TW201643377A - Rotational electronic component and rotation encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

This rotation encoder is provided with: a shaft which is rotatable around an axis, and which is movable along that axis; a restriction member which restricts the rotation angle of the shaft; an encoder mechanism which detects the rotation direction of the shaft and the rotation angle thereof; and a switch mechanism which is pressed by the shaft moving along the axis of the shaft. The shaft is provided with an outer circumference surface that includes a plurality of convexities and concavities arranged in the circumferential direction. The restriction member is provided with a contact part which is contactable with the outer circumference surface of the shaft. The contact part is in contact with a convexity on the outer circumference surface of the shaft in an elastically energized manner, and is engaged with a concavity in the outer circumference surface of the shaft, thereby restricting the rotation angle of the shaft.

Description

Rotary electronic parts and rotary encoder

The present invention relates to a rotary electronic component and a rotary encoder.

In the prior art, a rotary encoder as an example of a rotary electronic component is described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2004-95242 (Patent Document 1). The rotary encoder has a mechanical shaft, a limiting member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft, an encoder mechanism that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft, and a switching mechanism that is pressed by the mechanical shaft.

The encoder mechanism has a rotor attached to the mechanical shaft and a slider mounted to the rotor. The restricting member contacts the outer peripheral surface of the rotor to restrict the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft.

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-95242

However, in the above-described conventional rotary encoder, since the restriction member is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the rotor to restrict the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft, it has a function of restricting the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft to the rotor. Therefore, there is a problem that a part of the encoder mechanism, that is, the rotor becomes large, and the rotary encoder is enlarged.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a rotary electronic component and a rotary encoder that can be downsized.

In order to solve the above problems, the rotary electronic component of the present invention includes: a mechanical shaft that is rotatable about a shaft and movable along an axis; a restricting member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a switch mechanism that is pressed by the mechanical shaft by movement of the mechanical shaft along the shaft; and the mechanical shaft has a plurality of convex portions arranged in a circumferential direction and a peripheral surface of the recessed portion; the restricting member has a contact portion that can contact the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, and the contact portion elastically energizes and contacts the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, and is embedded The rotation angle of the mechanical shaft is restricted by a concave portion on the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft.

A rotary electronic component according to the present invention includes: a restricting member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; a mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a switching mechanism that is driven by the mechanical shaft Pressed by the mechanical axis along the movement of the shaft. Thereby, the click function of the restricting member, the mechanical shaft rotation detecting function of the mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism, and the switching function of the switching mechanism can be controlled by one mechanical shaft. Therefore, three functions can be integrally controlled by one mechanical shaft, and the size of the rotary electronic component can be reduced.

Further, since the restricting member restricts the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft by the convex portion and the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, it does not have a function of restricting the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft to a part of the mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism (for example, the rotor). The mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism is made small, and the size of the rotary electronic component can be reduced.

Moreover, the rotary encoder of the present invention includes: a mechanical shaft that is rotatable about a center and movable along the shaft; a limiting member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; an encoder mechanism that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a switching mechanism that is moved by the mechanical shaft along the shaft Pressing; the mechanical shaft includes a plurality of convex portions and a peripheral surface of the concave portion arranged in the circumferential direction; the restricting member has a contact portion that can contact the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, and the contact portion is opposite to the mechanical portion The convex portion on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft is elastically energized to contact, and is fitted in a concave portion on the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft to restrict the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft.

Preferably, the housing has a housing in which the mechanical shaft is rotatable about the axis and movable along the shaft.

A rotary encoder according to the present invention has: a restricting member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; an encoder mechanism that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a switching mechanism that is along the shaft by the mechanical shaft It is moved and pressed by the mechanical shaft. Thereby, the click function of the restricting member, the encoder function of the encoder mechanism, and the switching function of the switching mechanism can be controlled by one mechanical shaft. Therefore, three functions can be integrally controlled by one mechanical shaft, and the size of the rotary encoder can be reduced.

Further, since the restricting member restricts the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft by the convex portion and the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, it does not have a function of restricting the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft to a part of the encoder mechanism (for example, the rotor), and the encoding can be performed. The mechanism is small, and the size of the rotary encoder can be reduced.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to the embodiment, the contact portion includes a first contact portion and a second contact portion, and when the first contact portion is in contact with a convex portion on an outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, The second contact portion is fitted into the concave portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, and the first connection is When the dot portion is fitted into the concave portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, the second contact portion comes into contact with the convex portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft.

According to the rotary encoder of the above-described embodiment, when the first contact portion comes into contact with the convex portion on the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, the second contact portion is fitted into the concave portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, and the first contact is formed on the first contact. When the dot portion is fitted into the concave portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, the second contact portion comes into contact with the convex portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft. Thereby, when the mechanical shaft rotates, the first contact portion and the second contact portion are alternately fitted in the concave portion on the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft. Therefore, even if the mechanical axis is made small, the number of clicks can be increased.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to the embodiment, the encoder mechanism includes: an encoder substrate; a resistor pattern provided on the encoder substrate; and an encoder terminal provided on the encoder substrate and electrically The resistor is connected to the resistor pattern; the rotor is attached to the mechanical shaft so as to be rotatable together with the mechanical shaft; and the slider is attached to the rotor and is slidably coupled to the resistor pattern.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to the embodiment, the switching mechanism includes: a switch substrate; two switch terminals disposed on the switch substrate; and a conductor electrically connected to the one of the switch terminals And being pressed by the end of the mechanical shaft, and electrically connected to the other switch terminal, and the one of the switch terminals and the other switch terminal are electrically connected.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to the embodiment, the encoder substrate and the switch substrate are integrally integrated by the bent encoder terminal.

According to the rotary encoder of the above embodiment, since the encoder substrate and the switch substrate are integrally integrated by the bent encoder terminals, the encoder substrate and the switch substrate can be integrated by the encoder terminal. Therefore, the bonding strength between the encoder substrate and the switch substrate can be improved without increasing the number of parts.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to the embodiment, the housing has a housing that rotates around the shaft and is movable along the shaft; and the housing has an encoder fixed to fix the encoder substrate. And a switch fixing portion that fixes the switch substrate.

According to the rotary encoder of the above embodiment, since the casing has the encoder fixing portion for fixing the encoder substrate and the switch fixing portion for fixing the switch substrate, the encoder substrate and the switch substrate can be integrated by the casing. Therefore, the bonding strength between the encoder substrate and the switch substrate can be improved without increasing the number of parts.

Further, in the rotary encoder according to the embodiment, the housing has a housing that is rotatable about a shaft and movable along the shaft; and the rotor has an outer diameter of the rotor that is long. a diameter portion and a short diameter portion having a short diameter with respect to an outer diameter of the rotor; the housing having a fastening portion, wherein the short diameter portion is detached without being buckled, and the long diameter portion is The rotor rotates and buckles off.

According to the rotary encoder of the above embodiment, the housing has a locking portion that is detached without being buckled, and the long diameter portion can be buckled by the rotation of the rotor. Thereby, when the rotor is attached to the casing, the short-diameter portion of the rotor passes through the fastening portion of the casing, so that the assembly of the rotor to the casing is facilitated. On the other hand, after the rotor is attached to the casing, the long diameter portion of the rotor is fastened to the buckle portion of the casing by rotating the rotor, and the state in which the rotor is assembled to the casing can be maintained.

According to the rotary electronic component and the rotary encoder of the present invention, since the restriction member limits the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft by the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, one of the mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism or the encoder mechanism can be made small. The miniaturization of the rotary encoder is sought.

1‧‧‧Rotary encoder (rotary electronic parts)

2‧‧‧Shell

3‧‧‧ mechanical shaft

5‧‧‧Restricted components

6‧‧‧Encoder mechanism (mechanical shaft rotation detection mechanism)

7‧‧‧Switching mechanism

21‧‧‧Upper wall

21a‧‧‧孔部

22‧‧‧ side wall

22a‧‧‧ hole part (switch fixing part)

22b‧‧‧Slot (encoder fixed part)

22c‧‧‧Deduction

23‧‧‧Blint (encoder fixed part)

24‧‧‧ protruding piece (encoder fixing part)

30‧‧‧ Gear-shaped outer circumference

31‧‧‧ convex

32‧‧‧ recess

35‧‧‧Operation Department

36‧‧‧End

51‧‧‧1st contact department

52‧‧‧2nd contact department

60‧‧‧Encoder substrate

60a‧‧‧ recess

60b‧‧‧ protrusion

61‧‧‧resist pattern

62‧‧‧resist pattern

63‧‧‧resist pattern

65‧‧‧Rotor

65a‧‧‧孔部

65b‧‧‧ protrusion

66‧‧‧ slider

68‧‧‧Insulation sheet

68a‧‧‧孔部

70‧‧‧Switch substrate

70a‧‧‧ recess

70b‧‧‧ protrusion

70c‧‧‧

71‧‧‧Electrical conductor

71a‧‧‧ Peripheral part

71b‧‧‧The zenith part

601‧‧‧Encoder terminal

601a‧‧‧End

602‧‧‧Encoder terminal

602a‧‧‧End

603‧‧‧Encoder terminal

603a‧‧‧End

651‧‧‧Long Path Department

652‧‧‧Short-diameter department

661‧‧‧1st contact department

662‧‧‧2nd contact department

663‧‧‧3rd Contact Department

671‧‧‧1st electrode part

672‧‧‧2nd electrode section

673‧‧‧3rd electrode section

701‧‧‧Switch terminals

702‧‧‧Switch terminals

703‧‧‧Switch terminals

A‧‧‧ points

B‧‧‧ points

C‧‧‧ points

X‧‧‧ direction

Y‧‧‧ direction

Z‧‧‧ direction

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the rotary encoder as an example of a rotary electronic component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder.

Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the top of the rotary encoder.

Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder.

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary encoder.

Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view from below the encoder mechanism.

Figure 7 is a perspective view from below the encoder mechanism.

Figure 8 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the encoder mechanism.

Figure 9 is a waveform diagram showing the output waveform of the encoder mechanism.

Figure 10 is a plan view showing the relationship between the mechanical shaft and the restricting member.

Fig. 11A is a graph showing changes in torque of the first contact portion and the second contact portion when the mechanical shaft rotates.

Fig. 11B is a graph showing changes in torque after combining the torque of the first contact portion with the torque of the second contact portion.

Fig. 12A is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling a rotary encoder.

Fig. 12B is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12C is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12D is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12E is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12F is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12G is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12H is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling the rotary encoder.

Fig. 12I is an explanatory view showing a method of assembling a rotary encoder.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of embodiments shown in the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the rotary encoder as an example of a rotary electronic component according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder. Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view of the top of the rotary encoder. Figure 4 is an exploded perspective view of the bottom of the rotary encoder. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a rotary encoder.

In each of the figures, the width direction of the rotary encoder is set to the X direction, and the longitudinal direction of the rotary encoder is set to the Y direction. Set the height direction of the rotary encoder to the Z direction. The positive direction of the Z direction is set to the upper side, and the negative direction of the Z direction is set to the lower side.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the rotary encoder 1 has a housing 2, a mechanical shaft 3 that is mounted on the housing 2 so as to be rotatable about a shaft and movable along the shaft, and a restricting member 5 The rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3 is limited; the encoder mechanism 6 detects the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3; and the switching mechanism 7 is pressed by the mechanical shaft 3 by the movement of the mechanical shaft 3 along the shaft. The restriction member 5, the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch mechanism 7 are arranged along the axis of the mechanical shaft 3 from the upper side to the lower side.

The housing 2 contains, for example, a metal. The casing 2 integrally assembles the mechanical shaft 3, the restriction member 5, the encoder mechanism 6, and the switch mechanism 7.

The housing 2 has an upper wall 21, side walls 22, 22 which are disposed on both sides of the upper wall 21 in the X direction and extend downward; and a protruding wall 23 which is disposed in the positive direction of the Y direction of the upper wall 21. And extending downward; and the tab 24 is disposed in a negative direction of the Y direction of the upper wall 21 and extends downward. The upper wall 21 has a hole portion 21a. The side wall 22 has a hole portion 22a on the lower side and a groove portion 22b on the upper side. A locking portion 22c that protrudes toward the inner side of the casing 2 is provided on the inner surface of the hole portion 22a. The protruding wall 23 extends over the entire length of the upper wall 21 in the X direction. Tab 24 It is placed in the central portion of the upper wall 21 in the X direction.

The mechanical shaft 3 contains, for example, a resin. The mechanical shaft 3 has an operation portion 35, a gear-shaped outer circumferential surface 30, and an end portion 36. The operation portion 35, the gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30, and the end portion 36 are arranged along the shaft from the upper side to the lower side. The operation unit 35 has a notch that is a symbol of the rotation of the mechanical shaft 3. The gear-shaped outer peripheral surface 30 includes a plurality of convex portions 31 and concave portions 32. The plurality of convex portions 31 and the concave portions 32 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The operation portion 35 penetrates the hole portion 21a of the upper wall 21 of the casing 2, and the user can operate the operation portion 35 from the outside of the casing 2.

The restricting member 5 contains, for example, a metal. The restricting member 5 is, for example, a leaf spring. The restricting member 5 has a first contact portion 51 and a second contact portion 52 that can come into contact with the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 . The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 elastically energize and contact the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, and are fitted in the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 to be restricted. The angle of rotation of the mechanical shaft 3. The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are formed by bending. The first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are located at substantially opposite positions.

The encoder mechanism 6 has an encoder substrate 60, resistor patterns 61, 62, 63, and the like, which are disposed on the encoder substrate 60, encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603, which are disposed on the encoder substrate 60, and are electrically Connected to the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63; the rotor 65 is mounted to the mechanical shaft 3 so as to be rotatable together with the mechanical shaft 3; and the slider 66 is mounted to the rotor 65 and to the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 sliding.

The encoder substrate 60 includes, for example, a resin. A concave portion 60a is provided on the upper surface of the encoder substrate 60, and a restriction member 5 is fitted in the concave portion 60a. Projections 60b are provided on both sides of the encoder substrate 60 in the X direction. The projection 60b is fitted into the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. Both sides of the encoder substrate 60 in the Y direction are sandwiched by the projecting walls 23 and the tabs 24. In this manner, the encoder substrate 60 is fixed to the casing 2 by the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22, the protruding wall 23, and the protruding piece 24. In other words, the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22, the protruding wall 23, and the tab 24 constitute an encoder fixing portion that fixes the encoder substrate 60.

The resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 are provided on the lower surface of the encoder substrate 60. resistance The body patterns 61, 62, and 63 are used to detect the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3. The first resistor pattern 61, the second resistor pattern 62, and the third resistor pattern 63 are formed in a ring shape and arranged concentrically. The first resistor pattern 61, the second resistor pattern 62, and the third resistor pattern 63 are arranged in order from the outer side to the inner side in the diameter direction. The first resistor pattern 61 and the second resistor pattern 62 are intermittently formed. The third resistor pattern 63 is continuously formed.

The encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603 are inserted and formed on the encoder substrate 60. The first encoder terminal 601 is electrically connected to the first resistor pattern 61, the second encoder terminal 602 is electrically connected to the second resistor pattern 62, and the third encoder terminal 603 is electrically connected to the third resistor. Body pattern 63.

The rotor 65 is positioned in the circumferential direction with respect to the mechanical shaft 3 and is movable in the axial direction. Specifically, the rotor 65 has a D-shaped hole portion 65a. The outer peripheral surface of the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 is formed in a D shape. The end portion 36 of the D shape is fitted to the hole portion 65a of the D shape, and the rotor 65 is fixed in the circumferential direction with respect to the mechanical shaft 3 and is not fixed in the axial direction.

The rotor 65 is formed in a substantially elliptical shape. The rotor 65 has a long diameter portion 651 in which the outer diameter of the rotor 65 is a long diameter, and a short diameter portion 652 having a short diameter in the outer diameter of the rotor 65. The length of the long diameter portion 651 is larger than the gap between the locking portions 22c of the opposite side walls 22, and the length of the short diameter portion 652 is smaller than the gap between the locking portions 22c of the opposing side walls 22. In other words, the buckle portion 22c is detached without the buckle of the short diameter portion 652, and the long diameter portion 651 can be configured to be detached by the rotation of the rotor 65.

The slider 4 contains, for example, a metal. The slider 66 is fixed to the two projections 65b on the upper surface of the rotor 65. The slider 66 is formed in a ring shape. The slider 66 has a first contact portion 661, a second contact portion 662, and a third contact portion 663. The first contact portion 661, the second contact portion 662, and the third contact portion 663 are arranged in order from the outer side to the inner side in the diameter direction. The first contact portion 661, the second contact portion 662, and the third contact portion 663 are electrically connected. The first contact portion 661 can be in contact with the first resistor pattern 61, the second contact portion 662 can be in contact with the second resistor pattern 62, and the third contact portion 663 can be It is in contact with the third resistor pattern 63.

The switch mechanism 7 includes a switch substrate 70, first to third switch terminals 701, 702, and 703, which are provided on the switch substrate 70, and a conductor 71 which is provided on the switch substrate 70 and is driven by the mechanical shaft 3. The end 36 is pressed. The conductor 71 is electrically connected to the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702. The conductor 71 is pressed by the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3, and is electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, and electrically connects the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 and the third switch terminal 703. When the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 are electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, the switch signal is turned on. For example, each function operates by turning on the switching signal. Further, only one of the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 may be provided with a switch terminal.

Projections 70b are provided on both sides of the switch substrate 70 in the X direction. The projection 70b is fitted into the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. In this manner, the switch substrate 70 is fixed to the casing 2 by the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22. In other words, the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22 constitutes a switch fixing portion that fixes the switch substrate 70.

A step portion 70c is provided on one side of the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 in the X direction. At the step 70c, the ends of the bent encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603 are engaged. That is, the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 are integrally combined by the bent encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603.

The depth of the step 70c is deeper than the thickness of the encoder terminals 601, 602, 603. Thereby, when the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 is placed on the mounting substrate, the lower surface of the switch substrate 70 can be used as the installation surface instead of the encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603.

The first to third switch terminals 701, 702, and 703 are inserted and formed on the switch substrate 70. The third switch terminal 703 is located between the first switch terminal 701 and the second switch terminal 702.

The electric conductor 71 has elasticity. The electric conductor 71 is formed in a meander shape. The conductor 71 is embedded in the recess 70a on the upper surface of the switch substrate 70.

The peripheral portion 71a of the conductor 71 is electrically connected to the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702. The zenith portion 71b of the electrical conductor 71 is in the free state of the electrical conductor 71, from the third switch The terminal 703 is isolated, and is pressed by the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 to be electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703.

That is, when the mechanical shaft 3 is pressed downward, the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 presses the zenith portion 71b of the electric conductor 71, and the zenith portion 71b of the electric conductor 71 is electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703. Thereby, the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 are electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, and the switching signal is turned on.

On the other hand, when the pressing of the lower side of the mechanical shaft 3 is released, the conductor 71 returns to the free state, whereby the mechanical shaft 3 moves upward, and the zenith portion 71b of the conductor 71 is isolated from the third switch terminal 703. Thereby, the first and second switch terminals 701 and 702 are not electrically connected to the third switch terminal 703, and the switch signal is turned off.

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the encoder mechanism 6 as viewed from below. As shown in FIG. 6, the first, second, and third electrode portions 671, 672, and 673 are provided on the lower surface of the encoder substrate 60. The first electrode portion 671, the second electrode portion 672, and the third electrode portion 673 are formed in a ring shape and arranged concentrically. The first electrode portion 671, the second electrode portion 672, and the third electrode portion 673 are arranged in order from the outer side to the inner side in the diameter direction. The first electrode portion 671 is electrically connected to the end portion 601a of the first encoder terminal 601, the second electrode portion 672 is electrically connected to the end portion 602a of the second encoder terminal 602, and the third electrode portion 673 is electrically connected. It is connected to the end portion 603a of the third encoder terminal 603.

An insulating sheet 68 is laminated on the first, second, and third electrode portions 671, 672, and 673. The insulating sheet 68 covers the first electrode portion 671 and the second electrode portion 672 so that the first electrode portion 671 is intermittently exposed in the circumferential direction and the second electrode portion 672 is intermittently exposed in the circumferential direction. In other words, the insulating sheet 68 has a plurality of holes 68a intermittently arranged in the circumferential direction, and the first electrode portion 671 and the second electrode portion 672 are exposed from the hole portion 68a of the insulating sheet 68. The third electrode portion 673 is not covered by the insulating sheet 68.

The first resistor pattern 61 is provided in a portion where the first electrode portion 671 is exposed from the insulating sheet 68, and the second resistor pattern 62 is provided in a portion where the second electrode portion 672 is exposed from the insulating sheet 68. The electrode portion 673 is provided with a third resistor pattern 63.

Thereby, the first resistor pattern 61 is electrically connected to the first encoder terminal 601 via the first electrode portion 671, and the second resistor pattern 62 is electrically connected to the second encoder via the second electrode portion 672. The terminal 602 and the third resistor pattern 63 are electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603 via the third electrode portion 673.

Figure 7 is a perspective view from below the encoder mechanism 6. As shown in FIG. 7, the first contact portion 661 of the slider 66 is located at a position corresponding to the first resistor pattern 61, and the second contact portion 662 of the slider 66 is located corresponding to the second resistor pattern 62. At the position, the third contact portion 663 of the slider 66 is located at a position corresponding to the third resistor pattern 63.

Further, the first contact portion 661 is alternately in contact with the first resistor pattern 61 and the insulating sheet 68 by the rotation of the slider 66, and the second contact portion 662 is alternated with the second resistor pattern 62 and the insulating sheet 68. contact. The third contact portion 663 is always in contact with the third resistor pattern 63. That is, the first encoder terminal 601 and the third encoder terminal 603 are intermittently electrically connected by the rotation of the slider 66, and the second encoder terminal 602 and the third encoder terminal 603 are intermittently electrically connected.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the encoder mechanism 6. Fig. 9 is a waveform diagram showing the output waveform of the encoder mechanism 6. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, when the first encoder terminal 601 is electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603, current flows between point A and point C, and the A signal is turned on. When the second encoder terminal 602 is electrically connected to the third encoder terminal 603, a current flows between point B and point C, and the B signal is turned on.

In the clockwise rotation of the slider 66, the rotation angle of the slider 66 from the start of the disconnection of the A signal to the start of the next disconnection is 60°. The B signal is also the same. Further, the deviation between the start of the disconnection of the A signal and the start of the disconnection of the B signal is 15° in the rotation angle of the slider 66. Further, when the slider 66 is rotated once (that is, the rotation angle of the slider 66 is 360°), the combination of the combination of the ON signal and the OFF signal of the A signal and the B signal is divided into 24 pieces. That is, it can be judged that the rotation angle of the slider 66 when the slider 66 is rotated once Change every 15°. Therefore, by judging the change of the A signal and the B signal, the rotation direction and the rotation angle (rotation amount) of the slider 66 can be judged.

Fig. 10 is a plan view showing the relationship between the mechanical shaft 3 and the restricting member 5. As shown in FIG. 10, when the first contact portion 51 of the restricting member 5 comes into contact with the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, the second contact portion 52 of the restricting member 5 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft 3. 30 recess 32. On the other hand, when the first contact portion 51 of the regulating member 5 is fitted into the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, the second contact portion 52 of the regulating member 5 and the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 are formed. 31 contact. That is, the phase difference of the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3 is provided between the contact between the first contact portion 51 and the convex portion 31 and the contact between the second contact portion 52 and the convex portion 31. When the mechanical shaft 3 rotates, the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 are alternately fitted into the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3.

FIG. 11A is a graph showing changes in torque of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 when the mechanical shaft 3 rotates. As shown in FIG. 11A, as the mechanical shaft 3 rotates, the torque of each of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52 becomes a maximum and minimum waveform of repetition. For example, when the mechanical shaft 3 rotates and the convex portion 31 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3 passes against the elastic force of the first contact portion 51, the torque is maximized. When the torque becomes maximum from the maximum, the user gets a click feeling. The torque of the first contact portion 51 and the torque of the second contact portion 52 are alternately maximized.

FIG. 11B is a graph showing changes in the torque obtained by combining the torque of the first contact portion 51 and the torque of the second contact portion 52. As shown in FIG. 11B, the wavelength of the waveform of the combined torque is twice the wavelength of the waveform of each torque of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52. In other words, when the number of the combined torques is maximized (the number of clicks), the number of the torques of the first contact portion 51 is maximized (the number of clicks) and the torque of the second contact portion 52 becomes The maximum number (clicks) is added.

Therefore, by shifting the waveform of the torque of the first contact portion 51 and the waveform of the torque of the second contact portion 52, the total number of clicks becomes the respective clicks of the first contact portion 51 and the second contact portion 52. 2 times the number. Therefore, even if the mechanical shaft 3 is made small, the number of clicks can be increased.

Next, an assembly method of the rotary encoder 1 will be described.

As shown in FIG. 12A, the upper surface 21 of the casing 2 is reversed so as to be lower. As shown in FIG. 12B, the operation portion 35 of the mechanical shaft 3 is inserted into the hole portion 21a of the upper wall 21, and the mechanical shaft 3 is placed in the casing 2.

As shown in FIG. 12C, the encoder substrate 60 provided with the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 and the regulating member 5 is inserted into the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3, and is provided in the casing 2. At this time, the projection 60b of the encoder substrate 60 is fitted into the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22 of the casing 2. Both sides of the encoder substrate 60 in the Y direction are sandwiched by the protruding wall 23 of the casing 2 and the tab 24. The encoder terminals 601, 602, 603 are not bent except for the ends.

As shown in FIG. 12D, the rotor 65 is inserted into the end portion 36 of the mechanical shaft 3 to be disposed in the casing 2. At this time, the short diameter portion 652 of the rotor 65 is passed through the locking portion 22c of the side wall 22 of the casing 2, and the rotor 65 is attached to the casing 2. Since the short diameter portion 652 is not engaged with the locking portion 22c, the rotor 65 is easily attached to the casing 2.

As shown in FIG. 12E, after the rotor 65 is attached to the casing 2, the operating portion 35 of the mechanical shaft 3 is operated to rotate the rotor 65, and the long diameter portion 651 of the rotor 65 is fastened to the side wall 22 of the casing 2. Part 22c. Since the long diameter portion 651 is fastened to the locking portion 22c by the rotation of the rotor 65, the assembled state of the rotor 65 in the casing 2 can be maintained.

As shown in FIG. 12F, the upper surface 21 of the casing 2 is reversed. At this time, since the rotor 65 is fastened to the locking portion 22c of the side wall 22 of the casing 2, the rotor 65 does not fall toward the lower side.

As shown in FIG. 12G, the conductor 71 is fitted into the recess 70a of the switch substrate 70 in which the switch terminals 701, 702, and 703 are provided, and the casing 2 is attached to the switch substrate 70 from the upper side of the switch substrate 70. As a result, the conductor 71 can be held in the recess 70a of the switch substrate 70, and the casing 2 can be attached to the switch substrate 70.

As shown in FIG. 12H, the protrusion 70b of the switch substrate 70 is embedded in the sidewall 22 of the housing 2. The hole portion 22a fixes the switch substrate 70 to the casing 2. In this manner, the encoder substrate 60 is fixed to the hole portion 22a of the side wall 22 of the encoder fixing portion of the casing 2, and the switch substrate 70 is fixed to the groove portion 22b of the side wall 22 of the switch fixing portion of the casing 2, and protrudes. Since the wall 23 and the tab 24 are provided, the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 can be integrated by the casing 2. Therefore, the joint strength between the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 can be increased without increasing the number of parts.

As shown in FIG. 12I, the portions of the encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603 that protrude from the encoder substrate 60 are bent, and the ends of the encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603 are fastened to the step portion 70c. Thus, the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 are integrally integrated by the bent encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603. Thereby, the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 can be integrated by the encoder terminals 601, 602, and 603. Therefore, the joint strength between the encoder substrate 60 and the switch substrate 70 can be increased without increasing the number of parts.

According to the above rotary encoder 1, there is provided a restriction member 5 that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3, an encoder mechanism 6 that detects a rotation direction and a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3, and a switch mechanism 7 that is driven by a mechanical shaft 3 is pressed by the mechanical shaft 3 along the movement of the shaft. Thereby, the click function of the restriction member 5, the encoder function of the encoder mechanism 6, and the switching function of the switch mechanism 7 can be controlled by one mechanical shaft 3. Therefore, three functions can be integrally controlled by one mechanical shaft 3, and the size of the rotary encoder 1 can be reduced.

Further, since the restricting member 5 restricts the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3 by the convex portion 31 and the concave portion 32 of the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, it does not have a portion of the encoder mechanism 6 (in this embodiment, the rotor 65) The function of limiting the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft 3 allows the encoder mechanism 6 to be small, and the size of the rotary encoder 1 can be reduced.

Further, the slider 66 (rotor 65) is located closer to the switch mechanism 7 side (lower side) than the resistor patterns 61, 62, and 63. Thereby, when the mechanical shaft 3 is pressed toward the switch mechanism 7, the slider 66 is biased in a direction away from the resistor patterns 61, 62, 63 even if the rotor 65 is pulled downward. Therefore, the slider 66 is not deformed by being pressed by the resistor patterns 61, 62, and 63, and the reliability of the output of the encoder mechanism 6 can be maintained.

Further, the regulating member 5 and the resistor patterns 61, 62, and 63 are located on the opposite side with respect to the encoder substrate 60. Thereby, even if the restriction member 5 comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, the abrasion powder is generated from the outer peripheral surface 30 of the mechanical shaft 3, and the abrasion powder is prevented by the encoder substrate 60 without invading into the resistor pattern 61. , 62, 63 side. Therefore, the deterioration of the electrical characteristics of the encoder mechanism 6 caused by the abrasion powder can be prevented.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and design changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

In the above embodiment, the restricting member, the encoder mechanism, and the switching mechanism are arranged along the axis of the mechanical shaft from the upper side to the lower side, but the encoder mechanism and the switching mechanism may be changed along the axis of the mechanical shaft. order.

In the above embodiment, the contact timing between the first contact portion and the concave portion and the contact timing between the second contact portion and the concave portion are shifted in the relationship between the regulating member and the mechanical shaft, but they may be simultaneously set.

In the above embodiment, the regulating member has two contact portions, but the contact portions may be one or three or more.

In the above embodiment, the regulating member includes a leaf spring, but may include a ball and an elastic member that imparts an elastic force to the ball. In this case, the ball is fitted into the concave portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft to restrict the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft.

In the above embodiment, a rotary encoder is used as an example of the rotary electronic component, but a rotary electronic component such as a potentiometer or a trimmer capacitor may be used. At this time, instead of the encoder mechanism, a mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism that detects the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the mechanical shaft is used. The mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism is configured similarly to the encoder mechanism, for example.

1‧‧‧Rotary encoder (rotary electronic parts)

2‧‧‧Shell

3‧‧‧ mechanical shaft

21‧‧‧Upper wall

21a‧‧‧孔部

22‧‧‧ side wall

22a‧‧‧ hole part (switch fixing part)

22b‧‧‧Slot (encoder fixed part)

23‧‧‧Blint (encoder fixed part)

24‧‧‧ protruding piece (encoder fixing part)

35‧‧‧Operation Department

60‧‧‧Encoder substrate

60b‧‧‧ protrusion

70‧‧‧Switch substrate

70b‧‧‧ protrusion

601‧‧‧Encoder terminal

602‧‧‧Encoder terminal

603‧‧‧Encoder terminal

X‧‧‧ direction

Y‧‧‧ direction

Z‧‧‧ direction

Claims (9)

A rotary electronic component comprising: a mechanical shaft rotatable about a shaft and movable along an axis; a restriction member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and a mechanical shaft rotation detecting mechanism that detects rotation of the mechanical shaft a direction and a rotation angle; and a switch mechanism that is pressed by the mechanical shaft by movement of the mechanical shaft along the axis; and the mechanical shaft has a plurality of convex portions and a peripheral surface including the concave portion arranged in the circumferential direction; The restricting member includes a contact portion that can contact the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, and the contact portion elastically energizes and contacts the convex portion of the outer peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, and is fitted to the outer periphery of the mechanical shaft. The concave portion of the surface limits the angle of rotation of the mechanical shaft. A rotary encoder comprising: a mechanical shaft that is rotatable about a shaft and movable along an axis; a restriction member that limits a rotation angle of the mechanical shaft; and an encoder mechanism that detects a rotation direction and rotation of the mechanical shaft And a switching mechanism that is pressed by the mechanical shaft by movement of the mechanical shaft along the shaft; and the mechanical shaft has a plurality of convex portions and outer peripheral surfaces including the concave portions arranged in the circumferential direction; the restricting member a contact portion that is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, and the contact portion is elastically energized to contact the convex portion on the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, and is fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft. Recessing the above The angle of rotation of the mechanical shaft. The rotary encoder according to claim 2, wherein the contact portion includes a first contact portion and a second contact portion; and when the first contact portion is in contact with a convex portion on a peripheral surface of the mechanical shaft, the The second contact portion is fitted into the concave portion on the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft, and the second contact portion is inserted into the concave portion of the outer circumferential surface of the mechanical shaft. The convex portion of the surface is in contact. The rotary encoder of claim 2 or 3, wherein the encoder mechanism comprises: an encoder substrate; a resistor pattern disposed on the encoder substrate; and an encoder terminal disposed on the encoder substrate and electrically The resistor is connected to the resistor pattern; the rotor is attached to the mechanical shaft so as to be rotatable together with the mechanical shaft; and the slider is attached to the rotor and is slidably coupled to the resistor pattern. The rotary encoder of claim 4, wherein the switch mechanism comprises: a switch substrate; two switch terminals, which are disposed on the switch substrate; and an electrical conductor electrically connected to the switch terminal of the one of the switches, and Pressed by the end of the mechanical shaft, and electrically connected to the other switch terminal, the switch terminal of the one of the switches is electrically connected to the switch terminal of the other. The rotary encoder of claim 5, wherein the encoder substrate and the switch substrate are integrated by the bent encoder terminal. A rotary encoder according to claim 5 or 6, comprising a housing that mounts the mechanical shaft about a shaft-centric rotation and movable along the shaft; and the housing includes the encoder substrate Encoder fixing part, and fixing The switch fixing portion of the switch substrate. A rotary encoder according to any one of claims 2 to 7, comprising a housing that mounts the mechanical shaft about a shaft-centric rotation and movable along the shaft; and the rotor includes the rotor a long diameter portion having a long diameter and a short diameter portion in which the outer diameter of the rotor is a short diameter; and the casing includes a fastening portion, wherein the fastening portion is separated from the short diameter portion without being buckled, and The long diameter portion can be buckled by the rotation of the rotor. A rotary encoder according to any one of claims 2 to 6, comprising a housing that mounts the mechanical shaft in such a manner as to be rotatable about the shaft and movable along the shaft.