TW201226480A - Coating composition with (meth) acrylic polymers and coalescents - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aqueous coating material comprising at least one dispersion of a (meth)acrylic polymer and at least one coalescent, where the (meth)acrylic polymer comprises units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers which in the alkyl radical have at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms, and the coalescent has at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and a molecular weight of less than 1000 g/mol.

Description

201226480 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an aqueous coating material comprising a (meth)acrylic polymer dispersion and a coalescent. [Prior Art] Coating materials (especially lacquers) have been synthetically manufactured for a long time. One of the important groups of such materials is based on aqueous dispersions, which in many cases comprise (meth)acrylate polymers. For example, the publication DE-A-4 051 134 describes an aqueous dispersion comprising an alkyl methacrylate binder. Such a lacquer is known from US 5,750,75 1 , EP-A-1 044 993, WO 2006/013061 and WO 2008/094503. The range of properties of the coating materials described above is already good. However, there is still a continuing need to improve the scope of this property. A particular disadvantage is that the coating materials described above appear to be insufficient in some cases to cope with the processing properties of higher demand. Therefore, an organic solvent must be added to the coating material described in US 5,750,751. These solvents should be avoided for reasons of environmental protection. An improvement in this regard has been achieved through the teachings of the publication EP-A-1 044 993. This document describes an aqueous dispersion based on (meth) acrylate. The mixture used for the polymerization contains (meth) acrylate which has been modified with an unsaturated fatty acid. One of the keys to this solution is the use of polymers having a particularly broad molecular weight distribution, the number of which falls on the average range of 300 to 3 000 g/mol. However, the disadvantage of this system is that the thin 201226480 film obtained is too soft for many applications. Furthermore, document WO 200 6/0 13061 describes dispersions comprising particles based on (meth) acrylate. The monomer mixture used to prepare the particles comprises a (meth) acrylate modified with an unsaturated fatty acid. With regard to the specific disadvantages of the dispersion, WO 2006/0 1 306 1 describes its complex preparation as well as a high proportion of residual monomers. In addition to aqueous dispersions, reactive lacquers form another group of conventional coating materials. Such paints are known, for example, from ΕΡ-0 693 507. It is also known to comprise a composition known as a reactive diluent. For example, the publication EP-A-546 4 1 7 describes in particular a coating composition comprising octadienyl ether. A coating material having a reactive solvent is set forth in the publication including US 2009/1 5 1 60 1 A1, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entirety assigned the assigned the the the Things. The range of properties of the coating materials described above is already good. However, there is still a need to improve the range of properties. Therefore, the coating which can be obtained from the coating material described above exhibits mechanical resistance, especially scratch resistance, which is insufficient to cope with the increased demand. Other coating materials exhibit very high minimum film forming temperatures and must therefore be blended with solvents for processing. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a coating material that exhibits outstanding properties. These properties include more specific features exhibited by the coating material and by coatings obtainable from such coating materials. The coating material should in particular be very environmentally friendly. In order to achieve this, the -6-201226480 material should have a very low residual monomer content, and only a small part of the organic compound should be released into the environment during processing. Therefore, another object of the present invention is to have a particularly long storage life. And maintainable coating materials. Furthermore, the hardness of the coating obtainable from the coating material should be varied over a wide range. In particular, a particularly hard scratch resistant coating should be obtained. The coatings obtainable from such aqueous dispersions should have high weathering stability, especially high UV resistance. Further, the film obtainable from the aqueous dispersions should have a low adhesiveness after a short period of time. Furthermore, coatings obtainable from such coating materials should exhibit high chemical resistance. In this respect, it should be highly stable to many different solvents as well as bases and acids. In particular, it should have very good resistance to methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). Moreover, the coating material should exhibit good processing properties, especially by low or low film forming temperatures without compromising the mechanical properties or chemical resistance of the coatings obtainable from such coating materials. Another object is that the coating material described can be obtained at a very low cost && These and other objects, which are not expressly stated but may be discussed from the introduction of the present specification, are readily obtained by an aqueous dispersion having all of the features of the i-fith of the patent application. The useful repair of the dispersion & The invention therefore proposes an aqueous coating material comprising at least one (meth)acrylic poly&% dispersion and at least one coalescent, the material of the stomach @&201226480 comprising the (meth)acrylic polymer a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, and the coalescent having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and having a molecular weight of less than 1000 g/mol The coating material of the present invention has outstanding properties. In particular, the coating material of the present invention is very environmentally friendly, has a very low residual monomer content, and only releases a small portion of the organic compound to the environment during processing." It can be coated from the present invention based on a polymer or composition. The hardness of the coating obtained from the coating material can vary over a wide range. It is particularly surprising that it is possible to obtain a mechanically stable coating which is noticed with high elongation at break and/or high tensile strength. Furthermore, the coatings obtainable from the coating materials of the present invention exhibit a lower brittleness with respect to hardness and chemical resistance. According to a preferred modification, it is possible in accordance with the invention to obtain in particular a particularly hard scratch-resistant coating. The coatings obtainable from the dispersions of the invention exhibit surprisingly high solvent resistance, which is especially exhibited in tests using methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK), ammonia solution or ethanol. Therefore, the coating obtained exhibits an excellent classification in tests which are in particular tested according to DIN 68 8 6 1 -1. The coating materials of the present invention exhibit, inter alia, good processing properties which are particularly evident from the low minimum film forming temperatures and which do not compromise the mechanical properties or chemical resistance of the coatings obtainable from the coating materials. The coatings obtainable from such coating materials or polymers have comparable chemical resistance and/or comparable pendulum hardness, so that the coating materials of the present invention exhibit a particularly low minimum film formation -8 - 201226480 temperature. These dispersions have comparable minimum film forming temperatures, and coatings obtainable from such dispersions exhibit improved chemical resistance and increased pendulum hardness. Further, the dispersion of the present invention exhibits high storage stability, high maintainability, and very good shelf life. More specifically, aggregates are not substantially formed. With regard to performance, these dispersions exhibit improved environmental compatibility. A preferred embodiment shows that substantially no organic compound (more specifically, a solvent) is released into the atmosphere. Moreover, the coating materials have an extremely low residual monomer content. The coatings obtainable from the coating materials of the present invention exhibit high weathering stability, more specifically high UV resistance. Further, the film obtainable from the dispersions has a low adhesiveness after a short time. The coating material of the present invention can be produced on a large scale in a low cost manner. The coating material of the present invention is environmentally friendly and can be reliably prepared and processed without high cost and complexity. At the same time, the coating material of the present invention exhibits a very high shear stability. The coating material of the present invention is an aqueous dispersion. Therefore, it contains an aqueous phase in which polymer particles are dispersed. The term "dispersion" is well known in the art. The aqueous coating material comprises at least one coalescent. The term "agglomerating agent" is used in the art to mean an additive which lowers the minimum film forming temperature of the polymer present in the dispersion. The coalescent used in this example has a molecular weight of not more than 1000 g/mol, preferably not more than 800 g/mol. The molecular weight of the coalescent is preferably in the range of from 120 to 600 g/mol, more preferably in the range of from 140 to 201226480 500 g/mol. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the coalescent comprises no more than 3 Å, preferably no more than 20, especially no more than 15, most preferably no more than 8 carbon atoms. Thus, particularly important is a coalescent having a boiling point of at least 140 ° C, preferably at least 18 (TC, more preferably at least 190 ° C) at atmospheric pressure (1013 mbar). According to a preferred embodiment, at atmospheric pressure The boiling point of the coalescent may range from 140 to 350 ° C, more preferably from 180 to 300 ° C. According to the invention, the coalescent has at least one, preferably at least two ethylene It is an unsaturated double bond. In this respect, the ratio of the carbon atom to the ethylenically unsaturated double bond of the preferred coalescent is in the range of 3:1 to 8:1, more preferably 4:1 to 6:1. Preferably, the coalescent agent has an HLB 在 in the range of 3 to 19, more preferably in the range of 9 to 16, which is by 0^[^11(3)〇1^^11,\^.(: .,>1. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., 1, 3 1 1 (1 949), b) Method calculation of ICI Bulletin, HLB System, 8, (1 984). According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, The coalescent used in the present invention is an alcohol, an amine, an ether or an ester, more preferably an alcohol ester. The coalescent preferably comprises at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. Therefore, preferred compounds have a dienyl group. And/or from multiple officials A compound derivative, an example of which is an alcohol and/or an acid having two or more functional groups, more specifically a carboxylic acid. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, preferably more specifically having at least An octadiene-based coalescent. The coalescent preferably constitutes an alcohol, an amine, an ether or an ester. Therefore, the compounds comprise at least one of the groups having the formula -R of the group of 2012-0680, wherein R represents exactly 8 carbon atoms and having two carbon-carbon groups. Preferably, the group having exactly 8 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds includes octane-2,7-dienyl and oct-3,7-dienyl. , octyl-4,7-dienoctyl 5,7-dienyl, octane-2,4-dienyl, octane-2,5-dienyl, octadienyl, octane-3,5- Preferred alkenyl, octane-3,6-dienyl and octane-4,6-dioxan alcohols more specifically include octane-2,7-dienol, oct-3,7·di, oct-4 , 7-dienol, oct-5,7-dienol, octane-2,4-dienol 2,5-dienol, octa-2,6-dienol, oct-3,5- Dienol, oct-3,6-ol and oct-4,6-dienol. Further, esters having one or more octadienyl groups are preferably used in the preparation of the ester. The acid may be a linear, branched, saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acid. In addition to the aliphatic acid, an aromatic acid may also be used. In this case, the above-mentioned octadienol derived from a monocarboxylic acid is further included. Preferably, the acid has from 1 to 20, preferably from 1 to 10, more preferably from 1 to 4 carbons. More preferably, the monocarboxylic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, acrylic acid and methyl groups. acrylic acid. Preferably, the coalescents have exactly octadienyl groups. The preferred ester of a preferred monocarboxylic acid having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably has a molecular weight of from 150 to 500 g/mol, more preferably up to 300 g/mol. In addition, esters having two, three or more carboxylic acid acids such as esters of oxalic acid, esters of citric acid, esters of terephthalic acid of terephthalic acid, maleic acid may also be used. Ester or adipic acid ester. More than a double bond specific group ''2,6- alkenyl enol octyl-diene polycyclic one specific carboxylate butyric acid one derived 150 carboxylic acid ester, preferably -11 - 201226480 polycarboxylic acid has 2 to 20, compared Preferably it is from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Of particular importance in this regard are esters of polycarboxylic acids having one, two or more octadienyl groups. The preferred ester derived from a polycarboxylic acid preferably having 1 to 20 carbon atoms preferably has a molecular weight of 200 to 1000 g/m〇, more preferably 300 to 600 g/mol. The ether more specifically includes a compound derived from an ether group preferably having a monool having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. The monoalcohols may be in the form of a linear, cyclic or branched chain. In addition, such ethers can be prepared using unsaturated, saturated or aromatic alcohols. More specifically, it is methyl ether, ethyl ether, propyl ether, butyl ether, pentyl ether and hexyl ether of the above octadienol. Examples of such ethers are, in particular, methoxyoctane-2,7-diene (methyloctane-2,7-dienyl ether), ethoxyoctane-2,7-diene and propoxyoctane- 2,7 diene. The preferred ether derived from a monool having preferably 1 to 1 carbon atoms preferably has a molecular weight of from 140 to 300 g/mol, more preferably from 140 to 25 0 g/mol. The particularly preferred ether is a compound derived from an oligoalkylene or a polyalkylene and comprising an alkylene oxide unit in addition to at least one octadienyl group, particularly preferably having from 2 to 40, more preferably Preferably, it is an ether of from 3 to 10 ethylene oxide units and/or propylene oxide units. Such compounds include, for example, diethylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, triethylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, tetraethylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, Pentaethylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, hexaethylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, dipropylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, tripropylene glycol bis-2,7 -dienyl ether, tetrapropylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether, pentapropylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether and hexapropylene glycol octane-2,7-dienyl ether. According to other embodiments of the invention, ethers of alcohols having two, three or more hydroxyl groups of -12-201226480 can be used. The polyols preferably have atoms, and the alcohols may be linear, branched, cyclic, saturated aromatic alcohols. It particularly includes ethers of a mixture of alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerin, neopentyl alcohol, dipentaerythritol, mannitol, and sorbitol. The ether having the above octanol in this case may have one, two, three or more octane compounds, more specifically including monooctyl-4,6-dieneoxyethylene 4,6-diene oxyethane , monooctyl-4,6-diallylpropanediol, oxypropanol, trioctane-2,7-diallylpropane, monooctyl-2,7-1,2-dioctane-2,7-diene oxygen Ethane, monooctyl-2,7-dienyl-2,7-dienyloxypropanol and trioctyl-2,7-dienyloxypropane. Use or as a mixture of two or more. The preferred ether derived from a polyol having more carbon atoms has a molecular weight of 8 00 g/mol > more preferably 170 to 600 g/mol. In addition to the ethers and alcohols, amines can also be used. In the case of using a compound having one, two or more amine groups, it contains 8 to 20 carbon atoms. Preferred amines more specifically include amine amine, oct-3,7-dienylamine, oct-4,7-dienylamine, octa-2,4-dienylamine, oct-2,5 -dienylamine, oct-3,5-dienylamine, oct-3,6-dienylamine, (methyl(octyl-2,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol (2 alkenyl)amino)ethanol, 2-octyl-2,7-octane-2,7-dienylethylene 2,7-dienyl)amino)ethylamine. The preferred amine has a molecular weight of Μ 800 g/mol, more preferably from 170 to 600 g/mol. 2 to 10 carbons: and, unsaturated or hydrazine, trimethylolpropane: alcohol, sucrose or a diene of the dienyl alcohol. The preferred alcohol '1,2-dioctyl-dioctane-4,6-diene oxy oxyethylene, oxypropylene glycol, and the like may each independently have 2 to 10, preferably 170, to the case, can. Preferred amines include octane-2,7-diene, oct-5,7-diene, octane-2,6-diene, octane-4,6-diene L-based (oct-2,7-diol) And (methyl (Xin - preferably from 1 40 to -13 to 201226480) Among the compound classes, particularly preferred are alcohols and ethers having two or more alkylene oxide units, particularly preferably an alcohol. The above alcohols, amines, ethers or esters can be obtained by various methods, including conventional methods of short chain polymerization of 1,3 -butadiene. The term "short chain polymerization" as used herein means the presence of a nucleophile. Reactions of compounds having a conjugated double bond. The methods set forth in the publications WO 2004/002931, WO 03/031379 and WO 02/00 803, in particular the catalysts and reaction conditions for the reaction, such as pressure And the temperature is incorporated into the present specification for the purpose of disclosure. The short-chain polymerization of 1,3 -butadiene is preferably carried out using a metal compound containing a metal of Groups 8 to 10 of the periodic table as a catalyst. It is especially preferred to use a palladium compound, more preferably a palladium-carbene complex, as described in more detail in the disclosure set forth above. As for the nucleophile, especially Water, ammonia, monoalcohols, polyhydric alcohols, especially diols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol; diamines such as ethylenediamine, N-methylethylenediamine, N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine or hexamethylenediamine; an amino alcohol such as amine ethanol, N-methylamine ethanol, N-ethylamine ethanol, amine propanol 'N-methylamine propanol or N - Ethylamine propanol, or a carboxylic acid, more specifically a monocarboxylic acid and a polycarboxylic acid as described in detail above, in WO 2004/00293 1, WO 03/03 1 3 79 and WO 02/1 00803 The nucleophile is described in the specification for the purpose of disclosure. The temperature of the short-chain polymerization is between 10 and 180 ° C, preferably between 30 and 120 ° C, preferably The system is between 40 and 100 ° C. The reaction pressure is from 1 to 300 bar, preferably from 1 to 120 bar, more preferably from 1 to -14 to 201226480 64 bar, most preferably from 1 to 20 bar. An isomer of a 7-dienyl compound can be prepared by isomerizing a double bond in a compound having an octa-2,7-dienyl group. If octadienyl is present in the esterification reaction Reaction of an ether-based alcohol with a monocarboxylic acid or a polyresidic acid and/or with a polycarboxylic acid The reaction obtains a coalescent which is especially suitable for use according to the invention. Particularly suitable for use in such reactants is at least based on a trihydric alcohol or an alcohol mixture based on an average functionality of at least three at the starting point and having an average of each molecule a short-chain polymer of at least one free hydroxyl group, particularly suitable for use in an esterification reaction, a short-chain polymerization product of glycerol and butadiene having a hydroxyl group content of 5.5 to 17% by weight and/or a hydroxyl group content of 4.9 to 14.0% by weight A short chain polymerization product of methylolpropane and butadiene. Further, a preferred coalescent having a octadienyl group is described in the publication EP-A-0 5 46 4 1 7 wherein the reactive diluent and its preparation method are incorporated herein by reference. in. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, especially esters of carboxylic acids having two, three or more carboxylic acid groups can also be used as coalescents, such as esters of oxalic acid, esters of malonic acid, An ester of citric acid, an ester of terephthalic acid, an ester of fumaric acid, an ester of maleic acid or an ester of adipic acid, which have at least one, preferably at least two, ethylenically unsaturated. Double key. Preferably, the polycarboxylic acid has from 2 to 20, preferably from 2 to 10, more preferably from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred in this respect are ethylenically unsaturated alcohols having 2 to 6, preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms. More specifically, it includes allyl alcohol and vinyl alcohol. Therefore, preferred are especially diallyl malonate, divinyl malonate and triallyl citrate, with diallyl malonate being preferred. -15- 201226480 In addition to the coalescing agent described above, the coating material of the present invention comprises at least one aqueous dispersion having at least one (meth)acrylic polymer having A unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. The term "polymer" means a dispersion of a compound which can be obtained by reacting a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in an alkyl group with each other or with another monomer. The reaction can take place in one step or in several stages. The dispersion may comprise one or more polymers having repeating units derived from (meth)acrylic monomers having at least one double bond and from 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. The ratio of chain length, solubility behavior or other properties of the polymer such as an alkyl group having at least one double bond to a (meth)acrylic monomer having 8 to 40 carbon atoms may be different. The polymer is preferably obtainable by free radical polymerization. Therefore, the term "repeating unit" is derived from the monomer used to prepare the polymer. a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group is an ester of a (meth)acrylic acid having at least one carbon-carbon double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group or Guanamine. (Meth)acrylic acid representation means methacrylic acid and acrylic acid and mixtures thereof. The alkyl or alcohol or guanamine group preferably has from 10 to 30, more preferably from 12 to 20 carbon atoms, and the group may contain a hetero atom, more specifically, an oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur atom. The alkyl group may have one, two, three or more carbon-carbon double bonds. The polymerization conditions for preparing the (meth) acrylate polymer are preferably selected to maximize the proportion of double bonds of the alkyl group remaining in the polymerization of the -16-201226480. This can be accomplished, for example, by sterically hindering the presence of a double bond in the alcohol group. Further, at least a part or preferably all of the double bonds in the alkyl group present in the (meth)acrylic monomer are less reactive in the radical polymerization than the (meth)acrylic group, and thus in the alkyl group Preferably, no other (meth)acrylic groups are present. The iodonium used for preparing the (meth)acrylic polymer and having at least one double bond and a (meth)acrylic monomer having 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group is preferably at least 50, more preferably at least 1 Preferably, it is at least 125 g iodine/100 g (meth)acrylic monomer. This type of (meth)acrylic monomer substantially conforms to formula (I)

Η 〇 wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, and X is independently oxygen or a group of hydrazine, wherein π is hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R 1 is 8 to 40, preferably 10 to 30. More preferably, it is a linear or branched group of 12 to 20 carbon atoms and containing at least one CC double bond. The expression "(meth)acrylic acid" represents acrylic acid and methacrylic acid groups, preferably methacrylic acid groups. A (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group can be esterified (methyl), for example, by an alcohol having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms. It is obtained by using acrylic acid, reacting (meth)acrylonitrile halide and/or (meth)acrylic anhydride or transesterifying (meth)acrylate. Since -17-201226480, decyl (meth)acrylate can be obtained by reacting with an amine. Such reactions can be described, for example, in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th edition, CD-ROM' or as described in F.-B. Chen, G. Bufkin, MCrosslinkable Emulsion Polymers by Autooxidation I", Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 3 0, 457 1 -4582 ( 1 985 ). Alcohols suitable for this purpose include, in particular, octenol, terpene alcohol, terpene alcohol, undecenol, dodecenol, tridecenol, tetradecenol, pentadecenol, cetyl alcohol, Heptaenyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, nonadecanol, eicosyl alcohol, dodecadienol, octadienol, decadienol, decadienol, undecadienol, twelve Alkadienol, tridecadienol, tetradecadienol, pentadecadienol, hexadecanol, heptadecadienol, octadecadienol, pentadecane Dienol, eicosadienol and/or behenyldienol. These so-called fatty alcohols are commercially available in some cases or may be obtained from fatty acids, which are described, for example, in F.-B. Chen, G. Bufkin, Journal of Applied Polymer Science, Vol. 30, 457. 1 - 4582 (1985) ° Preferred (meth) acrylates obtainable by this method include, in particular, octadienyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl decyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) acrylate Octatriene triester, cetyl (meth)acrylate, octadecyl (meth)acrylate and cetyl allyl (meth)acrylate. Further, the (meth) acrylate having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group may also have a reactive group (more specifically, an alcohol group) by reacting the unsaturated fatty acid with the alkyl group. Obtained by (meth) acrylate. The reactive group includes, in particular, a hydroxyl group and an epoxy group. Therefore, it is also possible to use -18-201226480 with, for example, hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, such as 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3,4-dihydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, (methyl) 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2,5-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediol (meth)acrylate, 1,10-fluorene (meth)acrylate a glycol ester; or an epoxy group-containing (meth) acrylate such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate, for example, used as a reactant for preparing the above (meth) acrylate. Fatty acids suitable for reaction with the above (meth) acrylates are commercially available in many cases and are obtained from natural sources. Such fatty acids include, in particular, undecylenic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, ruthenium octadecenoic acid, eicosenoic acid, whale oleic acid, sinapic acid, tetracosic acid, linoleic acid , linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleic acid and/or docosahexaenoic acid. Preferred (meth) acrylates obtainable by this process include, inter alia, (meth) propylene oxy-2-hydroxypropyl-linolenic acid ester, (meth) propylene oxime-2-hydroxypropyl- Sublinoleic acid ester and (meth)acryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-oleate. The reaction of an unsaturated fatty acid with a (meth) acrylate having a reactive group (more specifically, an alcohol group) in an alkyl group is known per se and is described, for example, in DE-A-41 0 5 134, DE- A-2 5 13 516, DE-A-26 3 8 544 and US 5,750,75 1. According to a preferred embodiment, it is possible to use a (meth)acrylic monomer of the formula (Π) -19- 201226480

Wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, and X1 and X2 are independently oxygen or a group of the formula NR', wherein R' is hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, provided that at least one of the X1 and X2 groups is a formula The group of NR' wherein R' is hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Z is a bonding group, and R2 is an unsaturated group having 9 to 25 carbon atoms. Furthermore, surprising advantages can be obtained by using the (meth)acrylic monomer of the formula (III).

R2 (III), wherein R is hydrogen or methyl, and X1 is oxygen or a group of the formula NR', wherein R' is hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, Z is a bonding group, and R' is hydrogen or A group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R2 is an unsaturated group having 9 to 25 carbon atoms. The term "base having 1 to 6 carbon atoms" means a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. It includes aromatic and heteroaromatic groups, as well as alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy, cycloalkoxy, alkenyl, decyl and alkoxycarbonyl groups, as well as heteroaliphatic groups. The group may be branched or unbranched. Further, the groups may have a substituent, more specifically, a halogen atom or a hydroxyl group. The group V is preferably an alkyl group. Preferred alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl-20-201226480, isopropyl, 1-butyl, 2-butyl, 2-methylpropyl or tert-butyl. The group Z is preferably a linking group containing from 1 to 10, preferably from 1 to 5, most preferably from 2 to 3 carbon atoms. These groups include, in particular, straight-chain or branched aliphatic or cycloaliphatic groups such as, for example, methylene, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl The base or the cyclohexyl group is especially suitable for stretching the ethyl group. The group R2 in the formula (III) is an unsaturated group having 9 to 25 carbon atoms. The groups more specifically include an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an alkenyloxy group, a cycloalkenyloxy group, an olefin group and a heteroaliphatic group. Further, the groups may have a substituent, more specifically, a halogen atom. Or hydroxyl. Preferred groups include, in particular, alkenyl groups such as decenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecene , octadecyl, decadecenyl, behenyl, behenyl, icosadienyl, octadienyl, decadienyl, decadienyl, undecadienyl , dodecadienyl, tridecadienyl, tetradecadienyl, pentadecadienyl, hexadecendienyl, heptadecadienyl, octadecadienyl, A nonadecadienyl group, an eicosadienyl group, a hexadecandienyl group, a behenyldienyl group, a twenty-three yards, and/or a seventeen-story tris. Preferred (II) or (111) (meth)acrylic monomers include, in particular, heptadecyloxy-2-ethyl-(meth)acrylamide, heptadecadienyloxy-2 -ethyl-(meth)acrylamide, heptadetrienyloxy-2-ethyl-(methyl) acrylamide, heptadecyloxy-2-ethyl-(methyl) Acrylamide, (meth) propylene oxime-2-ethyl-palmitole amide, (meth) propylene oxime-2-ethyl-oleylamine, (meth) propylene oxime - 2-ethyl-icosyl decylamine, (methyl-21 - 201226480) propylene oxime-2-ethyl-whale decylamine, (meth) propylene oxime-2-ethyl- mustard oxime Amine, (meth) propylene oxime-2-ethyl-linolenic acid amide, (meth) propylene oxime-2-ethyl-linolenic acid decylamine, (meth) propylene oxime - 2-propyl-palmitole amide, (meth) propylene oxime-2-propyl-oleylamine, (meth) propylene oxime-2-propyl-icocosyl decylamine, (A) Base) propylene oxime-2-propyl-whale decylamine, (meth) propylene oxime-2-propyl-sinapinamide, (meth) propylene oxime-2-propyl Amides sesame oil and (meth) Bingxi Xi-2 - propyl - Amides views linseed oil. The "(meth)acrylic acid" represents acrylic acid and methacrylic acid groups, preferably methacrylic acid groups. The preferred formula (Π) or (III) monomer is methacryloxy-2-ethyl-oleylamine, methacryloxy-2-ethyl-linolenic acid and/or methyl Propylene oxime-2-ethyl-linoleic oil decylamine. The (meth)acrylic monomer of the formula (II) or (III) can be obtained in particular by a multistage process. In the first stage, for example, one or more unsaturated fatty acids or fatty acid esters can be reacted with, for example, an amine such as ethylenediamine, ethanolamine, propylenediamine or propylamine to produce the guanamine. In the second stage, the hydroxyl or amine group of the indoleamine is reacted with, for example, (meth) acrylate or methyl (meth) acrylate to produce a monomer of the formula (II) or (III). To prepare a monomer wherein X1 is a group of the formula NR' (wherein R' is hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and X2 is oxygen), it is possible to react an alkyl (meth)acrylate first (for example (A) Methyl acrylate) and one of the above amines to produce a (meth) acrylamide having a hydroxyl group in the alkyl group, which is then reacted with an unsaturated fatty acid to produce a formula (Π) or (III) (methyl ) acrylic monomer. The transesterification of an alcohol with a (meth) acrylate or the preparation of a (meth) acrylamide is described in the following documents: CN 1 3 5 5 1 6 1 -22- 201226480, DE 2 1 29 425, DE 34 23 4 4 3 or EP - A 0 5 3 4 6 6 6 ' The reaction conditions described in the publications and the catalysts listed therein are incorporated herein by reference. Further, these reactions are described in "Synthesis of Acrylic Esters by Transesterification", J. Haken, 1967. In such reactions, the intermediate of the obtained hydroxyl group in the alkyl group (e.g., carboxamide) can be purified. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the intermediate obtained can be reacted without cost and inconvenience to produce a (meth)acrylic monomer of formula (II) or (III). The (meth)acrylic monomer having 8 to 40, preferably 10 to 30, more preferably 12 to 20 carbon atoms and at least one double bond in the alkyl group, particularly including the monomer of the formula (IV)

Wherein R is hydrogen or methyl 'X is oxygen or a group of the formula NR, wherein R is hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms 'Y Oxygen, sulfur or the base of the formula NR", where R" is hydrogen or has! To a group of 6 carbon atoms, and R4 is an unsaturated group having at least 8 carbon atoms and at least two double bonds. The base R3 in the formula (IV) is from 1 to n carbon atoms, preferably from i to 10, more preferably an alkylene group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the radical R3 is an alkylene radical having from 2 to 4, more preferably 2 carbon atoms, from 23 to 201226480. The alkylene group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms includes, in particular, a methylene group, an exoethyl group, a stretched base group, an extended isopropyl group, an exobutyl group, an exobutyl group, a tert-butyl group or a cyclohexyl group. Stretching ethyl is especially good. The radical R4 contains at least two C-C double bonds which are not part of the aromatic system. Preferably, the group R4 is a group having exactly 8 carbon atoms and having exactly two double bonds. The group R4 is preferably a linear hydrocarbon group containing no hetero atom. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the group R4 in formula (IV) may comprise a terminal double bond. In another modification of the invention, the group R4 in formula (IV) may be free of terminal double bonds. The double bond present in the group R4 may preferably be conjugated. According to other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the double bond in the group R4 is not conjugated. Preferably, the group R4 having at least two double bonds includes, in particular, octane-2,7-dienyl, oct-3,7-dienyl, octane 4,7·dienyl 'oct-5,7-di Alkenyl, octane-2,4-dienyl, octane-2,5.dienyl, octane-2,6-dienyl, oct-3,5-dienyl, oct-3,6-di Alkenyl and octyl-4,6-dienyl. The (meth)acrylic monomer of the formula (IV) includes, for example, 2-[((2-£)octyl-2,7-dienyl)methylamino] 2-methylprop-2-enoate] Ethyl ester, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid 2-[((2-Z)octyl-2,7-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid 2 -[((3-E)octyl-3,7-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylpropan-2-enoic acid 2-[((4-2) xin.4,7- Dialkenyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylpropan-2-enoic acid 2-[(octyl-2,4-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylpropan-2-yl 2-[(octyl-2,4-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl acrylate, 2·methylpropan-2-disindolated acid 2_[(oct-3,5-dienyl)methylamino] Ethyl ester, 2_[((2_引辛_2,7-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl-(methyl) acrylamide, 2-[((2-Z) octyl-2,7-di Alkenyl)methylamino]ethyl-(methyl)propenylamine, 2-[((3·Ε)octyl-3,7-dienyl)methylamino]-24- 201226480 Ethyl-(A) Base) C storage amine ' 2 · [((4-Ζ) octyl 4,7-dienyl) methylamino] ethyl-(methyl) propyl decylamine, 2-[(Xin-2, 6-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl-(methyl)propanoid amine, 2-[(octyl-2,4-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl-(methyl)acrylamide , 2-[(oct-3,5-diene )methylamino]ethyl-(methyl)propenylamine, 2-methylpropan-2-butyric acid 2-[((2-£)octyl-2,7-dienyl)ethylamine] Ester, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid 2-[((2-Z)octyl-2,7-dienyl)ethylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid 2- [((3-E)octyl-3,7-dienyl)ethylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylpropan-2-dicarboxylic acid 2-[((4-Z) 辛·4,7-二Alkenyl)ethylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylpropan-2-dicarboxylic acid 2-[(octyl-2,6-dienyl)ethylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylpropan-2-ene 2-[(octyl-2,4-dienyl)ethylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methyl-2-propenoic acid 2-[(octyl-3,5--alkenyl)ethylamino] Ester, propan-2-enoic acid 2-[((2-£) octyl-2,7--alkenyl)methylamino]acetic acid 'propan-2-ylic acid 2-[((2-Ζ) octyl -2,7-dione) methylamino]ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2-[((3-indolyl)-3,7-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, C- 2-enoic acid 2-[((4-Ζ)octyl_4,7-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2-[(octyl-2,6-dienyl) Methylamino]ethyl ester, prop-2-enic acid 2_[(octyl-2,4-dienyl)methylamino]ethyl ester, propyl-2-enoic acid 2-[(xin-3,5-di Dilute)methylamino]ethyl ester, 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid 2-((24)octyl-2,7-dioxaoxy)ethyl ester, 2-methyl 2-((2-indolyl)-2,7-dienyloxy)ethyl 2-enoate, 2-((3-indolyl)-3,7 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid -dienyloxy)ethyl ester, 2-((4-indolyl)-4,7-dienyloxy)ethyl 2-methylpropan-2-enoate, 2·methylpropyl·2-thin Acid 2-(octyl-2,6--alkoxy)ethyl acetonate, 2-(methyl-2-propenyl)ethyl 2-methylpropan-2-carboxylate, 2-methylpropane-2 2-enoic acid 2-(oct-3,5-dioxaoxy)ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2-((2-indolyl)-2,7-dienyloxy)ethyl ester, propyl _ 2_Diluted acid 2-((2-Ζ)octyl-2,7-dienyloxy)ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2_((3_£) 辛_3,7- -25- 201226480 diene oxygen Ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2-((4-Z)octyl-4,7-dienyloxy)ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2-(oct-2,6-diene Oxy)ethyl ester, prop-2-enoic acid 2-(octyl-2,4-dienyloxy)ethyl ester and prop-2-enoic acid 2-(oct-3,5-dienyloxy)B The above-mentioned (meth)acrylic monomer of the formula (IV) can be especially obtained by (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid ester (more specifically, methyl (meth)acrylate or (methyl) Ethyl acrylate) is obtained by a method of reacting an alcohol and/or an amine. These reactions have been described above. The reactant to be reacted with (meth)acrylic acid or (meth) acrylate may advantageously conform to formula (V) HX-R-Y-R4 (V), wherein X is oxygen or a group of formula NR', wherein R 'A hydrogen or a group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms' R3 is an alkylene group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and Y is an oxygen, sulfur or a group of the formula NR", wherein R" is hydrogen or has 1 to 6 One of the carbon atom groups, and R4 is at least a double unsaturated group having at least 8 carbon atoms. The definitions of preferred R', R", R3, Y and R4 groups are given by reference to formula (IV). Preferred reactants of formula (V) include (methyl(octyl-2,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl (octyl-2,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-octyl -2,7·dienyloxyethanol, (methyl(octyl-2,7-dienyl)amino)ethylamine, (methyl(octyl 3,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl (octyl-3,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-oct-3,7-dienyloxyethanol, (methyl(oct-3,7-dienyl)amino) Ethylamine, (A-26-201226480-based (oct-4,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl (oct-4,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-oct-4 , 7-dienyloxyethanol '(methyl(octyl-4,7-dienyl)amino)ethylamine, (methyl(oct-5,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (B) (octyl-5,7-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-oct-5,7-dienyloxyethanol, (methyl(oct-5,7-dienyl)amino)ethylamine , (methyl (octyl-2,6-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl (octyl-2,6-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-octyl-2,6-diene Oxyethanol, (methyl(octyl-2,6-dienyl)amino)ethylamine, (methyl(octyl-2,5-dienyl)amine Ethyl alcohol, (ethyl (octyl-2,5-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-octane-2,5-dienyloxyethanol, (methyl (octyl-2,5-dienyl) Amino)ethylamine, (methyl(octyl-2.4-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl(octyl-2,4-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-oct-2,4 -dienyloxyethanol, (methyl(octyl-2,4-dienyl)amino)ethylamine, (methyl(oct-3,6-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl ( Octyl-3,6-dienyl)amino)ethanol, 2-octyl-3,6-dienyloxyethanol, (methyl(oct-3,6-dienyl)amino)ethylamine, ( Methyl (oct-3,5-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl(oct-3-5)diamino)ethanol]2-oct-3,5-dienyloxyethanol, ( Methyl (octyl-3,5-dienyl)amino)ethylamine, (methyl(oct-4,6-dienyl)amino)ethanol, (ethyl (oct-4,6-diene) Ethyl)ethanol, 2-oct-4,6-dienyloxyethanol and (methyl(oct-4,6-dienyl)amino)ethylamine. The reactants of formula (V) can be used individually or as a mixture. The reactant of the formula (V) can be obtained by a known method including short-chain polymerization of 1,3-butadiene. The term "short chain polymerization" as used herein refers to a reaction of a compound having a conjugated double bond in the presence of a nucleophile. The method set forth in the publications WO 2004/00293 1, WO 03 /03 1 3 79 and WO 02/1 00 8 03, in particular the catalyst and reaction conditions for the reaction, -27-201226480 And the temperature is incorporated into this specification for the purpose of disclosure. The short-chain polymerization of 1,3-butadiene is preferably carried out by using a metal compound containing a metal of Groups 8 to 1 of the periodic table as a catalyst, and more preferably a palladium compound, more preferably palladium-carbon. The olefin complex is described in more detail in the disclosure set forth above. As the nucleophile, especially diols such as ethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol and 1,3 -propylene glycol; diamines such as ethylenediamine, N-methylethylenediamine, hydrazine, Ν'-two can be used. Methylethylenediamine or hexamethylenediamine; or an amino alcohol such as amine ethanol, hydrazine-methylamine ethanol, hydrazine-ethylamine ethanol, amine propanol, hydrazine-methylamine propanol or hydrazine-ethylamine Propanol. In the case where (meth)acrylic acid is the nucleophile used, it is possible, for example, to obtain octadienyl (meth)acrylate, which is particularly suitable for use as a (meth)acrylic acid having 8 to 40 carbon atoms. body. The preferred pressures and temperatures at which short chain polymerization can be carried out are described above, and therefore reference is also made to the foregoing. The preparation of the isomer of the compound having an octa-2,7-dienyl group can be carried out by isomerizing a double bond in the presence of a compound having an octa-2,7-dienyl group. The (meth)acrylic polymer used in accordance with the present invention preferably comprises from 0.5% by weight to 60% by weight, more preferably from 1% by weight to 4% by weight, most preferably from 5% by weight to 25% by weight, particularly preferably 2% by weight to 20% by weight, of a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. These (meth)acrylic polymers are preferably obtainable by radical polymerization. Therefore, since the weight fraction of the base derived from the initiator or the molecular weight regulator (chain transfer agent) is generally negligible, the weight fraction of the individual units contained in the polymers is used for The weight fraction of the corresponding monomers from which the polymers are prepared is provided. The (meth)acrylic monomers having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group described above may be used singly or as a mixture of two or more monomers. In addition to the repeating unit derived from at least one of the above (meth)acrylic monomers having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the preferred polymer present in the dispersion of the present invention may Contains repeating units derived from other monomers. The copolymerizable monomers include, in particular, a monomer having an acid group, a monomer A containing an ester group, and a styrene monomer. The acid group-containing monomer is preferably a compound which is free-radically copolymerizable with the photoinitiator monomer described above. It includes, for example, a monomer having a sulfonic acid group such as ethylenesulfonic acid; a monomer having a phosphonic acid group such as a vinylphosphonic acid; and an unsaturated carboxylic acid such as methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, fumaric acid, and cis-butane Aenedioic acid. It is especially preferred to methacrylic acid and acrylic acid. The acid group-containing monomer may be used alone or as a mixture of two, three or more acid group-containing monomers. The monomer A comprising an ester group preferably comprises, in particular, a (meth) acrylate, a fumarate, a maleate and/or a vinyl acetate different from the monomers described above. The term (meth) acrylate includes methacrylate and acrylate as well as mixtures of the two. These monomers are well known. The comonomers include, inter alia, (meth) acrylates having no double bonds or heteroatoms in the alkyl group and -29 to 201226480 having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. The (meth) acrylate having no double bond or hetero atom in the alkyl group and having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group includes, in particular, a (meth) acrylate having a linear or branched alkyl group, for example (A) Methyl acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, Tertiary butyl (meth)acrylate and amyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, heptyl (meth)acrylate, (methyl) Octyl acrylate, 3-isopropylheptyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate; and cycloalkyl (meth)acrylate, such as (meth)acrylic acid ring Amyl ester, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, norbornyl (meth)acrylate and isodecyl (meth)acrylate. The (meth) acrylate having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group described above may be used singly or as a mixture. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, more preferably a (meth) acrylate having a high proportion of alkyl groups having 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 or 2 carbon atoms ( A methyl)acrylic polymer having no double or hetero atom in the alkyl group of the monomers. Accordingly, it is more preferred to have at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight, more preferably at least 50% by weight, most preferably at least 55% by weight of methyl (meth) acrylate, more preferably methacrylic acid. Methyl (meth)acrylic polymer. According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio of methyl (meth) acrylate to (meth) acrylate having 2 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and having no double bond or hetero atom in the alkyl group may be at least 0.5 : 1 'More preferably at least 2 : 丨, the weight is better at -30- 201226480 10:1 to 1:2' better 6:1 to 1:1, best 4:1 to 3: 2 range. Another type of comonomer is a (meth) acrylate having at least 11 carbon atoms in an alkyl group derived from a saturated alcohol and having no hetero atom in the alkyl group, such as undecyl (meth) acrylate, (methyl) 5-methylundecyl acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methyldodecyl (meth)acrylate, tridecyl (meth)acrylate, 5-methyl-dodecyl (meth)acrylate Triester, tetradecyl (meth)acrylate, penta(meth)acrylate, hexadecyl (meth)acrylate, 2-methylhexadecyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid Ester, 5-isopropylheptadecylide (meth)acrylate, 4-tert-butyl octadecyl (meth)acrylate, 5-ethyl octadecyl (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid 3 -isopropyl octadecyl ester, octadecyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (meth) acrylate, hexadecyl (meth) acrylate, whale decyl (meth) acrylate, (methyl) ) stearyl octadecyl acrylate, behenyl (meth) acrylate and/or hexyl trimethyl methacrylate; (methyl Cycloalkyl acrylates such as 2,4,5-tris-tert-butyl-3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2,3,4,5-tetra-tertiary (meth)acrylate Hexacyclohexyl ester; heterocyclic (meth) acrylate such as 2-(1-imidazolyl)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-(4- tyrosolinyl)ethyl (meth)acrylate, 1- (2-Methyl propylene oxiranyl)-2-pyrrolidone, 2-(3-oxazolidinyl)ethyl methacrylate; N-(2-(methyl) propylene oxiranyl) Ethyl urea, N-(2-(methyl) acrylamidoethyl) ethyl acetal); carbonyl-containing (meth) acrylate, such as ethyl acetyl methacrylate - 31 - 201226480 ethyl ester (AAEMA); nitrile (meth)acrylic acid and other nitrogen-containing methacrylates, such as N-(methacryloyloxyethyl)diisobutyl ketone imine, N-(methacrylofluorene Dihexyl ketimine, methacryl oxime guanamine acetonitrile, 2-methyl propylene oxiranyl-methyl cyanoguanamine, cyanomethyl methacrylate; (meth) acrylate Esters such as benzyl (meth) acrylate, benzophenone methacrylate (BPMA) Or phenyl (meth) acrylate, in each case the aryl group may be unsubstituted or substituted up to four times; the (meth) acrylate having a hydroxyl group in the alkyl group, more specifically (meth) acrylate 2-Hydroxyethyl ester, preferably 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, such as 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and 3-hydroxy (meth) acrylate Propyl ester, preferably hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA), hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, preferably hydroxybutyl methacrylate (HBMA), 3,4-dihydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate Ester, 2,5-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediol (meth)acrylate, 1,10-decane (meth)acrylate, glyceryl (meth)acrylate and (methyl) a polyalkylene oxide derivative of acrylic acid, more specifically a polypropylene glycol (meth)acrylate having 2 to 10', preferably 3 to 6 propylene oxide units, preferably having about 5 propylene oxides. One of the units is polypropylene glycol methacrylate (PPM 5), one of 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 6 ethylene oxide units (meth)acrylic acid polyethylene An alcohol ester, preferably having one of about 5 ethylene oxide units, polyethylene glycol methacrylate (PEM5), poly(butylene glycol) acrylate, and poly(ethylene) methacrylate Alcohol-polypropylene glycol ester; (meth) acrylamide, more specifically N-hydroxymethyl (meth) acrylamide-32-201226480, hydrazine, hydrazine dimethylaminopropyl (methyl) Acrylamide, butylaminoethyl methacrylate, diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), methacrylamide and acrylamide; glycerol carbonate methacrylate; 2-aminomethyl methacrylate Oxyethyl ester, and (meth) acrylate derived from saturated fatty acids, such as (meth) propylene methoxy-2-hydroxypropyl-palmitate, (meth) propylene oxy-2-hydroxypropyl Base-stearate and (meth)acryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-laurate. Other types of copolymerization systems are represented by crosslinking monomers. The monomers have at least two double bonds having similar reactivity in the free radical polymerization. It more specifically includes (meth) acrylate derived from a diol or from a higher polyol, such as a di(meth) acrylate glycol such as ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, di(methyl) Diethylene glycol acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid 1 , 3-butanediol, i,4-butylene glycol (meth)acrylate, 16-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, glycerol di(meth)acrylate, bis, Methacrylate and ethyl dimethacrylate; a (meth) acrylate having three or more double bonds, such as glyceryl di(meth)acrylate, trishydroxypropyl tri(meth)acrylate Propyl ester neopentyl glycol tetra(meth)acrylate, and neopentyltetrakis(penta)acrylate. The comonomers additionally include vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinyl Versatate, ethylene-vinyl acetate, ethylene-vinyl chloride; maleic acid derivatives, Such as maleic acid-33-201226480 anhydride, ester of maleic acid, such as dimethyl maleate, methyl maleic anhydride; and fumaric acid derivatives, such as anti-butyl Dimethyl enedionate 0 Other groups of comonomers are styrenic monomers such as styrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as α-methylstyrene and α-B. a styrene, a substituted styrene having an alkyl substituent on the ring, such as vinyl toluene and p-methyl styrene, a halogenated styrene such as monochlorostyrene, dichlorostyrene, tribromostyrene, and Tetrabromostyrene. Heterocyclic vinyl compounds such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, 3-ethyl-4-vinylpyridine, 2,3-dimethyl-5 -vinylpyridine, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperidine, 9-vinylcarbazole, 3-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 2-methyl-1-vinyl Imidazole, oxime-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-vinylpyrrolidone, oxime-vinylpyrrolidine, 3-vinylpyrrolidine, fluorene-vinyl caprolactam, fluorene-vinyl butyrolactam, Vinyl oxane, vinyl furan, vinyl thiophene, vinyl thiazide, vinyl thiazole and hydrogenated vinyl thiazole, vinyl oxazole and hydrogenated vinyl oxazole; maleimide, methyl cis Butylene diimine; vinyl ether and isobutyl ether; and vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride, representing other examples of comonomers. The surprising advantage is particularly preferably from 1% by weight to 99% by weight, based on the weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer, more preferably from 20% to 95% by weight, most preferably from 40% by weight to 90% by weight. (%) by weight of a (meth)acrylic polymer derived from a unit derived from a (meth) acrylate having no bis-34-201226480 bond or a hetero atom in the alkyl group and having from 丨 to 1 carbon atom in the alkyl group. display. It is particularly important that the (meth)acrylic polymer 'in particular, based on the weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer, has from 〇% by weight to 1% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 8% by weight. %, more preferably from 5% by weight to 5% by weight of the unit derived from the acid group-containing monomer. According to a specific modification of the present invention, the (meth)acrylic polymer of the present invention may have a weight of from 0% by weight to 60% by weight, more preferably from 5% by weight to 50% by weight. /. , the optimum 丨〇 weight% to 4 〇% by weight of the styrene monomer (more specifically, from styrene, substituted styrene having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, having an alkyl group on the ring) A unit derived from a substituted styrene and/or halogenated styrene. Further, 'the preferred one is a (meth)acrylic polymer having a very small proportion of (meth)acrylic acid having two or more carbon-carbon double bonds having the same reactivity as the (meth) acrylate group. According to the present invention - specifically modified, the proportion of the compound having two or more (meth)propionate groups is preferably limited to not more than 5 parts by weight based on the weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer. /. In particular, it does not exceed 2% by weight, and the amount is not more than 1% by weight, more preferably not more than 0.5% by weight, and most preferably not more than 〇, 丨% by weight. Preferred polymers for use in accordance with the invention comprise from 0.5% to 60% by weight, preferably from 1% to 40% by weight, more preferably from 2% to 20% by weight, having at least one double bond from the alkyl group. a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having 8 to 40 carbon atoms; 〇% by weight to 99% by weight, preferably 30% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably -35-201226480 is 40% by weight Up to 90% by weight of the unit derived from the monomer A containing an ester group; 〇% by weight to 10% by weight, preferably 1% by weight to 8% by weight of the unit derived from the monomer having an acid group; From 100% by weight to 10% by weight, preferably from 1% by weight to 5% by weight, of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of N-(2-(methyl)acryloyloxyethyl) acetal, N- (2-(Methyl)acryloylaminoethyl)-e-ethylurea, acetamyl ethoxyethyl methacrylate, diacetone acrylamide and benzophenone methacrylate; 0% by weight to 50% by weight of units derived from styrene monomer; and 0% to 50% by weight of units derived from other comonomers; According based on the total weight of the polymer. According to another preferred modification, the polymer used according to the invention comprises from 0.5% by weight to 60% by weight, preferably from 1% by weight to 30% by weight, more preferably from 4% by weight to 20% by weight, based on the alkyl group. a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms; 〇% to 99%, preferably 30% to 95%, more preferably 40% to 90% by weight % of a unit derived from a (meth) acrylate having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group; 0% by weight to 10% by weight, preferably 1% by weight to 8% by weight, based on having an acid group Monomer-derived unit; 0% to 50% by weight of units derived from styrene monomer; and 0% to 50% by weight of units derived from other comonomers; The lanthanide is based on the total weight of the polymer. It is also possible to use a core-shell polymer as the (meth)acrylic polymer-36-201226480, in which case the outermost shell of the core-shell polymer preferably has a weight of (meth)acrylate fragment 1 comprising: % to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25 % by weight of a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, 0.1% by weight to 10% by weight of the unit derived from the acid group-containing monomer, and 50% by weight to 99.9% by weight of the (meth) acrylate having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group The unit, in each case, is based on the weight of the (meth) acrylate fragment. The iodonium of the polymer used according to the invention preferably falls between 2 and 250 g of iodine per 100 g of polymer, more preferably between 5 and 100 g of iodine per 100 g of polymer, and the optimum is 10 per 1 g of polymer. Up to 50 g of iodine, measured according to DIN 53 24 1- 1. The iodonium can also be measured in particular on the basis of the dispersion of the invention. The polymer used according to the invention may advantageously have an acid bismuth in the range from 0 to 40 mg KOH/g, preferably from 1 to 20 mg KOH/g, most preferably from 2 to 10 mg KOH/g. The acid bismuth can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 2114 and also on a dispersion basis. The hydroxy hydrazine of the polymer used according to the invention preferably falls within the range of from 0 to 200 mg KOH/g, more preferably from 1 to 1 〇〇mg KOH/g, most preferably from 3 to 50 mg KOH/g. range. The hydroxy oxime can be determined according to DIN EN ISO 4629 and also on a dispersion basis. The particle radius of the polymer used in accordance with the present invention can range from -37 to 201226480. It is therefore particularly possible to use an emulsified polymer having a particle radius of from 1 to 500 nm, preferably from 10 to 100 nm, more preferably from 10 to 59 nm. According to another embodiment of the invention, the radius of the particles is preferably from 60 nm to 500 nm, more preferably from 70 to 150 nm, most preferably from 75 to 100 nm. The radius of the particles can be determined by PCS (photon spectroscopy) and the reported data is related to d50値 (50% smaller, 50% larger). For this purpose, it is possible to utilize, for example, a Beckman Coulter N5 submicron particle size analyzer. The glass transition temperature of the polymer is preferably in the range of from 〇 ° C to 70 ° C, more preferably in the range of from 5 to 60 ° C, most preferably in the range of from 10 to 50 ° C. The glass transition temperature can be affected by the nature and proportion of the monomers used to prepare the polymer. The glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer can be determined in a known manner and measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), more specifically, according to DIN ΕΝ I S 0 1 1 3 5 7 . The glass transition temperature is preferably determined as the midpoint of the glass phase of the second heating curve at a heating rate of 10 ° C per minute. Further, the glass transition temperature Tg can also be calculated in advance using the Fox equation. According to Fox T. G., Bull. Am. Physics Soc. 1, 3, p. 1 23 (1 9 5 6), where: 丄=five + + i

Tg Tgl Tg2 Tgn where Xn is the mass fraction of the monomer n (% by weight/100), and Tgn is the glass transition temperature (in degrees Kelvin) of the homopolymer of the monomer η. Other useful information can be found in the Polymer Handbook (2nd Edition, J. Wiley & Sons, New York (1 975)), which provides the Tg of the most common meta-polymers of -38-201226480. value. The polymer herein may have one or more different glass transition temperatures. Accordingly, the numbers are applicable to fragments obtainable by polymerizing the monomer mixture of the present invention. The minimum dispersion of a (meth)acrylic polymer having a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group used in accordance with the present invention The film temperature is preferably at least 10 ° C, more preferably at least 25 ° C, most preferably at least 40 ° C, which can be measured according to DIN IS Ο 2 1 15 . These crucibles involve dispersions that do not contain coalescents. The structure of the polymer is not critical for many applications and properties. Thus, such polymers (especially emulsion polymers) may represent scrambled copolymers, gradient copolymers, block copolymers and/or graft copolymers. The block copolymer and the gradient copolymer can be obtained by, for example, discontinuously changing the monomer composition during chain growth. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the emulsified polymer is a scrambled copolymer wherein the monomer composition is substantially unchanged during polymerization. Thus, as monomers may have different copolymerization parameters, the exact composition of the polymer chains of the overall polymer may vary. The polymer, preferably an emulsified polymer, may constitute a homogeneous polymer which forms, for example, particles having a uniform composition in the dispersion. In this case, the emulsified polymer may, for example, be composed of one or more fragments obtainable by polymerizing the above monomers or monomer mixtures. According to other embodiments of the invention, the polymer may comprise two or more fragments. For example, it is possible to use an emulsion polymer having a core-shell structure, which may have one, two, three or more shells. In this case, the fragment obtained by polymerizing the above monomer mixture preferably forms the most -39-201226480 outer shell of the core-shell polymer. The shell may be attached to the core by a covalent bond or to the inner shell. Further, the shell may also be polymerized without being grafted to the core or inner shell. In this embodiment, the fragment obtainable by polymerizing the above monomer or monomer mixture can be separated and separated from the core in many cases by using a suitable solvent. The weight of the core obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture having a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl group may preferably be 10:1 by weight. To 1:6, more preferably in the range of 5:1 to 1:3. The core may preferably be formed of a polymer comprising 50% by weight to 100% by weight, preferably 60% by weight to 90% by weight, of the unit derived from (meth) acrylate. Preferred herein are esters of (meth)acrylic acid having an alcohol group preferably containing from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more preferably from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, most preferably from 1 to 10 carbon atoms. These (meth) acrylates more particularly include (meth) acrylates derived from saturated alcohols, such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, Isopropyl (meth)acrylate, n-butyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, amyl (meth)acrylate and hexyl (meth)acrylate. According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the core can be prepared using a mixture comprising methacrylate and acrylate. Therefore, more specifically, it is possible to use a mixture of methyl methacrylate and an acrylate having 2 to 6 carbon atoms such as ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate and hexyl acrylate. Contains the comonomers described above. According to a preferred modification, the core can be crosslinked. This crosslinking can be achieved by using a monomer having two -40 to 201226480, three or more radically polymerizable double bonds. When it is desired to graft the shell to the core, the allyl acrylate is preferably a polyunsaturated monomer. Preferably, the shell of the emulsified polymer preferably comprises from 15 to 50% by weight of the alkyl group. A unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms. According to a specific embodiment, the glass transition temperature of the core is preferably in the range of -30 to 200 ° C, more preferably in the range of -20 to 150 ° C. The glass transition temperature of the shell is preferably in the range of -3 (TC to 70 ° C, more preferably in the range of -0 to 50 ° C, and most preferably in the range of 10 to 40 ° C. According to the present invention In a specific implementation, the glass transition temperature of the core may be greater than the glass transition temperature of the shell. Advantageously, the glass transition temperature of the core may be higher than the glass transition temperature of the shell by at least 1 (TC, preferably at least 20). The above (meth)acrylic polymer comprising a repeating unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group can be prepared in a known manner. For example, by solution polymerization, bulk polymerization or emulsion polymerization, changes in the polymerization methods such as ATRP (atomic transfer radical polymerization), NMP (polymerization of nitrogen oxide medium) or RAFT (reversible force fragmentation) may also be used. Chain transfer method. The polymerization is preferably carried out by emulsion polymerization. The emulsion polymerization process is described in a source comprising Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, version 5. For these processes, the general route is used to prepare include The aqueous phase of water and typical additives (more specifically, the emulsifier and protective colloid used to stabilize the emulsion).

C -41 - 201226480 The aqueous phase is then mixed with the monomer and polymerized in the aqueous phase. Monomers in the form of a mixture or emulsion in water may be added in batches or continuously over a certain time interval. The emulsion polymerization can be carried out, for example, as a mini emulsion or a microemulsion. They are described in more detail in Chemistry and Technology of Emulsion Polymerisation, Her·Μ. van Herk (editor), Blackwell Publishing, Oxford 2 0 0 5 and J · O ' D ο η ne 11, E · W · K a 1 er,M acromo 1 ecu 1 ar Rapid Communications 2007, 28(14), 1445-1454. Mini-milk is generally characterized by the use of co-stabilizers or swelling agents, often using long chain alkanes or alcohols. The droplet size in the case of the miniemulsion preferably falls within the range of 0.05 to 20 μm. The droplet size in the case of the microemulsion preferably falls within a range of less than 1 μη so that the particles to be obtained are smaller than 50 nm. In the case of microemulsions, additional surfactants are typically employed, examples of which are hexanol or similar compounds. The dispersion of the monomer-containing phase in the aqueous phase can be carried out in a known manner. It more specifically includes a mechanical method of applying ultrasonic waves as well. In the preparation of the homogeneous emulsion polymer, it is preferred to use a methyl group which preferably contains 0.5 to 60% by weight, preferably 1 to 40% by weight, of an alkyl group having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms. a monomer mixture of acrylic monomers. When preparing a core-shell polymer, the composition of the monomer mixture can be varied in several steps. The polymerization is preferably carried out until the composition is changed to a conversion of at least 80% by weight, more preferably at least 9.55% by weight. In each case, based on the total weight of the monomer mixture used. The progress of the polymerization in each step -42 - 201226480 can be monitored in a known manner, such as by gravimetric or gas chromatography. The monomer mixture used for the preparation of the core preferably comprises from 50% by weight to 1% by weight of the (meth) acrylate, and more preferably a mixture of acrylate and methacrylate. In addition to preparing the core, (preferably) comprising from 1% by weight to 60% by weight, preferably from 15% by weight to 25% by weight, of the alkyl group having at least one double bond and from 8 to 40 carbon atoms (A) A monomer mixture of an acrylic monomer is grafted or polymerized to the core. The emulsion polymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature of from 120 ° C to 120 ° C, more preferably from 30 to 100 ° C. It has been found that the polymerization temperatures particularly useful herein are in the range of from more than 60 ° C to less than 90 ° C, usually in the range of from more than 7 ° C to less than 85 ° C, preferably above 75 ° Temperature from °C to below 85 °C. The polymerization is initiated using an initiator which is customary for emulsion polymerization. Suitable organic starters are, for example, hydroperoxides such as tertiary butyl peroxide or cumene hydroperoxide. Suitable inorganic initiators are the alkali metal salts and ammonium salts of hydrogen peroxide and peroxodisulfuric acid, more specifically ammonium peroxodisulphate, sodium peroxodisulfate and potassium peroxodisulfate. Suitable redox initiator systems are, for example, tertiary amines and peroxides or alkali metal salts and ammonium salts of sodium disulfite and peroxodisulfuric acid (more specifically, sodium peroxodisulfate and potassium peroxodisulfate) a composition. Further details are known from the technical literature, more specifically from H. Rauch-Puntigam, Th. V5lker, "Acryl-und Methacrylverbindungen", Springer, Heidelberg, 19 6 7 or Kirk-Othmer, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology , -43- 201226480

Vol. 1, after page 386, J. Wiley, New York, 1978. It is especially preferred in this aspect of the invention to use organic and/or inorganic initiators. Both of the starters can be used individually or as a mixture. These preferred amounts are from 0.05% by weight to 3.0% by weight based on the total weight of the monomers in the individual stages. It may also be preferred to carry out the polymerization using a mixture of different polymerization initiators having different half-lives to maintain the polymerization process and the free radical flow at different polymerization temperatures. The stabilization of the batch is preferably achieved by the use of an emulsifier and/or a protective colloid. The emulsion is preferably stabilized by an emulsifier to obtain a low dispersion viscosity. The total amount of the emulsifier is preferably from 0.1% by weight to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the monomers used, especially from 1% by weight to 1% by weight, more preferably from 2% by weight to 5% by weight. According to one embodiment of the invention, a portion of the emulsifiers may be added during the polymerization. Particularly suitable emulsifiers are anionic or nonionic emulsifiers or mixtures thereof, more specifically an alkyl-sulfate, preferably an alkyl sulphate having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and from 8 to 8 in the alkyl group. 18 carbon atoms and alkyl ether sulfates having 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units and alkyl aryl sulfates; - sulfonate, preferably alkyl sulfonate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group An acid ester, an alkyl aryl sulfonate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, an ester and a monoester of a sulfosuccinic acid having 4 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and a monohydric or alkyl phenol; Suitably, the alcohol or alkylphenol may also be ethoxylated via from 1 to 40 ethylene oxide units; - a partial ester of phosphoric acid and its alkali metal and ammonium salts, preferably an alkyl or alkyl aryl-44 - 201226480 An alkyl phosphate having from 8 to 20 carbon atoms and having from 1 to 5 ethylene oxide units and an alkyl aryl phosphate; - an alkyl polyglycol ether, preferably having from 8 to 20 in the alkyl group a carbon atom and having 8 to 40 ethylene oxide units; an alkylaryl polyglycol ether, preferably having 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl or alkylaryl group and having 8 to 40 ethylene oxide units; - an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymer, preferably a block copolymer, preferably having from 8 to 40 ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide units. More particularly preferred anionic emulsifiers include fatty acid ether sulfates, dioctyl sulfosuccinate, lauryl sulfate, C15-alkane sulfonates, possibly in the form of an alkali metal salt, especially a sodium salt. Compound. These compounds are commercially available, more specifically under the trademarks Disponil® FES 32, Aerosol® OT 75, Texapon® Κ 1 296 and Statexan® K1, available from Cognis GmbH, Cytec Industries, Inc. and Bayer AG. And other companies. Useful nonionic emulsifiers include tertiary octylphenol ethoxylates having 30 ethylene oxide units and preferably having 8 to 20 carbon atoms and having 8 to 40 ethylene oxide units in the alkyl group. Fatty alcohol polyglycol ether. These emulsifiers are commercially available under the trademarks Triton® X 305 (Fluka), Tergitol® 15-S-7 (Sigma-Aldrich Co.), Marlipal® 1618/25 (Sasol Germany) and Marlipal® 0 13 /400 (Sasol Germany). It is preferred to use a mixture of an anionic emulsifier and a nonionic emulsifier. The weight ratio of the anionic emulsifier to the nonionic emulsifier may range from 20:1 to 1:20, preferably from 2:1 to 1:10, more preferably from 1:1 to 1:5. -45- 201226480 It has proven to be particularly suitable mixtures comprising a sulphate (especially a fatty acid ether of sulphuric acid), a lauryl sulfate or a sulphonate (especially dioctyl sulfosuccinate) or an alkane sulfonate as an anionic emulsifier. And an alkylphenol ethoxylate or a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether (in each case preferably having 8 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and having 8 to 40 ethylene oxide units) as a nonionic emulsifier mixture. If appropriate, the emulsifiers may also be used as a mixture with a protective colloid. Suitable protective colloids include partially hydrolyzed polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose and hydroxypropylcellulose, starch, protein, poly(methyl) Acrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylamide, polyvinylsulfonic acid, melamine-formaldehyde sulfonate, naphthalene-formaldehyde sulfonate, styrene-maleic acid and vinyl ether-maleic acid copolymerization Things. When a protective colloid is used, the amount of niobium is preferably from 1% by weight to 1.0% by weight based on the total of the monomers. These protective colloids may be included in the initial charge or metered in prior to the start of polymerization. The starter may be included in the initial charge or metered in. In addition, it is also possible that a portion of the initiator is included in the initial charge and the remainder is metered in. The polymerization is preferably carried out by heating the batch to the polymerization temperature and metering the addition of the starter, preferably in an aqueous solution. The metered addition of the emulsifier and monomer can be carried out separately or as a mixture, especially as an emulsion in water. In the case of metered addition of a mixture of emulsifier and monomer, the route employed is to emulsify or premix the emulsifier and monomer in water upstream of the mixer of the polymerization reactor. Preferably, a portion of the monomer (e.g., 1 to 10%) is first introduced to the reactor and the polymerization is initiated by the addition of the starting agent -46 - 201226480. The metering of the remaining monomers is preferably started after the start of the polymerization (e.g., 5 to 15 minutes after the start of the polymerization). Emulsified polymers which are preferably used and have a polymer having a high insoluble ratio can be obtained in the manner described above. It is known to obtain a reaction parameter having a high molecular weight. Therefore, more specifically, the use of a molecular weight regulator (chain transfer agent) may be omitted in this respect. In the case where the target is a low proportion of insoluble polymer, a molecular weight modifier (chain transfer agent) can be used. One of the ways to adjust the particle radius can be influenced by the ratio of the emulsifier. The higher the ratio, especially at the beginning of the polymerization, the smaller the particles obtained. The dispersion is preferably adjusted to have a pH of from 7 to 10 by the addition of a base after the preparation of the coating composition or during the formulation. To prepare the aqueous dispersion of the present invention, the above emulsion polymer may be mixed with - or a plurality of coalescents. The mixing of the emulsified polymer with at least one coalescent is preferably carried out at a temperature ranging from _10 to 50 °C, more preferably from 0 to 40 °C. This step can be done after the polymerization or only during the formulation into the coating material stage. a coalescent agent and a (meth)acrylic polymer comprising a repeating unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group may have a weight fraction In a wide range, it can usually be formulated in accordance with the desired properties. The coalescent agent preferably has a weight of a (meth)acrylic polymer comprising a repeating unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group. 47- 201226480: 1 to 1: 100, more preferably 1:5 to 1:50, the best 30 range. These dispersions can be used as a coating material. The water content is preferably in the range of from 1% by weight to 70% by weight, more preferably 60% by weight. For the preparation of the coating material of the invention, it is preferred to use a polymer dispersion which is incubated to a range of 1 0000 mPas, preferably 1 to 1 000 mPas, optimally 10, according to DIN EN 2 5 °C. Lower measurement (Brookfield). In addition to water, a coalescent, and the above (meth)acrylic polymer comprising a unit of a (meth)acrylic monomer having a bond from 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the present invention is based on the present invention. The aqueous dispersions used in the invention may include other components of the nature of the additives or materials to suit particular needs. These additionally include a dye aid, which is referred to as a drier, and a flow modifying dye. The coating material of the present invention does not require a driers, but may be a random component of the compositions. The special system can be added to the wicking dispersion. These driers more specifically include metals or alkaline earth metals such as lithium, potassium and calcium in which the organometallic is exemplified by transition metals such as cobalt, manganese, lead and bismuth. Examples which may be mentioned are cobalt acid and cobalt acetate. These driers may be used individually or as a mixture. In this case, it is preferred to include a cobalt salt, a cerium salt and lithium: 10 to 1 : a solids of 20% by weight of the dispersion to a layer viscosity of 〇. 1 to 500 mPas ISO 2555 in at least one double-derived repetitive coating material or a more specific agent of the coating material, a pigment in a drier to the aqueous compound, a soap thereof; an alkali metal comprising a naphthalene dimethane mixture using a salt Mixture -48- 201226480 The minimum film forming temperature of the coating material of the present invention is preferably not more than 50 ° C, particularly preferably not more than 30 ° C, and the optimum is not more than 20 ° C, which can be according to DIN ISO 2 1 1 5 Measurement. The aqueous dispersion having the above-mentioned coalescent of the present invention is more specifically used as a coating material or as an additive. These materials more specifically include lacquers and varnishes, impregnating compositions, adhesives and/or primer systems. A particularly preferred condition is that the aqueous dispersions can be used in the manufacture of lacquers, varnishes or impregnating compositions for use on wood and/or metals. The coatings obtainable from the coating materials of the present invention exhibit high solvent resistance; more specifically, only a small portion is dissolved from the coating due to the solvent. Preferred coatings exhibit high resistance, especially for methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK). Therefore, the amount of weight loss after treatment with MIBK is preferably not more than 50% by weight, more preferably not more than 5% by weight. The absorption of MIBK is preferably not more than 50,000% by weight, more preferably not more than 30,000% by weight, based on the weight of the coating used. The tantalum is measured at a temperature of about 25 ° C for at least 4 hours of exposure time, and the coating that accepts the measurement is a completely dry coating. The drying action takes place in the presence of, for example, oxygen or air to enable crosslinking. The coating obtained from the coating material of the present invention shows high mechanical stability. The pendulum hardness is preferably at least 2 5 s, preferably at least 3 5 s, most preferably at least 50 s, as measured according to DIN ISO 1 522. The coatings of the present invention exhibit surprisingly good mechanical properties. Particularly important coatings preferably have a nominal elongation at break of at least 1%, more preferably at least 200%, as measured according to DIN EN ISO 527 part 3. -49- 201226480 Furthermore, a further preferred coating exhibits a tensile strength measured according to DIN ΕΝ ISO 527 part 3 of at least 0.5 MPa, more preferably at least 2 Μ P a 〇 Furthermore, it is surprisingly proposed by the present invention A coating having a tensile strength of at least 1 MPa, more preferably at least 2 MPa and an elongation at break of at least 100%, more preferably at least 200%. Moreover, the preferred coatings obtainable from the coating materials of the present invention record surprisingly high adhesion strengths and, more specifically, can be determined according to cross-cutting tests. Therefore, in particular, according to the standard DIN EN ISO 2409, a classification of 0 to 1 can be obtained, more preferably 〇. The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the invention examples and comparative examples, and does not limit the invention. [Examples] Preparation of a mixture of methacryloxy-2-ethyl-fatty acid guanamine used in Preparation Example 1 was equipped with a knife stirrer equipped with a stirring sleeve and a stirring motor, a nitrogen inlet, and a liquid phase thermometer. A four-necked round bottom flask with a vapor bridge was charged with 206.3 g (0.70 mol) of a fatty acid methyl ester mixture, 42.8 g (0-70 mol) of ethanolamine, and 0.27 g (0.26%) of LiOH. The fatty acid methyl ester mixture comprises 6 wt% saturated C12 to C16 fatty acid methyl ester, 2.5% by weight saturated C17 to C20 fatty acid methyl ester, 52% by weight of monosaturated C18 fatty acid methyl ester, 1.5% by weight of monosaturated C20 to C24 Fatty acid methyl ester, 36% by weight of saturated C18 fatty acid methyl ester and 2% by weight of saturated C20 to c24 lipid -50-201226480 fatty acid methyl ester. The reaction mixture was heated to 150 °C. 19.5 ml of methanol was removed by distillation over a period of 2 hours. The resulting reaction product contained 86.5 % of fatty acid ethanolamine. The reaction mixture obtained was further processed without purification. After cooling, 1919 g (19.2 mol) of methyl methacrylate, 3_1 g of LiOH, and a starter mixture consisting of 500 ppm of hydroquinone monomethyl ether and 500 ppm of morphiathene were added. The reaction apparatus was flushed with nitrogen for 10 minutes with stirring. The reaction mixture is then heated to boiling. The methyl methacrylate/methanol azeotrope was separated and the temperature at the top of the column was raised to 100 ° C in several steps. At the end of the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to about 70 ° C and filtered. Excess methyl methacrylate was separated on a rotary evaporator. This produced 37 0 g of product (MUMA II). Preparation of Dispersion (MMA-Copolymer-BA-MUMA II-MAS 64-20- 1 5 - 1 ) First, 280 g of acrylic acid was operated in a 2 1 PE beaker using an Ultra-Turrax at 4000 rpm for 3 minutes. Butyl ester (BA), 896 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 210 g of methacryloxy-2-ethyl-fatty acid decylamine mixture, 14 g of methacrylic acid (MAS), 4.2 g Ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS), 42.0 g of Disponil FES 32 (30% form) and 1 202 g of water were emulsified. In a 21 glass reactor equipped with a water bath heating device and equipped with a wing agitator, 830 g of water and 1.05 g of Disponil FES 32 (-51 - 201226480 30% form) were charged and the starting The feed was heated to 80 ° C and mixed with 1.05 g of a solution of ammonium peroxodisulphate (APS) in 10 g of water. Five minutes after the addition of APS, the emulsion prepared previously was metered in over 240 minutes (interval: 3 minutes feed, 4 minute pause, 237 minutes feed the remainder). After the end of the feed, the batch was stirred at 80 ° C for 1 hour. Thereafter, it was cooled to room temperature and the dispersion was filtered through a VA mesh fabric having a mesh size of 0.09 mm. The prepared dispersion had a solid content of 39.5%, a pH of 5.9, a viscosity of 11 mPas, a rN5値 of 91 nm, and a minimum film formation temperature of 52 °C. Preparation Example 2 (MMA - Co-BAT-MUMA II-MAS 59-25-15-1) Preparation Example 1 was substantially repeated, but using 350 g of butyl acrylate (BA), 826 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 210 g of a mixture of methacryloxy-2-ethyl-fatty acid decylamine and 14 g of a monomer mixture of methacrylic acid (MAS). The prepared dispersion had a solid content of 39.7%, a pH of 5.8, a viscosity of 12·5 mPas, a rN5値 of 73 nm, and a minimum film formation temperature of 36.5 〇C. Preparation Example 3 (MMA-Copolymer-BA-MUMA I-MAS 64-20- 1 5- 1 ) First, in a 2 1 PE beaker, using Ultra-Turrax at 4000 rpm for 3 minutes, 280 g of butyl acrylate Ester (BA), 896 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 210 g of methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-linoleate, 14 g of methacrylic acid (MAS), 4.2 g Peroxydisulfide-52-201226480 Ammonium sulphate (8-3), 42.0 § 0丨8?〇11丨1?£8 32 (30% form) and 1202 § water emulsification. The methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl·linoleic acid ester is obtained by reacting linoleic acid with glycidyl methacrylate. In a 21 glass reactor equipped with a water bath heating device and equipped with a wing agitator, 83 5 g of water and 1.05 g of Disponil FES 32 (30% form) were charged and the initial charge was heated to 80. °C and mixed with 1.05 g of a solution of ammonium peroxodisulphate (APS) in 10 g of water. Five minutes after the addition of APS, the emulsion prepared previously was metered in over 240 minutes (interval: 3 minutes feed, 4 minute pause, 237 minutes feed the remainder). After the end of the feed, the batch was stirred at 80 ° C for 1 hour. Thereafter, it was cooled to room temperature and the dispersion was filtered through a VA mesh fabric having a mesh size of 〇.

The prepared dispersion had a solid content of 39.8%, a pH of 2.5, a viscosity of 14 mPas, a rN5値 of 71 nm, and a minimum film formation temperature of 44.0 ° C. Preparation Example 4 (MMA-co-polymer-BA-MUMA I-MAS 5 9-2 5 - 1 5 - 1 ) Preparation of Example 3' was substantially repeated but using 350 g of butyl acrylate (BA), 826 g of methyl methacrylate (MMA), 210 g of methacryl oxime A monomer mixture of oxy-2-hydroxypropyl-linolenic acid ester and 14 g of methacrylic acid (MAS). The prepared dispersion had a solid content of 39.8% 'pH of 2.3, viscosity of 13.5 mPas, ΓΝ5値 of 74 nm, and minimum film formation temperature of 34.5-53-201226480. Preparation Example 5 (MMA-co--BA- MUMA I-MAS 64-20- 1 5 - 1 ) First, in an 2 1 PE beaker, operate at 4000 rpm for 3 minutes using an Ultra-Turrax, 80 g of butyl citrate (BA), 273.9 g Methyl methacrylate (MMA), 70.9 g of methacryloxy-2-ethyl-fatty acid decylamine mixture 4.28 g of methacrylic acid (MAS), 1.2 g of peroxydisulfate (APS), 12.0 g of Disponil FES 32 (30°/. format) and 3 75.5 g of water are emulsified. The methacryloxy-2-hydroxypropyl-linolenic acid ester reacts linoleic acid with glycidyl methacrylate to obtain hydrazine in a water bath heating device equipped with a wing agitator 2 1 Glass reactor was charged with 23 0 g of water and 0.3 g of Disponil FES 32 (30% form), and the initial feed force was heated to 80 ° C with 0.3 g of ammonium peroxodisulfate ( APS) is mixed in 10 g of water. Five minutes after the addition of APS, the emulsion prepared previously was metered in over 240 minutes (interval: 3 minutes feed, 4 minute pause, 237 minutes feed the remainder). After the end of the feed, the batch was stirred at 80 ° C for 1 hour. Thereafter, it was cooled to room temperature and the dispersion was filtered through a VA mesh fabric having a mesh size of 0.09 mm. The prepared dispersion had a solid content of 38.5%, a pH of 2.5, a viscosity of 14 mPas, a rN5値 of 59 nm, and a minimum film forming temperature of 41 °C. The coating material of the present invention is prepared from the dispersion described above by adding a coalescent. This is done in particular using 2,7-octadienol and 2,7-octadienol*5 PO (mole mass 416 g/mol). Therefore, in particular, the investigation of the film formation temperature of the lowest -54 - 201226480 was carried out to obtain the chemical stability and mechanical properties of the coating material. 0 Examples 1 to 14 The minimum film formation was reduced by adding 2,7-octadienol. Temperature The dispersions described in Preparation Examples 1 and 3 were mixed with varying amounts of 2,7-octadien-1-ol and the minimum film formation temperature (MFT) reduction was measured. The data obtained and the amount of 2,7-octadienol used are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The numbers are related to the weight of the individual components, and the amount of the dispersion is based on the solid content. Table 1: i,7-octadienol oxime %1 From the dispersion of Preparation Example 1 [% based on solid content] MFT rci 0 100 52 Example 1 2 98 46.5 Example 2 4 96 34.5 Example 3 6 94 25.5 Example 4 8 92 17 Example 5 12 88 <0 Example 6 16 84 <0 Example 7 20 80 <0 -55-201226480 Table 2: 2,7·octadienol 1 Dispersion from Preparation Example 3 [% based on solid content] MFT r°ci 0 100 44 Example 8 2 98 34 Example 9 4 96 23.7 Example 10 6 94 21.5 Example 11 8 92 <0 Example 12 12 88 <0 Example 13 16 84 <0. Example 14 20 80 <0 Example 1 5 to 19 Reduce the minimum by adding 2,7-octadienol*5 PO Film Temperature The dispersion described in Preparation Example 3 was mixed with varying amounts of 2,7-octadienol*5 PO and the minimum film formation temperature (MFT) reduction was measured. The data obtained and the amount of 2,7-octadienol*5 PO used are shown in Table 3. The numbers are related to the weight of the individual components and the amount of dispersion is based on the solids content. Table 3: 2,7-octadienol*5 PO From the dispersion of Preparation Example 3 MFT Γ%1 [% based on solid content] [°C1 0 100 44 Example 15 4 96 30 Example 16 8.3 91.7 19 Example 17 12.8 87.2 15 Example 18 16.4 83.6 <0 Example 19 20.3 79.7 <0-56-201226480 Example 2 0 to 2 2 Reduce the minimum film formation by adding diallyl malonate Temperature The dispersion described in Preparation Example 5 was mixed with different amounts of diallyl malonate and the minimum film formation temperature (MFT) was measured. The data obtained and the amount of diallyl malonate used are shown in Table 4. These numbers are related to the weight of the individual components and the amount of dispersion is based on the solids content. Table 4: Diallyl malonate %%1 The dispersion obtained from Preparation Example 5 [% based on solid content] MFT rci 0 100 41 Example 20 2 98 19 Example 21 4 96 9 Example 22 5 95 0 Examples 23 to 25 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 5 was mixed with different amounts of triallyl citrate by adding triallyl citrate to reduce the minimum film formation temperature, and the minimum film formation temperature was measured. (MFT) reduction. The data obtained and the amount of triallyl citrate used are shown in Table 5. These numbers are related to the weight of the individual components and the amount of dispersion is based on the solids content. '-57- 201226480 Table 5: Triallyl citrate was obtained from the dispersion of Preparation Example 5 MFT r%i [% based on solid content] rci 0 100 41 Example 23 2 98 27 Example 24 4 96 19 Example 25 5 95 15 Examples 26 to 28 The dispersion described in Example 5 was prepared with the same amount by adding trimethylolpropane tris(meth)acrylate (TMPTMA) to lower the minimum film formation temperature. Trimethylolpropane (meth)acrylate (TMPTMA) was mixed and the minimum film formation temperature (MFT) was measured. The data obtained and the amount of TMPTMA used are shown in Table 6. The numbers are related to the weight of the individual components and the amount of dispersion is based on the solids content. Table 6: TMPTMA Dispersion MFT from Preparation Example 5 M% f%1 [%1 based on solid content rci 0 100 41 Example 26 2 98 27 Example 27 4 96 27 Example 28 5 95 25 Discussion of properties Methods The properties of the resulting coating materials were investigated. For this purpose, tests for solvent resistance, water absorption and hardness were carried out on the dried film. -58- 201226480 Solvent resistance was determined using methyl isobutyl ketone (mibk), wherein the samples were swollen by MIBK for 4 hours at room temperature. The sample is then removed from the solvent to remove excess solvent. The sample was then dried at about 140 ° C for 1 hour. The enthalpy shown in Table 7 is related to the weight of the MIBK-treated coating, which is also referred to herein as "true swell." The hardness of the coating (usually the measure of scratch resistance) is explored by the Kiinig pendulum test (DIN ISO 1 522). Examples 29 to 34 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 2 was mixed with different amounts of 2,7-octadienol*5-P〇(〇CP) and a drier (cobalt naphthenate (Fluka)). . The number 値 expressed as a percentage by weight in Table 7 is related to the solid content of the dispersion. Dry the coating for 1 day before discussing solvent resistance. The pendulum hardness was measured after different drying times. Table 7 (solvent resistance) OCP [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] true swelling Γ%1 Solvent absorption rate r%i Mass loss r%i Example 29 10 0 446 326 22 Example 30 10 0.75 343 251 21 Example 31 10 1.5 308 227 20 Example 32 14 0 426 307 23 Example 33 14 0.75 352 245 24 Example 34 14 1.5 325 227 23 -59- 201226480 Table 7 (pendulum hardness) OCM [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] The pendulum hardness after drying of the sample 7 days isl 13 days rsi 36 days "si Example 29 10 0 38 36 46 Example 30 10 0.75 43 45 55 Example 31 10 1.5 43 43 57 Example 32 14 0 22 21 29 Example 33 14 0.75 32 32 48 Example 34 14 1.5 32 34 45 Example 3 5 to 3 7 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 2 was treated with different amounts of methoxyoctane-2, 7-diene (octyl-2,7-dienylmethyl ether) (OCM) and driers (cobalt naphthenate (Fluka)) are mixed. The number of ruthenium and dispersion in Table 8 is expressed by weight. The solids content is related. The coating is dried for 1 day before the solvent resistance is investigated. The pendulum hardness is measured after different drying times. Table 8 (solvent anti-'s) O CM [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] true swelling %%1 Solvent absorption rate mass loss [%1 Example 35 20 0 555 425 20 Example 36 20 0.75 340 263 17 Example 37 20 1.5 316 239 19 Table 8 (pendulum hardness) OCM [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] Coveted hardness after drying of the sample 7 days Tsl 13 days rsl 30 days rsi Example 35 20 0 67 74 83 Example 36 20 0.75 83 78 73 Example 37 20 1.5 57 63 63 -60- 201226480 Examples 38 to 40 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 2 was prepared with different amounts of octane-2,7-dienol (OCL) and drier (ring Cobalt alkoxide (Fluka) was mixed. The number in liters expressed in Table 9 is related to the solids content of the dispersion. The coating was dried for 1 day before the solvent resistance was investigated. The pendulum hardness was measured after different drying times. Table 9 (solvent resistance) OCL [% by weight] driers [% by weight] true swell Γ%1 solvent absorption rate r%i mass loss Γ%1 Example 38 10 0 501 380 20 Example 39 10 0.75 344 265 18 Example 40 10 1.5 321 256 15 Table 9 (pendulum hardness) OCL [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] Drying 彷 粜彳 pendulum hardness 7 days rsi 16 days _ rsi 23 days 实施 Example 38 10 0 62 64 95 Example 39 10 0.75 59 94 109 Example 40 10 1.5 59 90 101 Example 4 1 to 4 3 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 4 was mixed with different amounts of 2,7-octanediamine*5-P0 (0CP) and a drier (cobalt naphthenate (Fluka)). The number 値 expressed in weight percent in Table 10 is related to the solids content of the dispersion. The coating was dried for 10 days before solvent resistance was explored. -61 - 201226480 Table 10: OCM [Ray %] Drier [% by weight] Real swelling Γ%1 Solvent absorption rate %%1 Mass loss ί%1 Example 41 8 0 571 416 23 Example 42 8 0.75 574 411 24 Example 43 8 1.5 548 391 23 Examples 44 to 46 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 4 was prepared with different amounts of methoxy-2,7-diene (octyl-2,7-dienyl) (ether) (0 CM) and a drier (cobalt naphthenate (Fluka)). The number 値 expressed in weight percent in Table 11 is related to the solid content of the dispersion. Before investigating solvent resistance, dry coating 1 〇1 1 : OCM [% by weight] driers [% by weight] true swell Γ%1 solvent absorption Γ%1 mass loss Γ%1 Example 44 20 0 610 455 22 Example 45 20 0.75 584 426 23 Example 46 20 1.5 555 408 22 Example 4 7 to 4 9 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 2 was prepared with different amounts of octa-2,7-dienol ( OCL) is mixed with a drier (Fluka naphthenate). The number 値 expressed as a percentage by weight in Table 12 is related to the solid content of the dispersion. The coating was dried for 1 day before the solvent resistance was investigated. -62- 201226480 Table 12: OCL [% by weight 1 driers [% by weight] true swell r%i solvent absorption rate r%i mass loss Γ %1 Example 47 8 0 858 573 30 Example 48 8 0.75 557 411 22 Example 49 8 1.5 526 394 21 Example 5 0 to 5 2 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 1 was treated with different amounts of 2,7-octadienol*5-P0 (0CP) and a drier ( Cobalt naphthenate (Fluka) is mixed. The number 値 expressed as a percentage by weight in Table 13 is related to the solid content of the dispersion. The pendulum hardness was measured after different coating drying times. Table 13 (pendulum hardness) OCP [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] Drop 1 after drying of the sample 7 days rsl 15 days "si 29 days [s] _ Example 50 8 0 41 53 57 Example 51 8 0.75 43 50 49 Example 52 8 1.5 42 49 50 Example 5 3 to 5 5 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 1 was treated with different amounts of methoxyoctane-2,7-diene (xin-2). , 7-dienyl methyl ether) (〇CM) and a drier (cobalt naphthenate (Fluka)). The number in liters expressed in Table 14 is related to the solid content of the dispersion. Measurement of pendulum hardness after layer drying time -63- 201226480 Table 14 (pendulum hardness) OCM [% by weight] Drier [% by weight] Dangling after sample drying 3 Hardness 7 days "si 10 days rsi 29 days rsi implementation Example 53 20 0 73 81 92 Example 54 20 0.75 62 66 66 Example 55 20 1.5 70 63 66 Example 5 6 to 5 8 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 1 was treated with different amounts of xin-2,7- The dienol (OCL) is mixed with a drier (Fluka). The number in liters expressed in Table 15 is related to the solids content of the dispersion. Then measure the pendulum hardness. Table 15 (pendulum hardness) OCL [% by weight] Drier [weight 〇 / 〇] The coveted hardness after drying of the sample 4 days isl 14 days isl 23 days [si Example 56 8 0 41 52 78 Example 57 8 0.75 38 73 90 Example 58 8 1.5 42 73 90 Example 5 9 to 6 1 The dispersion described in Preparation Example 5 and 5 % by weight of the coalescent represented by Table 16 And 1.5% by weight of driers (Nuodex®) are mixed and expressed in weight percent based on the solid content of the dispersion. The pendulum hardness is measured after the coating has been dried for different time. -64 - 201226480 Table 16 (Pitch hardness) Dip after the sample was dried i Hardness 1 day 7 days 21 days Tsl "si Tsl Example 59 Diallyl malonate 61.6 71.4 96.6 Example 60 Triallyl citrate 42.0 46.2 47.6 Example 61 TMPTMA 61.6 58.3 85.4 -65-

Claims (1)

201226480 VII. Patent application scope: 1. A water-based coating material comprising at least one dispersion of a weak acid polymer and at least one coalescent, characterized in that the (meth)acrylic polymer a unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, the coalescent having at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond and having a molecular weight of less than 1,000 The aqueous coating material of claim 1, wherein the coalescent comprises at least two ethylenically unsaturated double bonds. 3. The aqueous coating material of claim 1 Wherein the coalescent comprises no more than 15 carbon atoms. 4. The aqueous coating material of claim 1, wherein the coalescent has a molecular weight of from 140 g/mol to 500 g/mol. The aqueous coating material of claim 1, wherein the coalescent has a boiling point of at least i80 ° C at atmospheric pressure (1 024 mbar). 6. The aqueous coating material according to claim 1, wherein The carbon atom of the coalescent is on the ethylene system The ratio of the unsaturated double bonds is in the range of 3:1 to 8: 1. 7. The aqueous coating material of claim 1, wherein the coalescent agent has an HLB of from 3 to 19. The aqueous coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the coalescent is an alcohol. 9. The aqueous coating material-66 as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7. 201226480 A material in which the coalescent is an ester. I 0 is an aqueous coating material according to claim 9 wherein the coalescent is a diallyl ester of a dicarboxylic acid. II. The aqueous coating material according to any one of the items 7 wherein the (meth)acrylic polymer comprises 0.5 to 60% by weight of (methyl) having at least one double bond and 8 to 4 carbon atoms from the alkyl group. The unit derived from the acrylic monomer. The aqueous coating material according to any one of the above claims, wherein the (meth)acrylic polymer comprises from 1 to 3% by weight. a unit derived from a (meth) acrylate having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms in the base, 0. 1 to 10% by weight of a unit derived from an acid group-containing monomer, and 50 to 99.9% by weight of a unit derived from a (meth) acrylate having an oxime to 6 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, The aqueous coating material according to any one of the items 1 to 7 wherein the (meth)acrylic polymer is the weight of the (meth)acrylic polymer. a core-shell polymer, and the outermost shell comprises a (meth) acrylate fragment comprising: 1 to 30% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid having at least one double bond and 8 to 40 carbon atoms from the alkyl group The unit derived from the ester, 0.1 to 10% by weight of the unit derived from the acid group-containing monomer' and 50 to 98.9 % by weight of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (-67-201226480 methyl group) The unit derived from the acrylate 'in each case is based on the weight of the (meth) acrylate fragment. 14. The aqueous coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the dispersion of the (meth)acrylic polymer containing no coalescent has a minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of at least 25 ° C. 15. The aqueous coating material of any one of claims 1 to 7 wherein the minimum film forming temperature (MFFT) of the coating material does not exceed 2 (TC. -68-201226480. · (1) The representative representative of the case is: No (2) The symbol of the symbol of the representative figure is simple: No 201226480 V. If there is a chemical formula in this case, please disclose the chemical formula that best shows the characteristics of the invention: None