TW201041925A - Surfactants based on polyurethanes - Google Patents
Surfactants based on polyurethanes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201041925A TW201041925A TW099101704A TW99101704A TW201041925A TW 201041925 A TW201041925 A TW 201041925A TW 099101704 A TW099101704 A TW 099101704A TW 99101704 A TW99101704 A TW 99101704A TW 201041925 A TW201041925 A TW 201041925A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- molecular weight
- acid
- polyether
- range
- Prior art date
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 29
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RADGOBKLTHEUQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(4+) Chemical compound [Ru+4] RADGOBKLTHEUQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- -1 phthalate polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 41
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 28
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 14
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N monopropylene glycol Natural products CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 11
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 9
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CO KPSSIOMAKSHJJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 4
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N (E)-cinnamyl alcohol Chemical compound OC\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-QPJJXVBHSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-propanediol Substances OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 150000002773 monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCCN XFNJVJPLKCPIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MXVMRHIWTSFDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobenzenecarboximidamide Chemical compound NC(=N)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl MXVMRHIWTSFDPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXXJHWLDUBFPOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzamidine Chemical compound NC(=N)C1=CC=CC=C1 PXXJHWLDUBFPOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003544 oxime group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(C(=O)N)=CC2=C1 GYSCBCSGKXNZRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTMHWPIWNRWQEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylcyclohexene Chemical compound CC1=CCCCC1 CTMHWPIWNRWQEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTNICFBTUIFPOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)ethane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC(O)COC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 CTNICFBTUIFPOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCNCCO MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC(O)=O WXUAQHNMJWJLTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYQOZDVPTVECLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(1H-inden-1-yl)propan-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCCN)C=CC2=C1 PYQOZDVPTVECLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNVRRHSXBLFLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-3-methylbut-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C=C HNVRRHSXBLFLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004261 Ascorbyl stearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCC JYFHYPJRHGVZDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocyanic acid Chemical compound N=C=O OWIKHYCFFJSOEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001089 [(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methanol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- OOCCDEMITAIZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N allylic benzylic alcohol Natural products OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 OOCCDEMITAIZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous cyanic acid Natural products OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound OC1(O)CCCCC1 PDXRQENMIVHKPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N d-alpha-tocopherol Natural products OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutylamine Chemical compound CCCCNCCCC JQVDAXLFBXTEQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940028356 diethylene glycol monobutyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/722—Combination of two or more aliphatic and/or cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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Description
201041925 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關用於例如塗料、黏著劑或密封劑的以聚胺基 甲酸酯類為主之新穎高分子量界面活性劑。 【先前技術】
最近在一些應用領域以及越來越感興趣的話題中變得 需要在各式各樣的應用之聚合5周配物中例如以高分子量補 充物質取代低分子量補充物質諸如界面活性劑、濕潤及分 政劑、穩定劑或者增稍劑。 在此方面被提及的一個例子為商業上可得之低八 ==二=用特別是可歸; 分子通常比具有較高分子量的化合物具有= 然而, …㈣性劑之低分子量時常也與良好 其不總是可用具有莫耳質量大於克/莫耳的化合^ 達成。 ΕΡ 0731148梅述以具有至少2.5之平均NCO官能性的 聚異氰酸酯類為主之親水性改質的聚異氰酸酯加合物,並 與親水性聚_反應。這些成分具有缺點為較高分支程度 阻礙聚醚鏈的親水潛在性之最佳實現,因為空間位阻的原 3 201041925 因,使得當加合物的疏水性部分同時位在疏水相時,不可 能大於2個聚醚鏈同時完全在水相中。結果,EP 0731148 中描述之分散助劑之親水性基團的部分部將總是接近疏水 相。 【發明内容】 本發明因此其目的為提供適當高度分子量界面活性劑 作為(發泡體)添加劑,其可與聚合物或聚合物混合物(較佳 地與聚胺基甲酸酯類’特別是與水性聚胺基曱酸酯分散液)f丨 一起併用而起泡,且乾燥之後,提供細孔發泡體,即使當 其為非常厚時亦為均勻的且其不為細胞毒性且非常實質上 沒有(熱)可分離成分諸如胺類。 頃發現當以聚胺基曱酸酯類為主之新穎界面活性劑用 作添加劑時,達成此目的。
本發明因此提供具有游離異氰酸酯基含量不大於1.0 重量°/〇及10重量%至95重量%含量之經由單官能醇併入 且排列在聚醚鏈内之環氧乙烷單元(分子量=44克/莫耳)4 的聚胺基甲酸酯類,其係藉由下列之反應製備 U A)具有(平均)NC〇官能性在從17至2 5之範圍(較佳在 從1.8至2.2之範圍;更佳2)的聚異氰酸酯預聚物與 至100當量%(以A)之異氰酸醋基團為基準)的一元醇 私二其包含至少一種具有範圍在從15〇至5〇〇〇克/莫耳 = =至1(K)重量%的氧伸乙基單元含量之 早t喊醇中的氧伸烷基單元之含量為基準, 201041925 C) 0至2G當量%(以Α)之異氰酸縣團為基準)的— 分’其包含具有範圍在從32至5〇〇〇克/莫耳之 子量的除了成分B)的化合物之外的一元醇, 卞习刀 D) 0至80當量%(以A)之異氰酸醋基團為基準 在從32 S 1〇_克/莫耳之數量平均分子量的結構成= 為了 NCO加成反應,其為至少二官能, 有胺甲酸S旨形成及有紋有尿素形成,其中任何過量nc〇 Ο
基團已藉由同時或接著二級反應而反應降至不大於L 量%之殘餘含量。 、· 在本發明之聚胺基曱酸酯類中環氧乙烷單元(分子量 ~ 44克/莫耳)的含量較佳為在從2〇重量%至乃重量%之範 圍,更佳在從35重量〇/〇至60重量%之範圍及最佳在從45 重量%至55重量%之範圍。在本發明之聚胺基曱酸酯類中 游離異氰酸酯基團的含量低於丨重量%;且通常,游離異氰 酸5旨基團不再可檢測。 成分A)的適當聚異氰酸酯預聚物為具有前述NCO官 旎性之已知脂族、芳族或環脂族異氰酸酯官能預聚物。 t可使用於A)中之異氰酸酯官能預聚物可藉由聚異氰酸 酯與羥基-官能多元醇在觸煤存在或不存在下以及在補助 及辅助材料存在或不存在下之反應獲得。 該等適當異氰酸酯官能結構單元A)的例子為以多元醇 ,低分子量異氰酸酯結構單元為主之預聚物。低分子量異 氰酉文酯結構單元為化合物例如1,4-伸丁基二異氰酸酯、1,6_ /、亞甲基二異氰酸酯(HDI)、異佛_二異氰酸酯(IpDI)、 201041925 2,2,4-及/或2,,4,4-三甲基六亞曱基二異氰酸酯、異構雙(4,44-異氰酸基環己基)甲烷或它們的任何所要異構物含量之混 合物、1,4-伸環己基二異氰酸酯、4-異氰酸基曱基-1,8-辛烷 二異氰酸酯(壬烷三異氰酸酯)、1,4-伸苯基二異氰酸酯、2,4-及/或2,6-苯亞曱基二異氰酸酯、1,5-伸萘基二異氰酸酯、 2,2’-及/或2,4’-及/或4,4’-二苯基曱烷二異氰酸酯、1,3-及/ 或1,4-雙(2-異氰酸基丙-2-基)苯(TMXDI)、1,3-雙(異氰酸基 曱基)苯(XDI)以及具有C1-C8-烷基之2,6-二異氰酸基己酸 烷酯(離胺酸二異氰酸酯)。 ^ 異氰酸酯官能成分A)可包含例如脲二酮、異氰脲酸 酯、胺基甲酸酯、尿素、脲基甲酸酯、縮二脲、亞胺噁二 嗪二酮或噁二嗪三酮結構以及其混合物。 用於製備A)之聚合多元醇為熟知的聚胺基曱酸酯塗布 技術聚酯多元醇類、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酯 多元醇類、聚碳酸酯多元醇類、聚醚多元醇類、聚酯聚丙 烯酸酯多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇類、聚 胺基曱酸酯聚酯多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酯聚醚多元醇類、 聚胺基甲酸酯聚碳酸酯多元醇及聚酯聚碳酸酯多元醇。此 等可個別或以彼此之任何所要混合物用於製備預聚物A)。 適當聚酯多元醇為由二-及亦視情況三-及四醇與二-及 亦視情況三及四羧酸或羥基羧酸或内酯形成之已知聚縮合 物。代替游離聚羧酸,也可能使用製備聚酯用之低級醇的 對應聚羧酸酐或對應聚羧酸酯。 適當二醇的例子為乙二醇、丁二醇、二乙二醇、三乙 201041925 二醇、聚烷二醇如聚乙二醇、亦1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、 1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,6-己二醇及異構物、新戊二醇 或新戊二醇羥基三曱基乙酯,其中1,6-己二醇及異構物、 1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇及新戊二醇羥基三曱基乙酯為較佳。 除此等外,也可能使用多元醇諸如三羥曱丙烷、甘油、赤 藻糖醇、新戊四醇、三羥曱基苯或三聚異氰酸參羥乙酯。 有用的二羧酸包含鄰苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、對苯二 曱酸、四氫鄰苯二曱酸、六氫鄰苯二曱酸、環己烷二羧酸、 己二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、戊二酸、四氯鄰苯二曱酸、順 丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、伊康酸、丙二酸、辛二酸、2-甲 基琥珀酸、3,3-二曱基戊二酸及/或2,2-二曱基琥珀酸。亦可 使用對應酐作為酸之來源。 當欲被酯化的多元醇之平均官能度大於2時,也可另 外使用單羧酸,例如苄酸及己烷羧酸。 較佳酸為前述種類之脂族或芳族酸。己二酸、間苯二 曱酸及對苯二曱酸為特佳。 在具有終端羥基的聚酯多元醇之製備中可用作反應參 與者之羥羧酸包括例如羥己酸、羥丁酸、羥癸酸、羥硬脂 酸等等。適當内酯包含己内酯、丁内酯及同系物。己内酯 為較佳。 低分子量多元醇類也可用於製備A)。該等二醇的例子 為乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二 醇、1,6-己二醇、1,8-辛二醇、新戊二醇、1,4-雙羥曱基環 己烷、2-曱基-1,3-丙二醇、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇、二丙 201041925 二醇L聚丙二醇、二丁二醇、聚丁二醇、雙酚A及前述種 類的經内賴改質之二醇。 聚醚多元醇類使用於製備A)為較佳。 用於製備成分A)之聚醚多元醇類通常具有範圍在從 300至_克/莫耳’較佳範圍在從400至6000克/莫耳且 更佳在從_至3_克/莫耳之數量平均分子量施。 $旦對^其而言進一步特佳為具有每克多元醇不大於〇.〇2毫 當里(宅當量/克)’較佳地不大於〇〇15毫當量/克且更佳地 不大於〇.01毫當量/克(測定方法:ASTMD2849-69)之不飽Ο 和端基含量。 >以聚胺基甲酸酉旨類(1)為主之本發明界面活性劑的多元 醇,含里較佳具有在從15至4之範圍,更佳在從18至2 5 之1巳圍及最佳在從1.9至2·1之範圍的qh官能性。 曰其特佳者為具有在從1.0至1.5之範圍的特別窄的分子 量分佈,也就是多分散性(PD = Mw/Mn)及/或大於丨9之 〇H g能性。所述聚鱗多元醇較佳具有在從ι.〇至1 $之範 圍的多分散性及大於19且更佳地不少於! 95之〇H官能 性。 该等聚醚多元醇類可以習知方式藉由適當祕物分子 的烷氧基化作用,特別是在加倍金屬氰化物(DMC)催化作 用下獲得。此描述例如於US_A 5158 922(例如實例3〇)及 EP-A 0 654 302 (第5頁第26行至第6頁第32行)中。 用於製備聚_多元醇類的適當起始物分子為例如簡單 低分子量多元醇、水、具有至少二個N-H鍵之有機多胺類 8 201041925 或其任何所要混合物。用於烷氡基化作用之適當環氡浐 特別是環氧乙狀/或環氧秘,其可以任何所要順序= 摻合物使用於烷氧基化反應中。
G 用於藉由烷氧基化作用(特別是藉由依照DMC方法)製 備聚醚多元醇類的較佳起始物分子特別為簡單多元醇類諸 如乙^醇、三乙二醇、三乙二醇、丁二醇、丁二醇、H 丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、二醇、丨,6-己二醇、 環己二醇、1,4-環己烷二甲醇、新戊二醇、2_乙基d 3己二 醇、甘油:三經曱乙院、三經甲丙院、新戊四醇、山梨[ 醇、二乙醇胺、氫醌二羥乙基醚、雙酚α(2,2_ 丙烧)、氫化雙紛Α(2,2_雙㈣環己基)丙燒)以及該等多土元 醇類與舉翁下之觀的二紐之低分子量含Μ基醋類或 該等簡單多元醇類之低分子量乙氧化作用或丙氧化作用產 物’或任何料經改性或未㈣性之_的所要混合物。
有效聚峻多元醇類包括例如熟知的聚胺基甲酸醋化學 聚四亞甲基二醇聚_,其係藉由四氫料經由陽離子開 環的聚合作用獲得,以及聚丙二醇及聚碳酸醋多元醇,或 其混合物,且特佳者為聚丙二醇。 有效聚醚多元醇類同樣地包括熟知的氧化苯乙严 氧乙烧、環氧狀、環氧丁敍/或表氯醇對二 =
始物分子之加成產物。 f S —醇類諸如α_經丁基 己二酸β-羥乙酯或對 也適當者為特定分子量範圍之酯 -ε-幾己酸酯、ω_經己基·γ_經丁酸酯、 敵酸雙(β-經乙酯)。 201041925 也可使用含單官能異氰酸酯反應性羥基化合物。該等 單官能化合物的例子為乙醇、正丁醇、乙二醇單丁醚、二 乙二醇單曱醚、二乙二醇單丁醚、丙二醇單曱醚、二丙二 醇單曱醚、三丙二醇單曱醚、二丙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單 丁醚、二丙二醇單丁醚、三丙二醇單丁醚、2-乙基己醇、 1-辛醇、1-十二醇、1-十六醇。 另外也可能使用NH2-及/或NH-官能成分以製備異氰 酸酯預聚物。 用於鏈伸長之適當成分為有機二-或多胺類如例如,乙 二胺、1,2-及1,3-二胺基丙烧、1,4-二胺基丁烧、1,6-二胺基 己烷、異佛酮二胺、2,2,4-及2,4,4-三曱基六亞曱基二胺的 異構物混合物、2-曱基五曱亞基二胺、二伸乙三胺、二胺 基二環己基曱烷及/或二曱基乙二胺。 另外也可能使用其不但具有一級胺基基團且具有二級 胺基基團或其不但具有胺基基團(一級或二級)且具有OH 基團之化合物。其例子為一級/二級胺類,諸如二乙醇胺、 3-胺基-1-曱胺基丙烧、3-胺基-1-乙胺基丙燒、3-胺基-1-環 己胺基丙烷、3-胺基-1-曱胺基丁烷、醇胺類諸如N-胺乙基 乙醇胺、乙醇胺、3-胺基丙醇、新戊醇胺,其係用於鏈伸 長或終止。鏈終止作用一般利用具有一個異氰酸酯-反應性 基團的胺類諸如曱胺、乙胺、丙胺、丁胺、辛胺、月桂胺、 硬脂胺、異壬氧基丙胺、二曱胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二丁 胺、N-曱胺基丙胺、二乙基(曱基)胺基丙胺、嗎福林、哌啶、 或其適當經取代衍生物、從二-一級胺類及單羧酸類形成之 201041925 醯胺-胺類、二-一級胺類、一級/三級胺類,諸如n,N-二甲 胺基丙胺之monoketime。 成分A)之化合物較佳為上述種類之預聚物,其單獨地 具有連接至異氰酸酯基團之脂族或環脂族或其混合物且對 於混合物,平均NCO官能性在從1.7至2.5(較佳地1.8至 2.2 ’更佳2)之範圍。 對於A)較佳者為利用上述種類之聚異氰酸酯預聚物, 其係以六甲亞基二異氰酸酯、異佛酮二異氰酸酯或異構雙 (4,4 _異氰酸基環己基)甲烷類、以及上述二異氰酸酯類之混 合物為主。 異氰酸酯官能預聚物A)係藉由使低分子量聚異氰酸酯 與多元醇以較佳2 : 1至20 : 1之NCO/OH比反應而製得。 反應溫度通常在從20至160°C之範圍及較佳在從6〇至 l〇〇°C之範圍。特佳具體實例包含然後藉適當方法除去部分 未轉化的聚異氰酸酯。薄膜蒸餾習用於此目的,因為其產 生具有小於5重量%(較佳小於〇 5重量%及最佳小於〇1重 量%)之低殘餘單體含量的產物。 成分B)之適當非離子型親水性化合物為包含至少一個 羥基之單官能聚氧伸烷基醚類。例子為單羥基官能聚環氧 烷聚醚醇類,其每分子包含平均5至70個(較佳7至55個) 環氧乙烷單元,且可以習知方法藉由適當起始物分子烷氧 化獲得(例如於 Ullmanns Encydopadie der technischen Chemie ’ 第 4 版 ’ 19 冊,Verlag chemie,Weinheim 第 頁)。此等為純聚環氧乙烷醚類或混合環氧乙烷醚類,其包 11 201041925 含至少30莫耳%夕 單元為基準 聽乙料元,以所存在的所有環氧垸 特佳非離子型化合物為具 皁元及〇至70草1〇/卢〆^ 关升/〇%虱乙烷 聚秘 ^莫耳哀虱丙烷皁元之單官能混合聚環氧p ㈣類,以氧伸絲單元之總量為基準。 W域 甲醇Si構I::有效起始物分子包括飽和單醇類諸如 醇二=醇Π:醇、,丁醇、二級_丁 十二醇、i + TO妒 員辛知頌和壬醇類、正癸醇、正 甲美"醢㈣:、正十六醇、正十八醇、環己醇、異構· 甲基%己醉類或經甲基環己燒、3_乙基抑甲 :構 =四氫糠醇、二乙二醇單貌_,例如二乙‘單丁;丁 =飽和醇諸如烯丙醇、U_二甲基稀丙醇或油醇族、 I❹賴 > 異構甲_或甲氧基_、芳脂 ^ :::細或桂皮醇、二級單胺諸如二甲胺、二乙: 已胺^丁胺、雙(2-乙基己基)胺、N-甲基環 已月女、Ν-乙基壞己胺或一環己脸以 福林、解咬、㈣或1H料,—級⑯類諸如嗎 類之飽和單_。特佳麵㈣2起㈣分子為前述種《 作為起始㈣子。 —6二料謂或正丁醇 用於烧氧化有效環氧境_ 氧乙 =烧’其可以任何所欲順序或以摻合物使用於烧氧化: 應中。 ,擇:=單元為由至少-種數量平均分子量 軌圍32至5_克莫耳之—元醇組成的—元醇成分,其為 201041925 除了成分B)的醇類之外。例子為曱醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異 丙醇、正丁醇、異丁醇、二級丁醇、異構戊醇類、己醇類、 辛醇類及壬醇類、正癸醇、正十二醇、正十四醇、正十六 醇、正十八醇、環己醇、脂肪醇類、異構曱基環己醇或羥 甲基環己烷、3-乙基-3-羥曱基氧代環丁烷或四氫糠醇、二 乙二醇單烷醚類,例如二乙二醇單丁醚、不飽和醇類諸如 烯丙醇、1,1-二甲基烯丙醇或油醇、芳脂族醇類,例如苄醇、 茴香醇或桂皮醇。 單官能聚合物也是可使用的,例子為聚氧伸烷基醚 類,其包含羥基及小於30莫耳%的環氧乙烷。較佳者為沒 有任何環氧乙烷結構單元之單官能聚環氧丙烷聚醚。 成分D)之適當結構單元為數量平均分子量範圍32至 10 〇〇〇克/莫耳之異氰酸酯-反應性成分,其為了 NCO加成 反應而為多官能。特別是較佳地具有最多至20個碳原子的 低分子量多元醇類之例子為乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、 1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、環己二 醇、1,4-環己烷二曱醇、1,6-己二醇、新戊二醇、氫醌二羥 乙基醚、雙酚A(2,2-雙(4-羥苯基)丙烷)、氫化雙酚A、(2,2-雙(4-羥環己基)丙烷)、三羥曱丙烷、甘油、赤藻糖醇、新 戊四醇、以及其每個或彼此之任何所要混合物。也可能使 用具有最多至10 〇〇〇克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之聚酯多元 醇類、聚丙烯酸酯多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酯多元醇類、聚 碳酸酯多元醇類、聚醚多元醇類、聚酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇 類、聚胺基曱酸酯聚丙烯酸酯多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酯聚 13 201041925 酯多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酯聚醚多元醇類、聚胺基曱酸酷 聚碳酸酯多元醇類及聚酯聚碳酸酯多元醇類。也可能特別 使用二-或多胺類諸如1,2-乙二胺、1,2-及1,3·二胺基丙烷、 1.4- 二胺基丁烷、1,6-二胺基己烷、異佛酮二胺、2,2,4-及 2.4.4- 三曱基六亞曱基二胺的異構物混合物、2-曱基五曱亞 基二胺、二伸乙三胺、三胺基壬烷、1,3-及1,4-茬二胺、 α,α,α’,α’-四曱基-1,3-與-1,4-茬二胺及4,4-二胺基二環己基 曱烷及/或二曱基乙二胺。亦有可能使用肼以及醯肼諸如己 二酸二醯肼。較佳者為異佛酮二胺、1,2-乙二胺、1,4-二胺〇 基丁烷及二伸乙三胺。成分D)可進一步利用其不但具有— 級胺基基團也具有二級胺基基團或不但具有胺基基團(― 級或二級)且也具有ΟΗ基之化合物。其例子為一級/二級胺 類’諸如二乙醇胺、3-胺基-1-曱胺基丙烷、3-胺基-1-乙胺 基丙烷、3-胺基-1-環己胺基丙烷、3-胺基-1-曱胺基丁烷、 醇胺類諸如Ν-胺乙基乙醇胺、乙醇胺、3-胺基丙醇、新戊 丙醇。所述成分之混合物也可用作結構單元D)。 一較佳方案不利用成分D),另一較佳方案利用至少—y 種聚氧伸烷基醚作為成分D)。一非常特佳方案利用至少— 禋歙軋伸烷基醚作為成分D),該聚氧伸烷基醚包含至少二 。個異氰酸酯-反應性基團諸如羥基基團及額外至少3〇莫^ =¾軋乙料元’輯有存在的環氧料元為基礎。對方 莫者為二官貞_氧㈣嶋,其包括30至1〇 兵耳/。的%氧乙烷單元及〇至 且其甚至更佳為存在7。請莫耳 201041925 存在環㈣ 適當=少二物分子之締式猎由 夢由使上11月之錢基甲酸㈣的較佳方案包含首先 曰 祕狀三異氰_旨反應且缺乏疏水性 莫耳的數量平均分子量之聚㈣^
預聚物Α),例如。在此反應中異氰酸酯基圈 及異乱酸酯-反舰基團之_財比難在從2:ι至2〇 : 且更佳在從5:1幻5:1之範圍。在異氰_-^應^基團之反應後’-較佳方案包含以蒸新例如以薄膜 条發益)及在真空中加熱除去至少大部分的殘留二異氛酸 酯。在此方法中所得混合物接著與成分Β)及視需要選用之 成分C)及/或與視需要選用之成分D)反應。用作成分⑴較 佳者則為數量平均分子量範圍35〇至3〇〇〇克/莫耳(更佳7〇〇 至2300克/莫耳)之單聚醚醇,其較佳具有7〇重量%至1〇〇 重量%之環氧乙烷單元含量,以氧伸烷基單元之含量為美 準。 * 土 在A)與B)及視需要選用之c)及/或D)的反應中,異氛 酸酯基團及異氰酸酯-反應性基團之間的莫耳比較佳在從 0.5 : 1至2 : 1之範圍,更佳在從〇.7 : 1至1.2 : 1之範圍 及最佳等於1 : 1。用於反應之較佳溫度範圍為20至l8()〇e 且更佳地40至130。〇反應較佳進行直到以IR光譜分析不 可測得任何異氰酸酯基團。一特佳方案不利用C)也不利用 D) ’另一特佳方案只利用D)。 15 201041925 在預聚物A)之製備及在本發明之聚胺基甲酸= 備二者中可能使用熟習該項技術者已知的觸媒。例 入二級胺類、錫、鋅或鉍化合物諸如三乙胺、1,4_ 一氣々铉。 環-[2,2,2]-辛烷、二辛酸錫、二月桂酸二丁錫、及一辛^ 如果需要,在製備期間及/或之後可加入穩定劑諸如卷^ 氯、異酞醯氣、璘酸二丁酯、3-氯丙酸、抗氧化劑或甲本 續酸甲醋。 本發明之聚胺基曱酸酯類較佳係使用在下列數量範圍 内的成分A)至〇)製備·· 10重量%至80重量%且更佳地2〇重量%至50重量%之成 分A), 20重量%至90重量%且更佳地30重量%至50重量%之成 分B), 0重量%至15重量%且更佳地0重量%至5重量%之成分 C),及 0重量%至6G重量%且更佳地1G重量%至3() 分D)。 心取 除了所述成分A)、B)、c)及D)之外,不在 US圍之另外異她旨結構單元及異氰酸@旨_^ 、..σ構早兀可併人本發明之聚胺基曱酸_中,但較 及最佳沒有除A)、B)、C),:_ 本發明進—步提供本發明之聚胺基甲㈣ $ 劑、助劑、補充物質、乳化劑、相容劑、濕潤劑、分散: 201041925 穩定劑、改良劑、脫膜劑、增稠劑及/或助黏劑之用途。 應用例為於塗料、清漆、油漆、黏著劑、層麗材料、 选封劑、印刷墨水、液體墨水、著色劑、染料、染色劑、 媒染劑、柔皮劑、上漿、浸潰(pickle)、防腐及防銹劑、浸 透劑及圖片材料類、用於製備傷口接觸材料及失禁產品、 用於製備醫藥配物、作為潤滑、滑動、脫膜或冷卻劑、用 於馬達燃料、作為油、用於或作為稀釋、清潔及/或預處理 劑、用於任何類型的食品之用途。 較佳者為本發明之聚胺基甲酸酯類作為聚合物(較佳 地該等以聚胺基甲酸酯為主者)之發泡體穩定劑的用途。根 據本發明之用途較佳產生發泡體之親水化 (hydrophilicizati〇n)以及穩定化。上述發泡體較佳包含藉由 物理乾燥而獲自水性聚胺基曱酸酯分散液之發泡體。曰 本發明之聚胺基甲酸酯類可與溶劑諸如X,例如,水, 增稠劑或觸變劑、穩定劑、自由基清除劑類、黏合劑、發 泡助劑、抗氧化劑、光保護劑、乳化劑、塑化劑、顏料、X 填料及/或流動控制劑一起使用於上述用途之領域。 進-步補充物質為交聯劑、增稠劑或觸變劑、其他水 性黏合劑、抗氧化劑、光保護劑、乳化劑、塑 填料及/或流動控制劑。 顏十斗 該等增稠劑可為糊精、殿粉或纖維素之衍生物,例子 為纖維素醚或經乙基纖維素、以聚丙_、聚乙烯料咬 酮、聚(甲基)丙烯酸化合物或聚胺基甲酸酯為主之有機全合 成增稠劑(結合增_)以及以及無機增_劑,例如= 17 201041925 (bentonites)或矽石。 有效的该等交聯劑包括例如非嵌段之聚異氰酸酯、醯 胺-及胺-甲酸樹脂、紛樹脂、酸及綱樹脂,例子為酴甲酸 =月曰:可樹脂、咬°南樹月旨、服樹脂、胺*甲酸醋樹 月曰一纟树脎、三聚氫胺樹脂、笨并胍胺樹脂、氰胺樹脂 或笨胺樹脂。 其它水性黏合劑可由例如聚酿、聚丙烯酸醋、聚環氧 或其它聚胺基甲駿輯聚合物建構。類似地,亦有可能組合 如例如ΕΡ-Α-0 753 531中所述之轄射可固化黏合劑。進一 f v可此使用其匕陰離子性或非離子性分散液,例如聚乙酸 I?:聚乙烯、聚笨乙烯、聚丁二烯、聚氯乙烯、聚丙 稀酉文醋及共聚物分散液。 和以明之聚胺基f酸_有利地穩定的聚合物發泡 體可以t氣乙埽類、中$祕分 _ t丙烯酸g旨類、聚礙化二亞胺類 (polycarbonimides) ^ ψ ψ μ. ^ ^ β热去谢Β匕相S t甲基丙歸酿亞胺類、聚酿胺類、酚 及尿素樹脂類、聚矽惫栌+:g、取队^ 0 ' &氧烷類♦胺基胺類、聚(羥基羧酸) 類^^曰類、聚_、聚㈣ s旨類、聚自旨聚碳酸s旨類、^ Ml丙沐u ether、魅枣祕取 氧伸燒基趟(polyoxyalkylene ether)類、聚醚聚丙歸酸 r ^ 類I醚聚碳酸酯類、聚醚聚醯 ^ ^ 胺類、聚腺類、聚胺基甲酸醋類、聚胺 基曱酸自曰聚丙烯酸鴨類、雙胺其 酸醚類、5^基甲駄酯聚酯類、聚胺基甲 •^聚f W基曱酸醋聚腺類及聚胺基曱酸醋聚破酸 醋類以及其任何所要混合物為主。較佳:::夂广认 仏基甲㈣類、聚胺基甲酸酉旨聚两烯酸酉旨類、聚胺基曱 201041925 酸酯聚酯類、聚胺基曱酸酯聚醚類、 及聚胺基甲_旨繼《貞以及其任何所要 聚脲類 本發=之聚胺基曱酸醋類在上述應用中顯示有利 果,即使h低量中使料。其中本發明之聚胺基甲酸醋 ,使用,佳範圍從至15重量份,更佳從g 5至Μ 重量份及最麵丨纟6重量份,以組成物之賴含量為基 準。
Ο 本lx明之聚胺基曱酸酯類可使用於上述具有撓性之應 用中且若適當,可使用溶解或分散在其中之溶劑諸如水广 【實施方式】 實例 除非另有指明,所有百分比以重量計。所報告之發泡 體添加劑含量係以水溶液為基準。 固體含量係根據DIN-ΕΝ ISO 3251測定。 NC〇含置除非明顯提及’否則係根據DIN-EN ISO 11909以體積測定。 聚胺基甲酸酯分散液1之平均粒徑(報告數目平均)的 測量係使用雷射相關光譜(儀器:Malvern Zetasizer 1〇〇〇,
Malver Inst. Limited)進行。 除非另有提及’否則所使用之聚丙二醇聚醚以DMC 催化作用(沒有鹼)製備。 f非另有提及,否顺報告之莫耳質量為重量平均莫 耳質篁。其以GPC分析細氫㈣巾於μ毫升/最小流速 201041925 測定。聚苯乙烯標準物用於校準測定。 使用之物質及縮寫: 二胺基磺酸酯:NH2-CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2-S03Na(45%於水 中)
Desmophen®C2200 :聚碳酸酯多元醇,〇H值56毫克KOH/ 克’數量平均分子量2000克/莫耳(拜耳材料科學股份有限 公司,Leverkusen,德國)
PolyTHF® 2〇〇〇 :聚四曱亞基二醇多元醇,〇H值56毫克 KOH/克’數量平均分子量2000克/莫耳(BASF AG,f) Ludwigshafen,德國)
PolyTHF® 1000 :聚四曱亞基二醇多元醇,〇H值112毫克 KOH/克’數量平均分子量1000克/莫耳(BASF AG, Ludwigshafen,德國)
Polyether LB25 :以環氧乙烷/環氧丙烷為主之單官能聚醚, 數量平均分子量2250克/莫耳,OH值25毫克KOH/克(拜 耳材料科學股份有限公司,LeverkuSen,德國) HDI :六曱亞基1,6-二異氰酸酯 ◎ 實例1 :聚胺基曱酸酯分散液1之製備 在標準攪拌裝置中將1077.2克的PolyTHF® 2000、 409.7 克的 P〇iyThf® 1000、830.9 克的 Desmophen® C2200 及48.3克的LB25聚醚加熱至70°C。然後,在70°C下於5 分鐘期間添加258.7克的六亞曱二異氰酸酯及341.9克的異 佛酮二異氰酸酯之混合物,且混合物於12(TC下攪拌直至達 到理論NCO值或實際NCO值已些微低於理論NCO值。將 20 201041925 最終預聚物以4840克的丙酮溶解,在過程中,冷卻至5(rc, 隨後於10分鐘期間與計量供給的27.4克的乙二胺、127.1 克的異佛酮二胺、67.3克的二胺基續酸酯及12〇〇克的水之 溶液摻合。隨後將混合物攪拌1〇分鐘。然後,藉由添加654 克的水开> 成分散液。此接著藉由在減壓下蒸餾而移除溶劑。 所得聚胺基曱酸醋分散液具有下列性質: 固體含量:59.0% 粒徑(LCS) : 487奈米 pH(23°〇 : 7.1 實例2 最初將1300克的HDI、1.3克的苯甲醯氯及丨3克的對 -甲本%酸甲S曰進料至4升四頸燒瓶並授拌。於8〇〇c下在3 小時期間加入1456克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子 里之一 g忐聚丙一醇聚醚,接著於8〇〇c下攪拌i小時。隨 後於130°C及0.1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量Η〇ι ;最初進 料燒瓶中有1克的氣丙酸。所得NC0預聚物具有3.23%之 NCO含量及1650 mPas之黏度(25。〇。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料225克的p〇lyether lb 25聚 謎及则克之具有簾克/莫耳之數量平均分子量的二官能 聚乙二醇聚趟並擾拌。於8(PC下在2 5小時期間加入26〇 克的上述NCO預聚物,接著於8〇σ(:下授拌4小時,直到 以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出Nc〇基團。所得界面活性劑 為具有21 346克/莫耳之重量平均莫耳質量的固體。 21 201041925 最初將2000克的HDI、1·3克的苯甲醯氣及1.3克的對 -曱苯磺酸曱酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇。〇下在3 小時期間加入⑼克之具有1〇〇〇克/莫耳之數量平均分子 量的二官能聚丙二醇聚醚,接著於80°c下攪拌1小時。隨 後於130°C及0.1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。所得NCO 預聚物具有6.24%之NCO含量及1650 mPa之黏度(25。〇。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料600克之具有2〇〇〇克/莫耳的 數量平均分子量之單官能聚乙二醇聚醚(MeOPEG)並擾 拌。於70°C下在0.5小時期間加入202克的上述nc〇預Ο 聚物,接著於80°C下攪拌4小時,直到以IR光譜分析不 再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活性劑為具有7232克/莫 耳之重量平均莫耳質量的固體。 ' 實例4 最初將2000克的HDI、1.3克的笨曱醯氯及丨3克的對 -曱苯磺酸曱酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇0(:下在3 小時期間加入⑼克之具有1000克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之二官能聚丙二醇聚醚,接著於80〇C下攪拌丨小時。隨❹ 後於130°C及0· 1托下以薄臈蒸餾移除過量Hm。所得NC〇 預聚物具有6.24/0之NCO含量及1650 mPas之黏度(25°C)。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料750克之具有5〇〇〇克/莫耳的 數量平均分子量之單g能聚乙二醇聚趟(Me〇pEG)並攪 拌。於70°C下在0.5小時期間加入克的上述預 聚物,接著於80°C下攪拌4小時,直到以IR光譜分析不 再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活性劑為具有13 849克/ 22 201041925 莫耳之重量平均莫耳質量的固體。 實例5 最/刀將2000克的HDI、1.3克的苯甲醯氯及! 3克的對 -曱笨石頁酸甲酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並授拌。於8〇〇c下在3 小時期間加入1000克之具有1000克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之二官能聚丙二醇聚醚,接著於8〇cc下攪拌i小時。隨 後於130°C及0.1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。所得 預聚物具有6.24%之NCO含量及1650 mpas之黏度(25〇c)。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料675克的p〇iyether LB 25聚 鍵並擾拌。於70°C下在0.5小時期間加入2〇2克的上述NC0 預聚物,接著於90°C下攪拌5小時,直到以IR光譜分析 不再可檢測出NC0基團。所得界面活性劑具有575〇 mpas 之黏度(25°C)及9511克/莫耳之重量平均莫耳質量。 實例6 最初將2000克的HDI、1.3克的苯曱醯氯及} 3克的對 -曱苯續酸曱酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇〇c下在3 小時期間加入1000克之具有1〇〇〇克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之二官能聚丙二醇聚趟,接著於80°C下攪拌1小時。隨 後於13 0 C及0.1托下以薄膜蒸德移除過量hdi。所得NC0 預聚物具有6.24%之NC0含量及1650 mPas (25。〇之黏度。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料281克的P〇lyether LB 25聚 醚及125克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能 聚乙二醇聚醚並攪拌。於80。(:下在2.5小時期間加入167 5 克的上述NC0預聚物’接著於80至100°C下授掉5小時, 23 201041925 直到以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出NC〇基團。所得界面活 性劑為固體。 / 實例7 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料337克的p〇lyether LB乃聚 醚及150克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能 聚乙二醇聚醚並攪拌。於80。(:下在2.5小時期間加入98^ 克Desmodur E 305 (Desmodur E 305為以六曱亞基二異氣 酸醋為主之實質上線性NCO預聚物,NCO含量約12 8%), 接著於90至110°C下授拌5小時,直到以ir光譜分析不❹ 再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活性劑為固體。 實例8 最初將1300克的HDI、1.3克的苯甲醯氣及13克的對 -曱苯磺酸曱酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇〇c下在3 小時期間加入1456克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之二官能聚丙二醇聚醚,接著於80。(:下攪拌1小時。隨 後於130。(:及0.1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。所得Nc〇 預聚物具有3.23%之NCO含量及1650 mPas之黏度(25。〇。❹ 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料100克之具有2000克/莫耳的 數量平均分子量之二官能聚乙二醇聚醚並攪拌。於80〇c下 在2.5小時期間加入258克的上述NCO預聚物,接著於 100°C下攪拌3小時。然後,加入225克的Poly ether LB 25 聚縫’接著於115°C下攪拌2.5小時,直到以IR光譜分析 不再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活性劑為非常黏的液體。 實例9 24 201041925 最初將1300克的HDI、1.3克的苯甲醯氯及13克的對 -甲苯磺酸甲酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇〇c下在3 小時期間加入1456克之具有2〇〇〇克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之一官能聚丙二醇聚_,接著於80°C下授拌1小時。隨 後於130°C及0·1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。所得NC〇 預聚物具有3.23 /〇之NCO含量及1650 mPas之黏度(250C)。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料112 5克的p〇lyether LB 25 聚醚及150克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官 能聚乙二醇聚醚並攪拌。於8〇°C下在0.5小時期間加入257 克的上述NCO預聚物,接著於100_U5〇C下欖拌4小時, 直到以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活 性劑為固體。 實例10 最初將1300克的HDI、1.3克的苯甲醯氯及13克的對 -甲苯磺酸曱酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇°c下在3 小時期間加入1456克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之一官能聚丙'一醇聚鍵’接著於80°C下授掉1小時。隨 後於130°C及0.1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。所得NCO 預聚物具有3_23%之NCO含量及1650 mPas之黏度(25°C)。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料287克的Polyether LB 25聚 醚及42.5克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官 能聚乙二醇聚醚並攪拌。於80°C下在0.5小時期間加入220 克的上述NC0預聚物,接著於下100-120。(:攪拌5小時, 直到以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活 25 201041925 性劑為非常最高黏度液體。 實例π 最初將1300克的HDI、1·3克的苯甲醯氣及丨3克的對 -曱苯磺酸曱酯進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於8〇〇c下在3 小時期間加入1456克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子 量之一官能聚丙一醇聚醚,接著於80°C下授拌1小時。隨 後於130。(:及0‘1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。所得NC〇 預聚物具有3.23%之NCO含量及i65〇mpas之黏度(25。〇。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料200克的具有2〇〇〇克/莫耳的〇 數量平均分子量之單官能聚乙二醇聚趟(Me〇pEG)及1〇〇克 之具有2_克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能聚乙二醇 聚醚並攪拌。於80°c下在0.5小時期間加入257克的上述 NCO預聚物,接著於100_120〇c下攪拌4小時,直到以瓜 光谱分析不再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活性劑為固體。 實例12 最初將1300克的HDI及〇 3克的磷酸二丁酯進料至4 升四頸燒瓶並祕。於下在3小時期間加人1456克〇 之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能聚丙二醇 聚醚,接著於80。(:下授拌i小時。隨後於i3〇〇c及〇a托 下以薄膜蒸娜除過量HDI;最初進料燒瓶中有 2克的
Ronotec 201(生育酚)。所得NC〇預聚物具有3 27%之nc〇 含量及1680 mPas之黏度(25。(:)。 最初將2升四頬燒瓶進料225克的p〇iyether LB 25聚 醚及100克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能 26 201041925 聚乙二醇聚鍵並擾拌。於7G°C下在2.5小時期間加入260 克的上述NCO預聚物,接著於70〇c下攪拌5小時,直到 以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出NC0基團。所得界面活性劑 為固體。 實例13 最初將1300克的HDI進料至4升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。於 8〇°C下加入1456克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量 及24重量%的環氧乙烧單元含量之二官能聚丙二醇聚乙二 醇聚喊並授拌’接著於80°C下授拌1小時。隨後於 及〇. 1托下以薄膜蒸德移除過量HDI。所得NCO預聚物具 有1.99%之NCO含量及1040 mPa之黏度(25〇C)。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料169克的p〇iyether LB 25聚 峻及75.0克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官 能聚乙二醇聚醚並攪拌。於70°C下在2.5小時期間加入284 克的上述NC0預聚物。接著於最多至11〇。(:下攪拌5小時, 直到以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出NC0基團。所得界面活 性劑為固體。 實例14 最初將1400克的HDI及0.2克的異酜醯氯進料4升四 頸燒瓶並攪拌。於80°C下在3小時期間加入1400克之具 有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能聚丙二醇聚醚 (藉由K0H-催化聚合作用製備),接著於80°C下攪拌1小 時。隨後於130°C及0.1托下以薄膜蒸餾移除過量HDI。 所得NC0預聚物具有3.6之NC0含量%及1480 mPas之 27 201041925 黏度(25°C)。 最初將2升四頸燒瓶進料225克的p〇lyether LB 25聚 醚及100克之具有2000克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能 聚乙一醇聚醚並授拌。於7〇〇c下在25丨時期間加入233 克的上述NCO預聚物’接著於不大於丨15。匚下擾拌3小時, 直到以IR光譜分析不再可檢測出NC〇基團。所得界面活 性劑為固體。 實例15(比較): 具有約3·5之平均異氰酸酷官能性的以異氮酸西旨A)為主之 界面活性劑的製備 於80 C下在0.5小時期間藉由攪拌將253克的以六亞 曱基-異氰酸g旨為主之聚異氰酸g旨(平均NC〇官能性約3.5) 之在2升四頸燒瓶中的最初進料與988克的具有76〇克/莫 耳之數量平均分子量的單官能聚乙二醇聚醚(Me〇pEG)摻 合。於80-90oC下將混合物攪拌6小時直到卩IR光譜分析 不再可檢測出NCO基團。所得界面活性劑為具有4491克/ 莫耳之重量平均莫耳質量的固體。 實例16 (比較): 以二異氰酸酯為主之界面活性劑⑴的製備 最初將42克的HDI進料至2升四頸燒瓶並攪拌。甘' 80 C下在1小時間力口入ms克的p〇iyether LB 25聚_, 接著於80 C下攪拌12小時。所得界面活性劑具准 2旦970 mPaS之黏度(25。〇及6885克/莫耳之重量平均莫>耳賀 里。 28 201041925 實例17 (此較)· 具有4之乎均異氰酸酯官能性的以聚異氰酸酯預聚物A)為 主之界面淡性劑的製備 在0.5小時期間於80°C下藉由攪拌將136克的以具有 6.0重量°/°之NC0的六亞甲基二異氰酸酯為主之聚醚聚胺 基甲酸酯預聚物(平均官能性約4)之在2升四頸燒瓶 中的最初進料與450克的Polyether LB 25聚醚摻合。然後 在90-100°C下將混合物攪拌4小時直到以IR光譜分析不 再可檢測出NC◦基團。界面活性劑為具有約η 〇〇〇 mPas (23°C)之黏度的液體。 實例18 (比較): 使用如實例12中之相同原料製備界面活性劑,除省從 一異氣酸醋與k丙一醇聚趟前製備略預聚物及界面活性劑 合成只以一個反應步驟進行以外。 於80°C下最初將4升四頸燒瓶進料201.60克之具有 2〇〇克/莫耳的數量平均分子量之二官能聚丙二醇聚醚、 202.5克的Polyether LB 25聚鱗及90克之具有2000克/莫 耳的數量平均分子量之二官能聚乙二醇聚醚、〇〇4克的磷 酸二丁酯以及〇 28克的Ronotec 201(生育酚)並攪拌。加入 30.24克的HDI且於8(TC下繼續攪拌直到以IR光譜分析 不再可檢測出異氰酸酯基團。所得界面活性劑為固體。 實例S1-S5 (本發明) 如表1中指示,對於各實例,120克的根據實例1製備 之聚胺基曱酸酯分散液1與各種(發泡體)添加劑混合及以 29 201041925 商業上可得的手攪拌器(用彎曲鐵線製造之攪拌器)起泡至 0.5升發泡體體積。其後,在6毫米之間隙高度以刮刀塗佈 機將發泡體向下引至不粘紙上及在120°C下乾燥20分鐘。 沒有例外地獲得具有好機械性的新鮮白色發泡體。從 表1可看出,使用特定(發泡體)添加劑2、5、6、10及12, 導致獲得組合有關生理食鹽水的高浸吸率及自由膨脹吸收 能力與細均勻孔結構結構之發泡體。 係根據ISO 10993.5試驗且發現 藉由實例,發泡體S5 為非細胞毒性。
表1 發 量[克] 浸吸率 泡 實例#(含量 [s] 體 [%]) 25.3 S1 2 (15) 12.6 48 S2 5 (30) 12.4 4 S3 6 (30) 13.2 15 S4 10 (28) 11.8 28 S5 12 44 (25) υ —毫升之按照DIN EN 自由膨脹2) [g/100cm2] 孔隙率/發 泡體結構 不測定 非常細 30 非常細 56 中等 46 細 47 非常細 第3.2部份製備的試驗溶 30 201041925 液A之完全滲透時間;在面向紙之側試驗;2)自由膨服吸 收能力係按照DIN EN 13726-1第3.2部份測定。 比較例V1-V4 : 從聚胺基曱酸醋分散液i及界面活性劑製備發泡體 對於各貫例,120克的聚胺基甲酸酯分散液1與不是根 據本發明之各種添加劑(表2)混合及以商業上可得的手攪拌 器(用%曲鐵線製造之攪拌器)起泡至〇 5升發泡體體積。其 〇 後,在6毫米之間隙高度以刮刀塗佈機將發泡體向下引至 不枯紙上及在120。(:下乾燥20分鐘。 所得發泡體具有特別不利的性質諸如發泡體結構不均 勻性、表面缺點(龜裂)或者氣穴(p〇cketjng)(二層發泡體之形 成,其彼此幾乎不黏著,如果真有的話··該結果為口袋形 式的孔隙空間)。 、夕 表2 發泡體 實例# 量[克] (含量[%]) 孔隙率/發泡體結構 VI 15 12.5 (30) 氣穴,發泡體結構不均勻性 V2 16 12.6 (30) 氣穴,顯著生膜,發泡體結 構不均勻性 V3 17 12.4 (30) 發泡體結構不均勻性,表面 龜裂 V4 18 9.8 (30) 氣穴,發泡體結構不均勻性 表2 中之比較例顯示使用高官能性聚異氛酿 、 ----《-κι曰战分 為原料(VI及V2)或直接使用低分子量二異氰酸龜代替 〇 31 201041925 異氰酸酯預聚物(V3及V4)不產生適當產物。 比較例V5-V6 : 從聚胺基曱酸酯分散液1及界面活性劑製備發泡體 如表3中所指示。對於各實例,120克的根據實例1 製備之聚胺基曱酸酯分散液1與各種(發泡體)添加劑混合 及以商業上可得的手攪拌器(用彎曲鐵線製造之攪拌器)起 泡至0.5升發泡體體積。其後,在6毫米之間隙高度以刮 刀塗佈機將發泡體向下引至不粘紙上及在120°C下乾燥2〇 分鐘。 從表3可看出,當測試ISO 10993.5時,發泡體V5及 V6具有添加劑引起之強細胞毒性作用:使用這些發泡體細 胞活性低於3%。 表3 發泡 體 (發泡 類型 i) 體)添力 量 [克] σ劑 類型 1) 量 [克] 孔隙率/發 泡體結構 細胞毒性2) V5 A 4.34 Β 5.76 非常好 強細胞毒 性 V6 A 0.24 C 1.47 很好,但搓 紋&體積 收縮 強細胞毒 性 υ A :硬脂酸銨(約 30%,Stokal® STA,Bozzetto GmbH, Krefeld,DE); B :磺酸基琥珀醯胺酸(約 34%,Stokal® SR, Bozzetto GmbH , Krefeld , DE) ; 32 1200 201041925
Co. C : C12-C16 脂肪醇糖苷(約 51%,PlantaCare® UP,Cognis Deutschland GmbH & KG,Diisseldorf,DE) ; 2)根據 ISO 10993.5 試驗 【圖式簡單說明】 無 【主要元件符號說明】 無
33
Claims (1)
- 201041925 七 申請專利範圍: 1. 一種具有不大於1.0重量%之游離異氰酸酯基含量 及10重量%至95重量❶/。含量之經由單官能醇B)併入且排 列在聚醚鏈内之環氧乙烷單元(分子量=44克/莫 胺基甲酸_,其係藉由下列之反應製備 、)的t A) 具有在從1·7至2.5之範圍(較佳在從18至22之矿 圍;更佳2)之(平均)NC0官能性的聚異氛酸醋預聚物盘& B) 10至100當量%(以A)之異氰酸醋基團為基心的二 包含至少-種具有範圍在從15〇至5〇 =平均分子量及3〇至⑽重量%的氧伸乙基單元t 4_,叫雜財的氧伸絲單元 C) 0至2G當4%(以A)之異_ =基準, 成分,其包含具有範圍在從32至测為土丰)的一兀酵 =量的除了成分B)的化合物之外的一元醇之數量平均 )〇至80當量%(以A)之異氰 圍在從32至10_克/莫耳之為基準)的具有範 分’為了腳加成反應克子量的結構成 /胺曱酸㈣成及有或沒有尿 Q ,圏已藉由同時或接著二級成=過量 直〇/。之殘餘含量。 心降至不大於1.0重 2.根據申請專利範圍第i項 徵在於環氧乙燒單元(分子4 H甲Μ類,其特 45至55重量%之範圍。 克/4耳)之含量係在從 3'根射請專利範圍第1心項之聚胺基甲竣醋類, 34 201041925 其特徵在於該聚異氰酸酯預聚物單獨地具有脂族或環脂族 連接之異氰酸酯基團或其混合物及對於混合物,範圍在從 1.8至2·2之平均NCO官能性。 4.根據申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之聚胺基曱 酸酯類,其特徵在於用以構成成分Α)之化合物的多元醇類 為具有範圍在從300至8000克/莫耳之數量平均分子量Μη 的聚驗多元醇類。5.根據申請專利範圍第4項之聚胺基曱酸酯類,其特 徵在於該聚醚多元醇類具有範圍在從1.0至1.5之多分散性 (PD = Mw/Mn)及大於丨.9之〇Η官能性以及每克多元醇不大 於〇·02亳當量之不飽和端基含量(毫當量/克)(測定方法· ASTM D2849-69)。 · 6·根據申請專利範圍第!至5項中任一項之聚胺基甲 酸酯類,其特徵在於平均包括每分子5至70個環氧乙烷單 兀及30~至1〇〇莫耳%的環氧乙烧單元及〇至7〇莫耳%的環 單元(以氧伸烧基單元的總量為基準)之單經基-官食^ 聚環氧烧聚醇類係使用於成分B)中。 * 7.根據中請專利範圍第1至6項中任1之聚胺基曱 ㈣類’其特徵在於在A)與B)及視需要選用之c)及/或 的反應中異氰酸g旨基團及異氰酸g旨·反應性基團之間的莫 耳比係在從0.5 : 1至2 : 1之範圍。 、 8. 一種根據申請專利範圍第i至7項中任— 基甲酸酯類作為添加劑、助劑、補充物質、乳化劑、; 劑、濕潤劑、分散劑、狀劑、改良劑、脫膜劑、増^ 35 201041925 及/或助黏劑之用途。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之用途,其特徵在於該聚 胺基甲酸酯類係用作發泡體結構之穩定劑。 10. —種使用根據申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之 聚胺基甲酸酯類製備、添加、增強、處理之物件。 36 201041925 四、指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(無)圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 無 五、本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式:
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