201108854 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於具有兩個透明電極之電致發光裝置(諸如 有機發光二極體（〇LED)裝置）之領域，其中將至少一光學 元件施加於與基板相對之第二電極，且其中該光學元件: 少部分覆蓋第二透明電極之表面區域並將光反射及/或折 射至第一透明電極之方向中。 【先前技術】 通常藉由將電極及（若干）所需電致發光層沈積在—透明 基板（諸如玻璃或聚合物荡片）上而生纟習知電致發光_ 裝置’光發出穿過該透明基板。在此等EL裝置中，與基板 相對之電極（通常為陰極）可沈積為薄金屬層，例如:銘 層。歸因於通常為100奈米厚之此一薄金屬層之屬性，關 閉狀態下之财置具有—鏡面狀外觀(若自 看）。 另一種習知EL裝置包括兩個透明電極。此等虹裝置使 光穿過前部(即：基板)及背部(即：第二透明電極)兩者而 發出。 【發明内容】 本發明之-目的為提供一種具有兩個透明電極之此裝 置’其中可控制關閉及/或開啟狀態下之光學外觀。本發 明之另-目的為提供一種生產此一 EL裝置之方法。Λ 藉由如技術方釣之肛裝置及如技術方案ΐ2之方法而實 現此目的1定言之，本發明揭示―種紅裝置，其包括一 147873.doc 201108854 基板及以敍述順序堆叠於該基板上之—第_透明電極、— 電致發光堆疊、一第二透明電極及至少一光學元件其中 該光學兀件係與該第二透明電極光學接觸且部分或完全覆 蓋該第二透明電極之表面區域且係經調適以將光反射及/ 或折射至該第一透明電極之方向中。 本發明係基於以下意外發現：將一光學輸出耦合 (outcoupling)元件施加於背電極（即：與沈積至基板上之電 極相對之電極）可用以將沿第^透明電極之方向行進之光 反射及/或折射回EL裝置中，即，至第一透明電極之方向 中。換言之，可由光學元件重新引導由EL裝置產生之光 及/或穿過第一透明電極而進入EL裝置之入射光，以穿過 基板電極（即：第一透明電極）而離開EL裝置。若光學元件 僅部分覆蓋第二透明電極，例如呈一給定圖案，則僅其中 存在光學元件之此等區域會將光重新引導回而穿過第一透 明電極。因此，光將穿過基板而呈光學元件之圖案地離開 EL裝置。因此，可憑藉施加於第二透明電極之光學元件而 設計、調適及/或改變開啟及/或關閉狀態下的EL裝置之外 觀。 £L裝置可為熟習技術者已知之任何el裝置及/或基於電 致發光二極體而產生光之任何裝置。EL裝置較佳為一有機 EL裝置，即：一 〇LED裝置。在其他實施例中，本發明之 EL·裝置係用作為一光源、一燈，或由一光源、一燈所組 成，或由一監視器、開關或顯示器所組成。因此’本發明 亦涵蓋包括發明之EL裝置的一光源、一燈、一監視器、一 147873.doc 201108854 開關及一顯示器。 下文中描述-有機EL裝置之基本結構，其包括一基板及 堆疊於該基板上之-第—透明電極、—有機電致發光堆疊 及第透明電極。然而，熟習技術者已知el裝置且尤其 疋有機EL裝置之各種其他基本結構，意謂本發明涵蓋所有 該等基本結構。 一種例示性基本EL裝置包括兩個透明電極，即··一陽極 及一陰極，其中該陽極通常係安置在一基板（諸如玻璃或 撓性聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET)箔片）上。EL堆疊係安置在 基板電極（即（不失一般性）：陽極）之頂上，該£]^堆疊包括201108854 VI. INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of electroluminescent devices having two transparent electrodes, such as organic light emitting diode (〇LED) devices, wherein at least one optical component is applied And a second electrode opposite to the substrate, and wherein the optical element: covers a portion of the surface of the second transparent electrode and reflects and/or refracts light into the direction of the first transparent electrode. [Prior Art] The conventional electroluminescence _ device's light is emitted through the deposition of the electrode and the (s) desired electroluminescent layer on a transparent substrate such as a glass or polymer slab. Transparent substrate. In such EL devices, the electrode (usually the cathode) opposite the substrate can be deposited as a thin metal layer, such as a layer. Due to the nature of this thin metal layer, which is typically 100 nanometers thick, the wealth in the closed state has a mirror-like appearance (if self-viewing). Another conventional EL device includes two transparent electrodes. These rainbow devices emit light through both the front (i.e., the substrate) and the back (i.e., the second transparent electrode). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a device having two transparent electrodes in which the optical appearance in the closed and/or open state can be controlled. Another object of the invention is to provide a method of producing such an EL device.实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施 实施a transparent electrode, an electroluminescent stack, a second transparent electrode, and at least one optical component, wherein the optical component is in optical contact with the second transparent electrode and partially or completely covers the surface of the second transparent electrode The regions are adapted to reflect and/or refract light into the direction of the first transparent electrode. The present invention is based on the surprising discovery that applying an optical output outcoupling element to the back electrode (ie, the electrode opposite the electrode deposited on the substrate) can be used to reflect light traveling in the direction of the second transparent electrode and / or refracted back into the EL device, ie into the direction of the first transparent electrode. In other words, the light generated by the EL device and/or the incident light entering the EL device through the first transparent electrode can be redirected by the optical element to exit the EL device through the substrate electrode (i.e., the first transparent electrode). If the optical element only partially covers the second transparent electrode, e.g., in a given pattern, then only those regions in which the optical element is present redirect light back through the first transparent electrode. Therefore, light will pass through the substrate and exit the EL device in a pattern of optical elements. Therefore, the appearance of the EL device in the open and/or closed state can be designed, adapted, and/or changed by the optical element applied to the second transparent electrode. The £L device can be any device known to those skilled in the art and/or any device that produces light based on an electroluminescent diode. The EL device is preferably an organic EL device, i.e., an LED device. In other embodiments, the EL device of the present invention is used as a light source, a light, or a light source, a light, or a monitor, switch or display. Thus, the present invention also encompasses a light source, a lamp, a monitor, a 147873.doc 201108854 switch, and a display including the inventive EL device. The basic structure of the organic EL device described below includes a substrate and a -first transparent electrode stacked on the substrate, an organic electroluminescent stack, and a transparent electrode. However, the skilled artisan is aware of various other basic structures of the el device and in particular the organic EL device, meaning that the present invention encompasses all such basic structures. An exemplary basic EL device includes two transparent electrodes, namely an anode and a cathode, wherein the anode is typically disposed on a substrate such as glass or flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foil. on. The EL stack is placed on top of the substrate electrode (ie, without loss of generality: anode), which includes
至少一發射體層，該至少一發射體層包括至少一類型的EL 分子。一第二透明電極（即：充當反電極之陰極）係安置在 該電致發光堆疊之頂上。熟習技術者將意識到以下事實： 在生產此一EL裝置時可併入各種其他層，例如：一電洞傳 輸層，其可接觸該陽極；一電子傳輸層，其可接觸該陰 極；-電洞注入層（較佳由聚（3,4_亞乙二氧基嗟吩）,聚苯乙 烯磺酸（PED〇T/PSS)製成），其安置於該陽極與該電洞傳輸 層之間；及/或一電子注入層（較佳為由氟化鋰或氟化铯製 成之極溥層）’其女置於該電子傳輸層與該陰極之間。 此外’熟習技術者已知EL裝置可包括其中存在多個發射體 層之一 EL堆疊。 在一實施例中，EL裝置係一 〇LED裝置，即：（若干）電 致發光發射層包括料有機分子。在若干進—步較佳實施 例中，該等有機分子包括聚合物（pLED)或小分子 147873.doc 201108854 ，EL裝置係一構光有機At least one emitter layer comprising at least one type of EL molecule. A second transparent electrode (i.e., a cathode acting as a counter electrode) is disposed on top of the electroluminescent stack. Those skilled in the art will be aware of the fact that various other layers can be incorporated in the production of such an EL device, such as: a hole transport layer that can contact the anode; an electron transport layer that can contact the cathode; a hole injection layer (preferably made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy porphin), polystyrene sulfonic acid (PED〇T/PSS)) disposed in the anode and the hole transport layer And/or an electron injecting layer (preferably a crucible layer made of lithium fluoride or cesium fluoride) is placed between the electron transporting layer and the cathode. Further, it is known to those skilled in the art that an EL device may include an EL stack in which a plurality of emitter layers are present. In one embodiment, the EL device is an LED device, i.e., the (several) electroluminescent emissive layer comprises organic molecules. In a number of further preferred embodiments, the organic molecules comprise a polymer (pLED) or a small molecule 147873.doc 201108854, and the EL device is a photosynthetic organic
。熟習 (SMOLED)。在另一較佳實施例中， 發光 子， 技術者已知各種電致發光分子及/或有機電致發光分子， 意謂本發明涵蓋所有該等分子。如本發明中所用，「電致 發光分子」較佳意指「有機電致發光分子」。在若干較佳 實施例中，-PLED之聚合物係共扼聚合物，諸如聚（對伸 苯基乙烯基）（PPV)之衍生物，且一SM0LED之小分子係有 機金屬螯合物（諸如（例如）Alq3)及/或共軛樹枝狀聚合物。 基板為透明且可包括熟習技術者已知之任何適合材料。 在本發明中，術語「透明」意指給定材料透射可見光範圍 之250%光。因此，反射及/或吸收剩餘光◦「透明」包含 半透明」，此意指一材料透射〇%與<50%之間的可見光 範圍之光。因此’若沒有另外規定，則每次參考一「透 明」材料時’此亦明確揭示一「半透明」材料。較佳地， 可見光範圍之光具有>450奈米且5650奈米之一波長。因 此’例如’一透明基板或電極吸收及/或反射小於5〇%之入 射光。 在本發明之若干較佳實施例中，基板係由玻璃、塑膠、 陶曼製成’及/或包括金及銀之至少一者。基板之進一步 較佳材料包括聚合物板或箔片，更佳地具有一適合防潮蔽 氧層以本質上防止濕氣及/或氧氣進入EL裝置。（例如）為光 學之用途（諸如增強光輸出耦合及類似用途），基板可進一 步包括額外層。 147873.doc 201108854 基板可具有任何適合幾何結構、形狀或形式但較佳為扁 平’且若利用一撓性材料，.則基板可塑形或彎曲成所需之 任何三維形狀。 透明電極可由熟習技術者已知之任何適合材料製成。在 若干較佳實施例中，電極係由一金屬、似鑽碳製成，戋包 括以下材料之至少一者：銦錫氧化物（IT〇)、鋁、銀、 ΖηΟ、經摻雜之ζη〇或氧化物層。更佳地，電極係由—透 明導電氧化物（TCO)(諸如ΙΤΟ或ΖηΟ)製成。可視情況用. Familiar with (SMOLED). In another preferred embodiment, illuminants, various electroluminescent molecules and/or organic electroluminescent molecules are known to the skilled artisan, meaning that the present invention encompasses all such molecules. As used in the present invention, "electroluminescence molecule" preferably means "organic electroluminescence molecule". In several preferred embodiments, the polymer of -PLED is a conjugated polymer, such as a derivative of poly(p-phenylene vinyl) (PPV), and a SM0LED small molecule organometallic chelate (such as (for example) Alq3) and/or conjugated dendrimers. The substrate is transparent and can comprise any suitable material known to those skilled in the art. In the present invention, the term "transparent" means that a given material transmits 250% of the visible light range. Thus, the reflection and/or absorption of the remaining pupil "transparent" comprises translucent, which means that a material transmits light in the visible range between % and < 50%. Therefore, unless otherwise specified, each time a "transparent" material is referenced, this also clearly reveals a "translucent" material. Preferably, the light in the visible range has a wavelength of > 450 nm and 5650 nm. Thus, for example, a transparent substrate or electrode absorbs and/or reflects less than 5% of the incident light. In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the substrate is made of glass, plastic, taman' and/or includes at least one of gold and silver. Further preferred materials for the substrate include polymeric sheets or foils, and more preferably a moisture barrier layer to substantially prevent moisture and/or oxygen from entering the EL device. For example, for optical applications such as enhanced light output coupling and the like, the substrate may further include additional layers. 147873.doc 201108854 The substrate may have any suitable geometry, shape or form but is preferably flat and if a flexible material is utilized, the substrate may be shaped or bent into any desired three dimensional shape. The transparent electrode can be made of any suitable material known to those skilled in the art. In several preferred embodiments, the electrode is made of a metal, diamond-like carbon, and the crucible comprises at least one of the following materials: indium tin oxide (IT〇), aluminum, silver, ΖηΟ, doped ζη〇 Or an oxide layer. More preferably, the electrode is made of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) such as ruthenium or ruthenium. Depending on the situation
Si〇2及/或SiO來底塗敷基板電極以抑制來自基板之移動原 子或離子擴散至電極中。 在一另外實施例中，薄Ag或八11層係用作為電極。較佳 地，此等電極具有>3奈米且$2〇奈米、更佳為S奈米且幻$ 奈米及最佳為約8奈米或1〇奈米之一厚度。最佳地至少 第一透明電極係一 Ag或Au層。 包括一薄金屬層（諸如一 Ag或Au層）之電極較佳具有 so%且幻〇〇%、更佳為之60%且切〇%及最佳為約66%之一透 明度。包括一 TCO之電極較佳具有&0%且2〇〇%、更佳為 270 且$90%及最佳為約go%之一透明度。 在一進一步較佳實施例中，安置至基板上之第一透明電 極（即.則電極或基板電極）係陽極，且安置至疊上之 第二透明電極（即：反電極或背電極）係陰極。 較佳地，電極係通過電導體而連接至一電壓/電流源。 EL堆疊可為熟習技術者已知之任何el堆疊及/或適於— L裝置如上所述，一 EL堆疊包括至少一 EL發射體層， 147873.doc 201108854 該至少-EL發射體層包括若干EL分子。一單一虹發射體 詹較佳具有約1 〇奈米之一厚度。 較佳EL堆疊包括多個虹層，各肛層包括至少一類型的 此分子。較佳地，該等EL層發出不同色彩之光。此在需 要色彩可調諧之EL裝置之條件下尤其有利。在本發明之一 其他實施例中，EL堆疊包括具有不同發射色彩之至少兩個 EL發射層。此意謂若藉由施加電塵/電流而绣發本發明之 EL裝置發光，則該至少兩個發射層之各者將發出不同波長 之光。若n>2，則存在之發射層介於2至ni之間，發射層 較佳具有不同於（若干）其他發射層之一發射色彩。 曰 通常藉由使用由EL發射層所構成之不同EL分子而實現 不同發射色彩。各EL發射層可包括一種或多種肛分子。 在若干更佳實施例中’⑪堆疊包括分別發紅光、綠光及藍 光之三個EL發射層。 光子元件可為允許反射及/或折射沿朝向第二透明電杰 :方向行進之光的任何構件。如上所解釋，光學元件係海 女置而與第—透明電極光學接觸且定位在背離基板及〜 EL堆叠的第：透明電極之側上。因此，沿朝向第二透明臂 極之方向行進之光穿過此電極 '被光學元件反射及/或由 射及再次穿越第二透明電極、EL堆疊及第一透明電極以聋 終穿過基板而退出EL裝置。 、光干凡件可具有允許根據本發明而反射及/或折射入射 光之任何適合形式及/或形狀。 在本發明之一較佳實施例中，光學元件包括—反射背 147873.doc 201108854 面。術έ吾「背面」意指此表面係在與第二透明電極相對的 光學元件之侧上《此有利於進一步增強光之反射。更佳 地，該反射背面包括A1、Ag及/或一介電鏡面。 光學元件可覆蓋位於下方之第二透明電極之全部表面區 域’或在一較佳實施例中，光學元件可僅覆蓋該表面區域 之部分。此尤其有利於顯示資訊及/或一設計，因為僅穿 越第二透明電極之光（其照射光學元件）會被反射及/或折射 回以穿過基板而離開EL裝置。下文中將揭示僅覆蓋第二電 極之表面區域之部分的一光學元件之各種實施例。 在若干較佳實施例中，該至少一光學元件為或具有至少 層、至少一箔片、至少一球形元件、至少一橢圓形元 件、至少一三角形元件、至少一稜形元件、至少—不規則 7G件、至少一圖案、至少一幾何圖案、至少一藝術圖案、 至少一符號、至少一字母、至少一影像及/或至少—標記 之形式及/或形狀。在若干進一步較佳實施例中，用寶石 學中所用之一形狀切割光學元件，較佳地，光學元件具有 一金剛石斷面。 、 熟習技術者將從上文中明白亦可配置多個光學元件以形 成某一㈣、形狀、影像、幾何結構、字母 '符號、標‘ 及/或形式。因此，光學元件刻配置成—單一光學元件或 配置成多個光學元件之一群及/或圖案。例如，可藉由將 許多光學元件配置成一點矩陣而形成一字母。作為另一實 例，可由以與熟習技術者已知之七段顯示器一起使用之方 式配置之七個光學元件形成字母或數字「8」。在—較佳實 147873.doc •9· 201108854 示器點矩陣來形成 施例中，使用熟習技術者已知之段式顯 字母及符號。 此外，熟習技術者將容易理解光學元件可具有幾乎任何 幾何結構且因此可根據期望而改變關閉及/或開啟狀能下 之m裝置之光學外觀。換言之’可改變、設計及/或修改 以顯示此期望幾何 閉狀態下看見任何 開啟及/或關閉狀態下之EL裝置之外觀 結構’即：可在EL裝置之開啟及/或關 期望幾何結構。有利地，此可用以提供顯示任何類型之資 狀態下）。例如，若光學 F J之形式，則即使在 訊及/或設計的EL裝置（較佳在關閉 元件具有三個字母「〇」、「F」及 EL裝置之關閉狀態下亦將看見單詞r 〇ff」。 較佳地，若第二電極具有一扁平表面，則光學元件亦將 至少具有與該電極之扁平表面相對之一扁平表面。 6亥至少一光學元件可包括允許根據本發明而反射及/或 折射入射光之任何材料。 在若干較佳實施例中’該至少一光學元件包括選自由玻 璃、塑膠、PMMA、晶體、Zr〇2、金剛石、一點著劑、一 有色黏著劑、一金屬及/或陶瓷組成之群的一材料。 在其他較佳實施例中，該至少一光學元件包括—天然材 料’更佳為一天然材料之一薄片，諸如紙、木材、石頭、 一編織物、一織物。此可有利地提供顯示自然紋理及/或 結構之EL裝置。 在若干更佳實施例中，該至少一光學元件為彩色及/或 透明’即：非彩色。彩色光學元件可有利地藉由著色而進 147873.doc •10· 201108854 一步改變開啟及/或關閉狀態下的£]1裝置之光學外觀。在 若干進一步較佳實施例中，光學元件包括不同色彩及/或 不同光學元件包括一不同色彩。 • 可藉由熟習技術者已知之各種方式而實現（若干）光學元 . 件之著色。在若干較佳實施例中，使用由（若干）光學元件 所構成及/或沈積至（若干）光學元件上之顏料。可將此等顏 料施加在整個（若干）發光模組上及/或部分施加在（若干）發 光模組上，例如呈如上所解釋之一特殊圖案，即：不限於 字母、標記、影像、句子、標認等等。尤其可通過印刷 法、轉印法及/或網印法或熟習技術者已知之各種其他印 刷法而進行該施加。在一較佳實施例中，通過非接觸印刷 法而進行該施加以有利保護易損壞E L裝置。 在另一實施例中，在生產此（等）光學元件期間（例如在生 產一彩色塑膠光學元件期間）將顏料併入至（若干）光學元件 之材料中。 可使用熟習技術者已知之所有適合顏料。在若干較佳實 施例中，顏料係選自由金屬效應顏料、經塗敷及/或未經 塗敷金屬薄片、鋁薄片、雲母顆粒、塗敷Ti〇2顆粒、購自 德國達姆施塔特（DannStadt)Merck公司之光澤顏料、干涉 效應顏料（諸如基於塗敷Ti〇2及/或以2〇3之顆粒（諸如雲母 顆粒）的顏料）、所有彩色及/或非彩色顏料（諸如Ti〇2、 BaS04、ZnO、SnO、Fe2〇3)、狄菁類、基於石炭之顏料（諸 如石墨、黑煙顏料、玻璃碳、碳奈米管等等）及用在塗層 及/或清漆中之所有其他顏料及其等之纽合組成之群。曰 147873.doc 201108854 在另一較佳實施例中，將（若干）光學元件至少部分著户 色’更佳為黑色。此有利於實現一増強對比。 曰 在本發明之—特別較佳實施例中，該至少-光學元件係 由-層及/或所構成’甚至更佳地，該至少一光與 元件編層壓至第二透明電極。在下文中，當參考―； 片時’亦意指一層。 在此-實施例中，箱片係用以將該至少一光學元件附接 至el裝置’即·第二透明電極。換言之，雖然羯片本身可 覆蓋第二透明電極之整個表面區域，但结片承載之光學元 件可僅覆蓋該表面區域之部分且係用以反射及/或折射照 射光。光學元件可具有任何形式，尤其S上述之該等形 式：即：至少-球形元件、至少-橢圓形元件、至少—三 角形7L件 '至少—稜形元件、至少—不規則元件、至少— 圖案、至少—幾何圖案、至少一藝術圖案、至少一符號、 :少-字母、至少一影像及/或至少一標記。使用至少一 /自片作為光學元件牽涉各種優點，如下所解釋。 在實施例中，箱片係用以以一廉價方式密封及/或囊 封EL裝置，:用猪片封蓋第二透明電極。因為一典型 EL裝置（例如_〇LED裝置）之肛組件對濕氣及氧氣降解極 其敏感，所以需要保護EL裝置免受此等環境影響。因此， 呈石片之形式的光學元件可有利地用以囊封EL裝置。較 佳地，箔片不可透水及/或氧氣及/或其包括一金屬箔片及/ 或一玻璃片。在若干進一步較佳實施例中，作為一囊封構 件之4片係用作為唯一囊封構件或與熟習技術者已知之各 147873.doc -12- 201108854 種不同囊封構件（例如一空腔蓋）一起使用β 在另一實施例中’由箔片所構成之光學元件較佳為一印 刷及/或繪畫圖案。 較佳地，圖案係存在於箱片之表面上及/或嵌入在材料 本身内。有利地’此一圖案可在裝置之開啟及/或關閉狀 態下給EL裝置提供一圖案化光學外觀，如上所解釋。 在一另外實施例中，箔片包括作為（若干）光學元件之表 面皺紋及/或圖案’該(等)光學元件在裝置之開啟狀態下反 射及/或折射光。 山在另-實施例中，由領片所構成之該至少—光學元件係 高度反射及/或散射且因此增強光之輸出耦合。 在本發明之-其他實施例中，片（例如—金屬落片）係 導電’且因此有利地提供與EL裝置之第二透明電極之電接 ^一另外實施例中，由W所構成之該至少—光學元件 係诂片之一彩色部分及/戍^试 域。此可有利地提供在開啟 及/或關閉狀態下顯示—彩色光學外觀之EL裝置。 透佳實施财，^本身係光學元件且覆蓋第二 透明電極之部分或全部表面區域 :二形r式或圏案(較佳為―二 極，例如^可具有任何形式， ν、疋上述形式，即：至少一 件、至少—三角形元件、至小牛、至少一擴圓形元 案、至少-幾何圖孝二；不規則元件、至少-圖 至乂 一藝術圖案、至少一符號、至 147873.doc 201108854 ’ 子母、至少一影像及/或至少_標記。 若使用多個落片，則可藉由並排及/或堆疊地配置不同 箔片而形成圖案。 在本發明之另-特別較佳實施例中，該至少—光學元件 係由-有機黏合劑層及/或一黏著劑層所構成。在下文 :’術語「黏著劑」意指包括術語「黏合劑」。此具有可 貫現-廉價、㈣及確實龍<EL裝置且因此免受環境影 響之優點。 在此-實施例中，該至少一光學元件係傲入於黏著層 中。換言之，雖然黏著層本身可覆蓋第二透明電極之整個 表面區域’但該黏著層承載之光學元件可僅覆蓋該表面區 域之部分且係用以反射及/或折射照射光。光學元件可具 有任何形式，尤其是上述形式，gp :至少一球形元件、至Si〇2 and/or SiO are applied to the substrate electrode to suppress diffusion of mobile atoms or ions from the substrate into the electrode. In an additional embodiment, a thin Ag or eighty-seven layer is used as the electrode. Preferably, the electrodes have a thickness of > 3 nm and $2 〇 nanometer, more preferably S nano and phantom $ nanometer and most preferably about 8 nm or 1 〇 nanometer. Preferably, at least the first transparent electrode is an Ag or Au layer. The electrode comprising a thin metal layer (such as an Ag or Au layer) preferably has so% and % illusion, more preferably 60% and % cut and most preferably one of about 66% transparency. The electrode comprising a TCO preferably has a transparency of & 0% and 2%, more preferably 270 and $90% and most preferably about one percent. In a further preferred embodiment, the first transparent electrode (ie, the electrode or substrate electrode) disposed on the substrate is an anode, and is disposed on the stacked second transparent electrode (ie, the counter electrode or the back electrode) cathode. Preferably, the electrodes are connected to a voltage/current source by electrical conductors. The EL stack can be any el stack known to those skilled in the art and/or suitable for the L device as described above, an EL stack comprising at least one EL emitter layer, 147873.doc 201108854 The at least-EL emitter layer comprises a plurality of EL molecules. A single rainbow emitter preferably has a thickness of about 1 〇 nanometer. Preferably, the EL stack comprises a plurality of iris layers, each anal layer comprising at least one type of such molecule. Preferably, the EL layers emit light of different colors. This is especially advantageous under the condition of a color tunable EL device. In still other embodiments of the invention, the EL stack includes at least two EL emitting layers having different emission colors. This means that if the EL device of the present invention is emulated by applying electric dust/current, each of the at least two emissive layers will emit light of a different wavelength. If n > 2, the emissive layer is present between 2 and ni, and the emissive layer preferably has a different emission color than one of the other emissive layers.不同 Different emission colors are usually achieved by using different EL molecules composed of EL emission layers. Each EL emitting layer can include one or more anal molecules. In several preferred embodiments, the '11 stack includes three EL emissive layers that emit red, green, and blue light, respectively. The photonic element can be any member that allows reflection and/or refraction of light traveling in a direction toward the second transparent electric ray. As explained above, the optical element is placed in optical contact with the first transparent electrode and positioned on the side of the::transparent electrode facing away from the substrate and the ~EL stack. Therefore, light traveling in a direction toward the second transparent arm passes through the electrode 'reflected by the optical element and/or passes through the second transparent electrode, the EL stack, and the first transparent electrode to pass through the substrate. Exit the EL device. The light-transmissive member may have any suitable form and/or shape that allows reflection and/or refracting of incident light in accordance with the present invention. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the optical element comprises a reflective back 147873.doc 201108854. By "back" it is meant that the surface is on the side of the optical element opposite the second transparent electrode "this facilitates further enhancement of light reflection. More preferably, the reflective back comprises A1, Ag and/or a dielectric mirror. The optical element can cover the entire surface area of the second transparent electrode located below. or in a preferred embodiment, the optical element can cover only a portion of the surface area. This is particularly advantageous for displaying information and/or a design because only light that passes through the second transparent electrode (which illuminates the optical element) is reflected and/or refracted back through the substrate to exit the EL device. Various embodiments of an optical component that only covers portions of the surface area of the second electrode will be disclosed hereinafter. In some preferred embodiments, the at least one optical element is or has at least one layer, at least one foil, at least one spherical element, at least one elliptical element, at least one triangular element, at least one prismatic element, at least - irregular 7G pieces, at least one pattern, at least one geometric pattern, at least one artistic pattern, at least one symbol, at least one letter, at least one image, and/or at least a mark form and/or shape. In some further preferred embodiments, the optical element is cut with a shape used in gemology, preferably, the optical element has a diamond cross section. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of optical elements can be configured to form a certain (four), shape, image, geometric structure, letter 'symbol, label' and/or form. Thus, the optical component is configured to be a single optical component or configured as a group and/or pattern of a plurality of optical components. For example, a letter can be formed by arranging a plurality of optical elements into a matrix of dots. As another example, a letter or number "8" may be formed from seven optical elements configured in a manner that is used with a seven-segment display known to those skilled in the art. In the case of the preferred embodiment 147873.doc •9·201108854, the dot matrix is used to form the example, and the paragraphs and symbols known to those skilled in the art are used. Moreover, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the optical component can have virtually any geometry and thus the optical appearance of the device in the closed and/or open state can be varied as desired. In other words, it can be changed, designed, and/or modified to show the desired structure of the EL device in any open and/or closed state in the closed state. That is, the desired geometry can be turned on and/or off the EL device. Advantageously, this can be used to provide a display of any type of funding status). For example, in the form of an optical FJ, the word r 〇ff will be seen even in the EL device of the communication and/or design (preferably when the closing element has three letters "〇", "F" and the EL device are closed. Preferably, if the second electrode has a flat surface, the optical element will also have at least one flat surface opposite the flat surface of the electrode. 6 at least one optical component may include reflection and/or reflection according to the present invention. Or any material that refracts incident light. In several preferred embodiments, the at least one optical component comprises a material selected from the group consisting of glass, plastic, PMMA, crystal, Zr〇2, diamond, a primer, a colored adhesive, a metal, and Or a material of the group of ceramics. In other preferred embodiments, the at least one optical component comprises - a natural material 'more preferably a thin sheet of a natural material, such as paper, wood, stone, a braid, one Fabric. This may advantageously provide an EL device that exhibits a natural texture and/or structure. In several more preferred embodiments, the at least one optical component is colored and/or transparent 'i.e., achromatic. The color optical element can advantageously be changed by coloring to change the optical appearance of the device in the open and/or closed state in one step. In several further preferred embodiments, the optical element comprises different colors And/or different optical elements include a different color. • The color of the optical element(s) can be achieved by various means known to those skilled in the art. In several preferred embodiments, the optical element(s) are used. a pigment constituting and/or deposited onto the optical element(s). These pigments may be applied to the entire (s) light-emitting module and/or partially applied to the light-emitting module(s), for example as explained above A special pattern, that is, not limited to letters, marks, images, sentences, logos, etc. This application can be carried out in particular by printing, transfer printing and/or screen printing or by various other printing methods known to the skilled person. In a preferred embodiment, the application is performed by a non-contact printing process to advantageously protect the easily susceptible EL device. In another embodiment, in the production of such (etc.) optics The pigment is incorporated into the material of the optical element (e.g., during production of a colored plastic optical element). All suitable pigments known to those skilled in the art can be used. In several preferred embodiments, the pigment is selected from Metal effect pigments, coated and/or uncoated metal flakes, aluminum flakes, mica particles, coated Ti〇2 particles, gloss pigments from Mern, Darn-Stadt, Germany, interference effect pigments (such as pigments based on Ti〇2 and/or 2〇3 particles (such as mica particles), all color and/or achromatic pigments (such as Ti〇2, BaS04, ZnO, SnO, Fe2〇3) a group of diCing, charcoal-based pigments (such as graphite, black smoke pigments, glassy carbon, carbon nanotubes, etc.) and all other pigments used in coatings and/or varnishes and the like . 147 147873.doc 201108854 In another preferred embodiment, the optical element(s) are at least partially colored 'better' in black. This is conducive to achieving a reluctant comparison. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the at least-optical element is composed of a layer and/or ‘or even better, the at least one light and component are laminated to the second transparent electrode. In the following, when referring to "a slice", it also means a layer. In this embodiment, the box is used to attach the at least one optical component to the el device 'i.e., the second transparent electrode. In other words, although the lamella itself may cover the entire surface area of the second transparent electrode, the optical element carried by the slab may cover only a portion of the surface area and be used to reflect and/or refract the illuminating light. The optical element may have any form, in particular the form described above: ie: at least a spherical element, at least an elliptical element, at least a triangular 7L piece 'at least a prismatic element, at least one irregular element, at least one pattern, At least - a geometric pattern, at least one artistic pattern, at least one symbol,: less-letters, at least one image, and/or at least one indicia. The use of at least one/self-chip as an optical component involves various advantages, as explained below. In an embodiment, the box is used to seal and/or encapsulate the EL device in an inexpensive manner: the second transparent electrode is capped with the pig piece. Since the anal component of a typical EL device (e.g., _ 〇 LED device) is extremely sensitive to moisture and oxygen degradation, it is necessary to protect the EL device from such environmental influences. Thus, an optical element in the form of a stone piece can advantageously be used to encapsulate the EL device. Preferably, the foil is impermeable to water and/or oxygen and/or it comprises a metal foil and/or a glass sheet. In several further preferred embodiments, four sheets as an encapsulating member are used as the sole encapsulating member or in various different encapsulating members (e.g., a cavity cover) known to those skilled in the art from 147873.doc -12 to 201108854. Use of β together In another embodiment, the optical element formed by the foil is preferably a printed and/or painted pattern. Preferably, the pattern is present on the surface of the panel and/or embedded within the material itself. Advantageously, this pattern provides a patterned optical appearance to the EL device in the open and/or closed state of the device, as explained above. In an additional embodiment, the foil includes surface wrinkles and/or patterns as the optical element(s). The optical element reflects and/or refracts light in an open state of the device. In another embodiment, the at least-optical component of the collar is highly reflective and/or scattering and thus enhances the output coupling of the light. In other embodiments of the invention, the sheet (eg, metal drop) is electrically conductive and thus advantageously provides electrical connection to the second transparent electrode of the EL device. In another embodiment, the At least - the optical component is a colored portion of the cymbal and / / 试 ^ test domain. This advantageously provides an EL device that displays - a color optical appearance in an open and/or closed state. It is a good implementation, and is itself an optical element and covers part or all of the surface area of the second transparent electrode: a dimorphic r-type or a case (preferably a "two-pole", for example, can have any form, ν, 疋 the above form , that is: at least one, at least - triangular elements, to the calf, at least one expanded circular case, at least - geometric figure filial piety; irregular elements, at least - figure to first art pattern, at least one symbol, to 147873. Doc 201108854 'Mother, at least one image and/or at least _ mark. If a plurality of drop films are used, the pattern can be formed by arranging different foils side by side and/or stacked. In addition to the present invention - particularly preferred In an embodiment, the at least-optical component is comprised of an organic binder layer and/or an adhesive layer. Hereinafter, the term 'adhesive' is intended to include the term "adhesive". The advantages of inexpensive, (four) and indeed dragon <EL devices and thus from environmental influences. In this embodiment, the at least one optical component is proud of the adhesive layer. In other words, although the adhesive layer itself can cover the second transparent The entire electrode The surface area 'but the optical element carried by the adhesive layer may cover only a portion of the surface area and be used to reflect and/or refract illumination light. The optical element may have any form, especially in the form described above, gp: at least one spherical element, to
二角形元件、至少一稜形元件、 一橢圓形元件、至少一 圖案、至少一幾何圖案、至少 至少一字母、至少一影像及/ 至少一不規則元件、至少一 一藝術圖案、至少一符號、 或至少一標記。 黏著劑可為熟習技術者已知之任何適合黏著劑。其可屬 於天然來源或合成來源。在一較佳實施例中，黏著劑為透 明的。在其他較佳實_中，黏著劑係一快乾黏著劑、— 接觸黏著劑、一熱黏著劑、一uv及/或光固化黏著劑及/或 一壓感黏著劑。快乾黏著劑（諸如橡膠膠水）係溶解在一溶 劑中之化合物（通常為聚合物）之一混合物。黏著劑隨著該 溶劑蒸發而硬化。將接觸黏著劑施加於待黏合在—起之物 147873.doc •14· 201108854 件的兩個表面，且在將該兩個表面推在一起之前允許該兩 個表面乾燥一段時間。然而，一旦將該等表面推在一起， 即很快形成結合。因此’此提供之優點在於：不必長時間 施加壓力或使用夾具。熱黏著劑係熱塑性塑膠，該等熱塑 性塑膠受熱並當其冷卻時硬化。可憑藉一熱熔膠搶而有利 地施加此等黏著劑。紫外線及/或光固化黏著劑由於其快 速的固化時間及強大的黏合強度而為有利的。此等黏著劑 可在一秒内固化，且存在可使不相似基板黏合及承受嚴酷 溫度之許多已知調配物。此外，該等黏著劑可用以密封及 塗敷產品。因此，紫外光及/或光固化黏著劑尤其適於本 發明之EL裝置。壓感黏著劑藉由施加輕微壓力以使黏著劑 與點附體結合而形成一黏合。 在若干更佳實施例中，黏著劑係環氧黏著劑、聚合黏合 劑、快速固化黏著劑、快速固化環氧黏著劑、矽凝膠、聚 胺基甲酸酯黏著劑及/或雙組分黏著劑，諸如「UHu 5分鐘 固化膠水」。 $ 在一進一步較佳實施例中，黏著劑本身係光學元件。較 佳地，作為光學元件之黏著劑僅部分覆蓋第二透明電極。 在此等實施例中，黏著劑可以任何合意形狀、形式或圖案 (較佳為光學元件之上述形式）而附接至第二透明電極，例 如黏著劑可具有任何形式，尤其是上述形式，即：至少— 球形元件、至少-橢圓形元件、至少__三㈣元件、二少 -不規則元件、至少一圖案、至少一幾何圖案、至少」 術圖案、至少-符號、至少一字母、至少一影像及心 147873.doc 201108854 少一標記。另外，亦可以所述方式藉由在OLED上使用多 種黏著劑而形成形狀、形式、圖案等等。 在一進一步較佳實施例中，更佳地憑藉顏料及/或上述 顏料之一組合而使黏著劑著色。 可藉由熟習技術者已知之任何適合方式而將黏著劑施加 於第二透明電極。較佳地’通過如上所述之印刷法而施加 黏著劑。熟習技術者將容易明白可將黏著劑施加於第二透 明電極之全部表面區域或黏著劑可較佳地僅部分覆蓋該電 極之表面區域。因此，可將上述不同紋理、形狀、形式、 圖案、字母等等（較佳為使用不同色彩）容易地施加於第二 透明電極以根據期望而改變開啟及/或關閉狀態下的EL裝 置之光學外觀。 之一 EL裝置’則較佳 若一黏著劑係用於生產根據本發明 可採用-烘烤程序（溫度在8代以下為更佳）以改良黏著劑 之固化及/或穩m而，此等程序高度取決於所採用 黏著劑之種類，且因此熟習技術者將易於應用最適於所用 各個黏著劑之固化方法。 9在本發明之另—實施例中，光學元件並非-黏著劑且 疋由-黏著劑所構成，且EL裝置進一步包括安 二 :電至少-光學元件之U著層。此可有利 此(了光學元件容易及可靠地貼附至第二 此’该黏著層係用以使第二透明電極 及/或光學接觸。換言之’光必須能穿越:：光學: 光學元件且將光反射及/或折射回第二透明::::: 147873.doc •16- 201108854 §亥黏著層之折射率係適應於第二透明電極 較佳實施例中 之折射率、£1^堆疊之折射率及/或（若干）光學元件之折射 率 0 黏著劑可為熟習技術者已知之任何適合黏著劑且較佳為 如上所述之一黏著劑。更佳地，黏著劑為透明。 在進步較佳貫施例中，黏著劑之折射率係與EL堆疊 之折射率匹配。此可有利地使困於有機型堆疊内之光亦 到達（右干）光學元件。更佳地，黏著劑具有1 4负29、更 =為1.56如.8之—折射率。可藉由使黏著劑與小（較佳為 —米級尺寸，即.y奈米且幻〇〇奈米）顆粒混合而實現黏 著4之折射率之適應。較佳地，此等顆粒（諸如Ti〇2)具有 一高折射率。此#齡之利时㈣增大料劑之平均折 射率且沒有使散射性增純多。此外，具有―高折射率之 至少-光學元件較佳係與具有一高折射率之該黏著細 如Zr〇2、金剛石及/或玻璃）一起使用。 在本發明之-其他實施例中，_置包括安置於第二透 明電極與黏著層之間之至少—額外透明層。此有利於提高 透明度及/或保護透明電極免受黏著劑侵害。該至少一額 外層可由任何適合材料（諸如基板之上述材料）製成，可由 任何無機材料（諸如（例如）ΙΤ〇、Ζη〇、其他氧化物等等）或 有機材料（諸如（例如）Alq3等等）製成，且較佳為一非導電 層。此進一步有利於實現一額外電絕緣。 在-另外實施例中，EL裝置進一步包括一電源及/或電 壓源。較佳地，該電源及/或電塵源係連接至扯裝置之電 147873.doca quadrangular element, at least one prismatic element, an elliptical element, at least one pattern, at least one geometric pattern, at least one letter, at least one image and/or at least one irregular element, at least one artistic pattern, at least one symbol, Or at least one mark. The adhesive can be any suitable adhesive known to those skilled in the art. It can be of natural or synthetic origin. In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive is transparent. In other preferred embodiments, the adhesive is a quick-drying adhesive, a contact adhesive, a thermal adhesive, a uv and/or photocurable adhesive, and/or a pressure sensitive adhesive. A quick-drying adhesive (such as a rubber glue) is a mixture of one of the compounds (usually a polymer) dissolved in a solvent. The adhesive hardens as the solvent evaporates. A contact adhesive is applied to both surfaces of the member to be bonded to the material 147873.doc • 14· 201108854, and the two surfaces are allowed to dry for a while before the two surfaces are pushed together. However, once the surfaces are pushed together, the bond is formed very quickly. Therefore, the advantage of this provision is that it is not necessary to apply pressure or use a jig for a long time. The thermal adhesive is a thermoplastic which is heated and hardens as it cools. These adhesives can be advantageously applied by means of a hot melt adhesive. Ultraviolet and/or photocurable adhesives are advantageous due to their fast cure time and strong bond strength. These adhesives cure in less than a second and there are many known formulations that can bond dissimilar substrates and withstand harsh temperatures. In addition, the adhesives can be used to seal and coat the product. Therefore, the ultraviolet light and/or photocurable adhesive is particularly suitable for the EL device of the present invention. The pressure sensitive adhesive forms a bond by applying a slight pressure to bond the adhesive to the point attachment. In a number of preferred embodiments, the adhesive is an epoxy adhesive, a polymeric adhesive, a fast curing adhesive, a fast curing epoxy adhesive, a silicone gel, a polyurethane adhesive, and/or a two component. Adhesives, such as "UHu 5-minute curing glue." In a further preferred embodiment, the adhesive itself is an optical component. Preferably, the adhesive as the optical element only partially covers the second transparent electrode. In such embodiments, the adhesive may be attached to the second transparent electrode in any desired shape, form or pattern, preferably in the form of the optical element described above, for example, the adhesive may have any form, especially in the form described above, ie : at least - spherical element, at least - elliptical element, at least __ three (four) element, two less - irregular element, at least one pattern, at least one geometric pattern, at least "pattern", at least - symbol, at least one letter, at least one Image and heart 147873.doc 201108854 One less mark. Alternatively, shapes, forms, patterns, and the like can be formed in the manner described by using a plurality of adhesives on the OLED. In a further preferred embodiment, the adhesive is more preferably colored by virtue of a combination of pigments and/or one of the above pigments. The adhesive can be applied to the second transparent electrode by any suitable means known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, the adhesive is applied by the printing method as described above. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that an adhesive may be applied to all surface areas of the second transparent electrode or that the adhesive may preferably only partially cover the surface area of the electrode. Therefore, the above different textures, shapes, forms, patterns, letters, and the like (preferably using different colors) can be easily applied to the second transparent electrode to change the optical properties of the EL device in the open and/or closed state as desired. Exterior. One of the EL devices is preferably an adhesive which is used in the production of a baking process according to the invention (more preferably below 8 generations) to improve the curing and/or stabilization of the adhesive. The procedure is highly dependent on the type of adhesive used, and thus the skilled artisan will readily be able to apply the curing method that is most suitable for the various adhesives used. In a further embodiment of the invention, the optical element is not an adhesive and the crucible is comprised of an adhesive, and the EL device further comprises a second layer of electro-optical elements. This may be advantageous (the optical element is easily and reliably attached to the second one). The adhesive layer is used to bring the second transparent electrode and/or optical contact. In other words, the light must be able to pass through: optical: optical element and Light reflection and/or refraction back to the second transparency::::: 147873.doc •16- 201108854 § The refractive index of the adhesion layer is adapted to the refractive index of the preferred embodiment of the second transparent electrode, £1^ The refractive index and/or the refractive index of the optical element(s) 0. The adhesive may be any suitable adhesive known to those skilled in the art and is preferably an adhesive as described above. More preferably, the adhesive is transparent. Preferably, the refractive index of the adhesive is matched to the refractive index of the EL stack. This advantageously allows light trapped within the organic stack to also reach (right-hand) optical components. More preferably, the adhesive has 1 4 minus 29, more = 1.56 such as .8 - refractive index can be achieved by mixing the adhesive with a small (preferably - meter size, ie, y nano and illusion nano) particles Adaptation of the refractive index of the adhesive 4. Preferably, such particles (such as Ti〇2) have a high refractive index. (4) increasing the average refractive index of the material without increasing the scattering property. In addition, at least the optical element having a high refractive index preferably has a high refractive index. The adhesive is used together as Zr 〇 2, diamond and/or glass. In other embodiments of the invention, the _ includes at least an additional transparent layer disposed between the second transparent electrode and the adhesive layer. This helps to increase transparency and/or protect the transparent electrode from the adhesive. The at least one additional layer may be made of any suitable material, such as the above materials of the substrate, and may be any inorganic material such as, for example, ruthenium, Ζn, other oxides, or the like, or organic materials such as, for example, Alq3, etc. Etc.), and preferably a non-conductive layer. This further facilitates an additional electrical insulation. In a further embodiment, the EL device further includes a power source and/or a voltage source. Preferably, the power source and/or the electric dust source is connected to the electric device of the device 147873.doc
S 17· 201108854 極即.陽極及陰極。更佳地，該電源及/或電 DC電壓於陽極與陰極之間。在另一較佳實施例中，該電 源及/或電壓源提供y伏特且，伏特、更佳為:截特且训 伏特之一電壓。 在S I、樣中’本發明係針對一種生產根據本發明之一 電致發光裝置之方法，其包括以下步驟： 提供一基板； 以敍述順序將以下S件沈積至該基板上： 極、-電致發光堆疊、一第二透明電極及至少一光學元 件其中。亥光學元件係與該第二透明電極光學接觸、至少 部分覆蓋該第二透明領* is + I r- 電極之表面區域及係經調適以將光反 射及/或折射至該第一透明電極之方向中。 熟習技術者在閱讀以上有關虹裝置之描述時將明白根據 本發明之方法之若干較佳實施例、然而，在下文中將清楚 地揭示該等較佳實施例之一些。 車乂佳實施例中，該方法進一步包括將一透明黏著 施加於第二透明電極之步驟。甚至更佳地，該方法進一 包括在施加透明黏著劑之前施加至少—透明層以保護第 電極及7或提高透明度之額外步驟。 °藉由任何適合方式而沈積電極。較佳地，使用用於】 相沈積之一真空處理系統來沈積電極。 熟習技術者已知沈狐層之各種方法，意謂本發明涵蓋 斤有：等方法。較佳地，藉由真空蒸發或藉由有機氣相沈 積而安置基於小分子之電致發光層。在若干進一步較佳實 147873.doc -18- 201108854 靶例中，首先將基於聚合物之電致發光層（即〔較大長度 之分子）溶解於適合溶劑中，且隨後藉由印刷法或旋塗法 而沈積該等電致發光層。 【實施方式】 將從下文所述實施例中明白本發明之此等及其他態樣且 將參考下文所述實施例而說明本發明之此等及其他態樣。 圖1係根據本發明之一EL裝置之一示意圖。該el裝置包 括一扁平玻璃基板1，已藉由C VD而將一透明IT〇陽極2沈 積至該扁平玻璃基板上。已將包括由導電層（圖中未展示） 隔開之一紅光發射層、一綠光發射層及一藍光發射層的一 OLED堆疊3及透明陰極4 (即：背電極）沈積在該電極之頂 上。陰極係一 Ag金屬電極且具有約1〇奈米之一厚度。 已藉由一非接觸印刷法而將一透明黏著層5施加於陰 極。該透明黏著劑係雙組分環氧黏著劑「UHU 5分鐘固化 膠水」。此外’在印刷之前藉由將奈米級尺寸之Ti〇2顆粒 添加至該黏著劑而使該黏著劑之折射率與該〇LED堆疊之 折射率（n=1.8)匹配。在充滿A之一手套箱内進行該黏著劑 之印刷。 隨後，經由黏著劑而將14個光學元件6(圖i中未展示其 等之所有）貼附至陰極。同樣在手套箱内進行此程序。該 等光學元件係由Zr02製成。 在施加光學元件之後，在T=60°C之一溫度下進行一烘烤 程序’以改良固化及黏著劑之穩定性。 最終，藉由用由玻璃製成之一空腔蓋（圖中未展示）封蓋 147873.doc -19· 201108854 而囊封EL裝置。 圖2展示圖iiOLED裝置及由Zr〇2製成之14個凸出光學 兀件（膠合至陰極）之配置的一示意俯視圖。因此，該等菱 形光學元件部分覆蓋陰極之表面區域，且以一典型七段顯 不益之方式配置。 圖3展不根據本發明之一不同el裝置之一示意圖。〇LED 裝置包括一扁平玻璃基板1，已藉由濺鍍法而將一透明ITO 陽極2沈積至該扁平玻璃基板上。已將一 〇LED堆疊3及一 透明Zn〇陰極4沈積在該電極之頂部上。 已藉由一非接觸印刷法而將包括雙組分環氧黏著劑 「UHU 5分鐘固化膠水」之光學元件6施加於陰極，且該 光學兀件覆蓋陰極之全部表面區域。藉由此方式，有效率 地囊封〇LED裝置，且保護其免受環境影響。 此外已藉由印刷由包括一彩色顏料之黏著劑組成之區 域7而將一圖案併入至光學元件中。在充滿乂之一手套箱 内進仃黏著劑之印席，且纟丁=65。。之一;盈度下進行一烘烤 程序，以改良固化及黏著劑之穩定性。 不再需要藉由封蓋而囊封OLED裝置。 圖4展不根據本發明之一不同EL裝置之一示意圖。 0LED裝置包括一扁平玻璃基板丨，已藉由cvd而將一透 月IT0陽極2沈積至該扁平玻璃基板上。已將一 堆疊3 及透明1TO陰極4沈積在該電極之頂部上。 已藉由一網印法而將一透明黏著層5施加於陰極。該透 明黏著劑係聚胺基甲酸S旨黏著劑。在充滿Ar之-手套箱内 147873.doc -20- 201108854 進行該黏著劑之印刷。 憑藉層壓經由黏著層而將呈一彩色聚合物箔月之形式的 光學元.件6施加於電極。藉由此方式，有效率地囊封 裝置且保護其免受環境影響。 此外，已將不同彩色區域7之一圖案印刷在箔片之表面 上0 隨後，藉由用一玻璃空腔蓋（圖_未展示）封蓋而進行囊 封以保護彩色區域7。 雖然已在圖式及先前描述中詳細繪示及描述本發明，但 此綠示及描述視為說明性或例示性而非限難，本發明: 限於該等所揭示之實施例。 咬热習技術者在實踐本發明時可從圖式、揭示内容及隨附 月東員之研九中理解及實現該等所揭示實施例之其他變 Μ求項單詞「包括」不排除其他S件或步驟， 且不定冠詞「-」不排除複數個。在互不相同 項中列舉某此栌絲夕妯吉a 蜀月衣 、二彳a施之純事貫並非指示不能有利使用此 施之一組人。咬+、<丄 寸带 圍。’ ° 中之任何元件符號不應解釋為限制範 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1展示根據本發明之— EL裝置之一示意圖； 圖2展示圖REL裝置之_示意俯視圖； :3展示根據本發明之—不同肛裝置之—示意圖；及 圖4展示根據本發明之—不同乩裝置之一示意圖。 L主要元件符號說明】 147873.doc -21· 201108854 1 玻璃基板 2 第一透明電極/陽極 3 電致發光堆疊 4 第二透明電極/陰極 5 黏著層 6 光學元件 7 區域 147873.doc -22-S 17· 201108854 Extremely the anode and cathode. More preferably, the power and/or electrical DC voltage is between the anode and the cathode. In another preferred embodiment, the power source and/or voltage source provides y volts and, volts, more preferably: truncated and volts. In SI, the invention is directed to a method of producing an electroluminescent device according to the invention, comprising the steps of: providing a substrate; depositing the following S-piece onto the substrate in the stated order: pole, - electricity An electroluminescent stack, a second transparent electrode and at least one optical component. The optical element is in optical contact with the second transparent electrode, at least partially covering a surface area of the second transparent collar * is + I r-electrode and adapted to reflect and/or refract light to the first transparent electrode In the direction. A number of preferred embodiments of the method according to the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description of the rainbow device. However, some of the preferred embodiments will be apparent from the following. In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes the step of applying a transparent adhesive to the second transparent electrode. Even more preferably, the method further includes the additional step of applying at least a transparent layer to protect the first electrode and 7 or to increase transparency prior to applying the transparent adhesive. ° Electrode is deposited by any suitable means. Preferably, the electrode is deposited using a vacuum processing system for phase deposition. Various methods known to those skilled in the art for the fox layer are intended to encompass the present invention. Preferably, the small molecule-based electroluminescent layer is disposed by vacuum evaporation or by organic vapor deposition. In a number of further preferred embodiments 147873.doc -18-201108854, the polymer-based electroluminescent layer (ie [larger length molecules]) is first dissolved in a suitable solvent and subsequently printed or spinned The electroluminescent layers are deposited by coating. [Embodiment] These and other aspects of the present invention will be apparent from the description of the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of one of the EL devices in accordance with the present invention. The el device comprises a flat glass substrate 1 onto which a transparent IT crucible anode 2 has been deposited by C VD. An OLED stack 3 and a transparent cathode 4 (ie, a back electrode) including a red light emitting layer, a green light emitting layer, and a blue light emitting layer separated by a conductive layer (not shown) have been deposited on the electrode. On top of it. The cathode is an Ag metal electrode and has a thickness of about 1 nanometer. A transparent adhesive layer 5 has been applied to the cathode by a non-contact printing method. The transparent adhesive is a two-component epoxy adhesive "UHU 5-minute curing adhesive". Further, the refractive index of the adhesive was matched to the refractive index of the 〇LED stack (n = 1.8) by adding nano-sized Ti 2 particles to the adhesive prior to printing. The printing of the adhesive is carried out in a glove box filled with one of A. Subsequently, 14 optical elements 6 (all of which are not shown in Fig. i) are attached to the cathode via an adhesive. This procedure is also carried out in the glove box. These optical elements are made of Zr02. After the application of the optical element, a baking procedure was performed at a temperature of T = 60 ° C to improve the stability of the curing and the adhesive. Finally, the EL device was encapsulated by capping 147873.doc -19·201108854 with a cavity cover (not shown) made of glass. Figure 2 shows a schematic top view of the arrangement of the ii OLED device and the 14 protruding optical elements (glue to the cathode) made of Zr 〇 2 . Thus, the diamond optics partially cover the surface area of the cathode and are configured in a typical seven-segment manner. Figure 3 shows a schematic view of one of the different el devices in accordance with one aspect of the present invention. The 〇LED device comprises a flat glass substrate 1 onto which a transparent ITO anode 2 has been deposited by sputtering. A stack of LEDs 3 and a transparent Zn cathode 4 have been deposited on top of the electrodes. An optical element 6 comprising a two-component epoxy adhesive "UHU 5-minute curing glue" has been applied to the cathode by a non-contact printing method, and the optical element covers the entire surface area of the cathode. In this way, the LED device is efficiently encapsulated and protected from the environment. Further, a pattern has been incorporated into the optical element by printing a region 7 composed of an adhesive comprising a color pigment. In the glove box filled with enamel, insert the adhesive on the pad, and the sardine = 65. . One; a baking process under the sizing to improve the stability of the curing and adhesive. It is no longer necessary to encapsulate the OLED device by capping. Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of one of the different EL devices in accordance with one aspect of the present invention. The 0 LED device includes a flat glass substrate 丨, and a permeable moon IOT anode 2 has been deposited onto the flat glass substrate by cvd. A stack 3 and a transparent 1TO cathode 4 have been deposited on top of the electrode. A transparent adhesive layer 5 has been applied to the cathode by a screen printing method. The transparent adhesive is a polyurethane for an adhesive. The adhesive is printed in a glove box filled with Ar 147873.doc -20- 201108854. An optical element. 6 in the form of a colored polymer foil is applied to the electrode by lamination via an adhesive layer. In this way, the device is efficiently encapsulated and protected from the environment. In addition, one of the different colored areas 7 has been printed on the surface of the foil. Subsequently, the color area 7 is protected by encapsulation with a glass cavity cover (not shown). While the invention has been illustrated and described with reference to the particular embodiments In the practice of the present invention, the skilled person may understand and implement the other variants of the disclosed embodiments, including the words "including", from the drawings, the disclosure, and the accompanying drawings. Or steps, and the indefinite article "-" does not exclude plural. In the different items, the list of the singularity of the 栌 妯 妯 a 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非 并非Bite +, < 丄 inch band. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one of the EL devices according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view showing the REL device; - a schematic view of different anal devices; and Figure 4 shows a schematic view of one of the different devices according to the present invention. L main component symbol description] 147873.doc -21· 201108854 1 Glass substrate 2 First transparent electrode/anode 3 Electroluminescence stack 4 Second transparent electrode/cathode 5 Adhesive layer 6 Optical element 7 Area 147873.doc -22-