TW201525498A - Method and apparatus for predicting discharging output of battery - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for predicting the discharging output of a battery is provided. The method includes the steps of measuring the amount of charge discharged by a battery in each combination of multiple discharging strengths and multiple temperatures of the battery after the battery is fully charged to generate a discharging amount table, and calculate a predicted discharging amount and a predicted maximum discharging strength of the battery according to the discharging amount table. The discharging amount table includes the correspondence relation among the temperatures, the discharging strengths and the discharging amounts of the battery. The discharging strength is the discharging power or the discharging current of the battery.

Description

Prediction method and prediction device for battery discharge output

The present disclosure relates to a method and a prediction apparatus for predicting a battery discharge output.

Today's electric vehicles are no less inferior to conventional cars that use gasoline internal combustion engines. As the name suggests, electric vehicles are powered by batteries. The dashboard of a traditional car will show the amount of oil remaining available as a reference for the driver. Therefore, the average driver will also expect the electric vehicle's dashboard to display the remaining available power of the battery. The actual available power of the battery is affected by factors such as temperature, discharge power, and battery aging, so there is often an error in estimating the amount of battery available.

The battery's discharge output capability and available power will affect the performance of the electric vehicle's speed, torque, and endurance. If you can estimate the maximum output power of the battery and use all the battery power as effectively as possible based on the estimated output power of the battery, it will help improve the overall performance and reliability of the electric vehicle. However, how to estimate the error of battery power with the least amount of variables and the most effective method is a big challenge.

The present disclosure provides a method and a prediction device for predicting a battery discharge output, which can effectively reduce the estimation error of the battery power and output power.

The battery discharge output prediction method of the present disclosure includes the following steps: after the battery is fully charged, measuring the discharged power of the battery in each combination of the plurality of discharge intensities and the plurality of temperatures of the battery to generate a electricity meter; The table calculates the estimated discharge capacity or estimated maximum discharge strength of the battery. The electricity meter includes a correspondence relationship between the temperature, the discharge intensity, and the discharged power of the above battery. The above discharge intensity is the discharge power or discharge current of the battery.

The battery discharge output predicting device of the present disclosure includes a memory unit, a battery measuring unit and an arithmetic unit. The memory unit stores the above power meter. The battery measuring unit is coupled to the battery to measure the current discharge capacity of the battery, the current discharge intensity and the current temperature. The computing unit is coupled to the memory unit and the battery measuring unit, and calculates an estimated discharging power or an estimated maximum discharging intensity of the battery according to at least one of the current discharging power, the current discharging intensity and the current temperature, and according to the electricity meter.

Another battery discharge output prediction method disclosed in the present disclosure includes the following steps: measuring the discharged power of the battery in each combination of a plurality of discharge intensities and a plurality of temperatures of the battery after the battery is fully charged, wherein the discharge intensity is a battery Discharge power or discharge current; use the function to indicate the relationship between the temperature, discharge intensity and discharge capacity of the above measurement, the function includes a temperature coefficient, the temperature coefficient is a function of the above temperature of the battery; The function calculates the estimated discharge capacity of the battery or the estimated maximum discharge intensity; if the estimated value of the battery is the actual value corresponding to the estimated value If the error between the values is greater than the set value, the temperature coefficient is corrected according to the actual value, and the estimated value is the estimated discharge power or the estimated maximum discharge intensity.

Another battery discharge output prediction method disclosed in the present disclosure includes the following steps: after the battery is fully charged, generating the above-mentioned electricity meter according to the above manner; calculating the estimated discharge power of the battery or estimating the maximum discharge intensity according to the electricity meter; If the error between the estimated value and the actual value of the corresponding estimated value is greater than the set value, a gain value is calculated according to the estimated value and the actual value, and the estimated value is the estimated discharge power or the full charge capacity of the battery; Correct the fuel gauge according to the gain value.

Another battery discharge output predicting device of the present disclosure further includes a display unit in addition to the memory unit, the battery measuring unit and the arithmetic unit. The display unit is coupled to the arithmetic unit to display the current discharge intensity and the estimated maximum discharge intensity.

Based on the above, the prediction method and the prediction device of the battery discharge output of the present invention can estimate the maximum power output and the available power at the current power, thereby improving the user's trust in the battery information, improving the user experience, and thereby improving the electric vehicle. Driving safety and reliability.

In order to make the above features of the present disclosure more apparent, the following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

100‧‧‧Battery discharge output prediction device

110‧‧‧Battery

120‧‧‧Battery measurement unit

130‧‧‧ arithmetic unit

140‧‧‧ memory unit

150‧‧‧ display unit

160‧‧‧Battery Control Unit

210~240‧‧‧ method steps

410‧‧‧ Current Sensor

420‧‧‧Power Estimation Unit

430‧‧‧Temperature measuring unit

540‧‧‧Voltage measuring unit

550‧‧‧Power calculation unit

610~680, 710~780‧‧‧ method steps

900, 1100‧‧‧discharge intensity table

Part of the discharge intensity table for 910, 920, 1110, 1120‧‧

930, 1130‧‧ pointer

1140‧‧‧ Estimated maximum discharge power

1150‧‧‧Battery abnormal warning

1160‧‧‧ Countdown

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

2 is a flow chart of a battery discharge output prediction method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

3 is a schematic diagram of data obtained from battery discharge measurements in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

4 is a schematic diagram of a battery measuring unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery measuring unit according to another embodiment of the disclosure.

6 and 7 are flowcharts of a battery discharge output prediction method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

8A-8D are schematic diagrams of display screens of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

9A and 9B are schematic diagrams showing a display screen of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

11A-11D are schematic diagrams of display screens of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The battery discharge output prediction device 100 can be applied to an electric load Equipment, energy storage systems, or uninterruptible power systems. The battery discharge output predicting device 100 includes a battery measuring unit 120, an arithmetic unit 130, a memory unit 140, and a display unit 150. The battery measuring unit 120 is coupled to the battery 110. The computing unit 130 is coupled to the battery measuring unit 120, the memory unit 140, and the display unit 150.

The memory unit 140 can store various data such as a power meter, a lookup table, or a function in the following description. The battery measuring unit 120 can measure the current discharge capacity of the battery 110, the current discharge intensity, and the current temperature. The current discharged power refers to the amount of power that the battery 110 has accumulated since the start of power supply. The discharge intensity may be the discharge power or the discharge current of the battery 110. In the following description, the discharge power is often exemplified. The computing unit 130 may calculate the estimated discharge capacity or the estimated maximum discharge intensity of the battery 110 according to at least one of the current discharge capacity of the battery 110, the current discharge intensity, and the current temperature, and according to the power consumption table stored by the memory unit 140. The estimated discharge power refers to the discharge power that the operation unit 130 estimates in total in the current environment, and the estimated maximum discharge intensity refers to the maximum discharge strength that the battery 110 can withstand. The display unit 140 can display various data related to the battery 110 described above.

2 is a flow chart of a battery discharge output prediction method in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. Step 210 may be performed manually or by an automatic control device, and steps 220-240 may be performed by arithmetic unit 130.

First, the power meter described above is generated at step 210. This electricity meter is generated by measuring the discharged electric quantity of the battery 110 in each of a plurality of discharge intensities of the battery 110 and a plurality of temperatures after the battery 110 is fully charged. For example, Table 1 below is an example of a power meter.

Five different temperatures are listed on the far left of Table 1. The top row lists five different discharge intensities, in this case the discharge power in watts (W). The remaining 25 squares represent 25 combinations of five temperatures and five discharge intensities, and the number in each square is the amount of discharged electricity of the battery 110 measured in one combination, that is, the specificity of the battery 110 in the combination. At the temperature, the specific power is discharged at a specific power of the combination until the discharge voltage of the battery 110 reaches the cutoff voltage and the discharge voltage drops sharply. In each combined discharge measurement, if the temperature difference between the current temperature of the battery 110 and the specific temperature of the combination rises above a set value (eg, 2 ° C), the discharge of the battery 110 is suspended and the battery 110 is cooled; When it falls below another set value (for example, 0.5 ° C), the discharge of the battery 110 is resumed and the statistical discharge power is continuously accumulated. Since the discharge intensity is set to the discharge power, the unit of the discharge amount is watt hour (Wh). Therefore, the electricity meter generated in the above manner includes the correspondence between the temperature of the battery 110, the discharge intensity, and the discharged electric quantity.

There are two options after the meter is generated in step 210. The first is to use a function at step 220 to indicate the temperature, discharge intensity, and discharge level of the battery 110 as measured above. If the discharge intensity is the discharge power, the above function may be in the form of Q = f ( P , T ) or P = f ( T , Q ), where P , T and Q are the discharge power, temperature and discharge capacity of the battery 110, respectively. .

In order to simplify the above function, the function can be reduced in order by fixing one of the variables. For example, after being fixed at a specific temperature T , the function can be simplified to the function of the discharge power P as shown below.

Estimated discharge capacity Q = F * w ( T , P )

When T =1, w (1, P )=ρ ₁ ^{( P -1)}

When T = 2, w (2, P ) = ρ ₂ ^{( P -1)}

When T = 3, w (3, P ) = ρ ₃ ^{( P -1)} , and so on

That is to say, the above function Q = F * w ( T , P ) can be simplified as Q = F * ρ( T ) ^{P -1} . Q is the estimated discharge capacity of the battery 110. F is the fully-charge capacity of the battery 110, in one embodiment F = 7.92 Wh. w ( T , P ) can be called a weight, the minimum value of the weight is 0, and the maximum value is 1. ρ( T ) or ρ is called the temperature coefficient, and the temperature coefficient is the function of the temperature T of the battery 110. The value of the temperature coefficient should minimize the error between the function and the discharge amount in the electricity meter. T can be a positive integer and is proportional to the temperature of the battery 110. For example, T = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 can correspond to five different degrees of 5 ° C, 15 ° C, 25 ° C, 35 ° C, and 45 ° C in Table 1, respectively. temperature. Similarly, P can be a positive integer and is proportional to the discharge power of the battery 110. For example, P = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 can correspond to the five different discharges of 0W, 8W, 16W, 24W, and 32W in Table 1, respectively. power. Figure 3 shows such weights w ( T , P ).

Next, an estimate of the battery 110 can be calculated at step 230 using the above function, which can be the estimated discharge capacity of the battery 110 or the estimated maximum discharge power. If the function is in the form of Q=f(P, T), the operation unit 130 may substitute the current discharge power of the battery 110 with the current temperature to calculate the estimated discharge amount. If the function is in the form of P=f(T, Q), the operation unit 130 may substitute the current discharge power of the battery 110 with the current temperature to calculate the estimated maximum discharge power.

Another option after generating the fuel gauge at step 210 is to directly calculate the above estimate using the fuel gauge at step 240. Steps 230 and 240 are described in detail below.

The above calculations require the current discharge power, current temperature, and current discharge capacity of the battery 110 from the battery measurement unit 120. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery measuring unit 120 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the current discharge intensity refers to the current discharge current of the battery 110. The battery measuring unit 120 includes a current sensor 410, a power estimating unit 420, and a temperature measuring unit 430. The current sensor 410 is coupled between the battery 110 and the computing unit 130. The current measuring unit 420 is coupled between the current sensor 410 and the computing unit 130.

Current sensor 410 measures the current discharge current of battery 110. The power estimation unit 420 calculates the current discharged power of the battery 110 based on the current discharge current accumulation of the battery 110. The temperature measuring unit 430 measures the current temperature of the battery 110. In the present embodiment, the current temperature is measured on the housing of the battery 110.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery measuring unit 120 in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. In this embodiment, the current discharge intensity refers to the current discharge power of the battery 110. The battery measuring unit 120 of this embodiment further includes a voltage measuring unit 540 and a power calculating unit 550 in addition to the current sensor 410, the power estimating unit 420, and the temperature measuring unit 430 in FIG. The voltage measuring unit 540 is coupled to the battery 110. The power calculation unit 550 is coupled between the current sensor 410 , the voltage measurement unit 540 , and the operation unit 130 . The voltage measurement unit 540 measures the current discharge voltage of the battery 110. The power calculation unit 550 calculates the current discharge power of the battery 110 based on the current discharge voltage of the battery 110 and the current discharge current.

FIG. 6 is a detailed flowchart of step 230 according to an embodiment of the disclosure, and the flow of FIG. 6 may be performed by the operation unit 130. In this embodiment, the above function Q = F * w ( T , P ) = F * ρ ( T ) ^{P -1 is} pre-established as a lookup table, and the lookup table can be stored in the memory unit 140 in advance. Table 2 below is an example of a lookup table used in this embodiment.

Table 2 includes a plurality of temperature coefficients ρ( T ) corresponding to a plurality of different temperatures. Table 2 also includes a plurality of weights w ( T , P ) corresponding to a plurality of different temperatures and a plurality of different discharge powers. The weights in the lookup table are all power values of the temperature coefficient, so in another embodiment, the lookup table may include only a plurality of temperature coefficients corresponding to a plurality of different temperatures. If necessary, the arithmetic unit 130 can calculate the generated weights on the basis of the temperature coefficient.

In the following description of Figs. 6 and 7, the discharge intensity of the battery 110 is the discharge power.

The battery measuring unit 120 can periodically measure the current temperature, the current discharging power and the current discharging power of the battery 110, and the operation unit 130 can periodically perform the loops formed by the steps 610 to 640 to continuously update the estimated value of the battery 110. As mentioned above, the estimated value refers to the estimated discharge capacity or estimated maximum discharge power of the battery 110.

The flow of Fig. 6 will be described below. At step 610, a temperature coefficient ρ( T ) corresponding to the current temperature is calculated by interpolation based on the current temperature of the battery 110 and the lookup table. At step 620, a weighting array corresponding to the current temperature is calculated according to the temperature coefficient ρ( T ) corresponding to the current temperature, that is, [ρ( T ) ⁰ , ρ( T ) ¹ , ρ( T ) ² , ρ( T ) ³ , ρ( T ) ⁴ ]. At step 630, an estimate is calculated from the weight array.

At step 640, it is checked if the battery 110 has reached the discharge limit. This discharge limit means that the discharge power of the battery 110 has dropped to a preset lower limit value, or the impedance of the battery 110 suddenly increases sharply and the discharge voltage drops sharply. If the battery 110 has not reached the discharge limit, the flow returns to step 610. If the battery 110 has reached the discharge limit, the flow proceeds to step 650.

At step 650, the actual value of the corresponding estimated value is obtained. If the estimate is in The estimated discharge amount calculated in step 630 is the actual discharge amount when the battery 110 has reached the discharge limit. If the estimated value is the estimated maximum discharge power calculated at step 630, the actual value is the actual maximum discharge power at which the battery 110 has reached the discharge limit. At step 660, a prediction error between the predicted value and the actual value is calculated, that is, the absolute value of the difference between the estimated value and the actual value. At step 670, it is checked if the prediction error is greater than a set value. If yes, indicating that the prediction is incorrect, the temperature coefficient correction procedure of step 680 is performed. If the prediction error is not greater than the set value, the prediction is correct and the process ends.

The calculation of steps 610 to 630 of FIG. 6 is further explained below based on Table 2 using two examples, and the calculations in these examples can be performed by the operation unit 130.

Example 1: The current temperature of the battery 110 is 20 ° C, and the current discharge power is 3 Wh, and it is necessary to calculate the estimated maximum discharge power and the remaining discharge power available at the discharge power.

Answer: Linear interpolation can be performed using a temperature coefficient corresponding to 15 ° C and 25 ° C to obtain a temperature coefficient corresponding to 20 ° C. In the interpolation operation, 20 ° C corresponds to 15 ° C to occupy a weight of 0.5, corresponding to 25 ° C to occupy a weight of 0.5, so that the corresponding 20 ° C temperature coefficient ρ = 0.86 * 0.5 + 0.90 * 0.5 = 0.88, as shown in Table 3 below .

The middle column of Table 3 is a weight array corresponding to 20 ° C, and the lowermost column is the result of multiplying the weight by the full charge capacity F of the battery 110, that is, the estimated discharge of the battery 110 at a temperature of 20 ° C and various discharge powers. Battery Q.

The system 110 has a maximum discharge intensity of 32 W. It can be seen from Table 3 that the current discharge capacity (3Wh) of the battery 110 is less than the discharge capacity (4.76Wh) corresponding to the maximum discharge intensity of the system, so the battery 110 can be output with a maximum power of 32W, and the estimated maximum discharge power is the maximum discharge power of the system 32W. . If the current discharge power is 32W output, the estimated discharge power is 4.76Wh, so the corresponding remaining discharge power at the current discharge power is 4.76Wh-3Wh=1.76Wh.

Example 2: The current temperature of the battery 110 is 8 ° C, and the current discharge power is 5 Wh, and the estimated maximum discharge power needs to be calculated.

Answer: Linear interpolation can be performed using a temperature coefficient corresponding to 5 ° C and 15 ° C to obtain a temperature coefficient corresponding to 8 ° C. In the interpolation operation, the weights are 5 ° C and 0.7, and 15 ° C is 0.3, so that the temperature coefficient ρ = 0.832 corresponding to 8 ° C can be calculated, as shown in Table 4 below.

At present, the discharge power is 5Wh, which is located between the discharge power of 15.48Wh at 16W and the discharge power of 4.57Wh at 24W. The maximum discharge power can be estimated by linear interpolation. Substituting the current discharge power 5Wh into the interpolation operation, the weight corresponding to 16W is 0.47, and the weight corresponding to 24W is 0.53, so the estimated maximum discharge power is 16W*0.47+24W*0.53=20.2W.

Example 2 (continued): If the current discharge power is 16W, what is the remaining discharge capacity available at this discharge power?

Answer: The estimated discharge power of 16W in Table 4 is 5.49Wh. This amount of electricity minus the current discharge capacity is the available remaining discharge capacity. Therefore, the remaining discharge capacity = 5.49Wh-5Wh = 0.49Wh.

FIG. 7 is a detailed flowchart of the temperature coefficient correction procedure of step 680 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the flow of FIG. 7 may be performed by the arithmetic unit 130. At step 710, the temperature coefficient ρ _T of the current temperature of the corresponding battery 110 is subtracted by a preset value, such as 0.01, 0.02, 0.05 or 1%, 2%, 5% of the initial value of the temperature coefficient ρ _T , and the like. The above initial value is the value of the temperature coefficient ρ _T just entering the flow of Fig. 7. At step 720, a weighting array corresponding to the current temperature of the battery 110 is generated using the temperature coefficient ρ _T decremented by step 710, that is, [ρ _T ⁰ , ρ _T ¹ , ρ _T ² , ρ _T ³ , ρ _T ⁴ ]. A new estimate is then calculated from the weight array at step 730, and a prediction error between the new estimate and the corresponding actual value is calculated at step 740. Steps 720, 730, and 740 are similar to steps 620, 630, and 660 of FIG. However, steps 620, 630, and 660 are based on the initial value of the temperature coefficient ρ _T , and steps 720 , 730 , and 740 are values that are decremented according to the temperature coefficient ρ _T .

Next, at step 750, it is checked whether the above-mentioned prediction error is reduced, that is, whether the prediction error obtained in step 740 is less than the prediction error obtained in the previous execution step 740. If so, the flow returns to step 710, otherwise the flow proceeds to step 760. Steps 710 through 750 form a loop for the purpose of searching for a value of the temperature coefficient ρ _T that approximates the predicted value to the actual value.

When the flow leaves the above loop, it indicates that the temperature coefficient ρ _T which can make the estimated value closest to the actual value has been found, and the optimal temperature coefficient ρ _T is not the temperature coefficient ρ _T obtained by the current loop, but The temperature coefficient ρ _T obtained from the last execution of this loop. Therefore, in step 760, the previous temperature coefficient ρ _T is used, that is, the temperature coefficient ρ _T obtained by performing the loop last time is used as the corrected temperature coefficient ρ _T . Then at step 770 a gain value is calculated which is equal to the corrected temperature coefficient ρ _T divided by the initial value of the temperature coefficient ρ _T . This gain value is then multiplied by each temperature coefficient in the lookup table at step 780 to correct the temperature coefficient in the lookup table.

If the arithmetic unit 130 does not use a lookup table, but directly calculates the estimated value by a function, the temperature coefficient in the function can also be corrected by the flow of FIG. In this case, however, the arithmetic unit 130 does not need to calculate the weight array of step 720, and the estimated value of step 730 can be calculated directly using the function and the temperature coefficient decremented by step 710.

The temperature coefficient correction procedure of FIG. 7 is further explained below based on Table 2 and two examples, and the calculations in these examples can be performed by the operation unit 130.

Example 3: The current temperature is 32 ° C, the current discharge power is 28 W, and the estimated discharge power is calculated. If the actual discharge is only 5Wh, how to correct the temperature coefficient?

Answer: The current temperature is 32 °C between 35 °C (interpolation weight 0.3) and 45 °C (interpolation weight 0.7). The temperature coefficient ρ is 0.907 by linear interpolation. The weight array is expanded as shown in Table 5 below. Shown.

At present, the discharge power of 28W is between 24W (interpolation weight 0.5) and 32W (interpolation weight 0.5). After linear interpolation, the estimated discharge power is 5.62Wh.

As for the correction of the temperature coefficient, the initial value of the temperature coefficient is ρ=0.907, and after decrementing 0.01 each time using the loop of Fig. 7, the estimated discharge power of 28W is calculated according to the weight of 24W and 32W, and the estimated value and the actual value are selected. The ρ value with the smallest prediction error, the result is 0.877, and the estimated discharge capacity can be corrected to 5.01Wh. Therefore, the gain value is 0.877/0.907=0.967. After correcting each temperature coefficient of Table 2 with this gain value, the corresponding weight changes accordingly, as shown in Table 6 below.

Example 4: The current temperature is 32 ° C, and the current discharge capacity is 6 Wh, and the estimated maximum discharge power is calculated. If the actual discharge power is 18W, how to correct the temperature coefficient?

Answer: The current temperature is 32 °C between 35 °C (interpolation weight 0.3) and 45 °C (interpolation weight 0.7). The temperature coefficient ρ is 0.907 by linear interpolation. The weight array is expanded as shown in Table 7 below. Shown.

At present, the discharge power 6Wh is located between the discharge power corresponding to 16W and 24W. The linear interpolation can be used to estimate the maximum discharge power of 22.8W, but the actual value is 18W, indicating that the temperature coefficient ρ needs to be corrected.

The initial value of the temperature coefficient is ρ=0.907, and the loop is decremented by 1% each time using the loop of Fig. 7. The ρ value which minimizes the prediction error between the estimated value and the actual value is searched. The result is 0.887, and the estimated value can be corrected to 18.63. W. Therefore, the gain value is 0.887/0.907=0.978. Table 2 corrected with this gain value is shown in Table 8 below.

After generating the power meter as shown in Table 1 in step 210 of FIG. 2, one option is to use the electricity meter directly at step 240 to calculate the estimated value. The following three examples are used to illustrate how the arithmetic unit 130 directly uses Table 1 to calculate estimated values, and the calculations in these examples can be performed by the arithmetic unit 130.

Example 5: If the current temperature of the battery 110 is 45 ° C, and the current discharge capacity is 3 Wh, what is the estimated maximum discharge power and the remaining discharge power available at the discharge power?

Answer: According to Table 1, the table can be seen that the available discharge power of 32W is 5.61Wh, which is greater than the current discharge power of 3Wh. Therefore, the maximum discharge power is estimated to be 32W of the system 110, and the remaining discharge capacity corresponding to 32W is 5.61Wh- 3Wh = 2.61Wh.

Example 6: If the current temperature is 5 ° C, and the current discharge capacity is 5 Wh, what is the estimated maximum discharge power? If the current discharge power is 16W, what is the remaining discharge power available at this discharge power?

Answer: The current discharge power of 5Wh is between 16W and 24W corresponding discharge power. After linear interpolation, the estimated maximum discharge power is 18.93W. The discharge power corresponding to 16W is 5.45Wh, so the remaining discharge power available is 5.45Wh-5Wh=0.45Wh.

Example 7: If the current temperature is 10 ° C, the current discharge power is 28 W, what is the estimated discharge capacity?

Answer: The current temperature is 10 °C between 15 °C and 25 °C. The current discharge power is 28W between 24W and 32W. It can directly use two-dimensional interpolation according to the four discharges corresponding to 15°C and 25°C and 24W and 32W. The electricity calculation calculates the discharge capacity and the result is 4.55Wh.

The full charge capacity F of the battery 110 may be lowered due to deterioration. If the error between the predicted full charge capacity and the actual value of the battery 110 is greater than the set value due to the deterioration, the operation unit 130 may calculate a gain value according to the estimated value and the actual value, and modify the power meter according to the gain value. The detection of such deterioration is a known technique, and the arithmetic unit 130 can periodically check whether the battery 110 is degraded. The following uses Table 1 and an example to further explain how the arithmetic unit 130 corrects the electricity meter in response to deterioration.

Example 8: If the full charge capacity F of the battery 110 is degraded from 7.92 Wh to 6 Wh, the discharge is performed at a maximum discharge power of 32 W at a temperature of 45 ° C. What is the estimated discharge capacity?

Answer: The full charge capacity F is reduced from 7.92Wh to 6Wh, and the gain value is 6/7.92=0.76. Each of the discharge quantities in the fuel gauge can be multiplied by this gain value to obtain a corrected fuel gauge, as shown in Table 9 below. According to Table 9, the estimated discharge power corresponding to 45 ° C and 32 W is 4.25 Wh.

The aforementioned correction is to multiply each discharge in the electricity meter by the same amount. The gain value, but the actual battery degradation may cause different degrees of attenuation for each discharge in the electricity meter, and a single gain value is not suitable for this situation. Therefore, in another embodiment, when the power meter needs to be corrected, the operation unit 130 may multiply each of the discharge quantities in the electricity meter by the previous gain value, and multiply the value of the corresponding discharge power in the gain matrix. Table 10 below is an example of a gain matrix corresponding to the electricity meter of Table 1.

The values in the gain matrix can come from actual statistics. For example, the operation unit 130 may collect a plurality of gain values corresponding to a plurality of different temperatures and a plurality of different discharge powers, and calculate a ratio between the gain values to obtain a value in the gain matrix. If the computing unit 130 can be connected to the cloud, the gain matrix values that are statistically derived from each other can be shared through the cloud and other battery discharge output prediction devices.

The above-mentioned electricity meter correction is for the full charge capacity of the battery before and after the deterioration, and if there is another error between the estimated value (for example, the estimated discharge amount) and the corresponding actual value. The difference is greater than the set value, and the arithmetic unit 130 may divide the actual value by the estimated value to obtain the gain value, and then use the gain value to correct the electricity meter using the above method.

8A-8D are schematic diagrams of display screens of the display unit 150 according to an embodiment of the disclosure. As previously described, the battery measurement unit 120 can measure the current discharge power of the battery 110, and the arithmetic unit 130 can calculate the estimated maximum discharge power of the battery 110. Therefore, the display unit 150 can display the current discharge intensity of the battery 110 and the estimated maximum discharge intensity. In Fig. 8A, each circle represents a charging power or a discharging power of the battery 110, and the current discharging power is 16 W, expressed in one color, and the estimated maximum discharging power is 32 W, which is represented by another color.

In addition, the battery measuring unit 120 can measure the current discharged power of the battery 110, and the computing unit 130 can calculate the estimated discharged power of the battery 110. If the estimated discharged power of the battery 110 is greater than the current discharged power, the operation unit 130 may subtract the current discharged power from the estimated discharged power to calculate the remaining discharged power of the battery 110, and the display unit 150 may display the remaining discharged power. For example, in FIG. 8A, the remaining discharge electric quantity displayed by the display unit 150 is 6.5 Wh.

If the battery discharge output predicting device 100 is applied to an electric vehicle such as an electric vehicle, the arithmetic unit 130 or the electric vehicle can count the amount of electricity consumed per kilometer, and the arithmetic unit 130 can calculate the remaining discharged power of the battery 110 and the electric vehicle. The remaining power consumption per kilometer is used to estimate the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle, and the display unit 150 can display the remaining mileage. For example, in FIG. 8A, the display unit 150 displays the remaining mileage of 28 kilometers.

In FIG. 8B, the current discharge power displayed by the display unit 150 is still 16W, the estimated maximum discharge power drops to 24W, the remaining discharge capacity drops to 2.3Wh, and the remaining mileage is reduced to 12km.

In Fig. 8C, the current discharge power displayed by the display unit 150 is increased to 24 W, and the estimated maximum discharge power is also 24 W, and the two discharge powers are displayed in a third color when they overlap. The remaining discharge capacity displayed by the display unit 150 is reduced to 1.3 Wh, and the remaining mileage is reduced to 5 km.

In FIG. 8D, the current discharge power displayed by the display unit 150 drops to 16 W, and the estimated maximum discharge power also drops to 16 W, and the two discharge powers are displayed in a third color when they overlap. Since the remaining discharged power is close to zero, the display unit 150 has not displayed the remaining discharged power and the remaining mileage.

9A and 9B are schematic diagrams of display screens of the display unit 150 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. In FIG. 9A, the display unit 150 displays a discharge intensity table, that is, a discharge power meter 900. The minimum value of the discharge power meter 900 is 0 kilowatts (kW) and the maximum value is 1 kilowatt. The discharge power meter 900 includes the current discharge power (0.57 kW) of the battery 110, the estimated maximum discharge power (0.78 kW), and the maximum discharge power of the system (1 kW). Pointer 930 indicates the current discharge power of battery 110. The discharge power meter 900 includes a portion 910 that is less than the estimated maximum discharge power and a portion 920 that is greater than the estimated maximum discharge power and less than the system maximum discharge power. These two portions 910 and 920 can be displayed in two different colors. Portion 920 represents the discharge power that the current battery 110 has been unable to provide.

In Fig. 9B, the current discharge power drops to 0.45 kW, and the estimated maximum discharge power drops to 0.6 kW, so that part 920 of Fig. 9B is larger than the portion of Fig. 9A. The 920 is expanding.

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a battery discharge output prediction apparatus 100 in accordance with another embodiment of the present disclosure. The battery discharge output predicting device 100 of FIG. 10 has one more battery control unit 160 than the battery discharge output predicting device 100 of FIGS. 1 and 5. The battery control unit 160 is coupled to the current sensor 410 and the arithmetic unit 130. The battery control unit 160 may limit the discharge current or discharge power of the battery 110 or cut off the discharge output of the battery 110 when some special conditions occur, such as when the temperature of the battery 110 is too low or too high.

11A to 11D are views showing a display screen of the display unit 150 of the battery discharge output predicting device 100 of Fig. 10. FIG. 11A shows a display screen of a normal situation, and FIGS. 11B to 11D show a display screen of the above special situation.

The embodiment of FIG. 11A is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 9A and 9B in which display unit 150 displays a discharge intensity meter, that is, discharge power meter 1100. The minimum value of the discharge power meter 1100 is 0 kW, and the maximum value is 1 kW. This maximum value is the maximum discharge power of the system of the battery 110. Display unit 150 also displays the estimated maximum discharge power 1140 of battery 110. Pointer 1130 indicates the current discharge power (0.5 kW) of battery 110. The discharge power meter 1100 includes a portion 1110 that is less than the estimated maximum discharge power 1140 and a portion 1120 that is greater than the estimated maximum discharge power 1140 and less than the system maximum discharge power. Portion 1120 represents the discharge power that current battery 110 has been unable to provide. These two parts 1110 and 1120 can be displayed in two different colors. For example, portion 1110 can be displayed in green and portion 1120 can be displayed in orange.

In general, the temperature range in the electricity meter (such as Table 1) is the battery Normal operating range. If the temperature is below this range or above this range, the discharge output of the battery must be limited.

In an embodiment, the current temperature of the battery 110 is lower than the lowest temperature in the electricity meter. FIG. 11B illustrates a display screen of the display unit 150 in this embodiment. Taking Table 1 as an example, the above minimum temperature is 5 °C. When the current temperature of the battery 110 is lower than the lowest temperature in the electricity meter, the discharge current of the battery 110 must be limited. Therefore, in this embodiment, the battery control unit 160 limits the discharge current of the battery 110 to not exceed a set value (for example, 10 amps). The arithmetic unit 130 sets the estimated maximum discharge power 1140 in the display screen to an upper limit value corresponding to the set value, the upper limit value being equal to the set value multiplied by the current discharge voltage of the battery 110 measured by the voltage measuring unit 540. . The display unit 150 displays the portion 1120 of the discharge power meter 1100 in a third color different from the two colors in FIG. 11A, for example, blue may be used to indicate that the limitation of the discharge power is caused by the low temperature.

If, in another embodiment, the discharge intensity of the battery 110 refers to the discharge current of the battery 110, the arithmetic unit 130 may directly set the estimated maximum discharge intensity 1140 in the display screen to the above-described set value (for example, 10 amps).

In an embodiment, the current temperature of the battery 110 is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter. FIG. 11C illustrates a display screen of the display unit 150 in this embodiment. Taking Table 1 as an example, the above maximum temperature is 45 °C. When the current temperature of the battery 110 is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter, in order to avoid the output termination due to the continuous overheating of the battery 110, the discharge power of the battery 110 may be limited to control the temperature rise rate. Therefore, in this embodiment, the operation unit 130 first uses the highest temperature calculation in the power meter to correspond to the most The maximum discharge power is estimated for the high temperature, and then the estimated maximum discharge power corresponding to the maximum temperature is multiplied by a proportional value as the estimated maximum discharge power 1140 corresponding to the current temperature of the battery 110.

The above ratio is a decreasing function of the current temperature of the battery 110. For example, if the current temperature of the battery 110 is between 45 ° C and 50 ° C, the above ratio is 80%. If the current temperature is between 50 and 55 ° C, the above ratio is 50%. If the current temperature exceeds 55 ° C, the above ratio is 20%.

In this embodiment, battery control unit 160 may limit the discharge power of battery 110 to an estimated maximum discharge intensity 1140 that does not exceed the current temperature. The display unit 150 can display the estimated maximum discharge intensity 1140 corresponding to the current temperature described above. The display unit 150 may display the portion 1120 of the discharge power meter 1100 in a fourth color different from the three colors in FIGS. 11A and 11B, for example, red may be used to indicate that the limitation of the discharge power is caused by the high temperature.

The battery 110 may self-heat due to an internal short circuit, and may even have a thermal runaway that is suddenly warmed up in a very short time. In this embodiment, for the safety of the user, the display unit 150 may display a battery abnormality warning and a countdown when the current temperature of the battery 110 is higher than a set value, such as the battery abnormality warning 1150 and the countdown timer 1160 in FIG. 11D, The countdown to the 1160 is 30 seconds. The above set value should be higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter. For example, the set value can be 55 °C as described above. The battery control unit 160 may turn off the discharge output of the battery 110 when the current temperature of the battery 110 is above the set value and the countdown 1160 ends.

Battery control unit 160 can be located anywhere on the output path of battery 110. For example, battery control unit 160 may instead be located between battery 110 and current sensor 410 of FIG.

In another embodiment, the battery discharge output prediction device 100 may not include the battery control unit 160, but may be limited by another device, such as a motor controller of the electric vehicle, to limit the discharge current or discharge power of the battery 110, or to cut The discharge output of the battery 110 is broken.

In another embodiment, the display unit 150 can also display other information of the battery 110, such as the current temperature of the battery 110 and the current discharged power.

As previously mentioned, the discharge intensity of battery 110 can be either a discharge power or a discharge current. In the various previous embodiments, the discharge power was used as the discharge intensity. However, in other embodiments, the discharge current can also be used as the discharge intensity, as long as the discharge powers in the previous embodiments are all replaced by discharge currents, and the unit of discharge power is replaced by watt hours (Wh) to ampere-hours (Ah). ) Just fine. For the embodiment of FIG. 10, if the discharge intensity is a discharge current, the battery measurement unit 120 of FIG. 10 can be replaced with the battery measurement unit 120 of FIG.

In summary, the battery discharge output prediction device and the prediction method of the present invention can estimate the discharge capacity and the maximum discharge intensity of the battery, thereby estimating the remaining mileage of the electric vehicle. Even with battery aging, different season temperatures, different operating conditions, and different residual power levels, you can accurately estimate the various values of the battery. The electric vehicle can adjust the power or current output of the drive motor according to the estimated value, and optimize the battery energy control without affecting the battery life. Accurate estimates can boost electricity The driving safety and reliability of the moving vehicle enhances the user experience and enhances the user's trust in the estimated value of the battery. In addition, for the safety of the user, the battery discharge output predicting device of the present disclosure can display an abnormal warning when the battery temperature is too high, and cut off the discharge output of the battery when the countdown ends.

The present disclosure has been disclosed in the above embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the disclosure, and any person skilled in the art can make some changes and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. The scope of protection of this disclosure is subject to the definition of the scope of the appended claims.

100‧‧‧Battery discharge output prediction device

110‧‧‧Battery

120‧‧‧Battery measurement unit

130‧‧‧ arithmetic unit

140‧‧‧ memory unit

150‧‧‧ display unit

Claims (71)

A battery discharge output prediction method includes: after a battery is fully charged, measuring a discharge quantity of the battery in each combination of a plurality of discharge intensities and a plurality of temperatures of the battery to generate a electricity meter, wherein the battery The table includes a correspondence between the temperature of the battery, the discharge intensity, and the discharge power, wherein the discharge intensity is a discharge power or a discharge current of the battery; and calculating an estimated discharge amount or an estimate of the battery according to the electricity gauge Maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 1, further comprising: in each of the above combinations, if a temperature difference between a current temperature of the battery and a specific temperature of the combination rises to be greater than a first set value, Suspending the discharge of the battery and waiting for the battery to cool down, and when the temperature difference drops below a second set value, the discharge of the battery is resumed. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 1, further comprising: expressing, by using a function, the temperature, the discharge intensity, and the discharge amount of the battery obtained by the measuring; and discharging the battery The intensity and current temperature are substituted into the function to calculate the estimated discharge capacity, or the current discharge capacity of the battery and the current temperature are substituted into the function to calculate the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 3, wherein the function is Q = F * ρ ^{N -1} , Q is the estimated discharge capacity, F is the full charge capacity of the battery, and ρ is one The temperature coefficient, which is the function of the temperature of the battery, N is a positive integer and is proportional to the discharge intensity of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 4, further comprising: storing a lookup table of the function, wherein the lookup table includes a plurality of the temperature coefficients corresponding to the plurality of different temperatures; The current temperature and the lookup table are interpolated to calculate the temperature coefficient corresponding to the current temperature; according to the temperature coefficient corresponding to the current temperature, ρ ^{N -1} in the function is respectively calculated for a plurality of N values; The ρ ^{N -1} calculates the estimated discharge capacity or the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 4, further comprising: if an error between an estimated value of the battery and an actual value corresponding to the estimated value is greater than a set value, according to the actual The value corrects the temperature coefficient, wherein the estimated value is the estimated discharge capacity or the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 6, wherein the step of correcting the temperature coefficient according to the actual value comprises: searching for the temperature coefficient to be successively decremented, and searching for the estimated value to be closest to the a value of the temperature coefficient of the actual value; calculating a gain value based on the value of the temperature coefficient and the initial value of the temperature coefficient before the decrement; and correcting the temperature coefficient according to the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 1, further comprising: calculating the estimated discharge power according to the current discharge intensity of the battery, the current temperature, and the electricity meter, or according to the current discharge capacity of the battery, The current temperature, and the electricity meter, calculates the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 8, further comprising: subtracting the current discharge power from the estimated discharge power to calculate a remaining discharge capacity of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 8, further comprising: if the current discharge capacity of the battery is less than a discharge power corresponding to a maximum discharge intensity of the system of the battery, the estimated maximum discharge intensity is equal to the The maximum discharge intensity of the system; and if the current discharge capacity of the battery is greater than the discharge capacity corresponding to the maximum discharge intensity of the system of the battery, the estimated maximum discharge intensity is calculated by interpolation according to the electricity meter. The battery discharge output prediction method described in claim 8 of the patent application scope, The method further includes: if an error between an estimated value of the battery and an actual value corresponding to the predicted value is greater than a set value, calculating a gain value according to the estimated value and the actual value, wherein the estimated value The estimated discharge capacity or the full charge capacity of the battery; and correcting the electricity gauge based on the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 11, wherein the step of modifying the electricity meter according to the gain value comprises multiplying each discharge amount in the electricity meter by the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 11, wherein the step of modifying the electricity meter according to the gain value comprises: multiplying each discharge amount in the electricity meter by the gain value and a pair in a gain matrix The value of the amount of electricity that should be discharged. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 1, further comprising: if the current temperature of the battery is lower than a lowest temperature in the electricity meter, setting the estimated maximum discharge intensity to an upper limit value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 14, wherein the upper limit value is equal to a set value if the discharge intensity is a discharge current of the battery; and if the discharge intensity is a discharge power of the battery, The upper limit is equal to the set value multiplied by the current discharge voltage of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 15 of the patent application scope further includes: The discharge current of the battery is limited to not exceed the set value when the current temperature is lower than the lowest temperature in the electricity meter. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 1, further comprising: if the current temperature of the battery is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter, calculating the estimated maximum discharge intensity using the maximum temperature, and then The estimated maximum discharge intensity is multiplied by a proportional value as the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature, wherein the ratio is a decreasing function of the current temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 17, further comprising: limiting the discharge power of the battery to not exceeding the current temperature when the current temperature is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter; Estimated maximum discharge intensity. The method for predicting a battery discharge output according to claim 17, further comprising: displaying a battery abnormality warning and a countdown when the current temperature is higher than a set value, wherein the set value is higher than the power meter. The highest temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 19, further comprising: limiting the discharge power of the battery to not exceed the current temperature when the current temperature is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter; The estimated maximum discharge intensity; and the discharge output of the battery is turned off at the end of the countdown. A battery discharge output prediction device includes: a memory unit that stores a power meter, wherein the power meter measures the battery in each combination of a plurality of discharge intensities and a plurality of temperatures of the battery after the battery is fully charged The electric quantity is generated by the discharge quantity, and the electric quantity meter includes a corresponding relationship between the temperature of the battery, the discharge intensity, and the discharge quantity, wherein the discharge intensity is a discharge power or a discharge current of the battery; and a battery measuring unit is coupled The battery is configured to measure a current discharge capacity of the battery, a current discharge intensity, and a current temperature; and an arithmetic unit coupled to the memory unit and the battery measurement unit, according to the current discharge power, the current discharge intensity, and the current temperature. At least one of the battery calculates an estimated discharge capacity or an estimated maximum discharge intensity of the battery based on the electricity gauge. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 21, wherein the calculating unit uses the function to indicate the temperature, the discharge intensity, and the discharged electric quantity of the battery obtained by the above-mentioned measurement; The current discharge intensity and the current temperature are substituted into the function to calculate the estimated discharge quantity, or the current discharge quantity of the battery and the current temperature are substituted into the function to calculate the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 22, wherein the function is Q = F * ρ ^{N -1} , Q is the estimated discharge capacity, F is the full charge capacity of the battery, and ρ is one The temperature coefficient, which is the function of the temperature of the battery, N is a positive integer and is proportional to the discharge intensity of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 23, wherein the memory unit stores a lookup table of the function, the lookup table includes a plurality of the temperature coefficients corresponding to a plurality of different temperatures; Calculating the temperature coefficient corresponding to the current temperature by interpolating the current temperature of the battery and the look-up table, and calculating ρ ^{N -1 in} the function for the plurality of N values according to the temperature coefficient corresponding to the current temperature, and The estimated discharge amount or the estimated maximum discharge intensity is calculated based on the plurality of ρ ^{N -1} described above. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 23, wherein if an error between an estimated value of the battery and an actual value corresponding to the estimated value is greater than a set value, the operation unit is configured according to the The actual value corrects the temperature coefficient, and the estimated value is the estimated discharge capacity or the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 25, wherein the operation unit searches for a value of the temperature coefficient that enables the estimated value to be closest to the actual value by decreasing the temperature coefficient one by one, according to the The value of the temperature coefficient is calculated from the initial value of the temperature coefficient before the decrement described above, and the temperature coefficient is corrected based on the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 21, wherein the operation unit calculates the estimated discharge amount according to the current discharge intensity of the battery, the current temperature, and the electricity amount table, or according to the battery The current discharge power, the current temperature, and the electricity gauge calculate the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 27, wherein the arithmetic unit subtracts the current discharged electric quantity from the estimated discharged electric quantity to calculate a remaining discharged electric quantity of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 27, wherein if the current discharge capacity of the battery is less than a discharge power corresponding to a maximum discharge intensity of the system of the battery, the estimated maximum discharge intensity is equal to the maximum of the system. The discharge intensity; if the current discharge capacity of the battery is greater than the discharge power corresponding to the maximum discharge intensity of the system of the battery, the operation unit calculates the estimated maximum discharge intensity by interpolation according to the electricity meter. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 27, wherein if an error between an estimated value of the battery and an actual value corresponding to the estimated value is greater than a set value, the operation unit is configured according to the The estimated value and the actual value are calculated as a gain value, and the electricity meter is corrected according to the gain value, wherein the estimated value is the estimated discharge amount or the full charge capacity of the battery. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 30, wherein the arithmetic unit multiplies each discharge electric quantity in the electric energy meter by the gain value to correct the electric energy meter. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 30, wherein the arithmetic unit multiplies each discharge electric quantity in the electric energy meter by the gain value and a value corresponding to the discharged electric quantity in a gain matrix to correct the Electricity meter. The battery discharge output prediction device of claim 21, wherein the battery measuring unit comprises: a current sensor coupled between the battery and the computing unit to measure a current discharge current of the battery a power estimation unit coupled between the current sensor and the computing unit, Calculating the current discharge capacity of the battery according to the current discharge current accumulation of the battery; and a temperature measurement unit coupled between the battery and the operation unit to measure the current temperature of the battery. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 33, wherein the current discharge intensity is the current discharge current. The battery discharge output predicting device of claim 33, wherein the battery measuring unit further comprises: a voltage measuring unit coupled to the battery to measure a current discharging voltage of the battery; and a power calculating unit And being coupled between the current sensor, the voltage measuring unit, and the computing unit, and calculating a current discharging power of the battery according to the current discharging voltage of the battery and the current discharging current, wherein the current discharging intensity is The current discharge power. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 21, wherein if the current temperature is lower than a lowest temperature in the electricity meter, the arithmetic unit sets the estimated maximum discharge intensity to an upper limit value. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 36, wherein the upper limit value is equal to a set value if the discharge intensity is a discharge current of the battery; and if the discharge intensity is a discharge power of the battery, The battery measuring unit further measures the current discharge voltage of the battery, and the upper limit value is equal to the set value multiplied by the current discharge voltage. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 37, further comprising: a battery control unit coupled to the battery and the operation unit, when the current temperature is lower than the lowest temperature in the electricity meter The discharge current of the battery is limited to not exceed this set value. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 21, wherein if the current temperature is higher than a highest temperature in the electricity meter, the operation unit calculates the estimated maximum discharge intensity using the maximum temperature, and then The estimated maximum discharge intensity is multiplied by a proportional value as the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature, which is a decreasing function of the current temperature. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 39, further comprising: a battery control unit coupled to the battery and the operation unit, when the current temperature is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter The discharge power of the battery is limited to not exceed the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature. The battery discharge output prediction device of claim 39, further comprising: a display unit coupled to the operation unit, wherein if the current temperature is higher than a set value, the display unit displays a battery abnormality warning A countdown, the set value is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 41, further comprising: a battery control unit coupled to the battery and the computing unit, the discharge power of the battery is limited to not exceed the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature when the current temperature is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter And the discharge output of the battery is cut off at the end of the countdown. A battery discharge output prediction method includes: measuring, after a battery is fully charged, a discharge quantity of the battery in each combination of a plurality of discharge intensities and a plurality of temperatures of the battery, wherein the discharge intensity is a discharge of the battery Power or discharge current; using a function to indicate the above-mentioned temperature of the battery, the relationship between the discharge intensity and the discharge capacity, wherein the function includes a temperature coefficient, the temperature coefficient of the battery The function of the above temperature; calculating the estimated discharge capacity or the estimated maximum discharge intensity of the battery according to the function; and if the error between an estimated value of the battery and an actual value corresponding to the estimated value is greater than one The set value is corrected according to the actual value, wherein the estimated value is the estimated discharge power or the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 43, wherein the step of correcting the temperature coefficient according to the actual value comprises: searching for the estimated value to be closest to the actual value by decreasing the temperature coefficient one by one a value of the temperature coefficient; calculating a gain value based on the value of the temperature coefficient and an initial value of the temperature coefficient before the decrement; and The temperature coefficient is corrected based on the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 43, further comprising: if the current temperature of the battery is lower than a lowest temperature of the battery, setting the estimated maximum discharge intensity to an upper limit value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 45, wherein if the discharge intensity is a discharge current of the battery, the upper limit value is equal to a set value; if the discharge intensity is a discharge power of the battery, The upper limit is equal to the set value multiplied by the current discharge voltage of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 46, further comprising: limiting the discharge current of the battery to not exceed the set value when the current temperature is lower than the minimum temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 43, further comprising: if the current temperature of the battery is higher than a highest temperature of the battery, the estimated maximum discharge intensity is calculated using the maximum temperature, The estimated maximum discharge intensity is then multiplied by a proportional value as the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature, wherein the ratio is a decreasing function of the current temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 48, further comprising: limiting the discharge power of the battery to when the current temperature is higher than the maximum temperature; This estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature is not exceeded. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 48, further comprising: displaying a battery abnormality warning and a countdown when the current temperature is higher than a set value, wherein the set value is higher than the maximum temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 50, further comprising: limiting the discharge power of the battery to not exceed the estimated maximum discharge corresponding to the current temperature when the current temperature is higher than the maximum temperature; Intensity; and the discharge output of the battery is cut off at the end of the countdown. A battery discharge output prediction method includes: after a battery is fully charged, measuring a discharge quantity of the battery in each combination of a plurality of discharge intensities and a plurality of temperatures of the battery to generate a electricity meter, wherein the battery The table includes a relationship between the temperature of the battery, the discharge intensity, and the discharge power, wherein the discharge intensity is a discharge power or a discharge current of the battery; and the estimated discharge capacity or the maximum estimated value of the battery is calculated according to the electricity meter. a discharge intensity; if an error between an estimated value of the battery and an actual value corresponding to the predicted value is greater than a set value, calculating a gain value according to the estimated value and the actual value, wherein the estimated value The estimated discharge capacity or the full charge capacity of the battery; and correcting the electricity gauge based on the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction method described in claim 52 of the patent application scope, The step of modifying the electricity meter according to the gain value includes multiplying each discharge amount in the electricity meter by the gain value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 52, wherein the step of modifying the electricity meter according to the gain value comprises: multiplying each discharge amount in the electricity meter by the gain value and a pair in a gain matrix The value of the amount of electricity that should be discharged. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 52, further comprising: if the current temperature of the battery is lower than a lowest temperature in the electricity meter, setting the estimated maximum discharge intensity to an upper limit value. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 55, wherein the upper limit value is equal to a set value if the discharge intensity is a discharge current of the battery; and if the discharge intensity is a discharge power of the battery, The upper limit is equal to the set value multiplied by the current discharge voltage of the battery. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 56, further comprising: limiting the discharge current of the battery to not exceed the set value when the current temperature is lower than the minimum temperature. The method for predicting a battery discharge output according to claim 52, further comprising: if the current temperature of the battery is higher than a maximum temperature in the electricity meter, calculating the estimated maximum discharge intensity using the maximum temperature, and then Estimated maximum discharge intensity A proportional value is multiplied as the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature, wherein the ratio is a decreasing function of the current temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 58, further comprising: limiting the discharge power of the battery to not exceed the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature when the current temperature is higher than the maximum temperature; . The battery discharge output prediction method of claim 58, further comprising: displaying a battery abnormality warning and a countdown when the current temperature is higher than a set value, wherein the set value is higher than the maximum temperature. The battery discharge output prediction method according to claim 60, further comprising: limiting the discharge power of the battery to not exceed the estimated maximum discharge corresponding to the current temperature when the current temperature is higher than the maximum temperature; Intensity; and the discharge output of the battery is cut off at the end of the countdown. A battery discharge output prediction device includes: a memory unit that stores a power meter, wherein the power meter measures the battery in each combination of a plurality of discharge intensities and a plurality of temperatures of the battery after the battery is fully charged The electric quantity is generated by the discharge quantity, and the electric quantity meter includes a corresponding relationship between the temperature of the battery, the discharge intensity, and the discharge quantity, wherein the discharge intensity is a discharge power or a discharge current of the battery; and a battery measuring unit is coupled The battery, measuring the current discharge capacity of the battery, Current discharge intensity and current temperature; an arithmetic unit coupled to the memory unit and the battery measuring unit, calculating an estimated maximum discharge intensity of the battery according to the current discharge power, the current temperature, and the electricity meter; and a display unit And coupling the operation unit to display the current discharge intensity and the estimated maximum discharge intensity. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 62, wherein the display unit displays a discharge intensity table including the current discharge intensity, the estimated maximum discharge intensity, and a maximum discharge of the system of the battery. In the discharge intensity table, the first portion that is less than the estimated maximum discharge intensity is displayed in a first color, and the second portion that is greater than the estimated maximum discharge intensity and less than the maximum discharge intensity of the system is displayed in a second color. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 63, wherein if the current temperature is lower than a lowest temperature in the electricity meter, the operation unit sets the estimated maximum discharge intensity to an upper limit value, and The display unit displays the second portion of the discharge intensity meter in a third color. The battery discharge output predicting device according to claim 64, wherein the upper limit value is equal to a set value if the discharge intensity is a discharge current of the battery; and if the discharge intensity is a discharge power of the battery, The battery measuring unit further measures the current discharge voltage of the battery, and the upper limit value is equal to the set value multiplied by the current discharge voltage. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 65 of the patent application scope, The method further includes: a battery control unit coupled to the battery and the computing unit to limit the discharge current of the battery to not exceed the set value when the current temperature is lower than the lowest temperature in the electricity meter. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 63, wherein if the current temperature is higher than a highest temperature in the electricity meter, the operation unit calculates the estimated maximum discharge intensity using the maximum temperature, and then The estimated maximum discharge intensity is multiplied by a proportional value as the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature, the ratio is a decreasing function of the current temperature, and the display unit displays the discharge intensity table in a fourth color The second part. The battery discharge output prediction device of claim 67, further comprising: a battery control unit coupled to the battery and the operation unit, when the current temperature is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter The discharge power of the battery is limited to not exceed the estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 67, wherein if the current temperature is higher than a set value, the display unit displays a battery abnormality warning and a countdown time, and the set value is higher than the power consumption meter. The highest temperature. The battery discharge output prediction device of claim 69, further comprising: a battery control unit coupled to the battery and the operation unit, when the current temperature is higher than the highest temperature in the electricity meter The discharge power of the battery is limited to no more than The estimated maximum discharge intensity corresponding to the current temperature is output, and the discharge output of the battery is cut off at the end of the countdown. The battery discharge output prediction device according to claim 62, wherein the operation unit calculates an estimated discharge amount of the battery according to the current discharge intensity, the current temperature, and the electricity amount; if the estimated discharge capacity is greater than The current discharge quantity, the operation unit subtracts the current discharge quantity from the estimated discharge quantity to calculate the remaining discharge quantity of the battery, and the display unit displays the remaining discharge quantity.