelength 2B to form the body element (transmitter) (refer to the figure 3), the long side of the set post 6 uses the feed point 4 located at the front as a movable contact, and the feeder is held by the feeder holder 丨 5 of the insulator from the position outside the reflector and introduced into the transceiver. The antenna emits radio waves from the rectangular ring 3, and has an impedance adjustment function in the short-circuit part 5, which is easy to adjust and has high gain, faithful regeneration capability and diversity performance. In addition, the polarization wave characteristics of this antenna are mainly horizontally polarized waves The circularly polarized wave of the antenna. The post 6 set by the antenna body 1 can be rotated by a rotator 7, and an angular reflector 9 formed by a pair of reflecting plates 8, 8 is set on the post 6. The reflective plate 8, forming the angular reflector 9, The 8 series positions the antenna body 1 in the middle, and the hinge 13 '13 can be used to change the angle formed by the two reflecting plates 8, 8 on the pillar 6 (see FIG. 2). For the antenna body 1, the reflecting plate 8, 8 formed angle center -10- this The paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X 297 public sauce) (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 518969 A7 B7 Central Ministry of Economic Affairs Staff Consumption Cooperation and Social Printing V. Description of the invention (8) On the line, connect the equal-length connecting rods at equal distances from the pillars 6 of the reflecting plates 8 and 8 through the universal joint 14, where the equal-length joints are maintained.]. The other end and the antenna body 1 are The lower connecting direction is fixed on the pillar 6 ^^ ^ Diao / flying cylinder 1 1 vertically universal telescopic cylinder sample 12 2. Therefore, by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder rod 12, an angular reflector formed by two reflecting plates 8, 8 9 can change the angle, the antenna body will often be on its center line. In addition, in order to adjust the opening angle of the angle reflector 9 to be in the range of 60 degrees to 120 degrees, adjust the length of the equal length connecting rod 10 and the cylinder rod. The expansion and contraction of this range can fully obtain the sharp directivity and electric field strength. In addition, the reflective plates 8 and 8 use metal that arranges the metal plates or metal wires in a lattice shape at intervals of less than 20 parts of the skin length Line grid, the size is λ / Ϊ ~ 1 wavelength with the long side divided by 2 , The short side is 1/3 to 2/3! The rectangular shape of the wavelength ensures the size of the antenna body 1 and the sharp directivity of the angular reflector in a variable angle range. The directivity of the loop antenna in this embodiment is The figure 8 is similar to a standard antenna and has a gentle directivity. The gain is comparable to the 4-element Yagi, and the gain is relatively increased. The gain can be at least + 6 dB. Moreover, the transmitted radio waves are transmitted through the angular reflector at the rear to the front and exceed 3 The electric wave intensity of the Yagi ’s loop antenna is doubled by the angle reflector and adjusted to a moderate sharpness to obtain a relative gain of +15 points or more. In addition, the loop antenna body is still in the case of receiving only In the direction of maximum sensitivity, the concentration effect of the reflector can also be obtained.丨 mourning ------ order ------ 1-* (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) —_____ -11-
318569 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（9 ) 圖6爲構成上述天線作爲室外用電視收訊夭線的第二實 施形態。 這種情況，在2分之1波長的範圍定天線本體1之長邊2 A 長度’在6分之1波長到4分之1波長的範圍定短邊2B長度 ’爲調整阻抗而在從長邊2 A —侧起4分之1到3分之1的範 圍可移動地設定饋電點4，反射板8定爲長邊4 4長度係前 述天線本體1之長邊2 A的1 · 4倍到1 . 5倍，短邊4 5長度係 天線本體1之短邊2B的2倍。在此實施形態方面，採取以 下形虑：不用鉸鏈而將天線本體1或反射板8、8等透過絕 緣支持器具ί5、16分別搖動自如地支持於支柱6上。反射 板形成方形狀，形成各金屬格子線間隔係長邊1 5分割以 下（一邊大概4 cm以内）的正方形格子。也可以再使金屬 格子線成爲波浪狀。 使用之際，對於由一對反射板8、8構成的角形反射器9 使天線本體1朝向電波到達方向，將反射板8、8的開放角 在6 0度到1 2 0度的範固調整成影像成爲最佳即可。如此變 更開放角，可自由調整電場強度和定向性密度，所以可進 行配合和各廣播電台的距離或方位的設置。 在只是天線本體1而不設反射板8、8的狀態的増益爲6 为貝私度，但在設置反射板8、8的情況，最佳時有1 5分 貝的增益增加，可估計弱電場對應性能。此外，幾乎沒有 旁瓣’也可以抑制重影的發生。 而且’藉由將反射板8形成格子狀而附加不規則反射效 果，若再使該格子線成爲波浪狀’則會產生和使金 ---------▲笨------訂------1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -12-318569 A7 B7 Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (9) Figure 6 shows the second implementation form of the above-mentioned antenna as an outdoor TV reception line. In this case, the long side 2A length of the antenna body 1 is set in the range of 1/2 wavelength. The short side 2B length is set in the range of 1/6 wavelength to 1/4 wavelength. Side 2 A — The feed point 4 is movably set in the range of 1/4 to 1/3 from the side, and the reflector 8 is set to the long side 4 4 The length is 1 · 4 of the long side 2 A of the antenna body 1 Times to 1.5 times, the short side 45 length is twice the short side 2B of the antenna body 1. In terms of this embodiment, the following considerations are taken: the antenna body 1 or the reflection plates 8, 8 and the like are supported on the support 6 through the insulating support devices ί5, 16 without any hinges so as to be able to swing. The reflector is formed in a square shape, forming a square grid of metal grid lines with a long side divided by 15 or less (within about 4 cm on one side). It is also possible to make the metal grid lines wavy. At the time of use, for the angular reflector 9 composed of a pair of reflectors 8 and 8, the antenna body 1 is directed toward the direction of the radio wave, and the opening angle of the reflectors 8 and 8 is adjusted within a range of 60 degrees to 120 degrees The best way is to make an image. By changing the opening angle in this way, the electric field strength and directivity density can be adjusted freely, so the distance and orientation of each broadcasting station can be adjusted to match. In the state where only the antenna body 1 is not provided with the reflectors 8 and 8, the gain is 6 as a degree of privacy, but when the reflectors 8 and 8 are provided, the gain of 15 dB is optimally increased, and the weak electric field can be estimated Corresponding performance. In addition, the absence of side lobes' can also suppress the occurrence of ghosting. And 'by forming the reflection plate 8 into a lattice shape and adding an irregular reflection effect, if the lattice line becomes wavy' will produce and make gold --------- ▲ Stupid ----- -Subscribe ------ 1 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -12-
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 318369 A7 ________B7 五、發明説明（10 ) 線變粗同樣的效果，不提高受風率而提高反射效率，並可 防止格子線與特定波長階振，充分發揮不規則反射效果。 反射板8具有以下作用：不僅電波的光學集中，而且排除 指定方向以外的電波，校正環形天線固有的天線效應。 圖8爲構成上述天線作爲室内用電視收訊天線的第三實 施形態。 此天線係將長方形環3在絕緣保護板丨6表面形成薄膜狀 ，將長邊2A長度定爲2分之1波長，將短邊2B長度定爲4 分之1波長，爲調整阻抗而在從長邊2 A 一側起4分之i的 位置取饋電點4並引導饋電線17，同時將—對反射板8 ' 8 在未設置構成天線本體丨的長方形環3長度方向之饋電點4 侧，在將該長方形環3夾入中央的狀態，·以6 〇度的開放角 固定於沿著其短邊的支柱6上。 該反射板8、8形成長方形狀，其長邊“長度和前述長 方形環3之長邊2A大致相等，將短邊45長度設定成稍微 超過長方形環3之短邊2B的大小。而且，爲了使由該長方 形裱3構成的天線本體1和—對反射板8、8共同旋轉，將 旋轉軸18和該絕緣保護板16之短邊45平行地固定於嘵緣· 保護板下之長邊44中央，旋轉自如地立設於具有充分 安定性的天線基座i9上。按照需要，將高頻放大電路= 裝入基座1 9。 在此天線方面，反射板8會起電波集中的作用，排除指 足方向以外的電波，校正天線本體丨固有中心頻率附近^ 爲環形天線固有缺點的天線效應，不斷地使前方的電波集 13· 本紙張尺度適^中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210>Γ$公董） --——--________ ---------/ 裝-- * 藥 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、--° 五 、發明説明（n) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 2為了更加提高反射板8的效率，防止㈣，構成如下 心：：不使反射板8成爲單純的平板構造，而如前述成 :帶有波浪的格子狀構造，就不會使反射板8具有固有頻 率，結果產生和使格子線變粗同樣的效果。然而，將此方 法適用於室内天線有問題，所以同樣地爲了提高效率，在 由導電材料構成的板體20上設置多數將孔22排列成X字 狀而形成一單位的切口 21(參照圖㈧，如圖1〇使切口 η 寬度具有隨意的不同，也可附加美觀，效果亦高。 此實施形態爲高増益、高靈敏度（1 5分貝到2 0分貝）， 在中心頻率前後使用時，超過20分貝。而且，立體地完 成足向性，沒有旁瓣，只是調整旋轉方向就必定集中地入 感电波到達中心方向的電波，指定方向以外的不需要電波 不進入，不發生重影。此外，可有效利用磁場波動能量， 所以能夠寬頻帶使用，因此特高頻、超高頻波帶的兩用可 能。此外，儘管具有這種高性能，但尺寸小即可，設置時 的調整容易，不需要水平*方向以外的調整。 ..圖1 3顯示根據本發明之定向天線的第四實施形態 天線係將天線本體1形成長邊2 A長度係2分之1波長 線本體1之短邊2 B長度係6分之1波長的長方形框型 從長邊2A之端起4分之1的位置並取一對饋電點4、4 … 該天線本體1配置於所開閉自如地支持的一對反射板8、8 中央’該天線本體1的發射中心來到從反射板8、8之支持 點2 3隔開4分之1波長的位置般地加以固定。又，此時天 線本體1的發射中心集中於和設置馈電點4之側相反側的 此― 天 在 將 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈. 訂 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 A7 五、發明説明（l2 ) 短邊2 B附近的内緣。 在本天線方面，天線本體1本身的増益爲約6分貝，但 如前述，利用打開到1 2 0度的反射板8、8就成爲約1 〇分 貝，其角度變窄到9 0度就達到1 5分貝，再變窄到6 0度就 達到20分貝以上。而且，反射板8、8開放角60度時可捕 捉通信對方的有效角度範圍爲30度，雖然具有超過多元 件八木多層天線的南增益性，但也有以下特徵：通信對方 的捕捉角度範園不像拋物面天線那樣極端狹窄。 圖5顯示第五實施形態：顯示組合多數根據本發明之定 向天線而利用作爲全方向天線的情況；係在與同一平面上 4個互相正交的元件成9 〇度角的各兩片反射板8、8中間角 度配置4個天線本體1。構成不用旋轉器的固定設施時， 作爲轉播台或廣播電台的利用亦可，可向全方向發送略均 等的南增益電波’此外藉由多級化，也可以超增益化（參 照圖4 )。 圖1 4爲前述第五實施形態的類例，顯示設計成攜帶用 電話轉播台之天線系統用的轉播系統用區域控制天線（第 /、實施形態）。在此實施形態方面，係在和通常使用狀況 不同的倒伏狀態配置4個具有前述請振、非諧振兩用特性 的面界輻射型可變定向性密度天線（申請專利範圍第3或4 頁所載之定向天線）3 0 ’透過臂桿2 8以9 〇度間隔配置這 些天線，透過饋電線丨7採取電氣的整合措施後，進行4分 之1周期間隔的相位差饋電，使其同時激勵而利用作爲水 平面上的全方向天線。 ________ -15- 本紐尺度c叫^格（21GX 297公釐) --- (碕先聞讀背面之注意事颂再填寫本頁} I衣· 318969 A7 B7 五、發明説明（l3 ) 將本天線使其具有正確的服務區域控制機能使用時，在 一定領域（涵蓋區域3 1 )内封閉電波，在境界線上明確使 電波消失（擴散於空間）的目的’需等於4個天線3 0，對於 水平面34設定向下的下垂直卢。又，一般認爲此下垂角 通常1〇度到30度爲實用範圍。 如圖2 0所示，將電波發射的中心轴〇從天線所設置的高 處彎到下方時’對於等電場強度區域（在空間上接收的電 波強度相等之點連續的區域）3 3的地表附近領域3 2會佔全 部涵蓋區域3 1的一半以上，可得到動作所需之最低電場 強度的領域成爲大半。此領域達到相當於天線設置高度 3 0倍到5 0倍的半徑範圍，在該地區内幾乎沒有電場強度 的偏差，可照射均勻的電波。若使用此天線系統，則主要 按照發射電場輸出和此下垂角度的相互調節，就可控制非 常正確的涵蓋區域。 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 但是，此天線系統構築之際，必須將作爲面界輻射型可 變指向性密度天線30單體的定向性圖案放在心上。^根 據本發明之定向天線方面，開放角度在6〇度到12〇度之間 會有效起作用，但其中若在90度到12〇度的範圍調g角 反射器9的開放角，則如圖21，可具有平緩伸展的窗簾狀 寬廣等電場強度領域35(和水平面交又方向的等電場 稍微尖銳）。即，在此實施形態方面，由於在水平面上排 列天線群，並且特別是在超高頻波帶，電波具有類似光的 直行性，所以藉由適當實施和天線設置 、開放角度、接通電力的相互關係調節二 16- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家鱗（CNS) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 -----B7 五、發明説明(14 ) — ~ ^—一 的大半領域可保持對於終端機器的大致一定電波靈敏度， 另方面，在涵蓋區域31以外，可設定使電波完全不入 感這種理想的支配領域。 根據此轉播系統用區域控制天線，可構築服務區域控制 正確且自由的天線系統。此技術的特徵不局限於被要求雙 向通信的攜帶、行動電話轉播，也可以適用於在向廣播、 狹窄地區的資訊傳輸方面或在無線電通信方面需要設定正 確領域的所有情況。而且，作爲轉播、廣播、發射設施的 天線，動作増益充裕，對於接收對方側可確實傳輸信號聲 音，可提高關於發射的電力效率。此外，也有以下優點： 構造比較單純，可廉價製造，並且也可以構成受風率成爲 4 %以内。再者，由於是4個天線成爲一體的構造，所以 具有即使一個發生破損，也產生破損安全性的優點，天線 本身的S /N比率佳，也可以保證良質的接收音質。 •.圖1 1顯示利用根據本發明之定向天線的遠距離通信系 統一例。 使用於此系統的天線，係以天線本體1之長邊2 A長度爲_ 2分之1波長’以短邊2 B長度爲6分之1波長，在從長邊 2 A上的一側起4分之1的位置設置馈電點4，將所開閉自 如地支持的一對反射板8、8安裝成天線本體丨的發射中心 成爲從該反射板8、8之支持點2 3離開4分之1波長的位置 。前述天線本體1和反射板8、8固定於一根支柱6上，另 一方面，反射板8、8將天線本體1配置於中央，利用連样 機構2 4可在6 0度到1 2 0度的範圍開閉自如。支柱6透過旋 -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X_297公笼) ' """""" (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 318969 A7 ______B7 五、發明説明（15 ) 轉軸25可旋轉地支持於建築物等頂上，藉由將該旋轉軸 25連接於旋轉機構（圖示省略）’可使天線本體1和反射板 8、8—體化而朝向遍及東西南北36〇度的任意方向。 本系統藉由這些構造’可一面調整定向性，—面使天線 全體旋轉到電波到達方向，一面進行對於通信對方使天線 正確朝向的作業，一面使定向性尖銳化，成爲適合被要求 尖銳定向性和高增益的遠距離通信的系統。又，此反射板 8的尺寸設定成長邊44長度係天線本體1之長邊2A的1.4 倍到2倍長度，短邊4 5長度係天線本體1之短邊2 b的2倍 到3倍。就反射板8的構造而言，最好利用以2〇分之1波長 以下的間隔所配設的金屬格子線形成網狀。 本天線的方向及反射板8、8的開放角度，係藉由遙控 旋轉器或連桿機構24所調整。爲此的管理裝置可用電腦 系統等各種形式構築，例如設置遙控顯示板2 6 ,該遙控 顯示板26係圖12所示之〈字狀表示遍及36〇度的方位角 和反射板8、8的開放角，同時表示定向性密度，根據該 遙控顯示板2 6按照和通信對方的相對方位調節天線的方-向或反射板8、8的開放角度即可。此外，也可以設置捕 捉通信對方後，自動追踪對方的自動追踪裝置，海上用途 的情況’也可以設置校正船體行進路線變化的自動方位維 持裝置等構築可自動進行各種處理的自動控制裝置，再耆 ’也可以附設全方向天線作爲預備天線2 7，該全方甸天 線係將長方形框型環形天線4個水平地以9 〇度間隔配置於 前述天線上部而成。 -18 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210x297/^ (請先閱讀背面t注意事項再填寫本頁) 笨. 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、 °J8369 發明説明（16 若將上述構造的遠距離通信系統用於業餘無線電或海上 般行業務’在高頻、特高頻帶使用時，高增益性和方位定 向性佳’可向遠距離對象正確地投射電波，並可用最適合 通信對方位置關係的通信模態維持最小限度輸出進行的通 信。此外，若在國際特高頻波帶使用，則可早期通知入出 境管理，藉由附設預備天線，即使壞天氣時或結冰時，也 可以進行預備的通信。 圖2 2顯示使用根據本發明之定向天線的安全系統一例 〇 本系統基本上使用下述形式的面界輻射型天線本體1 : 如圖1 3 ’由從長邊2 A和短邊2 B的比率1比3的長方形環3 之各長邊2 A的一侧起4分之1之點起取一對積電點4、4， 從該處取饋電線丨7 ;以分別具備定向天線的發射裝置3 7 和接收裝置3 8所構成，該定向天線係在中央配置該天線 本體1，以6 0度開放角對稱地配置兩片格子狀反射板8、8 ，使天線本體1和反射板8—體化。關於發射裝置37之天 線本體1，有時爲謀求尺寸縮小而如圖23在兩長邊設置中_ 央加感線圈3 9。 此安全系統原理，係根據從發射裝置3 7向接收裝置3 8 輸出射束狀的微弱電波，在發射裝置3 7和接收裝置3 8間 形成電波傳送路徑4 0。接收裝置3 8 —面測量由發射裝置 所傳送的無調制載波之穩定增益電位，一面例如人橫過電 波傳送路徑4 0時，電氣地測出伴隨人體通過而閉塞電波 傳送路徑4 0時的電位大幅降低，例如和電波傳播路徑4 0 -19- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（2似297公楚） 请 先 閱- 讀 背I 面 I 之- 注I 意 I 事 項 再丄 填 本裝 頁 訂 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明説明（17 爲平常的狀態比較，相科从总江 相對地發生i 〇分貝到1 5分 大幅降低時，輸出警報 貝^上的 的管理裝置42。W 起動使警報機構等動作 請 先ί 閱-I 讀 $ 之-I 注 意 事I 項 1 再i 填 寫 被 本私 頁 Λ 要收裝置3 8設置將警報信號4 1振盪作 =如料頻、超高頻波帶之調頻㈣的㈣機構 在管理裝置4 2等設置牯古相 _ 向且 阿頻、超向頻波帶的調頻接收機 構，可進行多數測出路徑的無線電且一元管理。 當實施時，有時需將適當的罩蓋罩在收發裝置37、38 上。此外，也可以在電波傳送路徑4〇中設置電波反射鏡 ，藉由使t波傳送路徑40折射，舖設射ι狀電波警戒包 圍網。再者，不僅將前述警報信號4丨作爲前述管理裝置 4 2的起動信號，而且也可以利用作爲透過管理裝置4 2或 訂 者直接連接防盜攝影機4 3的起動信號或和保全公司等的 電話線路的開關。 [發明之效果] 如以上，本發明可將環形天線的優點活用於最大限度實 用的通信，並可繼承八木天線的高性能，申請專利範圍第 1及2項所載之定向天線，第一具有以下效果：高增益性 佳’作爲接收機成爲高靈敏度，作爲發射機可給與遠距離 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 性能。 第一具有以下效果：環形天線本來具有的高逼眞度再生 犯力’在高頻帶具有衰落減少性，在特高頻、超高頻帶分 集性佳，提高通信的S /N比；第三具有以下效果：含有垂 直極化波的高定向性電波因提高遠距離可達能力而提高通 信到達能力，在高頻方面，電波的投射角變低，在特高頻 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榇準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐〉 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 五、發明説明（18) 、超咼頻方面，提高通信圈。 第四具有以下效果：構造 短；具邮&二,,. 間易具有向度，同時全長變 知，具體而έ ，佔有面積ώ ^ ,, 成局八木天線的1 0分之1。此外 ，風壓耐久力也大幅提高。 α 安裝也容易的效果。 ，热夫銳郅及小型化也有 第五也有以下效果：因认 擾。 口、^與疋向性而防止鄰近妨礙和干 :本案發明在電视、調頻廣播的轉播 古而^ ^ 乍在山岳、母上的特高頻通信 万面，可増大到達距離 V ^ ^ ^ .、 吏發射機的輸出負擔大幅減少， 防止伴h典線電通信的鄰进 那近妨礙和干擾，再利用於高頻時 由^帶（SSB)、連續波（cw)可進行全球的通信。 別疋若使用形成申請專利範圍第4項所載之構造的定 向天線，則可得到高増益，通過反射機構集中指定方向的 %波1時去掉指定方向以外的電波，發射時不向必要以 外的万向投射電波，通信區域因這些特性而擴大。此外， 具：若干的分集性能互相結合，特別是在高頻帶，遠距離 通#性能的高度顯著，所以從超高頻到高頻藉由施以稍微 的電氣整合措施，可廣泛利用。而且，本天線具有大致完 全的銳錐形射束性能，定向性比（FB比）大，不發生旁瓣 ，所以在接收時，逼眞度高的再生可能。因此，可克服習 知角形反射器天線之類的前方旁瓣問題，連續地使定向性 密度變化。這些結果，在通信對方也使用此定向天線的情 況’確保線路時也可以保護通信的秘密。 21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS) A4規格（210)<297公釐） 讀 背 面 項 再 本衣 頁 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 518969 五、發明説明（θ ) =一方面，中請專利範圍第3項所載之^向天線，基本 ^得同樣的效果’但關於在遠距離通信的有效性，和申 “利範圍第4項所載之定向天線相比，稍差。炊而，使 用於涵蓋比較近距離的用途時，例如用於電視收訊，接收 $態和非接收狀態的斷開良好，在可容易調節天線設置狀 悲之點很方便。 。而且，使用申請專利範圍第5或6項所載之定向天線作 =1： 2用電視天線，前述優點互相結合，即使在室内條件 =種嚴格的電波條件下，也可以發揮弱、中電場對應力， 高逼眞度又鮮明的影像再生可能。 如以^,使用根據本發明之定向天線作爲電視收訊用， 因應超高頻多台化時代，可在低輸出的電视台電波區域内 確實地接收，並可謀求視聽者量的擴大。 若將申請專利範固第7項之轉播系統用區域控制天線利 用於例如行動電話的轉播設施，則可飛躍地提高在涵蓋區 域内的頻道處理能力，大幅減少動作錯誤、服務遺漏。可 從量和質的兩面改善所謂的p H s服務。此外，在轉播台 間的通信、結合 '轉送方面，可用定點的方法利用一對面 界輻射型天線。 此外’例如在特高頻波帶使用本天線時，主要是作爲在 開發中國家的地區性多目的通信設施，以一定間隔（丨5公 里到5 0公里）排列成線狀、格子狀，可活用於多目的行政 服務（警察、治安、急救、治水、防災）’使廣大原野（未. 開墾的土地、沙漠等）的管理容易，不僅可應付緊急事態 -22- 本紙張以適财關雜 { 袈-- . - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 A7五 、發明説明（ 20 B7 ’而且可有助於廣播、電信、電話事業等各種公益事業 此夕…吏用申請專利範圍第3項所載之 專利範圍第8項所恭士 4 人，’果次申請 、炙遠距離通信系統，則在業餘盔線雨 、航仃業務無線電、軍用、公共用途方面，可-面將 :需的發射電力W小限度，—面互相衫 面使爲稀少資源的電波有效活用，使遠距離、近距 離兩面的通信從量和f的兩面發展。 申請專利範圍第9項所載之安全系統，藉由和利用全方 向天線之各接收裝“聯繫，可由無線電方法進行全面的 ，具有不會帶给建築物損壞，可以低成本構築、撤除 機态系統的優點。料，和頻率檢測方式比較，小外亂( 小動物通過或樹木搖動）造成的錯誤動作少，㈣微小的 電波而人畜無害。 [圖式之簡單説明] 圖1爲顯示根據本發明之定向天線第—實施形能的側面 圖。 一 圖2爲圖1之正面圖。 圖3爲根據本發明之定向天線之天線本體的側面圖。 圖4爲顯示使圖3之天線本體多級化之—例的一部分側 面圖。 圖5爲顯示使用根據本發明之定向天線作爲全方向天線 時之一例的透視圖。 圖6爲顯示構成根據本發明之定向天線作爲室外用電視 天線之第二實施形態的透視圖。 -23- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210χ297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五 、發明説明（η ) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 圖7爲顯示根據本發明之第二實施形態之天線本體的概 略圖。 圖8爲顯示構成根據本發明之定向天線作爲室内用電視 天線之第三實施形態的透視圖。 圖9爲顯示使用於根據本發明之第三實施形態之反射板 一例的槪略圖。 圖1 〇爲顯示設於根據本發明之第三實施形態之反射板 上的切口一例的平面圖。 圖1 1爲顯示使用根據本發明之定向天線之遠距離通信 系統一例的外觀圖。 圖1 2爲顯示根據本發明之定向天線之遙控顯示板一例 的概略圖。 圖13爲顯示構成根據本發明之定向天線作爲收發型可 變疋向性密度天線之第四實施形態的透視圖。 圖1 4爲顯示根據本發明之轉播系統用區域控制天線一 例的透視圖。 圖1 5爲顯示攜帶用電話轉播台之天線系統一例的概略 圖。 圖1 6爲顯示方形環狀面界輻射蜇天線之定向特性的説 明圖。 圖17爲顯示面界輻射型可變定向天線之定向特性及增 航的說明圖。 圖18爲顯示面界輻射型可變定向天線之定向特性及增 益的説明圖。 24- A4規格（210X297^57" (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈. 訂 A7 31S969 B7 五、發明説明（22 ) 圖19爲顯示面界輻射型可變定向天線之定向特性及增 益的説明圖。 圖2 0爲顯示轉播系統用區域控制天線下垂角和等電 場強度區域之關係的説明圖。 ’ 圖21爲顯示面界輻射型可變定向天線之定向特性的説 明圖。 圖2 2爲顯示根據本發明之安全系統一例的構造圖。 圖2 3爲使用於接收裝置之天線本體的側面圖。 [元件編號之説明] 2 A 長邊 2 B 短邊 3 長方形環 4 饋電點 6 支柱 8 反射板 9 角形反射器 4 4 長邊 4 5 短邊 19 基座 2 1 切口 2 2 孔 2 7 預備天線 29 支持柱 3 7 發射裝置 -25- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈· 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 五、發明説明（23 ) 3 8 接收裝置 4 1 警報信號 4 2 管理裝置 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 袈. 訂 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 -26- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐）318369 A7 ________B7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Description of the invention (10) The same effect of thickening the line, improving the reflection efficiency without increasing the wind receiving rate, and preventing the lattice line and the specific wavelength order vibration from giving full play Irregular reflection effect. The reflection plate 8 has the following functions: not only the optical concentration of radio waves, but also radio waves outside the specified direction, and correction of the antenna effect inherent in the loop antenna. Fig. 8 shows a third embodiment of the above-mentioned antenna as an indoor TV receiving antenna. In this antenna, a rectangular ring 3 is formed into a film on the surface of the insulating protective plate 6, the length of the long side 2A is set to 1/2 wavelength, and the length of the short side 2B is set to 1/4 wavelength, in order to adjust the impedance Take the feed point 4 and guide the feed line 17 from the position of 4 / i from the side of the long side 2 A, and at the same time place the pair of reflectors 8 ′ 8 at the feed point in the longitudinal direction of the rectangular ring 3 that does not constitute the antenna body 丨On the 4 side, in a state where the rectangular ring 3 is sandwiched in the center, it is fixed to the post 6 along the short side at an opening angle of 60 degrees. The reflectors 8 and 8 are formed in a rectangular shape, and the length of the long side is approximately equal to the long side 2A of the rectangular ring 3, and the length of the short side 45 is set to slightly exceed the size of the short side 2B of the rectangular ring 3. In order to make The antenna body 1 composed of the rectangular frame 3 and the pair of reflectors 8 and 8 rotate together, and the rotating shaft 18 and the short side 45 of the insulating protective plate 16 are fixed in parallel to the center of the long side 44 under the protective plate , Rotatably mounted on the antenna base i9 with sufficient stability. If necessary, install the high-frequency amplifier circuit = into the base 19. In this antenna, the reflector 8 will play a role in the concentration of radio waves, exclude Refers to the radio waves outside the foot direction, corrects the antenna body 丨 near the inherent center frequency ^ is the antenna effect of the inherent shortcomings of the loop antenna, and constantly makes the radio wave set in front of the paper. 13 This paper scale is suitable ^ China National Standards (CNS) A4 specification (210 > Γ $ 公 董) --------________ --------- / loaded-- * medicine (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page),-° V. Description of invention (n ) A7 B7 Printed by the Employees Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2 In order to further improve the efficiency of the reflection plate 8 and prevent (iv), the structure is as follows: instead of making the reflection plate 8 into a simple flat structure, as described above: a lattice structure with waves, the reflection plate 8 will not have an inherent Frequency, resulting in the same effect as thickening the grid lines. However, there are problems with applying this method to indoor antennas, so in order to improve efficiency, a large number of holes 20 are arranged on the plate body 20 made of conductive material X-shaped to form a unit of incision 21 (refer to Figure (A), as shown in Figure 10, the width of the incision η can be arbitrarily different, and it can also be aesthetically pleasing, and the effect is also high. This embodiment is of high gain and high sensitivity (15 dB To 20 decibels), when used before and after the center frequency, it exceeds 20 decibels. Moreover, the foot is stereoscopically completed without side lobes, but the rotation direction will be adjusted to concentrate the incoming radio waves to reach the center direction of the radio waves, other than the specified direction It does not require radio waves to enter and does not cause ghosting. In addition, it can effectively use the energy of magnetic field fluctuations, so it can be used in a wide frequency band, so UHF and UHF The dual-use of the belt is possible. In addition, despite this high performance, the size can be small, the adjustment during the setting is easy, and adjustments other than the horizontal * direction are not required. Figure 13 shows the first section of the directional antenna according to the present invention. Four Embodiments The antenna is formed by forming the antenna body 1 on the long side 2 A with a length of 1/2 wavelength line of the short side of the body 1 B with a rectangular frame of length 1/6 wavelength from the end of the long side 2A Take the position of 1 and take a pair of feeding points 4, 4 ... The antenna body 1 is placed in the center of a pair of reflectors 8, 8 supported by the opening and closing freely. The center of the antenna body 1 comes from the reflectors 8, 8 The support points 2 3 are fixed at a position separated by a quarter of a wavelength. In addition, at this time, the transmission center of the antenna body 1 is concentrated on the side opposite to the side where the feed point 4 is set-the day is going (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 袈. Order-14- This paper size Applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). The A7 is printed by the consumer cooperation of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (l2) The inner edge near the short side 2 B. In terms of this antenna, the gain of the antenna body 1 itself is about 6 decibels, but as mentioned above, the reflectors 8 and 8 opened to 120 degrees become about 10 decibels, and the angle narrows to 90 degrees to reach 15 decibels, then narrowed to 60 degrees to reach more than 20 decibels. In addition, the reflectors 8 and 8 can capture the communication partner at an open angle of 60 degrees. The effective angle range is 30 degrees. Although they have a higher gain than the multi-element Yagi multilayer antenna, they also have the following characteristics: Extremely narrow like a parabolic antenna. Fig. 5 shows a fifth embodiment: showing the case where a directional antenna according to the present invention is mostly used in combination as an omnidirectional antenna; two reflective plates each at an angle of 90 ° to four mutually orthogonal elements on the same plane 8. Eight antenna bodies 1 are arranged at the middle angle of 8. When forming a fixed facility that does not use a rotator, it can be used as a repeater station or a broadcast station. It can send slightly equal south gain radio waves in all directions. In addition, it can be super-gained by multi-leveling (see Figure 4). Fig. 14 is a type example of the aforementioned fifth embodiment, and shows a zone control antenna for a relay system designed for an antenna system of a portable telephone relay station (No. 1 / Embodiment). In this embodiment, four surface-radiation-type variable directional density antennas with the aforementioned characteristics of vibration-reducing and non-resonant dual-purpose characteristics are arranged in a lodging state that is different from the normal use conditions (applicable on page 3 or 4 of the patent scope Directional antenna) 3 0 'These antennas are arranged at 90 degrees intervals through the boom 28, and after the electrical integration measures are taken through the feeder 丨 7, the phase difference feed is performed at intervals of 1/4 cycle to make them simultaneously Excited and used as an omnidirectional antenna on the horizontal plane. ________ -15- This button is called ^ grid (21GX 297mm) --- (Xian first read the notes on the back and fill in this page) I clothing · 318969 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (l3) When the antenna has the correct service area control function, the radio wave is enclosed in a certain area (covering area 3 1), and the purpose of clearing the radio wave on the boundary line (diffusion in space) must be equal to 4 antennas 30, for The horizontal plane 34 is set downward and downward. In addition, it is generally considered that the droop angle is usually 10 degrees to 30 degrees as a practical range. As shown in FIG. 20, the central axis of the radio wave emission is from the height where the antenna is set When bending down, the area near the surface of the isoelectric field intensity area (the area where the intensity of the received radio waves in space is continuous) 3 3 will occupy more than half of the entire coverage area 3 1 and you can get what you need for the action The field with the lowest electric field strength is more than half. This field has a radius range equivalent to 30 to 50 times the height of the antenna installation, and there is almost no deviation in the electric field strength in the area, and it is possible to irradiate uniform radio waves. If this antenna system is used It is mainly based on the mutual adjustment of the output of the transmitting electric field and the droop angle to control the very correct coverage area. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Economics of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. However, when this antenna system is constructed, it must be used as a surface radiation type. The directional pattern of the variable directivity density antenna 30 alone is at the heart. ^ According to the directional antenna of the present invention, the opening angle between 60 degrees and 12 degrees will work effectively, but if it is between 90 degrees and If the opening angle of the reflector 9 is adjusted in the range of 120 °, as shown in FIG. 21, it can have a curtain-like wide and broad isoelectric field strength field 35 (the isoelectric field crossing the horizontal plane is slightly sharper). That is, here In terms of embodiment, since the antenna groups are arranged on a horizontal plane, and particularly in the UHF band, the radio waves have straightness similar to light, so by appropriately implementing the relationship between antenna installation, opening angle, and power connection adjustment This paper scale is suitable for printing A7 ----- B7 by the China National Scale (CNS) Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economy. V. Description of the invention (14) — ~ ^ — In most areas, the radio signal sensitivity to the terminal equipment can be maintained. On the other hand, outside the coverage area 31, the ideal control area can be set so that the radio wave is completely insensitive. According to this relay system, the area control antenna can be used to construct services. An area-controlled and free antenna system. The features of this technology are not limited to two-way communication, mobile phone relay, but can also be applied to the transmission of information to broadcast, narrow areas, or radio communication. In addition, as an antenna for rebroadcasting, broadcasting, and transmission facilities, the operation has ample gains, and the signal sound can be reliably transmitted to the receiving side, which can improve the power efficiency of transmission. In addition, it also has the following advantages: The structure is relatively simple, it can be manufactured at low cost, and it can also constitute a wind acceptance rate of less than 4%. In addition, since the four antennas are integrated, there is an advantage that even if one of them is damaged, the safety of the damage is generated. The S / N ratio of the antenna itself is good, and good reception sound quality can be ensured. • Figure 11 shows a unified example of a long-distance communication system using a directional antenna according to the present invention. The antenna used in this system is based on the long side 2 A of the antenna body 1 with a length of _1 / 2 wavelength 'and the short side 2 B with a length of 1/6 wavelength from the side on the long side 2 A The feeding point 4 is set at the position of 1/4, and the pair of reflecting plates 8, 8 supported by the opening and closing is installed as the antenna body radiating center to become 4 points away from the supporting points 2 3 of the reflecting plates 8, 8 One wavelength position. The antenna body 1 and the reflectors 8 and 8 are fixed to a support 6. On the other hand, the reflectors 8 and 8 place the antenna body 1 in the center, and the sample connecting mechanism 2 4 can be used at 60 degrees to 1 2 0. The range of degrees is easy to open and close. Pillar 6 through Xuan-17- This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X_297 public cage) '" " " " " " (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order 318969 A7 ______B7 5. Description of the invention (15) The rotating shaft 25 is rotatably supported on the roof of a building, etc. By connecting the rotating shaft 25 to a rotating mechanism (not shown), the antenna body 1 and the reflector 8 can be made 8—Incorporate and face any direction throughout 36 ° degrees east, west, south, and north. With this structure, the directivity can be adjusted while rotating the entire antenna to the radio wave arrival direction, while performing the operation of correctly orienting the antenna for the communication partner, while sharpening the directivity, which is suitable for the required sharp directivity. And high-gain long-distance communication system. The size of the reflector 8 is set such that the length of the long side 44 is 1.4 times to 2 times the length of the long side 2A of the antenna body 1, and the length of the short side 45 is 2 times to 3 times the short side 2b of the antenna body 1. Regarding the structure of the reflection plate 8, it is preferable to form a mesh shape using metal grid lines arranged at intervals of 1/20 wavelength or less. The direction of the antenna and the opening angle of the reflectors 8 and 8 are adjusted by the remote control rotator or the link mechanism 24. The management device for this purpose can be constructed in various forms such as a computer system. For example, a remote display panel 26 is provided. The remote display panel 26 is shown in FIG. The opening angle also indicates the directivity density. The direction of the antenna or the opening angle of the reflectors 8 and 8 can be adjusted according to the relative orientation of the remote control display panel 26 and the communication partner. In addition, an automatic tracking device that can automatically track the other party after capturing the communication partner can be installed. In the case of marine use, an automatic orientation maintaining device that corrects the change in the course of the hull can also be installed to construct an automatic control device that can automatically perform various processes. It is also possible to provide an omnidirectional antenna as a spare antenna 27. This Fangdian antenna is formed by arranging four rectangular frame-shaped loop antennas horizontally at an interval of 90 degrees above the antenna. -18-This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 / ^ (please read the back t notes before filling out this page) stupid. Order A7 B7 printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. J8369 Description of the invention (16 If the long-distance communication system constructed as described above is used for amateur radio or maritime-like services, it has high gain and good directional orientation when used in high-frequency and ultra-high frequency bands. Radio waves are projected, and communication can be carried out using the communication mode that is most suitable for the communication partner ’s positional relationship to maintain a minimum output. In addition, if used in the international UHF band, early entry and exit management can be notified. By installing an auxiliary antenna, even in bad weather It is also possible to carry out preliminary communication during icing or freezing. Figure 2 2 shows an example of a safety system using a directional antenna according to the present invention. This system basically uses the following form of a radiated antenna body 1 of the following form: Figure 1 3 'From a point of 1/4 from the side of each long side 2 A of the rectangular ring 3 with a ratio of 1 to 3 of the long side 2 A to the short side 2 B, take a pair of accumulation points 4, 4 from this point Take the feeder 丨 7; it is composed of a transmitting device 3 7 and a receiving device 3 8 respectively equipped with a directional antenna. The directional antenna is provided with the antenna body 1 in the center, and two grids are symmetrically arranged at an opening angle of 60 degrees The reflection plates 8 and 8 integrate the antenna body 1 and the reflection plate 8. The antenna body 1 of the transmission device 37 is sometimes installed on both long sides as shown in FIG. 23 in order to reduce the size. The principle of this safety system is based on the output of beam-like weak radio waves from the transmitting device 3 7 to the receiving device 3 8 to form a radio wave transmission path 40 between the transmitting device 3 7 and the receiving device 38. The receiving device 3 8 Measure the stable gain potential of the unmodulated carrier wave transmitted by the transmitter. For example, when a person traverses the radio wave transmission path 40, the electrical potential is greatly reduced when the human body passes and the radio wave transmission path 40 is blocked. Propagation path 4 0 -19- This paper is again applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 similar to 297 public). Please read first-read the back side I-I note I matters and then fill this booklet Central Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative V. Description of the invention (17 is the normal state comparison, when Sangke relatively decreased from 0 to 15 points from the total river, the management device 42 on the alarm shell was output. W Start To activate the alarm mechanism, please first read -I read $ 之 -I notice I item 1 then i fill in the private page Λ to receive the device 3 8 set the alarm signal 4 1 to oscillate = such as material frequency, ultra-high frequency band The FM (Fu) agency is equipped with FM receivers in the control device 42 etc., such as the frequency-direction frequency band and the super-direction frequency band, which can perform radio and univariate management of most measured paths. When implementing, it is sometimes necessary to cover the transceivers 37 and 38 with appropriate covers. In addition, a radio wave mirror may be provided in the radio wave transmission path 40, and by refracting the t wave transmission path 40, a radio wave warning fence may be laid. Furthermore, not only the alarm signal 4 as the activation signal of the management device 42 but also the activation signal for directly connecting the anti-theft camera 4 3 through the management device 42 or the subscriber, or a telephone line with a security company, etc. Switch. [Effects of the invention] As mentioned above, the present invention can utilize the advantages of the loop antenna for maximum practical communication, and can inherit the high performance of the Yagi antenna. The directional antenna contained in items 1 and 2 of the patent scope, the first has The following effects: high gain and good performance 'become a high sensitivity as a receiver, and as a transmitter, it can give printing performance to employees' consumer cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy. The first has the following effects: the loop antenna's inherently high reproducibility of reproducibility has fading reduction in the high frequency band, excellent diversity in the UHF and ultra-high frequency bands, and improves the S / N ratio of the communication; the third has The following effects: Highly directional radio waves containing vertically polarized waves improve communication reachability due to improved long-distance reachability. At high frequencies, the projection angle of radio waves becomes lower, at UHF-20- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm)> Printed by the consumer cooperation of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of invention (18). Over the frequency, improve the communication circle. The fourth has the following effects: short structure; Guyou & 2, .. It is easy to be dimensioned, and the full length becomes known, specific and detailed, occupying an area of ^^ ,, 1/10 of the Yagi Antenna. In addition, the wind pressure durability has also been greatly improved. Α It is also easy to install. Refresh and miniaturization also have the fifth effect and the following effects: due to recognition of interference. The mouth, ^ and directional direction prevent neighboring obstacles and interference: the invention of this case is used in the rebroadcasting of TV and FM radio And ^ ^ At first The UHF communication on mountains and mothers can reach a large distance V ^ ^ ^. The output burden of the transmitter is greatly reduced, preventing the interference and interference of the neighboring electrical communication with the h code line, and reusing it At high frequencies, global communication can be achieved by the ^ band (SSB) and continuous wave (cw). Do not use a directional antenna that forms the structure contained in item 4 of the patent application range, you can get high gains and concentrate through the reflection mechanism When the% wave 1 in the specified direction is removed, the radio wave in the specified direction is removed, and the radio wave is not projected in the universal direction other than necessary. The communication area is expanded due to these characteristics. In addition, it has: a combination of several diversity performances, especially in the high frequency band ， 远远 通 #The performance is highly significant, so it can be widely used from ultra high frequency to high frequency by applying a little electrical integration measures. Moreover, this antenna has roughly complete sharp cone beam performance and directivity ratio (FB ratio) is large, and no side lobes occur, so it is possible to reproduce with a high degree of comprehension during reception. Therefore, it can overcome the problem of front side lobes like conventional corner reflector antennas and continuously set The directivity density changes. These results, when the communication partner also uses this directional antenna, the secret of communication can be protected when the line is secured. 21-This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210) < 297 C) Read the item on the back and book this page again to make a printed copy of the employee ’s consumer cooperation of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 518969 V. Description of invention (θ) = On the one hand, the ^ direction antenna contained in item 3 of the patent scope is basically ^ The same effect ', but regarding the effectiveness of long-distance communication, it is slightly worse than the directional antenna contained in item 4 of the application scope. It is used for applications that cover relatively close distances, such as televisions. Reception, the disconnection of the receiving $ state and the non-receiving state is good, and it is convenient at the point where the antenna setting can be easily adjusted. . Moreover, using the directional antenna contained in item 5 or 6 of the patent application as 1: 2 uses a TV antenna, the aforementioned advantages are combined with each other, and even under indoor conditions = a strict radio wave condition, it can play a weak, medium electric field correspondence Powerful, high-impact and vivid image reproduction is possible. If the directional antenna according to the present invention is used for TV reception, it can be reliably received in the radio wave area of low-output TV stations in response to the era of multiple UHF radios, and the number of viewers can be increased. If the area control antenna for the relay system of patent application No. 7 is used in relay facilities such as mobile phones, the channel processing capacity in the covered area can be dramatically improved, and operation errors and service omissions can be greatly reduced. The so-called p H s service can be improved from both quantitative and qualitative aspects. In addition, in terms of communication between relay stations and the combination of forwarding, a pair of boundary radiating antennas can be used in a fixed-point method. In addition, for example, when the antenna is used in the UHF band, it is mainly used as a regional multi-purpose communication facility in developing countries. It is arranged in a line (lat. 5 km to 50 km) at a certain interval (丨 5 km to 50 km), and can be used for multi-purpose. Administrative services (police, public security, first aid, water management, disaster prevention) 'make the management of vast fields (unreclaimed land, deserts, etc.) easy, and not only can deal with emergency situations-22- This paper is suitable for finance and miscellaneous {袈- -(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order A7 V. Description of invention (20 B7 'and can contribute to various public welfare undertakings such as broadcasting, telecommunications, telephone business, etc .... Application for the third patent scope In the patent scope contained in item 8 of the item, there are 4 priests, 'the application, the long-distance communication system, in terms of amateur helmet line rain, aviation business radio, military, and public use, may-face will: need The transmission power of W is limited to a minimum, and the surface of each other makes effective use of the radio waves of scarce resources, so that the communication volume of the long-distance and close-range two sides and the two sides of f are developed. The patent application is contained in item 9 The security system, by connecting with each receiving device using omnidirectional antennas, can be comprehensively carried out by the radio method, which has the advantages of not causing damage to the building, and can be constructed and removed at low cost. Compared with the method, there are few erroneous actions caused by small external disturbances (small animals passing through or shaking of trees), and (iv) tiny electric waves that are harmless to humans and animals. [Simple description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the directional antenna according to the present invention-the implementation of shape energy Side view. FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a side view of an antenna body of a directional antenna according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing an example of multi-leveling the antenna body of FIG. Fig. 5 is a perspective view showing an example when a directional antenna according to the present invention is used as an omnidirectional antenna. Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment constituting a directional antenna according to the present invention as an outdoor television antenna. The size of this paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 × 297mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page)-Order the Central Standard of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the quasi-bureau 5. Description of the invention (η) A7 B7 Printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the antenna body according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a display structure The directional antenna according to the present invention is a perspective view of a third embodiment of a television antenna for indoor use. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a reflector used in a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a display based on A plan view of an example of a cutout on a reflective plate according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is an external view showing an example of a long-distance communication system using a directional antenna according to the present invention. FIG. 12 is a directional antenna according to the present invention. A schematic diagram of an example of a remote control display panel. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of a directional antenna according to the present invention as a transmissive variable-directivity density antenna. Fig. 14 is a perspective view showing an example of an area control antenna for a relay system according to the present invention. Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an antenna system of a portable telephone relay station. Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the directional characteristics of a square ring surface boundary radiation sting antenna. Fig. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the directional characteristics and the range-enhancement of the surface-bound radiation-type variable directional antenna. Fig. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the directional characteristics and gain of a surface-bound radiation-type variable directional antenna. 24- A4 specification (210X297 ^ 57 " (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 袈. Order A7 31S969 B7 5. Description of the invention (22) Figure 19 shows the directional characteristics of the surface-radiation variable directional antenna And gain explanatory diagram. Fig. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the area control antenna sag angle and the equal electric field strength area for the relay system. Fig. 21 is an explanatory diagram showing the directional characteristics of the surface-bound radiation-type variable directional antenna. Figure 22 is a structural diagram showing an example of a security system according to the present invention. Figure 23 is a side view of an antenna body used in a receiving device. [Explanation of component numbers] 2 A long side 2 B short side 3 rectangular ring 4 feed Electrical point 6 Post 8 Reflector 9 Angular reflector 4 4 Long side 4 5 Short side 19 Base 2 1 Notch 2 2 Hole 2 7 Preparing antenna 29 Support column 3 7 Transmitter -25- This paper size applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X 297mm) (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) 袈 · order A7 printed by the employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy V. Invention description (23) 3 8 Receiver 4 1 alarm No. 4 2 Management device (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 袈. Order Printed by the Employees ’Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-26- This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 Centigrade)