TW201617713A - Structural color display - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are: a structural color display capable of preventing an image (especially the hue thereof) displayed using structural colors from changing depending on the observation angle of observers; and an image display object using same. This image display device (10) upon which images are displayed using structural colors comprises at least: an image display sheet (1) having a structural color expression area (R1) being an area in which structural colors are expressed; and an incident/reflected light limiting unit (2) arranged on the image display side of the structural color expression area (R1) and selectively transmitting incident light and reflected light, said incident light being incident, at a pre-set angle, to a surface (S1) in the structural color expression area (R1) positioned on the image display side and said reflected light being incident light that has been reflected by part of the structural color expression area (R1).

Description

Textured display

The present invention relates to a structured color display and an image display using the same.

In the technical area of the image display device, it is known that a structure is displayed by using a structural color. As such an image display device, for example, it is described in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2.

[Previous Technical Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2007-11112

[Patent Document 2] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2009-139800

A majority of the structural color display that displays an image through a structural color is a person who displays a desired image using visible light of a wavelength defined by Bragg's law. Therefore, for the structural color display of the prior art, The displayed image (especially its color) is subject to change through the observer's viewing angle. This point will be briefly explained while referring to FIG. However, after that, the "construction color display" will be referred to as "image display device".

Fig. 12 is a schematic view for explaining the problem of the conventional image display device. FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b) are diagrams schematically showing a state in which an image displayed by the image display device 20 of the related art is viewed at different angles from each other. As shown in FIGS. 12(a) and 12(b), when the observer's observation angle is different, the distance (that is, the optical path length) of the light in the image display panel 1 is different. Therefore, the wavelength of the disturbed light changes, and the color of the portrait displayed by the image display device 20 (that is, the wavelength of the reflected light) changes. However, in Fig. 12, "3a" indicates incident light, and "3b" indicates reflected light (structural color).

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a structured color display capable of preventing an image displayed by a structural color (especially its color) from being changed by an observer's observation angle, and using This portrait shows the object.

In order to solve the above problems, an aspect of the present invention provides a structure display device that displays a color image by displaying a color through a structural color, and is characterized in that at least an image display having a structural color display region having an area in which the structural color is displayed is provided. Board, and selectively set through In the display side of the image on the display color display region, the incident light that is incident at a predetermined angle with respect to the surface of the structural color display region on the display side of the image is compared with the incident light. The reflected light that is reflected in one of the aforementioned structural color display regions is incident on the reflected light restricting portion.

According to the structural color display according to one aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent a portrait displayed by the structural color from being changed by the observer's observation angle. However, the viewing angle in one aspect of the present invention refers to a concept in which the viewing angle of the viewing device is different from the "viewing angle of the liquid crystal display".

1‧‧‧Portrait display panel

1a~1c‧‧‧Structural color presentation layer

2‧‧‧Into the reflected light limiter

3a‧‧‧ incident light

3b‧‧‧Reflected light (constructive color)

4‧‧‧ plate thickness adjustment department

4a~4f‧‧‧ plate thickness adjustment department

5‧‧‧ pixel area frame (frame)

6‧‧‧ Plano-convex lens

7‧‧‧Microlens array

7a~7h‧‧‧microlens

8‧‧‧Microlens array

8a~8f‧‧‧microlens

9‧‧‧Light diffusing plate

10~18‧‧‧Portrait display device

20‧‧‧Portrait display device

30‧‧‧Structural color measuring device

31‧‧‧Light source device

311‧‧‧ box

312‧‧ ‧

32‧‧‧Color Luminance Meter

33‧‧‧Sliding parts

34‧‧‧Support desk

35‧‧‧Test piece setting table

36‧‧‧Particle-type swatches

37‧‧‧Multi-layer structural swatches

38‧‧‧ Directional signs

Α‧‧‧ observation angle

Angle of incidence of β‧‧‧ light source

L _N ‧‧‧ normal

P1‧‧‧Measurement position of chromaticity and brightness in the experimental example

P2‧‧‧ Determination of the chromaticity and brightness of the experimental example

P3‧‧‧Measurement position of chromaticity and brightness in the experimental example

P4‧‧‧Measurement position of chromaticity and brightness in the experimental example

D ₁ ‧‧‧ Thickness of the first layer of the multi-layer structural color material

D ₂ ‧‧‧ Thickness of the second layer of the multi-layer structural color material

n ₁ ‧‧‧Refractive index of the first layer of a multi-layer structure

n ₂ ‧‧‧Refractive index of the second layer of the multi-layer structure

λ _peak ‧‧‧reflectance becomes the largest wavelength

Θ‧‧‧ observation angle

Dc‧‧‧ the distance between the crystal faces of colloidal crystalline structural materials

Do‧‧‧Stimulation of responsive responsive crystalline crystals

Ds‧‧‧Stimulation of responsive responsive crystals

n _D ‧‧‧Refractive index of dispersed particles (dispersed phase) in colloidal crystal structure color material

n _M ‧‧‧Refractive index of the dispersion medium (continuous phase) of the colloidal crystal structure color material

R‧‧‧Red structural color

G‧‧‧Green structural color

B‧‧‧Blue structural color

R1‧‧‧Structural color display area

R1a~R1f‧‧‧Structural color display area

R2‧‧‧Into the reflected light transmission range

R2a~R2f‧‧‧Into the reflected light transmission range

S1‧‧‧ face (face on the image display side)

S2‧‧‧ face (back side)

D1~d2‧‧‧ plate thickness

Fig. 1 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining a display mechanism of a structural color of the image display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view for explaining a change in thickness of the image display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a view showing the image display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention; A conceptual cross-sectional view of the composition.

Fig. 6 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view for explaining the problem of the conventional image display device.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view showing the principle of the structural color display of colloidal crystals.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the principle of the structural color display of the multilayer structure.

Fig. 15 is a view showing an outline of a structural color measuring device.

Figure 16 is a graph showing the spectral distribution of a light source used in the construction color measurement.

Fig. 17 is a view showing measurement positions of the structural colors (chromaticity and luminance) of Experimental Examples 1 and 2.

Fig. 18 is a xy chromaticity diagram showing the trajectory of chromaticity change accompanying the change in the observation angle in Experimental Example 1.

Fig. 19 is a graph showing the dependence of the observation angle of the luminance of Experimental Example 1.

Fig. 20 is a xy chromaticity diagram showing the trajectory of chromaticity change accompanying the change in the observation angle in Experimental Example 2.

Fig. 21 is a graph showing the dependence of the observation angle of the brightness of Experimental Example 2.

Fig. 22 is a view showing the measurement position of the structural color (chromaticity and luminance) of Experimental Example 4.

Fig. 23 is a xy chromaticity diagram showing the trajectory of chromaticity change accompanying the change in the observation angle in Experimental Example 4.

Fig. 24 is a graph showing the dependence of the observation angle of the brightness of Experimental Example 4.

Fig. 25 is a view showing the measurement position of the structural color (chromaticity and luminance) of Experimental Example 5.

Fig. 26 is a xy chromaticity diagram showing the trajectory of chromaticity change accompanying the change in the observation angle in Experimental Example 5.

Fig. 27 is a graph showing the dependence of the observation angle of the luminance in Experimental Example 5.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, in each drawing, for the same composition Parts of the same function are attached with the same symbol.

[First Embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 10 according to the first embodiment will be described. Fig. 1 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an image display device 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the image display device 10 is an image display device that displays an image by a structural color, and includes an image display panel 1 having a structural color display region R1 that exhibits a range of structural colors, and selectively transmits The display side of the image on the display color display region R1 is provided on the display side surface S1 of the image, and the incident light incident at a predetermined angle and the incident light are in the structural color display region R1. A part of the reflected light that has been reflected enters the reflected light restricting unit 2 . Hereinafter, each member will be described.

(Portrait display board 1)

The image display panel 1 is a plate-like member that can exhibit a structural color. For the image display panel 1 , for example, a film or a sheet integrally formed by using a resin having a predetermined refractive index or a plate having two sheets disposed oppositely may be used, and the filling may have a predetermined refractive index. A layered body formed by any of a gas, a liquid, or a solid. Here, as a substance to be filled between the two sheets, for example, a voltage-responsive polymer gel in which the volume changes in accordance with the applied voltage is mentioned.

However, the image display panel 1 can be used to display a structural color, for example. For example, do not ask about its material or shape. In addition, the size is not asked. The image display panel 1 is, for example, a resin film having a layered structure, and electrophoresing a charged organic polymer or inorganic spherical particles, and regularly integrating them on a specific support surface. In the longitudinal and lateral structures, a metal structure having a nanostructure is provided on the surface, and the convex portion and the concave portion are used on the surface of the substrate, and the convex portion and the concave portion are embossed on the plurality of resin plates by a nanoimprint technique. The substrate of the resin sheet which is copied and bonded to the plurality of the above-mentioned replicated sheets, has a swelling of a responsive polymer gel or the like which is generated by a volume change in response to an electric field. Contracting body, and configured for expansion. a periodic structure in a contraction body, a display layer exhibiting a structural color, and a sphere and a matrix reflecting a reflection interface of light transmitted through the display layer, and a layered body of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are alternately laminated as a visible A fine structure of a fine structure having a periodic interval of an integral multiple of a half wavelength of the wavelength of light.

The image display panel 1 has a structural color display region R1 in which a part of the texture color is displayed (a range in which an image is displayed). The thickness of the image display panel 1 in which the color display region R1 is structured is spread over the entire structural color display region R1 and is slightly uniform.

However, the structural color display region R1 does not matter its size or shape.

Hereinafter, the structural color display region R1 will be described in more detail.

When the structural color display region R1 is formed of a structural color material having a function of exhibiting a structural color through the principle of interference of light, the material is not required. In this case, the structure of the structural color material may be a colloidal crystal structure in which the colloidal particles are dispersed in the medium, and (2) an inverse opal structure, which will be described later. (3) multilayer structure, (4) layered structure, and (5) any of film structures. The colloidal crystal structure of (1) is a polymer gel formed by dissolving a polymerization monomer and a crosslinking agent in a dispersion medium of colloidal particles. As the polymer gel, a gel (hydrogel) of a hydrophilic polymer can be preferably used. Further, the layered structure of (4) is formed by self-aggregation via a (polymer) surfactant in addition to a layered structure formed by microphase-separating the structure of the bulk polymer. Self-aggregating layered structure.

Furthermore, the above-described structural color material may also be a stimulus-responsive structural color material that has been described in response to external stimuli.

When the coloring material is used, it is selected in accordance with the formula (1) or the formula (3) of the structure of the structural color material, as will be described later.

As a stimulus responsive structural color material system, for example, can be optimally used by the response electric field, deformation (offset. stress), heat, electromagnetic waves (including visible light, ultraviolet rays, X-ray), moisture. Moisture, magnetic properties, pH changes, solvent contact, other stimuli, structural color materials composed of stimuli responsive materials whose volume or Bragg cycle changes.

(Into the reflected light limiting unit 2)

The incident light-restricting portion 2 is disposed on the surface S1 on the image display side of the structural color display region R1. The incident reflected light restricting portion 2 has an in-reflected light transmission range R2 (R2a to R2f), and the incident reflected light transmitting range R2 is a method of selectively transmitting incident light incident at a predetermined angle with respect to the surface S1. Among the incident light, the range of the reflected light reflected by a portion (for example, the surface S2) of the structural color display region R1 is reflected. For the map In addition, it is exemplified that the surface S1 is selectively incident at an angle of 80° or more and 90° or less (that is, 0° or more and 10° or less with respect to the normal to the surface S1). The incident light and the reflected light reflected at an angle within the range thereof are transmitted into the reflected light restricting portion 2 of the reflected light transmission range R2 (R2a to R2f).

For the incident-reflecting light restricting portion 2, for example, a sulphite having an arrangement that can transmit incident light incident in the thickness direction of the image display panel 1 and an optical fiber extending in the same direction can be used. A component that is fixed to at least one of a bundle of bundled optical fibers. In the case where at least one of the sodium borate and the bundled optical fiber is used as the reflected light restricting portion 2, for example, the surface S1 is selectively set to have a range of 80° or more and 90° or less. It is easy to transmit the incident light at the inner angle and the reflected light reflected at an angle within the range. Here, "sodium borate" means an ore generally called a TV stone, and a transparent fibrous crystal is an aggregate which is completely parallel arranged.

However, the in-reflecting light restricting portion 2 may be such that it can selectively transmit incident light and reflected light, for example, regardless of the material or shape. In addition, the size is not asked. Similarly, for the in-reflected light transmission range R2 (R2a to R2f), the number or shape is not required.

In addition, the "bundle fiber" refers to a configuration in which a plurality of optical fibers are bundled and bundled, and the shaft is cut in a vertical direction to form a plate. When the bundled fiber is placed on the paper surface, the text on the paper surface appears and is seen.

Thereafter, the reflected light restricting portion 2 is made of sodium borate, and is called The "sodium borate plate" is formed by a bundle of optical fibers and is referred to as a "beam-shaped fiber plate".

Further, as the bundle fiber, a push-type bundle fiber can also be used. If this push-type bundle fiber is used, the image exhibited by the structural color material can be enlarged.

<Structural color display mechanism>

First, a brief description of "structural color" is given.

The structural color is colored by interference of light caused by the fine periodic structure of the object. The beautiful hair color of insects such as the golden worm, or the opal of the gemstone, is composed of the structural color. In recent years, a fine-period structure having a sub-micro scale has been developed, and a material having a structural color (hereinafter referred to as a "structural color material") has been developed. The form of the above-described fine periodic structure is different, but as a representative structural system, there are known (1) a colloidal crystal structure (opal structure) in which colloidal particles are dispersed in a medium, (2) an inverse opal structure, and (3) a multilayer structure. , (4) layered structure. In any of the above structures (1) to (4), a periodic structure in which a high refractive index phase and a low refractive index phase are arranged in a specific cycle is characterized. Others, the (5) film structure represented by soap bubbles, also emits structural colors via interference of light due to multiple reflections.

Recently, development of a structural color material that variably controls the period of the above-described periodic structure by external stimulation is also continued. For example, as a stimulus, it is known that there is an electric field, deformation (offset stress), heat, moisture (moisture), magnetic properties, pH change, solvent contact, etc. (after that, the structural color of the structural color is changed by adding a stimulus) Stimulating responsive construct The case of color materials". Both of these are used, and the (prague) period or refractive index change of the periodic structure is utilized, and as a result, the property of the identified structural color change is obtained.

Next, a description will be given of a display mechanism of the structural color of the image display device 10 with reference to FIG.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view for explaining a display mechanism of the structural color of the image display device 10. 2, an image display panel 1 having a structural color display region R1 and an in-reflecting light restricting portion 2 disposed on the structural color display region R1 are shown. However, it is exemplarily illustrated in FIG. 2 that the incident incident light 3a is selectively incident on the surface S1 at an angle in the range of 80° or more and 90° or less (that is, the incident angle is 0° to 10°), And a single incident reflected light transmitted through the reflected light 3b reflected at an angle within the range thereof passes through the range R2 (R2a). That is, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of one of the image display devices 10.

First, light (for example, sunlight, etc.) is irradiated toward the image display panel 1 shown in Fig. 2 . At this time, the angle of the light incident on the structural color display region R1 via the reflected light transmission range R2 is limited to an angle in the range of 80° or more and 90° or less with respect to the surface S1. Here, the "angle in the range of 80° or more and 90° or less" is an angle set in advance in the first embodiment, and the angle can be arbitrarily selected. Further, part of the incident light 3a reaching the structural color display region R1 is reflected on the surface S1. Further, another part of the incident light 3a is reflected on the surface S2, for example. In this way, the reflected light 3b reflected on different faces (locations) exhibits a constructive color by causing interference with each other. The displayed structural color is transmitted through the reflected light transmission range R2 and observed (identified) by the observer.

As described above, the angle of the light (incident light 3a) incident on the structural color display region R1 and the angle of the light (reflected light 3b) reflected in the structural color display region R1 can be passed through the reflected light restricting portion 2 Restricted (fixed). Therefore, even if the observation angle of the observer changes, the length of the optical path in the image display panel 1 itself does not change, and the wavelength of the structural color exhibited does not change. According to the image display device 10 of the first embodiment, it is possible to prevent the image displayed by the structural color from being changed by the observer's observation angle.

<Viewing angle dependence of structural color in the case of colloidal crystal or inverse opal structure>

Next, the observation angle dependence of the structural color in the case of the colloidal crystal or the inverse opal structure will be described with reference to Fig. 13 .

The observation angle dependence of the structural color is quantitatively displayed based on the structural color display structure thereof, and is expressed quantitatively by the following equations (1) and (3). The relationship between the equations (1) and (3) is the same as the positional relationship between the observer and the structural color display, and is also applicable to the case where the position of the light source changes.

λ _peak =2d _C [n _eff ² -sin ² θ] ^1/2 (1)

Here, λ _peak : the reflectance becomes the largest wavelength

θ: viewing angle

d _C : distance between crystal faces

n _eff : effective refractive index.

In the above, n _eff is calculated by the following formula (2).

Here, n _M : refractive index of matrix (dispersion medium, continuous phase)

n _D : refractive index of colloidal particles (dispersed phase)

: The volume fraction of colloidal particles occupied by colloidal crystals.

<Observation angle dependence of structural color in the case of a multilayer structure or a layered structure>

Finally, the observation angle dependency of the structural color in the case of the multilayer structure or the layered structure will be described with reference to Fig. 14 .

λ _peak = 2[d ₁ (n ₁ ² -sin ² θ) ^1/2 +d ₂ (n ₂ ² -sin ² θ) ^1/2 ] (3)

Here, d ₁ : thickness of the first phase

d ₂ : thickness of the second phase

n ₁ : refractive index of the first phase

n ₂ : refractive index of the second phase.

In the formulas (1) and (3), the λ _peak system reflectance becomes the largest wavelength, and the hue according to the wavelength is observed (observed, identified). In any of the above formulas (1) and (3), the identified structural color depends on the observation angle (θ). In addition, this situation is the same for stimulating responsive structural materials.

<How to use>

In the image display device 10, the range in which the reflected light transmission range R2 overlaps with the structural color display region R1 functions as a pixel. Therefore, in the image display device 10, the pixels are arranged to display a predetermined image. Further, the image display device 10 is installed outside the room, for example. By this, the sun can be used as its light source. In this way, it is not necessary to display the power of the image, and it is possible to display an image in which the color or the like does not change by the observation angle of the observer.

However, in the case where an image is displayed using a plurality of structural colors, the thickness of the image display panel 1 within a predetermined range may not be changed. As a result, since the length of the optical path in the image display panel 1 is changed, the color of the structural color can be changed. In this way, the person who displays the portrait can be displayed using the structural color of the plural colors.

[Second Embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 11 according to the second embodiment will be described. Fig. 3 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the image display device 11 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the structure of the image display device 11 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 10 according to the first embodiment described above, but is provided with an adjustment in the structural color exhibition. The point of the thickness adjustment portion 4 of the thickness d1 of the image display panel 1 of the present region R1 is different from that of the image display device 10. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the thickness adjustment unit 4 will be mainly described, and the description of other constituent members will be omitted.

(thickness adjustment unit 4)

The plate thickness adjusting portion 4 is disposed at a position facing the reflected light control portion 2 in the sandwiched structure color display region R1. For the plate thickness adjusting portion 4, for example, a member including an electrode (not shown) that is in contact with the image display panel 1 can be used.

However, the thickness adjustment unit 4 may have a configuration in which the thickness d1 of the image display panel 1 in the color display region R1 can be adjusted, for example, regardless of the means. In addition, the size is not asked.

For example, the thickness adjustment portion 4 may be provided with a stimulus responsive structural color material. The stimulus added via the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 is, for example, an electric field, deformation (offset stress), heat, light, magnetic field, or the like. The thickness adjustment unit 4 can adjust the thickness d1 of the image display panel 1 in the structural color display region R1 via the above-described stimulation.

<Structural color change mechanism>

Hereinafter, a means (mechanism) for changing the color of the structural color using the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 including the electrode will be described with reference to FIG. 4. Fig. 4 is a schematic view for explaining a change in thickness of the image display device 11 according to the second embodiment. Fig. 4(a) shows that the thickness of the image display panel 1 is changed. The state before the formation (plate thickness d1), and FIG. 4(b) shows the state (plate thickness d2) after the plate thickness is changed. Further, the image display panel 1 shown in FIGS. 4(a) and 4(b) is a plate including a voltage responsive polymer gel which changes in volume in response to an applied voltage. However, as the electrode constituting the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 for electric field application, an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) electrode that does not interfere with the identification of the structural color can be used.

The electrode included in the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 is in contact with the image display panel 1. When a voltage is applied to the electrode, the volume of the voltage responsive polymer gel in the structural color display region R1 is generated in response to the applied voltage. Reduce or increase. As described above, the thickness of the image display panel 1 in the structural color display region R1 can be adjusted by reducing or increasing the volume of the voltage responsive polymer gel. Fig. 4(b) schematically shows how the volume of the voltage responsive polymer gel increases and the thickness of the plate increases in response to the applied voltage. However, when the applied voltage is released, the volume of the voltage responsive polymer gel is returned to the state before the voltage is applied, and the thickness is returned to the state shown in Fig. 4(a).

As described above, when the thickness of the image display panel 1 is changed, the length of the optical path in the image display panel 1 changes. By doing so, the color of the constructed color can be changed by changing the wavelength of the disturbed light.

[Third embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 12 according to the third embodiment will be described. Fig. 5 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the image display device 12 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, painting The structure of the image display device 12 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 10 according to the above-described first embodiment. However, the image display panel 1 is different from the image display device 10 in that it is a laminated structure. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the image display panel 1 having the laminated structure will be mainly described, and the description of the other constituent members will be omitted.

(Portrait display board 1)

The image display panel 1 provided in the image display device 12 is a multilayer structure in which the structural color display layers 1a to 1c of the structural color are stacked along the thickness direction of the image display panel 1. Further, the thicknesses of the respective layers of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c in the structural color display region R1 are the same. As described above, by using the image display panel 1 as a multilayer structure, the incident light can be reflected at the interface between the layers of the color rendering layers 1a to 1c. In the case where reflection is generated in a plurality of surface lights, since the wavelength range in which interference is possible is narrow, the monochromaticity of the structural color exhibited thereby can be improved.

The thickness of each of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c may be an integral multiple of the thickness of the reference layer when any one of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c is used as the reference layer. In this case, it is also possible to improve the monochromaticity of the displayed structural color. In the third embodiment, the reference layer is used as the structural color presentation layer 1a, and the thickness of each layer of the structural color presentation layers 1b, 1c is made twice as large as the thickness of the structural color presentation layer 1a.

Further, each of the layers of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c is formed of the same material. As a result, it is possible to reduce the increase in the manufacturing cost of the image display device 12.

However, the material or shape of each layer of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c is not required. In addition, the size is not asked.

[Fourth embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 13 according to the fourth embodiment will be described. Fig. 6 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the image display device 13 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the structure of the image display device 13 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 11 according to the second embodiment described above, but is disposed between the image display panel 1 and the incident-reflecting light regulating portion 2. The dot of the pixel region (hereinafter, simply referred to as "frame") 5 in the pixel range is different from the image display device 11. Further, the point at which the plurality of plate thickness adjusting portions 4 (4a to 4f) are provided is different from that of the image display device 11. Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the frame 5 and the plate thickness adjusting portions 4a to 4f will be mainly described, and the description of the other constituent members will be omitted. However, the texture color display region R1 (R1a to R1f) is not counted.

(frame 5)

The frame 5 shown in Fig. 6 is a plate-like member that is disposed between the image display panel 1 and the reflected light restricting portion 2 and absorbs visible light. The housing 5 is provided with an opening that exposes each of the structural color display regions R1a to R1f and separates the pixel range.

However, the housing 5 may have an opening portion having a range of pixels, for example, regardless of the material or shape. In addition, the size is not asked. E.g, The frame 5 may be formed of an electrically insulating insulating film, or may be formed of a material (a cushioning material or the like) having elasticity or the like. Further, the frame 5 is disposed as necessary, and is not essential to the invention of the present application. Further, the number of the openings and the openings provided in the casing 5 is not limited. In addition, the color of the frame 5 is, for example, black in order to clarify the range of the pixels.

(thickness adjustment sections 4a to 4f)

As shown in FIG. 4, the image display device 11 of the second embodiment adjusts the thickness of the structural color display region R1 by one thickness adjustment portion 4. On the other hand, in the image display device 13 of the fourth embodiment, the thickness of the plurality of structural color display regions R1a to R1f is adjusted by the plurality of plate thickness adjusting portions 4a to 4f. More specifically, the plate thickness adjusting portions 4a to 4f provided in the image display device 13 are arranged to overlap the structural color display regions R1a to R1f. In this way, the thickness of the panel can be adjusted for each pixel. As shown in FIG. 6, for example, a red structural color R, a green structural color G, and a blue structural color B can be displayed on each pixel. Therefore, it is possible to display a portrait with a high resolution. Further, as the above-described constituent, the red structural color R, the green structural color G, the blue structural color B, or the intermediate color can be freely displayed by one pixel.

However, the thickness adjustment unit 4 provided in the image display device 11 and the thickness adjustment portions 4a to 4f provided in the image display device 13 are different in position and size, but the functions themselves are the same.

[Fifth Embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 14 according to the fifth embodiment will be described. Fig. 7 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the image display device 14 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 7, the structure of the image display device 14 is the same as that of the image display device 13 according to the fourth embodiment, except that the frame 5 is placed in the image display panel 1. Therefore, the details of the configuration of the image display device 14 are omitted here. However, in the image display device 14, the plano-convex lens 6, the microlens arrays 7, and 8 which will be described later may be disposed on the reflected light restricting portion 2.

[Sixth embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 15 according to the sixth embodiment will be described. Fig. 8 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the image display device 15 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the structure of the image display device 15 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 13 according to the above-described fourth embodiment, but the specular lens 6 for widening the viewing angle is provided in the reflected light restricting portion 2. The point is different from the image display device 13. Therefore, in the sixth embodiment, the plano-convex lens 6 will be mainly described, and the description of other constituent members will be omitted.

(flat convex lens 6)

The plano-convex lens 6 expands the opening angle of the incident light to diffuse the reflected light. And in order to enlarge the lens of the field of view. The plano-convex lens 6 is a lens having a plane and a convex surface positioned on the back side of the plane, and is disposed so as to be covered on the image display side of the reflected light restricting portion 2. Further, in a state in which the plano-convex lens 6 is disposed, the plane thereof faces the side of the reflected light restricting portion 2 . By doing so, the observer can observe the displayed portrait at a wider angle.

However, the plano-convex lens 6 may be such that the opening angle of the incident light can be enlarged, and the reflected light is diffused to increase the viewing angle. For example, the material or shape of the plano-convex lens 6 is not required. In addition, the size is not asked.

[Seventh embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 16 according to the seventh embodiment will be described. Fig. 9 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device 16 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 9, the structure of the image display device 16 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 15 according to the sixth embodiment described above, but the reflected light limiting portion 2 is provided with a microlens array 7 for increasing the viewing angle. The point is different from the image display device 15. Therefore, in the seventh embodiment, the microlens array 7 will be mainly described, and the description of other constituent members will be omitted.

(microlens array 7)

Similarly to the above-described plano-convex lens 6, the microlens array 7 enlarges the opening angle of the incident light and diffuses the reflected light to form a large viewing angle. to make. The microlens array 7 is composed of a plurality of microlenses 7a to 7h, and the microlenses 7a to 7h are plano-convex lenses having a plane and a convex surface positioned on the back side of the plane. Further, the microlens array 7 is disposed so as to be placed on the image display side of the reflected light restricting portion 2, and in a state in which the microlens array 7 is disposed, the planes of the microlenses 7a to 7h are directed toward the reflected light restricting portion 2 side. . By doing so, the observer can observe the portrait at a wider angle.

However, the microlens array 7 may be such that the angle of the opening of the incident light can be enlarged, and the reflected light can be diffused to increase the viewing angle. For example, the material or shape of the microlenses 7a to 7h is not required. In addition, the size or number is not asked. That is, the sizes of the microlenses 7a to 7h do not necessarily coincide with the size of the pixel range (that is, the size of the opening of the frame 5 and the size of the structural color display regions R1a to R1f).

[Eighth Embodiment]

Hereinafter, the configuration of the image display device 17 according to the eighth embodiment will be described. Fig. 10 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device 17 according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 10, the structure of the image display device 17 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 16 according to the seventh embodiment described above, but the reflected light limiting portion 2 is provided with a microlens array 8 for increasing the viewing angle. The point is different from the image display device 16. Therefore, in the eighth embodiment, the microlens array 8 will be mainly described, and the description of other constituent members will be omitted.

(Microlens array 8)

The microlens array 8 is similar to the microlens array 7 described in the seventh embodiment in order to increase the viewing angle. The microlens array 8 is composed of a plurality of microlenses 8a to 8f, and the microlenses 8a to 8f are plano-convex lenses having a plane and a convex surface positioned on the back side of the plane. Further, the microlens array 8 is disposed so as to be placed on the image display side of the reflected light restricting portion 2, and in a state in which the microlens array 8 is disposed, the planes of the microlenses 8a to 8f are directed toward the reflected light restricting portion 2 side. . Further, the diameters of the microlenses 8a to 8f coincide with the size of the pixel range (that is, the size of the opening of the frame 5 and the size of the structural color display regions R1a to R1f). More specifically, the incident light-restricting portion 2 of the eighth embodiment includes a bundled optical fiber in which a fiber extending in the thickness direction of the image display panel 1 is fixed in a bundle shape. Further, microlenses 8a to 8f are disposed on the opening end faces of the optical fibers. Further, the diameters of the microlenses 8a to 8f are the same as the diameters of the opening end faces of the optical fibers. In other words, the diameter and the pitch of the open end faces of the microlens-based fibers are in accordance with each other. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the resolution of the displayed image from being lowered, and the observer can observe the portrait at a wide angle.

However, the microlens array 8 may expand the angle of incidence by expanding the angle of incidence of the incident light, for example, regardless of the material or shape of the microlenses 8a to 8f.

[Ninth Embodiment]

Hereinafter, the image display device 18 of the ninth embodiment is used. The composition is explained. Fig. 11 is a conceptual cross-sectional view showing the configuration of an image display device 18 according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 11, the structure of the image display device 18 is slightly the same as that of the image display device 15 according to the sixth embodiment described above, but the reflection light constricting portion 2 is provided with an opening angle for enlarging incident light to cause reflection. The point of the light-diffusing light-scattering plate 9 is different from that of the image display device 15. Therefore, in the ninth embodiment, the light-scattering plate 9 will be mainly described, and the description of the other constituent members will be omitted.

(light scattering plate 9)

The light-scattering plate 9 is a plate-shaped member that expands the opening angle of the incident light and diffuses the reflected light to expand the viewing angle. Further, the light-scattering plate 9 is disposed so as to be covered on the image display side of the reflected light restricting portion 2. By doing so, the observer can observe the portrait at a wider angle.

However, the light-scattering plate 9 may be such that the opening angle of the incident light can be enlarged, and the reflected light can be diffused to increase the viewing angle. For example, the material or shape is not required. In addition, the size is not asked.

Further, the light-scattering plate 9 is not limited to a configuration for diffusing reflected light as described above. For example, the light-scattering plate 9 may have a function of simultaneously diffusing incident light and reflected light. In this case, it is preferable that the light-scattering plate 9 has a moderate diffusibility and a high light transmittance. For the case of excessively diffused light, the brightness of the identifiable structural color decreases. As a material of the light-scattering plate 9 which has a function of diffusing into the reflected light, a glass plate (ground glass) having a surface as a roughening, a light-scattering film, and light scattering are mentioned. Plate, translucent film, tracing paper, translucent paper, paraffin paper, etc.

(effect)

(1) The image display devices 10 to 18 are provided with at least the image display panel 1 having the structural color display region R1, and the image display side selectively provided on the structural color display region R1, and the surface on the image display side. In S1, the incident light 3a incident at a predetermined angle and the reflected light 3b reflected by a portion of the structural color display region R1 are incident on the reflected light restricting portion 2 of the incident light 3a.

In such a configuration, the incident angle of the incident light 3a and the reflected angle of the reflected light 3b can be set to a predetermined angle. Therefore, even in the case where the observer's observation angle is different, the optical path length in the portrait display panel 1 does not change, and the wavelength of the interfered light does not change. Thereby, it is possible to prevent a change in the structural color displayed on the image display devices 10 to 18.

Further, in such a configuration, if the light source of the incident light 3a is used as sunlight, it is not necessary to display electric power of the image.

Further, in the structured color display according to one aspect of the present invention, even if the position of the light source, that is, the incident angle of the light changes, it is possible to prevent the image displayed by the structural color from being changed.

Further, as for the structural color display according to one aspect of the present invention, for example, even if the incident light is multi-reflected, that is, a part of the incident light is reflected by the external wall or the like. It is forbidden to prevent the brightness of the image displayed by the structural color from being uneven.

(2) The incident light indicating unit 2 of the image display devices 10 to 18 selectively transmits the incident light 3a incident on the surface S1 at an angle of 80° or more and 90° or less, and at an angle thereof. The reflected light 3b is reflected at an angle within the range.

According to this configuration, it is possible to observe the image from the vertical direction in the surface S1, and it is possible to improve the visibility of the displayed image. In addition, prying (private view protection) can be prevented because the viewing angle can be narrowed.

(3) The reflected light restricting portion 2 of the image display devices 10 to 18 is provided with sodium borate that can be transmitted through the incident light 3a incident in the thickness direction of the image display panel 1, and along the image display panel The optical fiber extending in the thickness direction of 1 is fixed to at least one of a bundle of bundled optical fibers.

Both sodium borate and bundled fiber optics are relatively easy to obtain. Accordingly, with such a configuration, the manufacturing cost of the reflected light restricting portion 2 can be reduced. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire image display device.

(4) The image display device 11 is provided with a thickness adjustment portion 4 for adjusting the thickness of the image display panel 1 in the structural color display region R1 at a position facing the reflected light restriction portion 2 while sandwiching the structural color display region R1. .

According to this configuration, since the thickness of the image display panel 1 in the structural color display region R1 can be freely adjusted, the color of the displayed structural color can be varied.

(5) The thickness adjustment unit 4 of the image display device 11 includes an electrode that is in contact with the image display panel 1. The image display panel 1 is formed by a voltage-responsive polymer gel that changes in volume in response to a voltage. another Further, the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 includes a heating portion that can heat the image display panel 1, and the image display panel 1 is formed of a heat-responsive polymer gel that changes in volume in response to heat. Further, the thickness adjustment unit 4 includes a light irradiation unit that can be irradiated onto the image display panel 1 , and the image display panel 1 is formed of a light-responsive polymer gel that changes in volume in response to light.

According to this configuration, when the voltage is applied to the electrode included in the thickness adjustment portion 4, the thickness d1 of the image display panel 1 can be freely adjusted. Along with this, the color of the displayed structural color can be varied, and the speed at which the color of the structural color can be changed (response speed) can be improved. However, the same effects as those of the image display panel 1 can be obtained by heating or light irradiation.

(6) The image display panel 1 of the image display device 12 is a multilayer structure in which the structural color display layers 1a to 1c of the structural color are stacked along the thickness direction of the image display panel 1 in the structural color display region R1. The thickness of each layer of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c is an integral multiple of the thickness of the reference layer in the case where any one of the laminated structural color display layers 1a to 1c is used as a reference layer.

With such a configuration, it is possible to improve the structural color of the monochromatic character.

(7) The respective layers of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c of the image display device 12 are all formed of the same material.

According to this configuration, it is possible to improve the structural color of the monochromaticity at a low cost.

(8) The image display device 15 is further provided to be placed on the image display side covered with the reflected light restricting portion 2, and has a plane and a position The plano-convex lens 6 having a convex surface on the back side of the plane, and the plane of the plano-convex lens 6 is directed toward the side of the reflected light restricting portion 2.

According to this configuration, since the incident light 3a and the reflected light 3b can be easily scattered, the viewing angle can be easily increased.

(9) The image display device 16 includes a microlens array 7 composed of a plurality of microlenses 7a to 7h.

According to this configuration, since the incident light 3a and the reflected light 3b can be surely scattered, the viewing angle can be more surely increased.

(10) The incident light-restricting portion 2 of the image display device 17 includes a bundle-shaped optical fiber in which an optical fiber extending in the thickness direction of the image display panel 1 is fixed in a bundle shape, and is disposed on each of the opening end faces of the optical fiber. There are microlenses 8a to 8f, and the diameters of the microlenses 8a to 8f are the same as the diameters of the opening end faces of the above-mentioned optical fibers.

According to this configuration, since the incident light 3a and the reflected light 3b can be easily scattered, the viewing angle can be further increased.

(11) The image display device 18 further includes a light-scattering plate 9 that is disposed to be placed on the image display side of the reflected light restricting portion 2 and that scatters the incident light 3a and the reflected light 3b.

According to this configuration, since the incident light 3a and the reflected light 3b can be easily scattered, the viewing angle can be easily increased.

(Modification)

(1) In the above embodiment, the in-reflecting light restricting portion 2 having a plurality of in-reflected light transmission ranges R2a to R2f has been described, but The invention is not limited thereto. For example, the incident reflected light restricting unit 2 may have a single in-reflected light transmission range R2. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

(2) In the above embodiment, the incident reflected light restricting portion 2 has been described as being distant from the reflected light transmission range R2 (R2a to R2f), but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the in-reflected light transmission range R2 (R2a to R2f) may be adjacent to each other. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

(3) In the above embodiment, the thickness adjustment portion 4 (4a to 4f) including the electrode that is in contact with the image display panel 1 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The plate thickness adjusting portion 4 (4a to 4f) may be such that the thickness of the structural color display region R1 (R1a to R1f) can be changed. For example, the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 (4a to 4f) is provided with a pump or the like, and the structural color display region R1 (R1a to R1f) is pressurized by the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 (4a to 4f). The pressure is reduced in the thickness direction to change the thickness of the structural color display region R1 (R1a to R1f). In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

Further, the plate thickness adjusting portion 4 (4a to 4f) may be, for example, a light irradiation device that can illuminate light or a heating device that adds heat. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained. Here, in the case where the thickness adjustment portion 4 (4a to 4f) is used as the light irradiation device, the image display panel 1 is preferably formed of, for example, a light-responsive polymer gel. Here, in the case where the thickness adjustment portion 4 (4a to 4f) is used as the heating device, the image display panel 1 is preferably formed of, for example, a temperature-responsive polymer gel.

In addition, the thickness adjustment unit 4 (4a to 4f) is also an image display panel. 1, for example, giving bending. Stretching. A device that compresses deformations, etc.

(4) In the above embodiment, the image display panel 1 having three layers of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the image display panel may be a multilayer structure, and the structural color presentation layer may be a two-layer laminate structure, and the structural color display layer may be a laminate having four or more layers. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

(5) In the above embodiment, the case where the reference layer is used as the structural color presentation layer 1a has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the reference layer may be used as the structural color display layer 1b, or may be used as the structural color display layer 1c. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

(6) In the above embodiment, the case where the layers of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c are formed of the same material has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, each of the layers of the structural color display layers 1a to 1c may be formed of different materials. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

(7) In the above embodiment, the case where the plano-convex lens 6 and the microlens arrays 7 and 8 are used for expanding the viewing angle of the displayed image has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In order to enlarge the viewing angle of the displayed image, a lens other than the plano-convex lens or a microlens array may be used. In this case, the above effects can also be obtained.

(8) In the above embodiment, the image has been embedded in the image. The case where the display panel 1 and the incident-reflecting light restricting portion 2 are provided or the housing 5 is provided in the image display panel 1 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Even if the housing 5 is not provided, the above effects can be obtained. In addition, if the frame 5 is not provided, the structural color display regions R1a to R1f can be enlarged.

9) In the above embodiment, the image display device for displaying an image by the structural color has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the image display device described in the above embodiment may be incorporated in an image display medium, and these may be displayed as an image. More specifically, the image display device described in the above embodiment can be incorporated into a paper, and can be made into a poster or a calendar.

(10) In the above embodiment, the incident-reflecting light restricting portion 2 has been described, for example, in the case of using sodium borate or a bundled optical fiber, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, instead of the above-described sodium borate or bundle fiber, as the incident-reflecting light restricting portion 2, a glass plate (ground glass) having a surface as a roughening, a light-scattering film, a light-scattering plate, and a translucent film are used. , tracing paper, translucent paper, paraffin paper, etc. The above effects can also be obtained in the case of using such materials.

Further, as the incident-reflecting light restricting portion 2, a Fresnel lens sheet may be used instead of the above-described sodium borate or bundled optical fiber. The above effects can also be obtained in the case of using this lens.

(Other variants)

In the following, a display other than the display of the above modification is described. Construction. However, the subject matter of the present application can be solved even in the following display.

. Modification A

A structured color display is a display for displaying an image via a structural color, wherein the display includes an image display panel that displays an image via a structural color, and the image display panel includes a structural color display region and is disposed on The in-reflecting light restricting portion on the display side of the aforementioned image of the aforementioned color display region.

. Modification B

A structured color display in which the incident reflected light restricting portion is a light that is incident through a predetermined range of incident angles as a surface that selectively transmits the surface of the structural color display region, and the incident light The reflected light that is reflected by one of the aforementioned structural color display regions is incident on the reflected light restricting portion.

. Modification C

A structured color display in which the in-reflecting light restricting portion is composed of a bundled optical fiber or sodium borate.

. Modification D

A structured color display in which the in-reflecting light restricting portion is a bundled optical fiber, and the bundled optical fiber is used as a push-type bundle optical fiber.

. Modification E

A structural color display in which the structural color display region is formed into any one of a colloidal crystal structure, an inverse opal structure, a multilayer structure, and a layered structure.

. Modification F

A structural color display in which the aforementioned structural color display region is formed as a Bragg cycle according to a multilayer structure, and each layer is formed of the same material.

. Modification G

A structured color display device, wherein the image display panel is provided at a position facing the in-reflecting light restricting portion while sandwiching the structural color display region, or sandwiching the structural color display region in the structural color Any of the electric field, light, deformation (offset, stress), heat, or magnetism added to the stimulation color providing region by the stimulation coloring region, and the display region plus the stimulus coloring region. A stimulus that is constitutively responsive to the structural color of the Bragg cycle.

. Modification H

A structured color display device in which the planoscopic display plate is further provided with a plano-convex lens having a convex surface having a flat surface and a rear surface side of the flat surface, and the plano-convex lens faces the in-reflecting light restricting portion side in a plane And the convex surface faces the image display side (identification side) The ground is placed on the display side of the image.

. Modification I

A structured color display in which the plano-convex lens is formed as a microlens array composed of a plurality of microlenses.

. Modification J

A structured color display in which the in-reflecting light restricting portion is formed by a bundle of optical fibers, and a diameter of a microlens constituting the microlens array is the same as a diameter of an optical fiber constituting the bundled optical fiber, and is for the optical fiber The microlenses are disposed on the end faces of the openings.

. Modification K

A structured color display in which a light-scattering plate that diffuses the reflected light and the reflected light is further provided on the display side of the image on which the reflected light-receiving portion is covered.

. Modification L

An image display device including a structural color display according to any of Modifications A to K.

<Experimental example>

Hereinafter, an experimental example is shown.

<Overview of structural color measuring device>

Fig. 15 is a schematic view showing an empirical structural color measuring device 30 used in the effect of the present invention. The main part of the apparatus is constituted by a light source device 31, a color luminance meter 32, a slider 33 for adjusting the light receiving angle (observation angle α) of the color luminance meter 32, a test piece setting table 35, and a support table 34. The upper surface of the support table 34 is kept horizontal, and the slider 33 is placed vertically for the upper surface of the support table 34. The outer periphery of the slider 33 has a semi-arc shape, and the color luminance meter 32 is along the slider 33, and the observation angle α for the center of the test piece setting table 35 can be changed in the range of 0° to about 40°. The light source device 31 includes the center of the test piece setting table 35 and has a vertical upper surface with respect to the slider 33. For the center of the test piece setting table 35, the incident angle (β) is set to 25°.

A direction indication mark 38 is provided for the test piece setting table 35. The direction indicator mark 38 indicates the direction in which the test piece setting table 35 of the structural color measuring device 30 is placed. In each measurement, the test piece is placed on the test piece setting table 35 with the direction indicator mark 38, so that the direction of the light source device 31 for the measurement object can be accurately grasped, and the color luminance meter 32 directions of the direction of movement.

<Light source device 31>

In FIG. 15, the light source device 31 includes a case 311 and a tube 312 whose inner surface is black, and a high-color fluorescent tube (not shown) is housed in the case 311. Among the light emitted from the fluorescent tube, the light that has passed through the tube 312, that is, the light that is slightly parallel to the axis of the tube 312, is transmitted to the measurement object.

The spectral distribution of light emitted from the barrel 312 of the light source device 31 from the front side via a spectroradiometer is shown in FIG. The spectroradiometer is a spectroradiometer (CS-2000A) manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd., Japan.

The specifications of the fluorescent tube used by the light source device 31 are as follows.

Manufacturer: Japan Mitsubishi Electric Lighting Co., Ltd.

Name: High-performance color rendering AAA 昼 white fluorescent tube

Type: FL20S. N-EDL. NU

Color temperature: 5000K (provided by the manufacturer)

Color Evaluation Number (Ra): 99 (manufacturer provides the board value)

<Color Brightness Meter 32>

The chromaticity (x, y) and the brightness (Lv) were measured using a two-dimensional color luminance meter (CA-2500) manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd., Japan. In each experiment, the values of the chromaticity and the brightness of the surface of the measurement object were obtained by the color luminance meter 32, but these were measured by the color luminance meter 32 in a quadrangular shape in each measurement scene. The measurement area is set at a desired position on the image of the surface of the object, and the average value of the chromaticity and the average value of the brightness are obtained in the area.

<Comparative standard gray swatch>

As a "standard gray swatch for comparison", an 18% standard reflector made of NIKON Co., Ltd., Japan was used. This system also measures the chromaticity or brightness of the standard reflector together with the measured object. In order to judge the value obtained from this, The person who measured it correctly.

<Particle type swatch 36>

In several experimental examples, a plate-shaped test piece (= elastic plate) formed of the following structural color materials was used.

The test piece was obtained by uniformly dispersing a monodisperse glass microparticle having a refractive index of 1.45 (particle diameter: 0.18 μm) in a soft plate in an elastomer phase having a refractive index of 1.50, laminated and fixed on a black rubber-like base plate, and cutting it to a thickness of about 2 mm. A rectangular elastic plate having a longitudinal length of about 30 mm and a transverse length of about 20 mm.

This elastic plate is a structural color material in which the hue changes depending on the viewing angle.

Thereafter, the elastic plate of the structural color will be referred to as a particle type swatch 36.

<Multilayer type swatch 37>

Further, in the present experiment, in order to further investigate the effect of the reflected light restricting portion 2, the following multi-layer structural color plate 37 was used.

This multi-layer structure color plate 37 is produced by using a commercially available grooved filter as described below. The specifications of the grooved filter to be applied are as follows.

Name: Grooved filter

Model: NF-25C05-47-633

Manufacturer, Japan SIGMA KOKI (shares)

Characteristics: cut-off wavelength 633nm, transmission 帯 wavelength 475~597nm And 669~850nm, the transmittance is 90%.

At this time, when the groove filter is only positively reflected, light of a wavelength corresponding to the incident angle of the light is transmitted through other light systems. In this case, the groove filter has a multilayer structure in which two types of fine particles having different refractive indices are alternately laminated, and has a property of not transmitting light of a specific wavelength range. Specifically, the grooved filter has a transmission band wavelength of 475 to 597 nm and 669 to 850 nm in a front view (incident angle of 0°). Therefore, in the front view, light having a wavelength of 600 to 668 nm (red) has a property of being transmitted through the front side without being transmitted.

A multilayer structure swatch 37 was produced by applying black coating to one side of the above-described grooved filter. The back side of the grooved filter was black-coated, and was absorbed in black to absorb light having a wavelength of the transmission band (475 to 597 nm and a range of 669 to 850 nm). As described above, the multi-layer structure color plate 37 is such that the light of the wavelength of the incident angle of the light is positively reflected, and the light is absorbed by the black paint.

In the following Experimental Examples 1 to 4, the following plates were used as the specific configuration of the reflected light restricting portion 2.

<into the reflected light limit plate>

. Beam-shaped fiber optic plate OP1 (hereinafter also referred to as OP1): thickness about 11mm

. Sodium borate stone board OP2 (hereinafter, also referred to as OP2): thickness about 7mm

. Bundle fiber optic plate OP3 (hereinafter, also referred to as high performance board OP3 ()): thickness of about 3mm

Both are on the surface of the board, with a fiber axis or a crystal axis in the vertical direction. However, the "high performance" of the high performance board OP3 means that the performance is higher than that of the OP1. More specifically, the above high performance means that the alignment is higher than that of OP1, and the transmittance of light is high.

Further, in Experimental Example 5, as the specific configuration of the reflected light restricting portion 2, the following light diffusing plate DP1 was used.

<Light diffusing plate DP1>

The following translucent film was used as the light diffusion plate DP1.

. Translucent film: (Japan 3M adhesive tape, transparent (SCOTCH) tape, "SCOTCH" is a registered trademark of 3M)

[Experimental Example 1]

The following experiment was carried out via the combination of the particle-type coloring plate 36 and the bundled optical fiber OP1. Hereinafter, description will be made simultaneously with reference to Fig. 15 and Fig. 17 .

The above-described structural color measuring device 30 is disposed in the dark room, and the particle-type structural color plate 36 is fixed to the test piece setting table 35 disposed on the structural color measuring device 30. Further, OP1 is placed on a part of the upper surface of the particle-type coloring plate 36. Next, at the position of the measurement position P1, the "standard gray swatch for comparison" is attached, and the other plate is attached to the position of the measurement position P2 in the same manner as the particle structure swatch 36.

After the above preparation, the light source device 31 is placed toward the test piece mounting table 35 to illuminate the surface of the "standard gray swatch for comparison". (measurement position P1), the surface of the particle-type structural color plate 36 (measurement position P3), the small-sized surface (measurement position P2) of the particle-type structural color plate placed on the OP1, and the color swatch 36 through the particle type transmitted through OP1 The chromaticity and brightness of each position of the OP1 surface (measurement position P4) of the reflected light are measured by setting the observation angle α of the color luminance meter 32 to 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 degrees.

The results are shown in Table 1. According to Table 1, the trajectory of the change in chromaticity is shown in Fig. 18 as the xy chromaticity diagram with the change of the observation angle α, and the change in luminance is shown in Fig. 19.

First, when the chromaticity and brightness of the "standard gray swatch for comparison" (measurement position P1) are regarded, these values are hardly changed, and the case where the experiment is correctly performed is shown.

Next, as shown in Fig. 18, when the chromaticity (measurement position P2, P3) of the surface of the particle type swatch 36 is observed, it is understood that the observation angle α is highly dependent, and α is impatient regardless of the 10°. The chromaticity of the ground changes, and the "red" is lost to 30 degrees.

On the other hand, the chromaticity of the OP1 surface (measurement position P4) of the reflected light of the particle-type structural color plate 36 reflected by the beam-shaped optical fiber plate OP1 suppresses the observation angle dependency, α to 30°. Maintain red.

From the above, it has been found that the effect of suppressing the viewing angle dependence of the chromaticity of the structural color via the bundled optical fiber plate OP1.

When the brightness (Fig. 19) is described, the brightness of the surface of the particle-type structural color plate 36 at the measurement positions P2 and P3 is the observation angle α. When the temperature exceeds 10°, the brightness of the OP1 surface (measurement position P4) of the reflected light passing through the particle-type structural color plate 36 of the beam-shaped optical fiber plate OP1 is a peak angle of observation of 20° to an observation angle of 40°. Maintain a high value until then.

This also has the effect of the bundled fiber optic plate OP1.

However, in any of the observation angles α of the experimental examples, the chromaticity of the surface of the particle-type structural color plate 36 depends on the observation angle of the brightness, and is hardly affected by the difference between the measurement positions P2 and P3. From this point of view, the effect of suppressing the observation angle dependence of the structural color of the bundled fiber plate OP1 is known as the difference (P3 to P4) that does not pass the measurement position.

[Experimental Example 2]

Hereinafter, an experiment of combining the particle-type structural color plate 36 and the sodium borate stone plate OP2 was performed.

In Experimental Example 1, a structural color measurement test was carried out in the same manner as in the case of using the sodium borate plate OP2 instead of the bundled fiber plate OP1.

The results are shown in Table 2, Figure 20, and Figure 21. In the same manner as in Experimental Example 1, it was found that the plated effect of the structural color was improved by the sodium borate plate OP2, and the brightness was maintained at a high value.

[Experimental Example 3]

The following experiment was carried out on the particle-type structural color plate 36 by placing the bundled fiber-optic panel OP1 and the high-performance board OP3 adjacent to each other to compare the characteristics of the two. The comparison is via visual inspection.

In Experimental Example 1, the particle type structural color plate 36 was placed adjacent to the OP1 and the high performance plate OP3. At this time, the light source device 31 was held at the position of Experimental Example 1, and was observed by the naked eye instead of the color luminance meter 32, and the observation angle dependence of the structural color of the test piece which can be seen by OP1 and OP3 was observed. The position of the naked eye was slightly the same as that of the color luminance meter 32 of Experimental Example 1.

As a result, when the observation angle α becomes 30°, in the case of the bundled optical fiber plate OP1, the chroma of the red color of the structural color becomes low (gradually dimmed), and the case of the high performance board OP3 is high in recognizable chroma. Red.

[Experimental Example 4]

The following experiment was carried out via a combination of the multilayer structure color plate 37 and the bundled optical fiber OP1. That is, in Experimental Example 1, the test piece was replaced with the multi-layer structural color plate 37 from the particle-type structural color plate 36, and the other structures were measured in the same manner. However, the measurement position is as shown in FIG.

The results are shown in Table 3, Figure 23, and Figure 24.

Here, the multi-layer structural color plate 37 used in the present experiment has characteristics other than regular reflection which does not reflect light. That is, the angle of incidence of light from the light source means 31 for the surface of the multi-layer type color swatch 37, and the reflection on the surface of the multi-layer type swatch 37 are observed by the color luminance meter 32. As long as the angles of the light (reflection angle) are not equal, the surface of the multi-layered structural swatch 37 is considered to be extremely low in brightness.

Accordingly, the light source device 31 of the structural color measuring device 30 of the present experiment, the color luminance meter 32, and the positional relationship of the test piece setting table 35 are known. In the present experiment, the light that is irradiated through the light source device 31 is The surface of the multi-layered structural color plate 37 is reflected and subjected to regular reflection without being caught by the color luminance meter 32 (see Fig. 30). Therefore, the surface of the multi-layered structural swatch 37 often exhibits extremely low brightness (measurement position P3).

On the other hand, in the present experimental example, the condition of the regular reflection cannot be absolutely satisfied, and the upper side of the bundled optical fiber plate OP1 (measurement position P4) can often see high luminance and clear red.

That is, even if the multi-layered structural swatch 37 having an extremely narrow identifiable angle range of reflected light is disposed above the bundled optical fiber plate OP1, the position of the light source and the position of the observer are for the multi-layer swatch The surface of the 37 has no effect on the positional relationship of the regular reflection, and the effect of recognizing the structural color of the multi-layer structure color plate 37 is also produced.

The above effects mean that the structural color display of the present invention is caused by the position of the observer and the light source (or the angle of the light source). The limitation of the setting is small, and the degree of freedom of design is high, and the practical value of the structural color display of the present invention is greatly improved.

Further, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, the bundled fiber-optic panel OP1 has an effect of suppressing the observation angle dependency in the multi-layered structural color plate 37 having a narrow range of the recognizable angle of the reflected light.

[Experimental Example 5]

The following experiment was carried out via a combination of the multilayer structure color plate 37 and the light diffusion plate DP1. In other words, in Experimental Example 4, the measurement was performed in the same manner as in the case of using the light-diffusing sheet DP1 instead of the bundle-shaped optical fiber sheet OP1. The measurement position is as shown in FIG.

The results are shown in Table 4, Figure 26, and Figure 27.

As a result, as in the case of the light-diffusing sheet DP1, as in the case of the experimental example 4, the position of the light source and the position of the observer are the multi-layer type swatches for the multi-layered structural color plate 37 in which the range of the recognizable angle of the reflected light is extremely narrow. In the case of the face of 37, the positional relationship with respect to the regular reflection is not present, and the upper surface of the multi-layered structural color plate 37 (measurement position P4) is often See high brightness, and as a clear red.

Further, as in the case of the experimental example 4, the light-diffusing sheet DP1 also has an effect of suppressing the observation angle dependency in the multi-layered structural color plate 37 having a narrow range of the recognizable angle of the reflected light.

However, the light diffusing plate DP1 is an inexpensive material and is advantageous in terms of cost.

However, these embodiments are described with reference to the limited embodiments and modifications, but the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and the modifications according to the embodiments disclosed above are of course for those skilled in the art.

1‧‧‧Portrait display panel

2‧‧‧Into the reflected light limiter

10‧‧‧Portrait display device

R1‧‧‧Structural color display area

R2‧‧‧Into the reflected light transmission range

R2a~R2f‧‧‧Into the reflected light transmission range

S1‧‧‧ face (face on the image display side)

S2‧‧‧ face (back side)

Claims (13)

A structured color display is a structured color display for displaying an image via a structural color, and is characterized in that it includes at least an image display panel having a structural color display region that exhibits a region of the structural color, and is selectively provided through the foregoing The display side of the image in the structural color display region is incident on the surface of the structural color display region on the display side of the image on the surface at a predetermined angle, and the incident light is The portion of the structured color display region that reflects the reflected light enters the reflected light restricting portion. The structural color display according to claim 1, wherein the in-reflecting light restricting portion selectively transmits the surface of the structural color display region at an angle of 80° or more and 90° or less. The incident light incident on the incident light and the reflected light reflected at an angle within the aforementioned range. The structural color display according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the reflected light-receiving portion has a sodium borate that is transparent to incident light incident along a thickness direction of the image display panel. And an optical fiber extending along the thickness direction of the image display panel is fixed to at least one of a bundle of bundled optical fibers. A structured color display is a structured color display for displaying an image via a structural color, and is characterized in that it includes at least an image display panel having a structural color display region that exhibits an area of the structural color. And a sodium borate disposed through the incident light incident on the thickness direction of the image display panel and on the display side of the image display panel The optical fiber extending in the direction is fixed to the reflected light restricting portion of at least one of the bundled bundled optical fibers. The structural color display according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the structural color display region is further sandwiched, and the structural color is adjusted at a position opposite to the reflected light-receiving portion. The thickness adjustment section of the thickness of the image display panel of the display area. The structural color display according to claim 5, wherein the thickness adjustment portion includes an electrode that is in contact with the image display panel, and can heat the heating portion of the image display panel to illuminate the image display panel In any of the illuminating units, the image display panel is a voltage responsive polymer gel which changes in volume in response to a voltage or an electric field applied to the electrode, and has a high heat responsiveness in response to a change in volume from heat of the heating unit. The molecular gel is formed by any of the light-responsive polymer gels whose volume changes depending on the light of the light-irradiating portion. The structural color display according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the image display panel exhibits a plurality of layers of the structural color presentation layer of the structural color along the thickness direction of the image display panel. In the structure, the thickness of each layer of the structural color display layer in the structural color display region is determined by using one of the laminated structural color display layers In the case of a layer, it is an integral multiple of the thickness of the aforementioned reference layer. The structural color display according to claim 7, wherein each of the layers of the structural color display layer is formed of the same material. The structural color display according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a display side of the image on which the reflected light is disposed, and having a plane and a position on the back side of the plane A plano-convex lens having a convex surface on the side, wherein the plane of the plano-convex lens is directed toward the side of the reflected light-restricting portion. The structural color display according to claim 9, wherein the plano-convex lens is a microlens array composed of a plurality of microlenses. The structural color display according to claim 10, wherein the reflected light-restricting portion includes a bundle-shaped optical fiber having a bundle of optical fibers extending in a thickness direction of the image display panel, and each of the optical fibers The microlenses are disposed on the end surface of the opening, and the diameters of the microlenses are the same as the diameters of the opening end faces of the optical fibers. The structural color display according to any one of the first to eighth aspects of the present invention, wherein the display light is further provided on the display side of the image in which the reflected light is received, and the incident light and the reflected light are arranged. Diffused light scattering plate. An image display object comprising the structural color display according to any one of claims 1 to 12.