201215937 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種光纜結構，尤指一種由具單層包覆的光纖 所構成的光纜結構，有便於施工、提高施工品質與效率的光纜結 【先前技術】 相較於傳統的電訊號’光由於其訊號與頻寬等多種優越的物 理特性，包括大頻寬、低損耗、高安全性、免電磁場或電磁輻射 的干擾等，早已取代了傳統的電訊號成為資通訊號傳遞的首選。 光纖’即是用來傳遞光訊號的媒材。隨著光電技術的進步與普及， 加上通訊、資訊或影音娛樂等應用的開發，以光纖為基礎的通訊 設施更是早已成為市場上的主流技術。另一方面，以光纜為主要 媒材的網路架設穿透率更經常被引用，儼然形成一個地區基礎建 設的重要指標。 由於光纖質地脆弱’容易被折斷，其表面也容易因磨擦造成 毀損，因此除了光纖本身的製作往往需要在其外層以適當的材料 加以塗佈與包覆，以保護光纖。因此，一般的光纖裸纖，通常包 含二個部分’其核心為具高折射率的石英玻璃芯的纖核(core)、其 外包覆一層低折射率矽玻璃包層的纖殼(cladding)、最後再包覆一 層較軟(soft coating)與一層較硬(hard coating)加強用的樹脂塗層’ 上述二層的樹脂塗層一般合併稱為緩衝層(buffer layer)。即便如 201215937 此’在實際的光纖鹏佈建上，域還是須要先被再製作成光繞， 才能夠真正的被使用於光纖網路的佈建。因此，一般所謂的光纖 網路，更精確的說法應為光纜網路。 然而，由於石英玻璃材質的光纖質地十分脆弱，因此，其本 身外4的;^脂塗層必須具備足夠㈣勤度以確保光纖在製成光 欖的過程中不會受到加工製程的損害。另—方面，由於光纖與光 緵網路的佈建必雜據順著建熱或地形的變化而撓曲，因此光 #、甓與其内部的光纖也需具備適當的耐挽曲度。因此，光纖外部的 樹脂塗層不能是完全剛性而缺乏撓曲性的材f或結構。如何在強 動度與耐撓曲度巾取辭衡，—直是光纖製造#者在光纖外部的 樹脂塗層與纖殼的結構厚度與材料的選擇上，不斷努力的目標。 另-方面’光纜是將光纖裸纖集結成束後，再加上包覆、支 擇、P方水等介質封管加讀造，以達到_光_目的。光縣 造的另-健要麟題是，要雜规的獻制性。常見的光 •纜連接包括熱紐、利用連接器進行的活動性連接，等不同的施 套這二既有的把工方法都需要將包覆在光纖裸纖以外的樹脂 塗層與光_的其他介_除，關將先___芯進行炼 接式或接頭式的連接。由於這項施工方式需要額外謹慎，稍一不 慎，極可能損壞光纖，嚴重影響光訊號的_。因此，對於光纖 外部的樹脂塗層與纖殼的要求，除了適度的_度與耐撓曲度 外，必須要再加上谷易移除，以利施工一項考量。 201215937 例如，美國專利5,381，504號揭露一種光纖結構，該光纖結構 具有一永久性保護層(permanent protective c〇ating)，該保護層具 有Shore D硬度65以上，係附著於其光纖核心得外面。該光纖 結構可進一步包括一緩衝層(bufferlayer)，該緩衝層更包括一位於 内層的彈性層（resilient layer)，與一位於外層的剛性層(rigid layer)。另外，不管任何光纖結構，在製成光纜時上述的考量因 素、例如，強韌度、耐曲撓性、外層易於剝離以利施工等，仍是 Φ 決定光纜結構的重要考量。 第一圖所示為現行的光纜結構的剖面示意圖。如第一圖 所示，現行的光、纜結構由裡到外至少包括至少一抗張體(也沈组h member) 105、至少一光纖單元11〇、以及一外披層1〇6，其中光纖 ^ 單元110更包括一由纖核和纖殼構成的光纖101、一光纖彈性包覆 層102、一光纖剛性包覆層1〇3、以及一光纖套管1〇4，該光纖套 管104可為以緊管(tight buffer)或鬆包(loose tube)來實施。由於光 _、覺型式包含多種變化，因此其中各組成元件之相對位置、數量或 所用材質皆可有多種選擇，其設計可依應用之需要而變動。例如， 抗張體105之主要功能係扮演光纜内承受拉力的主體，可以集中 擺置於光纜的中心位置，也可平均分散於光纜内部或靠近外緣之 邊緣處。第一圖中所示係為置放於中心處，僅為示意用，並非以 此為限。外披層106係構成光纜結構的外型，並且提供防水等保 護功能。值得注意的是，光纖單元110中的光纖1〇1可為任何的 光纖結構，例如，前述之美國專利5,381，504號所揭露的光纖結構。 201215937 然而不論採用任何的光纖101，其外部的由彈性包覆層與剛性包覆 層所構成的緩衝層是將光纖加工成光境時不可或缺的必要元件。 如前所述，許多光纖製造商將先__定義為包含三個部分， 其核心為具高折射率的玻璃芯，稱為纖核、其外包覆一層低折射 率的夕破璃包層，稱為纖殼(其中纖核與纖殼構成光纖1〇1)、一層 加強用的樹脂塗層（光纖彈性包覆層1〇2)、最後再包覆一層加強 用的樹脂塗層(光纖剛性包覆層⑽）。光纖套管HH係套置於光纖 裸纖外’用於保護光纖，同樣地，也有多種適合的材料以供選擇。 光纖套管104亦可用光纖緊管_ _♦戈鬆包（L〇〇se㈣代 替’其中緊管亦包含半緊管（semi_tight buffer)…般而言，光纖 緊管（含半緊管)或鬆包均可視為光纖套管1〇4的一種等同實施 手段。 在進行光_路佈建連接時，上述之光_構必須經過下列 步驟：剝去外披層106、剝去光纖套管1〇4、剝去光纖剛性包覆層 103與光纖雜包覆層IG2、⑴補或其他溶祕拭光纖⑻、切 割雄端面、最後進行熔接或機械性接頭的接續以完成連接。 值得注意的是’上述之·先_性包覆層1G3與_彈性包覆 層102步驟在進行現場施工時往往容易出錯，損及光纖肋表面， k成宝又相不堪用或嚴重影響未來使用時的訊號品質或壽命。因 此，施工時的品質要求度絲是另一個重要的成本考量。 因此，如何建構—個易於施王、提高駐品質與效率的光瘦 結構是設計者面_重要議題，也是目前業界的當務之急。 201215937 【發明内容】 基於上述習知技術之缺失，本發明為之主要目的在於提供一 種由具單層包覆的光纖所構成，能夠簡化加工流程、降低生產成 本的光纜結構。 本發明為之另一目的在於提供一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構 成，有便於施工、提高施工品質與效率的光纜結構。 為達成上述目的，本發明提供一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構 成的光纜結構，包含由裡到外至少包括至少一抗張體、至少一具 單層包覆的光纖、以及一外披層，其中該具單層包覆的光纖可為 例如前述之美國專利5,381，5〇4號所揭露的光纖結構。本發明之另 一實細例，可在該具單層包覆的光纖外為套置一光纖套管，該光 纖套管亦可用光纖緊管或鬆包實施。 為其能對本發明之目的、功效及構造特徵有更詳盡明確的瞭 解，茲舉可實施力併配合圖示說明如後： 【實施方式】 第二圖所示為本發明之一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構成的光 纔結構示意圖。如第二圖所示，本發明之光纜結構由裡到外至少 包括至少一抗張體1〇5、至少一具單層包覆的光纖2〇1、以及一外 披層106。如前所述’由於光纜型式包含多種變化，因此其中各組 成元件之相對位置、數量或所用材質皆可有多種選擇，其設計可 依應用之需要而變動。例如，抗張體1〇5之主要功能係扮演光纜内 201215937 承受拉力的主體，可以集中擺置於光纜的中心位置，也可平均分 散於光⑽或靠近外緣之邊緣處。第二圖巾所示係為置放於中 心處，僅為不意用，並非以此為限。抗張體1〇5可以採用，例如， KEVLAR FRP、或金屬等不同材料製成。外披層I%係構成光镜 結構的外型，並提供防水等保護功能。外披層1〇6亦有多種材料可 選用，例如，PVC、PE、FRP等材料，其最佳厚度係為on 〇mm， 外徑以2-5mm為較佳之實施例。該具單層包覆的光纖2〇1可為例如 刖述之美國專利5,381，504號所揭露的單一永久保護層包覆的光纖 結構。 第二圖所示為本發明之一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構成的光 纜結構第二種實施例示意圖。與第二圖相較，第三圖所示之第二 實施例係在該具單層包覆的光纖201外加套一層光纖套管，該光纖 套104可用光纖緊管或鬆包實現。換言之，本實施例之光纖單元 310係由具單層包覆的光纖201與其外的光纖套管104所構成。 值得注意的是’第一圖中的習知的光纜結構相較，本發明之 光纜結構減少了包覆在光纖101外層的光纖彈性包覆層102與光纖 剛性包覆層103，上述二包覆層皆為習知的光纜結構中不可或缺的 必要元件。由於光纖核心1〇1外層的光纖彈性包覆層1〇2與光纖剛 性包覆層103—般約佔光纖成本的5-10%，因此本發明可以降低光 纖成本。更重要的，本發明的光纜結構，在進行光纖網路佈建連 接時’僅需剝去外披層106、以酒精或其他溶液擦拭具單層包覆的 光纖201、切割具單層包覆的光纖2〇1端面、最後進行熔接或機械 201215937 性接頭的接續以完成連接。或者，針對第二實施例時再進行一剝 去光纖套管1〇4的步驟。如此一來，與習知的光纜結構相較，本發 明至少省略了剝去光纖剛性包覆層i 0 3與光纖彈性包覆層】〇2的步 驟，也降低了損及具單層包覆的光纖加表面的可能性避免造成 毁損不顧或嚴重影響未來使㈣醜號品質或壽命。因此，本 發明之光縵結構有便於施工、提高施工品質與效率的優越性。 經由以上本發明之實施例與現有之習知技術比較，本發明有 以下之優點： 1.結構簡單’能夠簡化加玉流程、降低生產成本的、具市 場競爭力。 易於化工、^施工品質與效率，減少網路佈建時的損 失。 ' 因此，本發明之一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構成的光纜結 構確月b藉所揭露之技藝’達到所預期之目的與功效符合發明 專利之新酿，進步性魅業_性之要件。 淮以上所揭露之圖示及說明，僅為本發明之較佳實施例而 已非為用以限疋本發明之實施，大凡熟悉該項技藝之人士其所 依本發明之精神，所作之變倾修飾，皆義蓋在以下本案之申 凊專利範園内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖所示為習知的光纜結構示意圖，· 201215937 第二圖所示為本發明之一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構成的光纜結 構的第一實施例示意圖；以及 第三圖所示為本發明之一種由具單層包覆的光纖所構成的光纜結 構的第二實施例示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 光纖 101 光纖彈性包覆層 102 光纖剛性包覆層 103 光纖套管 104 抗張體 105 外披層 106 光纖單元 110 具單層包覆的光纖 201 光纖單元 310201215937 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an optical cable structure, and more particularly to an optical cable structure composed of an optical fiber with a single layer covering, and has an optical cable knot which is convenient for construction and improves construction quality and efficiency. [Prior Art] Compared with the traditional telecommunication 'light, because of its superior physical characteristics such as signal and bandwidth, including large bandwidth, low loss, high security, electromagnetic field-free or electromagnetic radiation interference, it has already replaced The traditional telecommunication number has become the first choice for the transmission of the communication number. The fiber optic is the medium used to transmit optical signals. With the advancement and popularization of optoelectronic technology, coupled with the development of applications such as communication, information or audio-visual entertainment, fiber-based communication facilities have long been the mainstream technology in the market. On the other hand, the network penetration rate, which uses fiber optic cable as the main medium, is often cited as an important indicator of regional infrastructure. Since the fiber is fragile and easy to be broken, its surface is also easily damaged by friction. Therefore, in addition to the fabrication of the fiber itself, it is often necessary to coat and coat the outer layer with a suitable material to protect the fiber. Therefore, a general fiber bare fiber usually comprises two parts whose core is a core of a quartz glass core having a high refractive index, and a cladding with a low refractive index 矽 glass cladding. Finally, a soft coating and a hard coating for reinforcing the resin coating are applied. The above two-layer resin coating is generally referred to as a buffer layer. Even if the actual fiber optic fabric was built in 201215937, the domain needs to be re-made into a light-wound, so that it can be used in the construction of the fiber-optic network. Therefore, the so-called fiber network, the more accurate statement should be the cable network. However, since the optical fiber texture of quartz glass is very fragile, it must have sufficient (4) diligence to ensure that the optical fiber is not damaged by the processing process during the process of making the glare. On the other hand, since the construction of optical fibers and optical networks must be flexed according to changes in heat build-up or terrain, optical #, 甓 and its internal fibers must also have appropriate buckling resistance. Therefore, the resin coating on the outside of the fiber cannot be a material or structure that is completely rigid and lacks flexibility. How to draw a balance between the strength and the resistance to the deflection, which is the goal of continuous efforts in the choice of the resin coating and the structural thickness and material of the fiber outside the fiber. In another aspect, the optical fiber cable is formed by combining the optical fiber bare fibers into a bundle, and then adding a medium, such as a coating, a support, and a P-square water, to achieve the _light_purpose. The other key to the Guangxian County is the need for miscellaneous regulations. Common optical and cable connections include hot springs, active connections using connectors, etc. Different application sets. Both existing methods require resin coating and light coating that is coated on the fiber bare fiber. Others _ ,, off will first ___ core for refining or joint connection. Because this construction method requires extra caution, it is very likely to damage the fiber and cause serious damage to the optical signal. Therefore, in addition to the moderate _ degree and flexural resistance of the resin coating and the shell of the fiber, it is necessary to add the valley to remove the material for consideration. For example, U.S. Patent No. 5,381,504 discloses a fiber-optic structure having a permanent protective layer having a Shore D hardness of 65 or more attached to the outer core of the fiber. The fiber structure may further include a buffer layer, the buffer layer further comprising a resilient layer on the inner layer and a rigid layer on the outer layer. In addition, regardless of any fiber structure, the above considerations, such as toughness, flexural resistance, and easy peeling of the outer layer for construction, are still important considerations for determining the cable structure. The first figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the current cable structure. As shown in the first figure, the current optical and cable structure includes at least one tensile member (also referred to as a member) 105, at least one optical fiber unit 11〇, and an outer covering layer 1〇6 from the inside to the outside, wherein The optical fiber unit 110 further includes an optical fiber 101 composed of a core and a shell, a fiber elastic covering layer 102, a fiber rigid covering layer 〇3, and a fiber ferrule 1〇4, the fiber ferrule 104. It can be implemented as a tight buffer or a loose tube. Since the light _ and the sensation type contain various changes, the relative positions, the number of the components, or the materials used can be variously selected, and the design can be changed according to the needs of the application. For example, the main function of the tensile body 105 is to act as a main body for tension in the cable, which can be placed centrally in the cable or evenly distributed inside or near the edge of the cable. The figure shown in the first figure is placed at the center and is for illustrative purposes only and is not limited to this. The outer layer 106 constitutes the outer shape of the cable structure and provides a waterproof and other protective function. It is to be noted that the fiber 1-1 in the fiber unit 110 can be any fiber structure, such as the fiber structure disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 5,381,504. 201215937 However, regardless of the use of any of the optical fibers 101, the outer buffer layer composed of the elastic coating layer and the rigid cladding layer is an essential component for processing the optical fiber into a light environment. As mentioned earlier, many fiber manufacturers will first define __ to include three parts, the core of which is a glass core with a high refractive index, called a core, which is coated with a low refractive index cherries. , called a shell (in which the core and the shell constitute the fiber 1〇1), a layer of resin coating for reinforcement (fiber elastic coating 1〇2), and finally a layer of resin coating for reinforcement (fiber Rigid cladding (10)). The fiber optic ferrule HH is placed over the fiber bare fiber to protect the fiber. Similarly, there are a variety of suitable materials to choose from. The fiber ferrule 104 can also be replaced by a fiber-tight tube _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The package can be regarded as an equivalent implementation of the fiber sleeve 1〇4. When performing the light-road connection, the above-mentioned light structure must undergo the following steps: peeling off the outer layer 106, stripping the fiber sleeve 1〇 4. Stripping the fiber rigid cladding layer 103 with the fiber cladding layer IG2, (1) or other wading fiber (8), cutting the male end face, and finally welding or mechanically connecting the joint to complete the connection. The above-mentioned first-first cladding layer 1G3 and _elastic coating layer 102 are often error-prone during on-site construction, which damages the surface of the fiber rib, and k Chengbao is unusable or seriously affects the signal quality in future use or Lifetime. Therefore, the quality requirement during construction is another important cost consideration. Therefore, how to construct a light and thin structure that is easy to be king and improve the quality and efficiency of the station is a designer's face. It is imperative. 2 01215937 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the main object of the present invention is to provide an optical cable structure which is composed of an optical fiber with a single layer covering, which can simplify the processing flow and reduce the production cost. One object is to provide an optical fiber cable which is composed of an optical fiber with a single layer and has the advantages of facilitating construction, improving construction quality and efficiency. To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an optical cable composed of a single-layer coated optical fiber. The structure comprises at least one tensile body, at least one single-layer coated optical fiber, and an outer layer from the inside to the outside, wherein the single-layer coated optical fiber can be, for example, the aforementioned U.S. Patent 5,381,5 The fiber structure disclosed in No. 4, in another embodiment of the present invention, a fiber ferrule can be placed outside the single-layer coated fiber, and the fiber sleeving can also be implemented by a fiber tight tube or a loose tube. For a more detailed and clear understanding of the purpose, function and structural features of the present invention, the force can be implemented and illustrated with the following description: [Embodiment] The second figure shows The optical structure of the optical fiber cable structure of the present invention comprises at least one tensile body 1〇5, at least one from the inside to the outside. The single-layer coated optical fiber 2〇1 and the outer overcoat 106. As described above, since the optical cable type includes various changes, the relative positions, the number of components, or the materials used therein can be variously selected. The design can be changed according to the needs of the application. For example, the main function of the tensile body 1〇5 is to play the main body of the cable in 201215937, which can be placed in the center of the cable, or evenly dispersed in the light (10) or close to the outside. At the edge of the edge, the second towel is placed at the center, but it is not intended to be used. It is not limited to this. The tensile body 1〇5 can be used, for example, KEVLAR FRP, or metal. to make. The outer layer I% forms the appearance of the light mirror structure and provides protection functions such as waterproofing. The outer layer 1〇6 is also available in a variety of materials, for example, PVC, PE, FRP, etc., and the optimum thickness is on 〇mm, and the outer diameter is preferably 2-5 mm. The single-layer coated optical fiber 〇1 can be a single permanent protective layer coated optical fiber structure as disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. Patent No. 5,381,504. The second figure shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a cable structure composed of a single-layer coated optical fiber according to the present invention. Compared with the second figure, the second embodiment shown in the third figure is provided with a single fiber ferrule in the single-layer coated optical fiber 201. The optical fiber sleeve 104 can be realized by a fiber tight tube or a loose tube. In other words, the optical fiber unit 310 of the present embodiment is composed of a single-layer coated optical fiber 201 and a fiber-optic sleeve 104 outside thereof. It should be noted that the optical cable structure of the present invention reduces the optical fiber elastic coating layer 102 and the optical fiber rigid cladding layer 103 coated on the outer layer of the optical fiber 101, compared with the conventional optical cable structure in the first figure. The layers are all essential components in the conventional cable construction. Since the fiber-optic elastic cladding layer 1〇2 of the outer core of the optical fiber core is approximately 5-10% of the cost of the optical fiber as the rigid fiber cladding layer 103, the present invention can reduce the cost of the optical fiber. More importantly, the optical cable structure of the present invention only needs to peel off the outer layer 106, wipe the single-layer coated optical fiber 201 with alcohol or other solution, and cut the single layer of the cutting tool when performing the optical fiber network connection. The end of the fiber 2〇1, the last fusion or the connection of the mechanical 201215937 connector to complete the connection. Alternatively, a step of stripping the fiber ferrule 1 〇 4 is performed for the second embodiment. Therefore, compared with the conventional optical cable structure, the present invention at least omits the step of stripping the optical fiber rigid cladding layer i 0 3 and the optical fiber elastic coating layer 〇2, and also reduces the damage with a single layer coating. The possibility of fiber-optic plus surface avoids damage or seriously affects the future (4) ugly quality or longevity. Therefore, the diaphragm structure of the present invention has the advantages of facilitating construction, improving construction quality and efficiency. Through the above embodiments of the present invention, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Simple structure 'It can simplify the jade process and reduce the production cost, and has market competitiveness. It is easy to chemical, ^ construction quality and efficiency, and reduce the loss of network construction. Therefore, the optical cable structure composed of the single-layer coated optical fiber of the present invention is a technology that achieves the intended purpose and effect in accordance with the invention patent, and the progressive charm industry_sexuality Essentials. The illustrations and descriptions disclosed above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention, and those who are familiar with the art are subject to the spirit of the present invention. Modifications are all covered in the following patent application park in this case. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure shows a schematic diagram of a conventional optical cable structure, and 201215937 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of an optical cable structure composed of a single-layer coated optical fiber according to the present invention. And the third figure shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of an optical cable structure composed of a single-layer coated optical fiber according to the present invention. [Main component symbol description] Optical fiber 101 Optical fiber elastic coating 102 Optical fiber rigid coating 103 Fiber sleeve 104 Tensile 105 Outer layer 106 Fiber unit 110 Single-layer coated fiber 201 Fiber unit 310