TW201320139A - Relay driving circuit - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明係有關於一種驅動電路,特別是指一種繼電器驅動電路。
The present invention relates to a driving circuit, and more particularly to a relay driving circuit.
按,電子裝置在一些特定的應用中,基於安全上的考量,必須將輸出迴路和電子裝置完全斷開,以市電併聯型太陽能發電系統為例,因為發電系統輸出和市電併聯,所以,當發生安全性疑慮或發電系統異常故障時,必須迅速將發電系統和市電隔離,因此發電系統和市電之間的併聯開關裝置必須有能力將市電之火線及地線同時斷開,並且提供足夠高的電氣隔離,以避免系統和人員發生危險。
基於上述,現今業者係提供繼電器來解決上述的問題,繼電器可以提供足夠高的絕緣阻抗,及相對於半導體電子開關更高的操作穩定性及可靠度,甚至在一些國際安全規範中,明訂機械式繼電器是必備的安全裝置,並考量安全性的備援(redundancy),必須有2組以上保護迴路,可以獨立的將市電之火線與地線同時斷開,以單相系統為例,需要4顆繼電器,而3相系統中甚至需要多達12顆繼電器,因此,繼電器的性能,往往左右該系統的使用壽命及可靠度,而這其中的關鍵在於繼電器的功率損耗及線圈操作溫度。
現今一般對於降低繼電器功率損耗的作法有數種,首先,第一種作法為使用電阻串聯繼電器線圈來達到降低線圈電壓,其動作原理為當繼電器線圈開始導通瞬間,因為電容電壓還未建立,所以繼電器之線圈電壓將等於驅動電壓,之後隨著電容電壓的上升,線圈電壓亦隨之降低,直到線圈電壓及電流達到平衡後電路進入穩態,此時線圈電壓將等於驅動電壓減去電阻上的跨壓,因為線圈電壓的降低使得繼電器功率損耗可以減少,就電路設計的考量,電阻值的選取必須在線圈最低保持電壓(即繼電器維持接點閉合的最低電壓)及線圈功率損耗之間作取捨,當電阻越大時,線圈電壓將會越低,但過低的線圈電壓會使得簧片接觸阻抗越大甚至使得接點斷開,此種作法雖然簡單但仍會有電阻損耗的問題,所以僅對繼電器功率損耗降低有幫助,對於系統整體損耗並無太大的助益。
第二種降低線圈功率損耗的作法是藉由外加一較低保持電壓來達到這樣的目的,如同先前的假設電容在繼電器導通前不具有電荷,因此當驅動訊號使得繼電器導通瞬間,其線圈電壓將等於驅動電壓,此相較於保持電壓更高的電位將促使繼電器迅速導通,緊接著電容逐漸儲能,線圈電壓漸漸降低,直到線圈電壓被保持電壓嵌位住,保持電壓必須較線圈電壓最低保持電壓高,才能使繼電器維持接點閉合狀態,相較於第一種串聯電阻驅動的作法,少了電阻的損耗且僅需考量保持電壓電位的大小,但缺點是需新增一組電源將增加電路的成本與複雜度。
再另一種降低線圈功率損耗的驅動方式是在原本驅動迴路上增加一高頻開關,若我們定義高頻開關的導通時間對應切換週期的比率為工作週期,如此,改變工作週期將等於改變繼電器驅動電流,藉由降低驅動的平均電流來達到降低功率損耗的目的,此種驅動方式雖然簡單易於調整,但需要增加一高頻訊號產生電路而增加電路的成本與複雜度。
有鑑於此,本發明提出一種繼電器驅動電路,其改善習知驅動電路之問題,減少電路複雜度並降低繼電器線圈之功率損耗,提高繼電器使用壽命及可靠度。
According to the electronic device, in some specific applications, based on safety considerations, the output circuit and the electronic device must be completely disconnected. Take the commercial parallel power generation system as an example, because the output of the power generation system is connected in parallel with the commercial power, so when In the case of safety concerns or abnormal power system failure, the power generation system must be quickly isolated from the mains. Therefore, the parallel switching device between the power generation system and the mains must have the ability to disconnect the mains and ground wires at the same time and provide a sufficiently high electrical Isolation to avoid danger to systems and personnel.
Based on the above, today's operators provide relays to solve the above problems. Relays can provide high enough insulation resistance and higher operational stability and reliability relative to semiconductor electronic switches. Even in some international safety regulations, the ordering machinery The relay is an indispensable safety device, and considering the redundancy of the safety, there must be more than two sets of protection circuits, which can independently disconnect the live line and the ground line at the same time. For the single-phase system, for example, 4 There are even 12 relays in a 3-phase system. Therefore, the performance of the relay often affects the service life and reliability of the system. The key to this is the power loss of the relay and the operating temperature of the coil.
Nowadays, there are several ways to reduce the power loss of the relay. First, the first method is to use a series relay of the resistor to reduce the coil voltage. The principle of operation is that when the relay coil starts to conduct, because the capacitor voltage has not been established, the relay The coil voltage will be equal to the drive voltage, and then as the capacitor voltage rises, the coil voltage will also decrease until the coil voltage and current reach equilibrium and the circuit enters a steady state. At this time, the coil voltage will be equal to the drive voltage minus the crossover on the resistor. Pressure, because the reduction of the coil voltage makes the relay power loss can be reduced. In terms of circuit design considerations, the choice of the resistance value must be chosen between the minimum holding voltage of the coil (ie, the lowest voltage at which the relay maintains the contact closure) and the coil power loss. When the resistance is larger, the coil voltage will be lower, but the coil voltage that is too low will make the reed contact impedance larger or even cause the contact to be disconnected. Although this method is simple, there is still a problem of resistance loss, so only It helps to reduce the power loss of the relay, and the overall loss of the system Much help.
The second method of reducing the power loss of the coil is to achieve this by applying a lower holding voltage. As in the previous assumption, the capacitor does not have a charge before the relay is turned on. Therefore, when the driving signal causes the relay to be turned on, the coil voltage will be Equal to the driving voltage, this higher potential than the holding voltage will cause the relay to conduct quickly, and then the capacitor gradually stores energy, the coil voltage gradually decreases until the coil voltage is clamped by the holding voltage, and the holding voltage must be kept lower than the coil voltage. The high voltage allows the relay to maintain the contact closure state. Compared to the first series resistor drive, the loss of the resistor is reduced and only the voltage potential is maintained. However, the disadvantage is that a new set of power supplies will be added. The cost and complexity of the circuit.
Another driving method to reduce the power loss of the coil is to add a high frequency switch to the original drive circuit. If we define the on time of the high frequency switch corresponding to the switching period as the duty cycle, then changing the duty cycle will be equal to changing the relay drive. The current reduces the power loss by reducing the average current of the driving. Although the driving method is simple and easy to adjust, it is necessary to add a high-frequency signal generating circuit to increase the cost and complexity of the circuit.
In view of this, the present invention provides a relay driving circuit that improves the problems of the conventional driving circuit, reduces the circuit complexity, reduces the power loss of the relay coil, and improves the service life and reliability of the relay.
本發明之主要目的,在於提供一種低功率損耗繼電器驅動電路,利用本發明所提出的方法降低線圈電壓,並進而減少繼電器線圈功率消耗與操作溫度,來達到提高繼電器使用壽命及可靠度的目地。
本發明係提供一種繼電器驅動電路,其包含複數繼電器、一開關控制電路與一驅動控制電路。該些繼電器之線圈耦接一電源,且該些繼電器之線圈相互耦接;開關控制電路耦接第二繼電器與一參考電位,並依據一驅動訊號控制該些繼電器之線圈導通/截止;驅動控制電路耦接該些繼電器,並控制該些繼電器激磁(線圈通過電流產生磁力)狀態,利用N個繼電器線圈串接驅動電源,繼電器線圈電壓將均分驅動電壓的特性,來使得單一繼電器線圈電壓準位將等於N分之一該驅動電壓,其中N為該些繼電器之數量。藉此降低繼電器激磁線圈之功率損耗,進一步提高繼電器使用壽命及可靠度。
茲為使 貴審查委員對本發明之結構特徵及所達成之功效更有進一步之瞭解與認識,謹佐以較佳之實施例圖及配合詳細之說明,說明如後:
The main object of the present invention is to provide a low power loss relay driving circuit, which utilizes the method proposed by the present invention to reduce the coil voltage and thereby reduce the power consumption and operating temperature of the relay coil to achieve the purpose of improving the service life and reliability of the relay.
The invention provides a relay driving circuit comprising a plurality of relays, a switch control circuit and a drive control circuit. The coils of the relays are coupled to a power source, and the coils of the relays are coupled to each other; the switch control circuit is coupled to the second relay and a reference potential, and controls the coils of the relays to be turned on/off according to a driving signal; driving control The circuit is coupled to the relays, and controls the states of the relays (the coils generate magnetic force by current), and the N relay coils are connected in series to drive the power, and the relay coil voltages are equally divided into driving voltage characteristics to make the single relay coils The bit will be equal to one-ninth of the drive voltage, where N is the number of these relays. Thereby reducing the power loss of the relay excitation coil, further improving the service life and reliability of the relay.
In order to give the review board members a better understanding and understanding of the structural features and the efficacies of the present invention, please refer to the preferred embodiment diagrams and the detailed descriptions as follows:
請參閱第一A圖與第一B圖,其為本發明之一實施例之電路圖及波形示意圖。如圖所示,本發明之繼電器驅動電路10係包含複數繼電器、一驅動控制電路12與一開關控制電路14,其中本實施例之該些繼電器係以一第一繼電器Rly1、一第二繼電器Rly2作為舉例說明。驅動控制電路12包含一第一開關單元Q1、一第二開關單元Q2、一電容C1與一偏壓單元122,其中偏壓單元122包含複數電阻R2、R3、R4;開關控制電路14包含一第三開關單元Q3與一電阻R1。此外,本實施例之驅動電路更進一步包含一第一二極體D1與一第二二極體D2。
第二極體D2陽極及第二開關單元Q2之第三端(射極)連接驅動電源Vdd,第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈串接,由第一繼電器Rly1耦接至第二二極體D2之陰極及電容器C1,並由第二繼電器Rly2經第三開關單元Q3連接到一參考電位(本實施例為一接地電位)達成串聯驅動的作用;驅動控制電路12耦接第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2,其中,電容C1係耦接至第一繼電器Rly1與第一開關單元Q1之一第二端(汲極),偏壓單元122之電阻R2、R3耦接開關控制電路14,亦即耦接至第三開關單元Q3之第三端(集極),第一開關單元Q1之一第一端(閘極)耦接偏壓單元122之電阻R2、R3之間,第一開關單元Q1之一第三端(源極)耦接偏壓單元122之電阻R3及參考電位,第二開關單元Q2之一第一端耦接至偏壓單元122之電阻R4,第三開關單元Q3之一第二端(集極)耦接至第二繼電器Rly2,第二開關單元Q2之一第二端(集極)耦接至電容C1與第一開關單元Q1之間。
承接上述,開關控制電路14耦接該第二繼電器與一參考電位,並依據一驅動訊號Vdr控制第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之導通/截止,其中,電阻R1係一端接收一驅動訊號以及另一端耦接第三開關單元Q3之一第一端(基極),第三開關單元Q3之一第二端(集極)耦接第二繼電器Rly2,第三開關單元Q3之一第三端(射極)耦接至參考電位。此外,本實施例之驅動控制電路12為一倍壓電路,偏壓單元122、第一開關單元Q1、第二開關單元Q2與電容C1,利用充電幫浦(charge pump)的原理,將暫態驅動電壓提升為驅動電壓Vdd的2倍,亦即讓節點電壓VB之暫態電壓呈現2倍驅動電壓Vdd。
再者,第一二極體D1為飛輪二極體(freewheeling diode),其一端耦接第一繼電器Rly1之線圈,第一二極體D1之另一端耦接第二繼電器Rly2之線圈,以提供一路徑在第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈於截止瞬間將線圈之儲能釋放,避免線圈於瞬間電流di/dt的能量所產生之高壓超過第三開關單元Q3之電壓額定而燒燬,第二二極體D2 為一阻隔二極體(blocking diode),其一端耦接至該驅動電源Vdd與該驅動控制電路12,而另一端耦接至該第一繼電器Rly1,其作用為使得驅動控制電路12在暫態驅動期間可以將驅動電壓Vdd和第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈隔開。
在驅動訊號Vdr還未產生時,驅動訊號Vdr之電壓係保持在低位準,此時第三開關單元Q3截止,第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈無法對驅動電壓Vdd構成迴路,所以視同斷路;第三開關單元Q3之集極(collector)之電壓係相當於驅動電壓Vdd,透過偏壓單元122之電阻R2、R3使第一開關單元Q1導通,如此驅動電壓Vdr將透過第二二極體D2、電容C1、第一開關單元Q1構成一迴路,驅動電壓Vdd將對電容C1儲能,直到電容C1之電壓等於驅動電位Vdd,第一開關單元Q1之導通期間也因為第三開關單元Q3之汲極的高位準使得Q2截止,當電容C1儲能完畢後所有原件都保持在截止狀態,此時驅動電路10將無任何損耗。
接續上述,直到驅動訊號Vdr由低凖位轉態到高準位,第三開關單元Q3將隨之導通,此時第三開關單元Q3之汲極電位由原先驅動電壓準位Vdd逐漸降低到第三開關單元Q3飽和電位Vce(sat),期間將匹配偏壓單元122之電阻R2、R3及R4使得第三開關單元Q3導通時,第一開關單元Q1之導通量逐漸降低而原先截止的第二開關單元Q2之導通量逐漸增加,直到第一開關單元Q1完全截止,而第二開關單元Q2完全導通,此時第二開關單元Q2進入飽和狀態,第二開關單元Q2之射集極電位Vec維持飽和電壓Vec(sat)約為0.2~0.3V, 由回路的關係得知此時第二開關單元Q2的汲極為Vdd-Vec(sat),如前所敘前一個狀態電容C1的穩態電壓為Vdd。
如第一B圖所示,節點電壓VB的電位在驅動訊號Vdr由低凖位轉態到高準位瞬間,將等於電容C1的穩態電壓加上第二開關單元Q2的汲極電壓為2Vdd-Vec(sat),若不考慮飽和電壓,節點電壓VB將等於驅動電壓Vdd的2倍電壓,因線圈經第三開關單元Q3串接到地,所以第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈電壓Vcoil在導通瞬間分別約等於驅動電位Vdd。在電路設計時,驅動電壓Vdd的選取必須滿足大於等於激磁線圈最低動作電壓(即足夠讓繼電器線圈激磁,接點導通的電壓),方能使得此串聯驅動迴路得以動作,因此讓第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈激磁而閉合簧片。第二二極體D2的作用為阻隔電容C1的能量灌回驅動電源Vdd,在第二二極體D2截止期間,電容C1的儲能不斷釋放能量至第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2,隨著電容C1所釋放之能量的不斷減少,節點電壓VB之電壓值亦隨之逐漸下降,直到電容C1的儲能釋放完畢時,第二二極體D2即會進入導通狀態,同時,節點電壓VB約略等於驅動電壓Vdd,若不考慮第三開關單元Q3的飽和電壓,第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈電壓Vcoil分別約等於Vdd/2,隨後驅動電路進入穩態,第三開關單元Q3維持導通,而第二開關單元Q2與第一開關單元 Q1保持截止,此時驅動控制電路12將無任何功率損耗,在電路設計時,必需確保Vdd/2大於等於繼電器最低保持電壓方可維持繼電器接點導通,直到驅動訊號Vdr之狀態改變,才會重複前敘動作。如此,用以降低繼電器Rly1、Rly2之線圈穩態功率消耗,因而降低繼電器Rly1、Rly2之線圈的溫度,提高繼電器使用壽命及可靠度。
上敘實例為2個繼電器Rly1、Rly2激磁線圈串聯,並搭配驅動控制電路12,亦即倍壓電路,來完成繼電器Rly1、Rly2的驅動迴路,但基於同樣的精神,本實施例可以拓展到單一或複數個繼電器激磁線圈串聯的應用。
請參閱第二A圖與第二B圖,其為本發明之另一實施例之電路圖與波形示意圖。如圖所示,本發明之繼電器驅動電路20係包含一第一繼電器Rly1、一第二繼電器Rly2、一開關控制電路22與一驅動控制電路24。開關控制電路22包含一第一開關單元Q1與一電阻R1;驅動控制電路24包含一第二開關單元Q2、一第三開關單元Q3與一偏壓單元242以及一電阻R2,其中偏壓單元242包含複數電阻R3、R4。此外,本實施例之驅動電路20更進一步包含一第一二極體D1。
第一繼電器Rly1接收電源之驅動電壓Vdd,第二繼電器Rly2耦接第一繼電器Rly1;開關控制電路22耦接第二繼電器Rly2與一參考電位,依據一驅動訊號Vdr控制第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之導通/截止,其中,電阻R1係耦接驅動訊號Vdr,第一開關單元Q1之一第一端係耦接電阻R1,第一開關單元Q1之一第二端係耦接第二繼電器Rly2,第一開關單元Q1之一第三端(射極)係耦接至一參考電位,因此第一開關單元Q1依據驅動訊號Vdr控制第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之導通/截止;驅動控制電路24耦接第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2,其中,偏壓單元242之電阻R3之一端耦接驅動電壓Vdd,第二開關單元Q2之一第一端(基極)係耦接偏壓單元242之偏壓單元242之電阻R3與電阻R4之間,第二開關單元Q2之一第二端耦接驅動電源Vdd與第一繼電器Rly1,第二開關單元Q2之一第三端耦接第二繼電器Rly2;第三開關單元Q3之一第一端係經電阻R2接收一控制訊號Vps,第三開關單元Q3之一第二端耦接第一繼電器Rly1與偏壓單元242之電阻R4之另一端,第三開關單元Q3之一第三端耦接至該參考電位,且第二開關單元Q2與第三開關單元Q3依據控制訊號Vps驅使第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2形成一串聯電路或一並聯電路。
第一繼電器Rly1、第一二極體D1、第二繼電器Rly2與第一開關單元Q1形成串聯之電性連接,此外,第一繼電器Rly1、第二繼電器Rly2之間連接第一二極體D1,以達到穩態的需求。驅動控制電路24,即第二開關單元Q2與偏壓單元242之電阻R3 R4以及第三開關單元Q3 與電阻R2形成一個變換繼電器激磁線圈組態的機制,並搭配驅動訊號Vdr及控制訊號Vps,來達到瞬間暫態激磁驅動,穩態降壓保持的目的。
首先將如同前一個實例的假設,驅動開始前驅動訊號及控制訊號維持低位準,因此第一開關單元Q1、第二開關單元 Q2與第三開關單元Q3保持截止,直到驅動訊號Vdr及控制訊號Vps轉態為高準位,此時第一開關單元Q1及第三開關單元Q3 導通,又因第三開關單元Q3之第二端和偏壓單元242之電阻R4連接,所以第三開關單元Q3之第二端於導通時的低準位電壓驅使第二開關單元Q2也導通,由於並聯迴路的關係,可獲得第一繼電器Rly1之線圈電壓為驅動電壓vdd減去第三開關單元Q3之飽和電壓Vce(sat),若忽略飽和電壓可以得到第一繼電器Rly1之線圈電壓等於驅動電壓Vdd;同理,由於第二開關單元Q2及第一開關單元Q1的導通,第二繼電器Rly2 線圈電壓等於驅動電壓Vdd減去第二開關單元Q2與第一開關單元 Q1的飽和電壓Vec(sat) 及Vce(sat),忽略飽和電壓同樣可以得到,第二繼電器Rly2 線圈電壓等於驅動電壓Vdd,因此在這個階段第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈等於和驅動電壓並聯,其中,驅動電壓Vdd至少必須大於繼電器最低動作電壓,才可以達到驅動的作用,線圈將被激磁,以閉合簧片。待繼電器Rly1、Rly2激磁,簧片閉合後,控制訊號Vps將由高準位轉態為低準位,第三開關單元Q3將隨之截止,此時適當選取偏壓單元242之電阻R3 R4 使得第二開關單元Q2在第三開關單元Q3截止後隨之截止,因此繼電器Rly1、Rly2之磁線圈由並聯電路的狀態回復到串聯電路的狀態,此時繼電器Rly1、Rly2之線圈電壓將均分驅動電壓Vdd,以此例來說繼電器Rly1、Rly2之線圈電壓將等於驅動電壓Vdd的一半,確保此電壓大於等於繼電器最低保持電壓,將可使接點維此導通,藉由降低線圈穩態電壓來達到降低繼電器Rly1、Rly2之線圈功率消耗,因而降低繼電器Rly1、Rly2之線圈溫度,提高繼電器使用壽命及可靠度。
如第二B圖所示,為開關控制電路驅動訊號Vdr及驅動控制電路控制訊號Vps,所對應的相位示意圖。
請參閱第三A圖與第三B圖,為本發明之另一實施例之電路圖與波形示意圖。其中第二A圖與第三A圖之差異在於第二A圖之第三開關單元Q3經電阻R2耦接一控制訊號Vps,第三A圖之第三開關單元Q3耦接一時間控制單元36。如圖所示,本發明之繼電器驅動電路30係包含一第一繼電器Rly1、一第二繼電器Rly2、一開關控制電路32與一驅動控制電路34。開關控制電路32包含一第一開關單元Q1與一電阻R1;驅動控制電路34包含一第二開關單元Q2、一第三開關單元Q3與一偏壓單元342,其中偏壓單元342包含複數電阻R3、R4;時間控制單元36包含電容C1與複數電阻R2、R5。此外,本實施例之驅動電路20更進一步包含一第一二極體D1。
本實施例之第一繼電器Rly1、第二繼電器Rly2與開關控制電路32同於前一實施例之第一繼電器Rly1、第二繼電器Rly2與開關控制電路22,因此本實施例對於連接關係不再贅述;驅動控制電路耦接第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2,其中,偏壓單元342耦接驅動電源Vdd,第二開關單元Q2之一第一端係耦接偏壓單元342,第二開關單元Q2之一第二端耦接驅動電源Vdd與第一繼電器Rly1,第二開關單元Q2之一第三端耦接第二繼電器Rly2及第一二極體陰極,第三開關單元Q3之一第一端係耦接時間控制單元36,亦即第三開關單元Q3之第一端耦接電阻R2、R5及電容C1,而電容C1耦接至驅動訊號Vdr,因此時間控制單元36依據驅動訊號Vdr產生一時間控制訊號,其即為電阻R2、R5所產生之一基射極電位Vbe,以供控制第三開關單元Q3,第三開關單元Q3之一第二端耦接第一繼電器Rly1、第一二極體陽極與偏壓單元342,第三開關單元Q3之一第三端耦接至參考電位,第二開關單元Q2與第三開關單元Q3依據時間控制訊號驅使第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2形成一串聯電路或一並聯電路。
再者,本實施例之繼電器驅動電路30為本發明之另一個應用,其主要整合前一實施例之驅動訊號Vbr及控制訊號Vps,因此本實施例之繼電器驅動電路30僅需一個驅動訊號Vbr,即可達到暫態快速驅動,穩態降壓維持的目的,圖中新增的電容C1在驅動初期提供一個路徑使得第三開關單元Q3可以同步與第一開關單元Q1同時導通,此時線圈等效為併聯驅動,線圈電壓為Vdd,而後驅動訊號將經由R2 R5對電容C1儲能,隨著能量的上升,第三開關單元Q3 基射極電位Vbe將隨著下降,直到第三開關單元Q3截止,如同以上的敘述第二開關單元Q2將隨之截止,那麼此時第一繼電器Rly1與第二繼電器Rly2之線圈回復為串聯驅動,藉由調整電容C1的電容值可以調整線圈由併聯回復到串連的時間。
第三B圖所示,為開關控制電路驅動訊號Vdr,第三開關單元Q3第一端點對應參考準位的電壓Vbe及線圈電壓Rly coil,所對應的相位示意圖。
由以上實施例可知,繼電器在驅動初期時以一較高的驅動電壓,亦即驅動電壓Vdd,使得繼電器之線圈迅速激磁,以吸引繼電器之簧片立刻閉合,隨後利用繼電器激磁線圈串聯的特性,來均分驅動電壓,使得激磁後之線圈電壓降低,以上所述之繼電器驅動電路皆以二繼電器之線圈串聯為例,但本發明不限於此,更可為更多組繼電器之線圈串聯使用,穩態之後線圈電壓可有效降低,以上所述之實施例即降低為驅動電壓Vdd的一半,假設將激磁線圈以電阻R來等效,繼電器於激磁時之線圈功率損耗等於Vdd2/R,而激磁後之線圈電壓降低,使線圈電壓降低至驅動電壓的一半,可以使得功率耗損僅剩原來損耗的1/4,所以可以大幅度降低線圈的溫度,因此本發明具減少繼電器及系統的功率損耗,降低繼電器線圈操作溫度,增加繼電器的使用壽命等優點,且不需另外付出成本增加一組保持電位,也不需額外的控制器產生高頻驅動迴路。
以上實施例係以二繼電器Rly1、Rly2做為舉例說明,但本發明不限於此,更可視需求增加繼電器之數量,亦即繼電器之數量可設為N,且N大於1,驅動控制電路係控制該些繼電器線圈的電壓準位,於導通瞬間提供足夠高的能量激磁線圈閉合簧片,隨後利用上敘所闡述的原理,使得線圈電壓降低為N分之一驅動電壓,達到降低功率損耗的目的。
綜上所述,本發明為一種繼電器驅動電路,其利用驅動控制電路提供較高之電壓至第一繼電器線圈與第二繼電器線圈所形成的串聯迴路,或使驅動電壓與第一繼電器及第二繼電器之線圈形成並聯迴路,以讓第一繼電器與第二繼電器之線圈瞬間激磁,並隨後降低第一繼電器與第二繼電器之線圈電壓,以降低第一繼電器與第二繼電器之線圈功率損耗,進而降低第一繼電器與第二繼電器之線圈溫度,以提高第一繼電器與第二繼電器之使用壽命與可靠度。
雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非用以限定本發明,任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍內,當可作些許之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 2B, which are circuit diagrams and waveform diagrams of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the relay driving circuit 10 of the present invention comprises a plurality of relays, a driving control circuit 12 and a switch control circuit 14. The relays of the embodiment are a first relay Rly1 and a second relay Rly2. As an example. The driving control circuit 12 includes a first switching unit Q1, a second switching unit Q2, a capacitor C1 and a biasing unit 122, wherein the biasing unit 122 includes a plurality of resistors R2, R3, and R4; and the switch control circuit 14 includes a first The three-switch unit Q3 is coupled to a resistor R1. In addition, the driving circuit of this embodiment further includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.
The anode of the second pole body D2 and the third end (emitter) of the second switch unit Q2 are connected to the driving power source Vdd, and the coils of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 are connected in series, and the first relay Rly1 is coupled to the second second The cathode of the pole D2 and the capacitor C1 are connected to a reference potential (in this embodiment, a ground potential) by the second relay Rly2 via the third switching unit Q3 to achieve a series driving function; the driving control circuit 12 is coupled to the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2, wherein the capacitor C1 is coupled to the first relay Rly1 and the second end (drain) of the first switching unit Q1, and the resistors R2 and R3 of the biasing unit 122 are coupled to the switch control circuit 14 , that is, coupled to the third end (collector) of the third switching unit Q3, the first end (gate) of the first switching unit Q1 is coupled between the resistors R2 and R3 of the biasing unit 122, first The third end (source) of the switch unit Q1 is coupled to the resistor R3 of the bias unit 122 and the reference potential. The first end of the second switch unit Q2 is coupled to the resistor R4 of the bias unit 122. The third switch unit One of the second ends (collectors) of Q3 is coupled to the second relay Rly2, and the second of the second switching units Q2 is second. The terminal (collector) is coupled between the capacitor C1 and the first switching unit Q1.
In response to the above, the switch control circuit 14 is coupled to the second relay and a reference potential, and controls the on/off of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 according to a driving signal Vdr, wherein the resistor R1 receives a driving signal at one end and The other end is coupled to a first end (base) of the third switching unit Q3, and the second end (collector) of the third switching unit Q3 is coupled to the second relay Rly2, and the third end of the third switching unit Q3 (Emitter) is coupled to the reference potential. In addition, the driving control circuit 12 of the embodiment is a voltage doubling circuit, and the biasing unit 122, the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2 and the capacitor C1 are temporarily charged by the principle of a charge pump. The state driving voltage is boosted to twice the driving voltage Vdd, that is, the transient voltage of the node voltage VB is twice the driving voltage Vdd.
Furthermore, the first diode D1 is a freewheeling diode, one end of which is coupled to the coil of the first relay Rly1, and the other end of the first diode D1 is coupled to the coil of the second relay Rly2 to provide A coil of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 releases the energy storage of the coil at the moment of the cutoff, and the high voltage generated by the energy of the coil at the instantaneous current di/dt is prevented from being burned by the voltage rating of the third switching unit Q3. The second diode D2 is a b-shaped diode , one end of which is coupled to the driving power source Vdd and the driving control circuit 12, and the other end of which is coupled to the first relay Rly1, The drive control circuit 12 can separate the drive voltage Vdd from the first relay Rly1 and the coil of the second relay Rly2 during the transient drive.
When the driving signal Vdr has not been generated, the voltage of the driving signal Vdr is kept at a low level. At this time, the third switching unit Q3 is turned off, and the coils of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 cannot form a loop for the driving voltage Vdd, so The voltage of the collector of the third switching unit Q3 is equivalent to the driving voltage Vdd, and the first switching unit Q1 is turned on by the resistors R2 and R3 of the biasing unit 122, so that the driving voltage Vdr will pass through the second The polar body D2, the capacitor C1, and the first switching unit Q1 constitute a loop, and the driving voltage Vdd will store the capacitor C1 until the voltage of the capacitor C1 is equal to the driving potential Vdd, and the first switching unit Q1 is also turned on because of the third switching unit. The high level of the bucks of Q3 causes Q2 to be turned off. When the capacitor C1 is stored, all the originals remain in the off state, and the drive circuit 10 will have no loss.
After the above, until the driving signal Vdr is switched from the low clamp to the high level, the third switching unit Q3 will be turned on, and the drain potential of the third switching unit Q3 is gradually reduced from the original driving voltage level Vdd to the first The three switching unit Q3 saturates the potential Vce(sat), and during the matching of the resistors R2, R3 and R4 of the biasing unit 122, when the third switching unit Q3 is turned on, the conduction current of the first switching unit Q1 gradually decreases and the second one is turned off. The conduction flux of the switching unit Q2 is gradually increased until the first switching unit Q1 is completely turned off, and the second switching unit Q2 is completely turned on, at which time the second switching unit Q2 enters a saturated state, and the collector potential Vec of the second switching unit Q2 is maintained. The saturation voltage Vec(sat) is about 0.2~0.3V. It is known from the relationship of the loop that the 开关 of the second switching unit Q2 is extremely Vdd-Vec(sat), as described above, the steady state voltage of the previous state capacitor C1 is Vdd.
As shown in FIG. B, the potential of the node voltage VB is equal to the steady state voltage of the capacitor C1 and the drain voltage of the second switching unit Q2 is 2Vdd when the driving signal Vdr is switched from the low clamp state to the high level. -Vec(sat), if the saturation voltage is not considered, the node voltage VB will be equal to twice the voltage of the driving voltage Vdd. Since the coil is connected to the ground via the third switching unit Q3, the coils of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 The voltage Vcoil is approximately equal to the driving potential Vdd at the turn-on instant. In the circuit design, the driving voltage Vdd must be selected to meet the minimum operating voltage of the exciting coil (ie, the voltage of the relay coil is excited, the contact is turned on), so that the series driving circuit can be operated, so the first relay Rly1 The coil of the second relay Rly2 is energized to close the reed. The function of the second diode D2 is to charge the energy of the blocking capacitor C1 to the driving power source Vdd. During the off period of the second diode D2, the energy storage of the capacitor C1 continuously releases energy to the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2. As the energy released by the capacitor C1 decreases, the voltage value of the node voltage VB gradually decreases. Until the energy storage of the capacitor C1 is released, the second diode D2 enters an on state, and at the same time, the node voltage VB. It is approximately equal to the driving voltage Vdd. If the saturation voltage of the third switching unit Q3 is not considered, the coil voltage Vcoil of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 is respectively equal to Vdd/2, and then the driving circuit enters the steady state, and the third switching unit Q3 The conduction is maintained, and the second switching unit Q2 and the first switching unit Q1 are kept off. At this time, the driving control circuit 12 will not have any power loss. In the circuit design, it is necessary to ensure that the Vdd/2 is greater than or equal to the minimum holding voltage of the relay to maintain the relay. The contact is turned on until the state of the drive signal Vdr changes, and the pre-synchronization action is repeated. In this way, the steady-state power consumption of the coils of the relays Rly1 and Rly2 is reduced, thereby reducing the temperature of the coils of the relays Rly1 and Rly2, and improving the service life and reliability of the relay.
In the above example, the two relays Rly1 and Rly2 are connected in series with the excitation coils, and the drive control circuit 12, that is, the voltage doubler circuit, is used to complete the drive circuits of the relays Rly1 and Rly2. However, based on the same spirit, the embodiment can be extended to Single or multiple relays are used in series with excitation coils.
Please refer to FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B, which are circuit diagrams and waveform diagrams of another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the relay driving circuit 20 of the present invention comprises a first relay Rly1, a second relay Rly2, a switch control circuit 22 and a drive control circuit 24. The switch control circuit 22 includes a first switch unit Q1 and a resistor R1. The drive control circuit 24 includes a second switch unit Q2, a third switch unit Q3 and a bias unit 242, and a resistor R2. Contains complex resistors R3, R4. In addition, the driving circuit 20 of the embodiment further includes a first diode D1.
The first relay Rly1 receives the driving voltage Vdd of the power source, the second relay Rly2 is coupled to the first relay Rly1, the switch control circuit 22 is coupled to the second relay Rly2 and a reference potential, and controls the first relay Rly1 and the second according to a driving signal Vdr. The relay R1 is turned on/off, wherein the resistor R1 is coupled to the driving signal Vdr, and the first end of the first switching unit Q1 is coupled to the resistor R1, and the second end of the first switching unit Q1 is coupled to the second relay Rly2, the third end (emitter) of the first switching unit Q1 is coupled to a reference potential, so the first switching unit Q1 controls the on/off of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 according to the driving signal Vdr; The control circuit 24 is coupled to the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2, wherein one end of the resistor R3 of the bias unit 242 is coupled to the driving voltage Vdd, and the first end (base) of the second switching unit Q2 is coupled to the bias Between the resistor R3 of the biasing unit 242 of the pressing unit 242 and the resistor R4, the second end of the second switching unit Q2 is coupled to the driving power source Vdd and the first relay Rly1, and the third end of the second switching unit Q2 is coupled. Second relay Rly The first end of the third switch unit Q3 receives a control signal Vps via the resistor R2, and the second end of the third switch unit Q3 is coupled to the other end of the resistor R4 of the first relay Rly1 and the bias unit 242. The third terminal of the third switching unit Q3 is coupled to the reference potential, and the second switching unit Q2 and the third switching unit Q3 drive the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 to form a series circuit or a parallel according to the control signal Vps. Circuit.
The first relay Rly1, the first diode D1, and the second relay Rly2 are electrically connected in series with the first switching unit Q1. Further, the first diode R1 and the second relay Rly2 are connected to the first diode D1. To achieve steady state demand. The driving control circuit 24, that is, the resistor R3 R4 of the second switching unit Q2 and the biasing unit 242, and the third switching unit Q3 and the resistor R2 form a mechanism for changing the configuration of the excitation coil of the relay, and is matched with the driving signal Vdr and the control signal Vps. To achieve the transient transient excitation drive, the purpose of steady-state buck is maintained.
First, as in the assumption of the previous example, the driving signal and the control signal are maintained at a low level before the start of driving, so the first switching unit Q1, the second switching unit Q2 and the third switching unit Q3 remain off until the driving signal Vdr and the control signal Vps When the transition state is high, the first switch unit Q1 and the third switch unit Q3 are turned on, and the second switch unit Q3 is connected to the second end of the third switch unit Q3 and the resistor R4 of the bias unit 242, so the third switch unit Q3 The low-level voltage at the second end of the second terminal drives the second switching unit Q2 to be turned on. Due to the relationship of the parallel circuit, the coil voltage of the first relay Rly1 can be obtained as the driving voltage vdd minus the saturation voltage Vce of the third switching unit Q3. (sat), if the saturation voltage is neglected, the coil voltage of the first relay Rly1 is equal to the driving voltage Vdd; similarly, since the second switching unit Q2 and the first switching unit Q1 are turned on, the coil voltage of the second relay Rly2 is equal to the driving voltage Vdd Subtracting the saturation voltages Vec(sat) and Vce(sat) of the second switching unit Q2 and the first switching unit Q1, the saturation voltage is also negligible, and the second relay Rly2 coil is obtained. The voltage is equal to the driving voltage Vdd, so at this stage, the coils of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 are equal to the driving voltage, wherein the driving voltage Vdd must be at least greater than the minimum operating voltage of the relay to achieve the driving effect, and the coil will be Excitation to close the reed. After the relays Rly1 and Rly2 are excited, after the reed is closed, the control signal Vps will be switched from the high level to the low level, and the third switching unit Q3 will be turned off. At this time, the resistor R3 R4 of the bias unit 242 is appropriately selected so that the first The second switching unit Q2 is turned off after the third switching unit Q3 is turned off, so that the magnetic coils of the relays Rly1 and Rly2 are restored to the state of the series circuit by the state of the parallel circuit, and the coil voltages of the relays Rly1 and Rly2 are equally divided into driving voltages. Vdd, for example, the coil voltages of the relays Rly1 and Rly2 will be equal to half of the driving voltage Vdd, ensuring that the voltage is greater than or equal to the minimum holding voltage of the relay, which will enable the contacts to be turned on, thereby reducing the steady-state voltage of the coil. Reduce the coil power consumption of the relays Rly1 and Rly2, thus reducing the coil temperature of the relays Rly1 and Rly2, and improving the service life and reliability of the relay.
As shown in FIG. 24B, it is a phase diagram corresponding to the switch control circuit driving signal Vdr and the driving control circuit control signal Vps.
Please refer to FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B for a circuit diagram and a waveform diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the second A and the third A is that the third switch unit Q3 of the second A is coupled to the control signal Vps via the resistor R2, and the third switch unit Q3 of the third A is coupled to the time control unit 36. . As shown in the figure, the relay driving circuit 30 of the present invention comprises a first relay Rly1, a second relay Rly2, a switch control circuit 32 and a drive control circuit 34. The switch control circuit 32 includes a first switch unit Q1 and a resistor R1. The drive control circuit 34 includes a second switch unit Q2, a third switch unit Q3 and a bias unit 342. The bias unit 342 includes a plurality of resistors R3. R4; time control unit 36 includes a capacitor C1 and a plurality of resistors R2, R5. In addition, the driving circuit 20 of the embodiment further includes a first diode D1.
The first relay Rly1, the second relay Rly2, and the switch control circuit 32 of the present embodiment are the same as the first relay Rly1, the second relay Rly2, and the switch control circuit 22 of the previous embodiment. Therefore, the present embodiment does not describe the connection relationship. The driving control circuit is coupled to the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2, wherein the biasing unit 342 is coupled to the driving power source Vdd, and the first end of the second switching unit Q2 is coupled to the biasing unit 342, and the second switching unit One of the second ends of Q2 is coupled to the driving power source Vdd and the first relay Rly1, and the third end of the second switching unit Q2 is coupled to the second relay Rly2 and the first diode cathode, and the first one of the third switching units Q3 The terminal is coupled to the time control unit 36, that is, the first end of the third switch unit Q3 is coupled to the resistors R2, R5 and the capacitor C1, and the capacitor C1 is coupled to the driving signal Vdr, so the time control unit 36 generates the driving signal Vdr according to the driving signal Vdr. a time control signal, which is a base emitter potential Vbe generated by the resistors R2 and R5 for controlling the third switching unit Q3, and the second end of the third switching unit Q3 is coupled to the first relay Rly1, the first Diode anode The third terminal of the third switching unit Q3 is coupled to the reference potential, and the second switching unit Q2 and the third switching unit Q3 drive the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 to form a series circuit according to the time control signal. Or a parallel circuit.
Furthermore, the relay driving circuit 30 of the present embodiment is another application of the present invention, which mainly integrates the driving signal Vbr and the control signal Vps of the previous embodiment. Therefore, the relay driving circuit 30 of the embodiment only needs one driving signal Vbr. The purpose of the transient fast drive and the steady-state buck is maintained. The newly added capacitor C1 provides a path in the initial stage of driving so that the third switching unit Q3 can be simultaneously turned on simultaneously with the first switching unit Q1. Equivalent to parallel drive, the coil voltage is Vdd, and the rear drive signal will store the capacitor C1 via R2 R5. As the energy rises, the third switch unit Q3 base emitter potential Vbe will decrease with the third switch unit. Q3 cutoff, as described above, the second switching unit Q2 will be turned off, then the coils of the first relay Rly1 and the second relay Rly2 are restored to be series driven, and the coil can be adjusted to be connected in parallel by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor C1. To the time of the series.
As shown in the third B, the switch control circuit drives the signal Vdr, and the first end point of the third switching unit Q3 corresponds to the voltage Vbe of the reference level and the coil voltage Rly coil.
It can be seen from the above embodiment that the relay has a higher driving voltage, that is, the driving voltage Vdd, at the initial stage of driving, so that the coil of the relay is rapidly excited to attract the reed of the relay to immediately close, and then the characteristics of the series connection of the excitation coil are utilized. The drive voltage is divided evenly, so that the coil voltage after the excitation is lowered. The relay drive circuit described above is exemplified by the series connection of the coils of the two relays, but the invention is not limited thereto, and the coils of more sets of relays can be used in series. After the steady state, the coil voltage can be effectively reduced. The embodiment described above is reduced to half of the driving voltage Vdd. It is assumed that the exciting coil is equivalent to the resistance R, and the coil power loss of the relay during excitation is equal to Vdd 2 /R. After the excitation, the voltage of the coil is lowered, so that the coil voltage is reduced to half of the driving voltage, so that the power loss is only 1/4 of the original loss, so the temperature of the coil can be greatly reduced, so the invention reduces the power loss of the relay and the system. , reducing the operating temperature of the relay coil, increasing the service life of the relay, etc., and without additional A set of a holding potential costs, and no additional controller generates high frequency drive circuit.
The above embodiment is exemplified by two relays Rly1 and Rly2, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the number of relays may be increased as needed, that is, the number of relays may be set to N, and N is greater than 1, and the drive control circuit is controlled. The voltage levels of the relay coils provide a sufficiently high energy excitation coil closing reed at the instant of conduction, and then use the principle described above to reduce the coil voltage to one-N drive voltage for the purpose of reducing power loss. .
In summary, the present invention is a relay driving circuit that uses a driving control circuit to provide a higher voltage to a series circuit formed by a first relay coil and a second relay coil, or to drive a voltage with a first relay and a second The coil of the relay forms a parallel circuit to instantaneously excite the coils of the first relay and the second relay, and then reduce the coil voltage of the first relay and the second relay to reduce the coil power loss of the first relay and the second relay, thereby further The coil temperature of the first relay and the second relay is lowered to improve the service life and reliability of the first relay and the second relay.
While the present invention has been described in its preferred embodiments, the present invention is not intended to limit the invention, and the present invention may be modified and modified without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application.
10...繼電器驅動電路10. . . Relay drive circuit
12...驅動控制電路12. . . Drive control circuit
122...偏壓單元122. . . Bias unit
14...開關控制電路14. . . Switch control circuit
20...繼電器驅動電路20. . . Relay drive circuit
22...開關控制電路twenty two. . . Switch control circuit
24...驅動控制電路twenty four. . . Drive control circuit
242...偏壓單元242. . . Bias unit
30...繼電器驅動電路30. . . Relay drive circuit
32...開關控制電路32. . . Switch control circuit
34...驅動控制電路34. . . Drive control circuit
342...偏壓單元342. . . Bias unit
36...時間控制單元36. . . Time control unit
C1...電容C1. . . capacitance
Q1...第一開關單元Q1. . . First switch unit
Q2...第二開關單元Q2. . . Second switching unit
Q3...第三開關單元Q3. . . Third switch unit
R1...電阻R1. . . resistance
R2...電阻R2. . . resistance
R3...電阻R3. . . resistance
R4...電阻R4. . . resistance
Rly coil...線圈電壓Rly coil. . . Coil voltage
Vcoil...線圈電壓Vcoil. . . Coil voltage
第一A圖為本發明之一實施例之電路圖;
第一B圖為本發明之一實施例之波形示意圖;
第二A圖為本發明之另一實施例之電路圖;
第二B圖為本發明之另一實施例之波形示意圖;
第三A圖為本發明之另一實施例之電路圖;以及
第三B圖為本發明之另一實施例之波形示意圖。
The first A is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
The first B is a waveform diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
2A is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
2B is a waveform diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
3 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; and a third B is a waveform diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
10...繼電器驅動電路10. . . Relay drive circuit
12...驅動控制電路12. . . Drive control circuit
122...偏壓單元122. . . Bias unit
14...開關控制電路14. . . Switch control circuit
C1...電容C1. . . capacitance
Q1...第一開關單元Q1. . . First switch unit
Q2...第二開關單元Q2. . . Second switching unit
Q3...第三開關單元Q3. . . Third switch unit
R1...電阻R1. . . resistance
R2...電阻R2. . . resistance
R3...電阻R3. . . resistance
R4...電阻R4. . . resistance
Vcoil...線圈電壓Vcoil. . . Coil voltage
Claims (12)
複數繼電器,其線圈耦接一電源,該電源供應一驅動電壓至該些繼電器之線圈,該些繼電器之線圈相互耦接;
一開關控制電路,其耦接該些繼電器之線圈與一參考電位,並依據一驅動訊號控制該些繼電器之線圈導通或截止;以及
一驅動控制電路,其耦接該些繼電器之線圈,並控制該些繼電器之線圈激磁,且該驅動控制電路控制該些繼電器之線圈的電壓準位分別大於等於N分之一該驅動電壓並小於等於該驅動電壓,其中N為該些繼電器之數量,且N大於1。A relay driving circuit comprising:
a plurality of relays, wherein the coils are coupled to a power source, and the power source supplies a driving voltage to the coils of the relays, and the coils of the relays are coupled to each other;
a switch control circuit coupled to the coils of the relays and a reference potential, and controlling the coils of the relays to be turned on or off according to a driving signal; and a driving control circuit coupled to the coils of the relays and controlled The coils of the relays are excited, and the driving control circuit controls the voltage levels of the coils of the relays to be greater than or equal to one-N of the driving voltage and less than or equal to the driving voltage, where N is the number of the relays, and N Greater than 1.
一電阻,其一端接收該驅動訊號;以及
一開關單元,其一第一端耦接該電阻之另一端,該開關單元之一第二端耦接該些繼電器之一第二繼電器之線圈,該開關單元之一第三端耦接至該參考電位。The relay driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the switch control circuit comprises:
a resistor, one end of which receives the driving signal; and a switching unit, a first end of which is coupled to the other end of the resistor, and a second end of the switching unit is coupled to a coil of one of the relays, the second relay A third end of the switching unit is coupled to the reference potential.
一第一二極體,其一端耦接該些繼電器之一第一繼電器之線圈,該第一二極體之另一端耦接該些繼電器之一第二繼電器之線圈;以及
一第二二極體,其一端耦接至該電源與該驅動控制電路,該第二二極體之另一端耦接至該第一繼電器之線圈。For example, the relay driving circuit described in claim 1 of the patent scope further includes:
a first diode, one end of which is coupled to a coil of one of the relays of the first relay, the other end of the first diode is coupled to a coil of one of the relays of the second relay; and a second diode One end of the second diode is coupled to the coil of the first relay. The other end of the second diode is coupled to the power supply and the driving control circuit.
一電容,其一端耦接至該些繼電器之線圈;
一偏壓單元,其耦接該開關控制電路;
一第一開關單元,其一第一端耦接該偏壓單元,該第一開關單元之一第二端耦接該電容之另一端,該第一開關單元之一第三端耦接該偏壓單元;以及
一第二開關單元,其一第一端耦接至該偏壓單元,該第二開關單元之一第二端耦接至該電源,該第二開關單元之一第三端耦接至該電容與該第一開關單元之間,該第一開關單元與該第二開關單元依據該偏壓單元與該開關控制單元控制該電容儲存該電源之一驅動電壓,以結合該電源所供應之該驅動電壓,而控制該些繼電器之線圈的電壓準位分別大於等於N分之一該驅動電壓並小於等於該驅動電壓。The relay driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the driving control circuit comprises:
a capacitor having one end coupled to the coils of the relays;
a biasing unit coupled to the switch control circuit;
a first switching unit having a first end coupled to the biasing unit, a second end of the first switching unit coupled to the other end of the capacitor, and a third end of the first switching unit coupled to the bias And a second switching unit having a first end coupled to the biasing unit, a second end of the second switching unit coupled to the power source, and a third end coupling of the second switching unit Connected between the capacitor and the first switch unit, the first switch unit and the second switch unit control the capacitor to store a driving voltage of the power source according to the bias unit and the switch control unit to combine the power source The driving voltage is supplied, and the voltage levels of the coils controlling the relays are respectively greater than or equal to one-ninth of the driving voltages and less than or equal to the driving voltages.
一第一電阻,其一端耦接該開關控制電路;
一第二電阻,其一端耦接該第一電阻之另一端,該第一電阻與該第二電阻之間耦接該第一開關單元之該第一端,該第二電阻之另一端耦接至該參考電位;以及
一第三電阻,其一端耦接至該第一電阻之一端,該第三電阻之另一端耦接至該第二開關單元之該第一端。The relay driving circuit of claim 4, wherein the biasing unit comprises:
a first resistor, one end of which is coupled to the switch control circuit;
a second resistor, one end of which is coupled to the other end of the first resistor, the first resistor and the second resistor are coupled to the first end of the first switch unit, and the other end of the second resistor is coupled And a third resistor, one end of which is coupled to one end of the first resistor, and the other end of the third resistor is coupled to the first end of the second switch unit.
一偏壓單元,其耦接該電源;
一第一開關單元,其一第一端耦接該偏壓單元,該第一開關單元之一第二端耦接該電源與該些繼電器之一第一繼電器,該第一開關單元之一第三端耦接該些繼電器之一第二繼電器之一端;以及
一第二開關單元,其一第一端耦接一控制訊號,該第二開關單元之一第二端耦接該第一繼電器之另一端與該偏壓單元,該第二開關單元之一第三端耦接至該參考電位,該第一開關單元與該第二開關單元依據該控制訊號驅使該第一繼電器與該第二繼電器之線圈形成一串聯電路或一並聯電路,而控制該些繼電器之線圈的電壓準位分別大於等於N分之一該驅動電壓並小於等於該驅動電壓。The relay driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the driving control circuit comprises:
a biasing unit coupled to the power source;
a first switch unit having a first end coupled to the bias unit, and a second end of the first switch unit coupled to the power source and one of the relays, the first switch a third end is coupled to one of the relays of the second relay; and a second switch unit, a first end of the second switch unit is coupled to a control signal, and the second end of the second switch unit is coupled to the first relay The other end is coupled to the biasing unit, the third end of the second switching unit is coupled to the reference potential, and the first switching unit and the second switching unit drive the first relay and the second relay according to the control signal The coil forms a series circuit or a parallel circuit, and the voltage levels of the coils controlling the relays are respectively greater than or equal to one of the driving voltages and less than or equal to the driving voltage.
一第一電阻,其一端耦接該電源;以及
一第二電阻,其一端耦接該第一電阻之一端,該第一電阻與該第二電阻之間耦接至該第一開關單元之該第一端,該第二電阻之另一端耦接至該第二開關單元之該第二端。The relay driving circuit of claim 6, wherein the biasing unit comprises:
a first resistor, one end of which is coupled to the power source; and a second resistor, one end of which is coupled to one end of the first resistor, and the first resistor and the second resistor are coupled to the first switch unit The first end of the second resistor is coupled to the second end of the second switch unit.
一二極體,其一端耦接至該第一繼電器之線圈與該第二開關單元之該第二端,該二極體之另一端耦接至該第二繼電器之線圈。For example, the relay driving circuit described in claim 6 of the patent scope further includes:
A diode is coupled to the coil of the first relay and the second end of the second switch unit, and the other end of the diode is coupled to the coil of the second relay.
一偏壓單元,其耦接該電源;
一第一開關單元,其一第一端耦接該偏壓單元,該第一開關單元之一第二端耦接該電源與該些繼電器之一第一繼電器之線圈,該第一開關單元之一第三端耦接該些繼電器之一第二繼電器之線圈;
一時間控制單元,其耦接於該開關控制電路,並依據該驅動訊號產生一時間控制訊號;以及
一第二開關單元,其一第一端耦接該時間控制單元,該第二開關單元之一第二端耦接該第一繼電器之線圈與該偏壓單元,該第二開關單元之一第三端耦接至該參考電位,該第一開關單元與該第二開關單元依據該時間控制訊號驅使該第一繼電器與該第二繼電器之線圈形成一串聯電路或一並聯電路,而控制該些繼電器之線圈的電壓準位分別大於等於N分之一該驅動電壓並小於等於該驅動電壓。The relay driving circuit of claim 1, wherein the driving control circuit further comprises:
a biasing unit coupled to the power source;
a first switch unit having a first end coupled to the bias unit, and a second end of the first switch unit coupled to the power source and a coil of the first relay of the relays, the first switch unit a third end is coupled to the coil of one of the relays and the second relay;
a time control unit coupled to the switch control circuit and generating a time control signal according to the drive signal; and a second switch unit having a first end coupled to the time control unit, the second switch unit a second end is coupled to the coil of the first relay and the biasing unit, and a third end of the second switching unit is coupled to the reference potential, and the first switching unit and the second switching unit are controlled according to the time The signal drives the first relay and the coil of the second relay to form a series circuit or a parallel circuit, and the voltage levels of the coils controlling the relays are respectively greater than or equal to one of the driving voltages and less than or equal to the driving voltage.
一第一電阻,其一端耦接該電源;以及
一第二電阻,其一端耦接該第一電阻之一端,該第一電阻與該第二電阻之間耦接至該第一開關單元之該第一端,該第二電阻之另一端耦接至該第二開關單元之該第二端。The relay driving circuit of claim 9, wherein the biasing unit comprises:
a first resistor, one end of which is coupled to the power source; and a second resistor, one end of which is coupled to one end of the first resistor, and the first resistor and the second resistor are coupled to the first switch unit The first end of the second resistor is coupled to the second end of the second switch unit.
一電容,其一端接收該驅動訊號;
一第一電阻,其一端耦接該第二開關單元之該第一端,該第一電阻耦接該電容之另一端;以及
一第二電阻,其一端耦接該第一電阻之一端,該第二電阻之另一端耦接該參考電位。The relay driving circuit of claim 9, wherein the time control unit comprises:
a capacitor, one end of which receives the driving signal;
a first resistor is coupled to the first end of the second switch unit, the first resistor is coupled to the other end of the capacitor, and a second resistor is coupled to one end of the first resistor. The other end of the second resistor is coupled to the reference potential.
一二極體,其一端耦接至該第一繼電器之另一端與該第二開關單元之該第二端,該二極體之另一端耦接至該第二繼電器之一端。The relay driving circuit described in claim 9 of the patent scope further includes:
A diode is coupled to the other end of the first relay and the second end of the second switch unit, and the other end of the diode is coupled to one end of the second relay.
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TW100140454A TW201320139A (en) | 2011-11-07 | 2011-11-07 | Relay driving circuit |
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TWI636478B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-09-21 | 四零四科技股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic relay device and its control method |
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Cited By (1)
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TWI636478B (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2018-09-21 | 四零四科技股份有限公司 | Electromagnetic relay device and its control method |
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