201033796 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種電源轉換裝置與方法，特別是一種節能與提高電源 效率的電源轉換裝置與方法。 【先前技術】 . 科技日益進步，電子產品不斷的推陳出新為人類帶來更加便利的生 . 活，其中配合現代人的使用習慣，可攜式電子產品日益受到重視。由於可 ❹攜式電子產品具有便攜性(Posable)、移動性(m〇bile)等特點，因此可滿足使 用者的需求。也就疋说，可攜式電子產品不受地點的限制，可讓使用者隨 時隨地使用。因此，可攜式電子產品大多以電池提供電力來源，此外藉由 電源適配器(adaptor)或電源充電器(charger)也可轉換電源插座而提供電子產 品所需之電源，並可對電池進行充電》 故在可攜式電子產品的廣泛應用下’電源舰器或電源充電器的使用 也曰趨廣泛。·’電源適S&S或電源充電糾輸出鱗與空請消耗的 ^ 功率也日益受到重視。特別是空載所消耗的功率，由於完全無法被利用， 因此造成了能源的浪費。 然而’傳統上的電源適配器或電源充電器’不論輸出端有無負载與之 連接，其輸ίϋ電壓皆Μ定值。也就是說，當魏適㈣或電源充電器與 電源插座相連後，即使電源輸出接頭並未插入可攜式電子產品，例如·手 機、個人數位助理(PDA)或筆記型電腦時，電源適配器或電源充電器的輸出 電源仍為額定的輸出值。如此，將使得電源適配器或電源充電器的内部產 201033796 生功率消耗，因而增加空載時所消耗的功率。 【發明内容】 本發明提出—種電源轉換裝置，用以提供輸出電壓至負載，該電源轉 換裝置包含：偵測模組及控制模組。備測模組偵測電源轉換裝置與負載之 連接狀態，錢連雛侧峨。祕賴聰組並接收 * 侧減’ #細喊對狀雜祕紅連接時，壓至額定 •電壓值，當偵測訊號對應之連接狀態為未連接時，降低輸出電壓至基礎電 壓值。 本發明亦辦-種電_換方法，由·裝置提供輸出電壓至負 載，包含下列步驟··偵測電源轉換裝置與負載之連接狀態，並依據連接狀 態產生侧tfl號；接收伯測訊號；當侧訊號對應之連接狀態為已連接時， 提升輸出電壓至額定電壓值；當偵測訊號對應之連接狀態為未連接時，降 低輸出電壓至基礎電壓值。 本發明亦提出-種電源轉換裝置，用以提供輸出電壓至負載，該電源 粵轉換裝置包含：開關、阻抗、分壓電路、訊號產生電路及控制電路。開關 •個電源轉換裝置與負載之連接狀態。阻抗触於開關，依據連接狀態產 生偵測訊號。分壓電路耦接於阻抗，依據輸出電壓與細訊號產生分M。 訊號產生電軸接於分壓電路，依據分塵產生控制訊號。控制電路接收並 依據控制訊號調整輸出電壓之電齡，當連接狀㈣連接時，調整輸出電 壓為額定憨壓值，當連接狀態為未連接時，調整輸出電麼為低於額定電壓 之基礎電壓值。 藉由本發明所提出之電源轉換裝置或轉換方法，透過偵測電源轉換裝 201033796 置與負載的連接狀態，再依據連接狀態而改變電源轉換裝置的輸出電M， 如此即可達到節能與提高電源效率的目的。 有關本發明的較佳實施例及其功效，茲配合圖式說明如后。 【實施方式】 請參照「第1圖」，該圖所示本實施例中電源轉換裝置一實施例之方塊 圖。電源轉換裝置1用以提供輸出電壓至負載2，且本發明所提出的電源轉 換裝置1之特點在於其中偵測模組1〇及控制模組20兩個元件。再者，本 φ 發明所稱之電源轉換裝置1可為電源適配器(adaptor)或電源充電器 (charger)。 於此’先說明一般電源轉換裝置1具有之元件，首先電源轉換裝置1 接收輸入電壓，於此輸入電壓可為交流電’先經過電磁干擾濾波電路A1用 以渡除電磁干擾(electromagnetic interference，EMI)。之後將屬於交流電的 輸入電壓通過整流電路A2，以進行整流的動作，而整流電路μ可為全波 整流器。接著’透過功率因素修正電路A3而修正電源的功率因素⑦〇wer ❸faetoi·)，且通常在電源轉換裝置i的功率為75瓦特以上時才需進行功率 因素的修正。藉由開關晶體八4控制傳送至變壓器A5的電壓值，再透過變 壓器A5將輸入的電麼值轉換為後端負載2所需的電壓值。變壓器A5轉換 後的電壓先經過整流渡波電路入6，將整流後的電壓進械波動作，最後再 經由電壓調整電路A7以輸出穩定的輸出電壓給負載2。 i衫增加細模組1G，絲倾電源轉 換裝置1與負載2的連接狀態，並依據連接狀態而產生偵測訊號。 料!模組20 _接於谓測模組1〇，並接收价測模組所產生的债測訊 201033796 號。當積測訊號所對應的連接狀態為已連接時，控制模組2〇將提升輸出電 壓至額定電壓值。相對的’當偵測訊號所對應的連接狀態為未連接時，控 制模組20將降低輸出電壓至基礎電歷值。 舉例說明’假設電源轉換裝置i為一般筆記型電腦所用的電源適配器， 其規格大都為將110伏特的交流電(電源插座)轉換為19伏特的直流電以 提供予筆記型賴。鱗，當電雜換裝置1已與電源插錢接後，細 模組10便會偵測電源轉換裝置1的電源輸出接頭是否已與負載2(亦即為筆 • 記型電腦)互相連接。於此，連接狀態可分為兩種情形，第-種情形為電源 轉換裝置1已與負載2連接，表示負載2需使用電源轉換裝置J傳遞電源， 以提供負載2工作或是充電之用，此時控制模組2〇便會提高輸出電壓到一 正常的額定電麼值(於此實施例為19伏特)，以供負載2工作所需的電壓值。 第二種情形為電源轉換裝置！並沒有與負載2連接，表示負載2還不 需電源轉換裝置1傳遞電源’以提供負載2工作或充電之用。此時控制模 組20便會降低輸出電至一基礎電壓值，如此即可達到空載時減少功率消耗 φ 的目的。 • —般電源轉換裝置1皆具有指示燈，例如：筆記型電顧之電源 • 適配器具有一 LED，當電源適配器與電源插座相連時，LED便會亮起，用 以指示已接受輸入電源，而上述之基礎電壓值可為提供電源轉換裝置J的 電源指示燈可正常運作的電壓值。也就是說，當偵測模組10偵測到電源轉 換裝置未連接貞載2 ’ _模組2〇為了齡辨雜㈣錄丨電廢，本 發明提供一實施例，可將輸出電壓降低至電源轉換裝置i的電源指示燈仍 可正常運作的電壓值。 6 201033796 請參照「第2圖」為電源轉換裝置一實施例之電路示意圖。控制模組 20包含：分壓電路22、訊號產生電路24及控制電路26。由「第2圖」所 示可知，分壓電路22設置於變壓器μ的輸出電壓端，於此稱為變壓器A5 的二次測’並依據輪出電壓而由分壓電路22中所包含的兩個電阻R1、幻 來產生分壓。 . 訊號產生電路24耦接於分壓電路22,依據分壓來產生控制訊號。其中， 訊號產生電路24包含光耦合器241、242。光耦合器241位於變壓器A5的 ❹ 二次測，屬於發送訊號用之光耦合器。另一個光耦合器242位於變壓器A5 的輸入電廢端’於此稱為變麼器A5的一次測’用以接收光稱合器241所傳 送的訊號，屬於接收訊號用之光耦合器。 控制電路26設置於變壓器A5的二次測，耦接於光輕合器242而接收 控制訊號，並依據控制訊號調整輸出電壓之電壓值。 請續參照「第2圖」’偵測模組1〇包含：阻抗12及開關14。如圖所示， 開關14之一實施例為PMOS電晶體開關，但不以此為限。開關14耗接於 ❿ 阻抗12，並由連接狀態來控制開關14的導通或斷路。其中，開關14的導 ‘ 通或斷路’將使阻抗12與分壓電路22之間為導通或斷路，進而可調整分 ' 壓電路22之分壓。 舉例說明，假設電源轉換裝置1為一般筆記型電腦所用的電源適配器， 電源適配器除了具有與電源插座連接用的插頭外，還具有電源輸出接頭用 以與筆記型電腦(亦即負載2)連接，而提供轉換後的電源予筆記型電腦。其 中，一般的電源輸出接頭具有一控制接腳，當電源輸出接頭與筆記型電腦 相連時，該控制接腳呈現接地狀態’本發明利用此特點進行後讀輸出電廢 7 201033796 之控制。 由「第2囷」所示可知，開關14的閘極由連接狀態所控制，於此可將 開關14的閘極連接至上述的控制接腳。因此，當電源轉換裝置1與負載2 連接時，造成該控制接腳為接地狀態，使開關14的閘極跟隨接地，因而讓 開關14導通》當開關14導通時，將使阻抗12與分壓電路22中的電阻汜 互相並聯(兩者並聯電阻值變小)，因而造成分壓電路22中電阻R2的分壓變 小。此時，訊號產生電路24中光耦合器241的能量會因分壓降低而變小， ❹ 因此將使得光耦合器242所接收到的能量也變小，也就是說，訊號產生電 路24此時所產生的控制訊號，代表著依據輸出電壓而得到的分壓為變小的 情況。當控制電路26接收到表示分壓變小的控制訊號後，為了維持輸出電 壓的穩定，因此便會將輸出電壓調高。於此，可事先設定電阻R1、電阻们 與阻抗12的電阻值，而使得控制電路26將輸出電壓提升為額定電壓值。 另一種情況，當電源轉換裝置1與負載2尚未連接時，將使開關14的 閘極不接地’因而讓開關14呈現斷路》當開關14斷路時，將使得阻抗 參 與分壓電路22中的電阻R2也呈現斷路，因而造成分壓電路22中電阻似 的分壓相對變大。此時，訊號產生電路24中光耦合器241的能量會因分壓 . 升高而變大，因此將使得光輕合器242所接收到的能量也變大，也就是說， 訊號產生電路24此時所產生的控制訊號，代表著依據輸出電壓而得到的分 壓為變大的情況。當控制電路26接收到表示分壓變大的控制訊號後，為了 維持輸出電壓的穩定，因此便會將輸出電壓降低。於此，同樣可透過事先 設定電阻R1、電阻R2與阻抗12的電阻值，而使得控制電路26將輸出電 壓降低為基礎電壓值。 201033796 請參照「第3圖」，該圖所示為電源轉換方法之流程圖，由電源轉換裝 置提供輸出電壓至負載，包含下列步驟。 步驟SH):偵測電源轉換裝置與負載之連接狀態，並依據連接狀態產生 偵測訊號。 步驟S20 :接收偵測訊號。 . 步驟S3G:當偵測訊號對應之連接狀態為已連接時，提升輸出電麽至額 定電壓值。 ❿ 步驟S40 :當镇測訊號對應之連接狀態為未連接時，降低輸出電壓至基 .礎電壓值。 上述步驟S30與步驟S40為控制輸出電壓的相關步驟，於此可包含下 列步驟：依據輸出電壓，產生分壓；依據分麼，產生控制訊號；依據控制 訊號，調整輸出電壓之電壓值。 此外，可依據步驟S10所偵測到的連接狀態，來控制開關，並依據開 關的導通或斷路’進而調整上述之分壓。 # 雖然本發明的技術内容已經以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限 定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神所作些許之更動與 调飾’皆應涵蓋於本發明的範疇内，因此本發明之保護範圍當視後附之申 請專利範圍所界定者為準》 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：電源轉換裝置一實施例之方塊圖 第2圖：電源轉換裝置一實施例之電路示意圖 第3囷：電源轉換方法之流程圈 201033796 【主要元件符號說明】 A1 ··電磁干擾濾波電路 A2 :整流電路 A3 :功率因素修正電路 A4 :開關晶體 A5 :變壓器 A6 :整流濾波電路 • A7 :電壓調整電路 1:電源轉換裝置 2 :負載 10 :偵測模組 12 :阻抗 14 :開關 20 :控制模組 φ 22 :分壓電路 * 24 :訊號產生電路 … 241、242 :光耦合器 26 :控制電路201033796 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a power conversion apparatus and method, and more particularly to a power conversion apparatus and method for energy saving and improvement of power efficiency. [Previous technology] The technology is advancing, and the continuous innovation of electronic products has brought more convenient life to human beings. Among them, in line with the habits of modern people, portable electronic products have received increasing attention. Because portable electronic products are characterized by portability (posable) and mobility (m〇bile), they can meet the needs of users. In other words, portable electronic products are not limited by location and can be used by users anywhere, anytime. Therefore, most portable electronic products provide a power source for batteries. In addition, a power adapter (adaptor) or a power charger can also be used to convert power outlets to provide power for electronic products and to charge batteries. Therefore, the use of power supplies or power chargers has become more widespread in the widespread use of portable electronic products. · 'Power supply S & S or power supply charging correction output scale and empty please consume ^ power is also receiving more and more attention. In particular, the power consumed by the no-load is completely unusable, resulting in waste of energy. However, the traditional power adapter or power charger has a fixed value regardless of whether the output is connected to the load or not. That is to say, when Wei Shi (4) or the power charger is connected to the power outlet, even if the power output connector is not plugged into a portable electronic product, such as a mobile phone, a personal digital assistant (PDA) or a notebook computer, the power adapter or The output power of the power charger is still the rated output value. In this way, the internal power supply of the power adapter or the power charger will consume 201033796, thus increasing the power consumed at no load. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a power conversion device for providing an output voltage to a load. The power conversion device includes: a detection module and a control module. The test module detects the connection state of the power conversion device and the load, and the money is connected to the side. The secret Lai Cong group receives and receives the * side reduction ' # 喊 对 对 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂 杂The invention also provides an electric_changing method for providing an output voltage to the load by the device, comprising the following steps: detecting the connection state of the power conversion device and the load, and generating a side tfl number according to the connection state; receiving the primary test signal; When the connection state corresponding to the side signal is connected, the output voltage is raised to the rated voltage value; when the connection state corresponding to the detection signal is not connected, the output voltage is lowered to the base voltage value. The invention also provides a power conversion device for providing an output voltage to a load, the power conversion device comprising: a switch, an impedance, a voltage dividing circuit, a signal generating circuit and a control circuit. Switch • The connection status of the power conversion unit to the load. The impedance touches the switch and generates a detection signal depending on the connection state. The voltage dividing circuit is coupled to the impedance, and generates a minute M according to the output voltage and the fine signal. The signal generating electric shaft is connected to the voltage dividing circuit, and the control signal is generated according to the dust separation. The control circuit receives and adjusts the age of the output voltage according to the control signal. When the connection (4) is connected, the output voltage is adjusted to the rated voltage. When the connection state is not connected, the output voltage is adjusted to be lower than the rated voltage. value. According to the power conversion device or the conversion method proposed by the present invention, the connection state of the power conversion device 201033796 is set to be connected to the load, and the output power M of the power conversion device is changed according to the connection state, thereby achieving energy saving and improving power supply efficiency. the goal of. Preferred embodiments of the present invention and their effects are described below in conjunction with the drawings. [Embodiment] Please refer to Fig. 1, which is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a power conversion device in the present embodiment. The power conversion device 1 is configured to provide an output voltage to the load 2, and the power conversion device 1 of the present invention is characterized in that the detection module 1 and the control module 20 are two components. Furthermore, the power conversion device 1 referred to in the present invention may be a power adapter or a power charger. Here, the components of the general power conversion device 1 will be described first. First, the power conversion device 1 receives an input voltage, and the input voltage can be an alternating current. First, the electromagnetic interference filter circuit A1 is used to remove electromagnetic interference (EMI). . Thereafter, the input voltage belonging to the alternating current is passed through the rectifier circuit A2 to perform the rectification operation, and the rectifier circuit μ can be the full-wave rectifier. Then, the power factor of the power source is corrected by the power factor correction circuit A3, and the power factor correction is usually required when the power of the power conversion device i is 75 watts or more. The voltage value transmitted to the transformer A5 is controlled by the switching transistor VIII, and the input power value is converted to the voltage value required for the back end load 2 through the transformer A5. The converted voltage of the transformer A5 is first passed through the rectification wave circuit into 6, the rectified voltage is actuated by the mechanical wave, and finally the voltage output circuit A7 is outputted to the load 2 via the voltage adjusting circuit A7. The i-shirt adds a fine module 1G, the connection state of the wire tilt power conversion device 1 and the load 2, and generates a detection signal according to the connection state. The module 20 _ is connected to the pre-test module 1〇 and receives the debt test 201033796 generated by the price measurement module. When the connection status corresponding to the integrated test signal is connected, the control module 2〇 boosts the output voltage to the rated voltage value. When the connection state corresponding to the detection signal is unconnected, the control module 20 will lower the output voltage to the basic electrical history value. For example, it is assumed that the power conversion device i is a power adapter for a general notebook computer, and its specifications are mostly to convert a 110 volt alternating current (power outlet) into a 19 volt direct current to provide a notebook. The scale module 10 detects when the power supply connector of the power conversion device 1 has been connected to the load 2 (that is, the pen type computer). Herein, the connection state can be divided into two situations. In the first case, the power conversion device 1 is connected to the load 2, indicating that the load 2 needs to use the power conversion device J to transmit power to provide load 2 operation or charging. At this point, the control module 2 will increase the output voltage to a normal rated power value (19 volts in this embodiment) for the voltage value required for the load 2 to operate. The second case is the power conversion device! It is not connected to the load 2, indicating that the load 2 does not require the power conversion device 1 to deliver power to provide load 2 operation or charging. At this time, the control module 20 reduces the output voltage to a base voltage value, so that the power consumption φ can be reduced at no load. • General power conversion unit 1 has indicators, such as: notebook power supply • The adapter has an LED, when the power adapter is connected to the power socket, the LED will light to indicate that the input power has been accepted, and The above basic voltage value may be a voltage value for providing a power indicator of the power conversion device J to operate normally. That is, when the detection module 10 detects that the power conversion device is not connected to the load 2'_module 2, for the age of the fourth (four) to record the electrical waste, the present invention provides an embodiment that can reduce the output voltage to The voltage value at which the power indicator of the power conversion device i can still operate normally. 6 201033796 Please refer to "Figure 2" for a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a power conversion device. The control module 20 includes a voltage dividing circuit 22, a signal generating circuit 24, and a control circuit 26. As shown in the "Fig. 2", the voltage dividing circuit 22 is provided at the output voltage terminal of the transformer μ, which is referred to herein as the secondary measurement of the transformer A5 and is included in the voltage dividing circuit 22 in accordance with the wheeling voltage. The two resistors R1, phantom to generate a partial pressure. The signal generating circuit 24 is coupled to the voltage dividing circuit 22 to generate a control signal according to the voltage division. The signal generating circuit 24 includes optical couplers 241 and 242. The photocoupler 241 is located in the 二次 secondary measurement of the transformer A5 and belongs to the optical coupler for transmitting signals. The other optical coupler 242 is located at the input electrical waste terminal of the transformer A5, which is referred to as a single measurement of the transformer A5, for receiving the signal transmitted by the optical coupler 241, and belongs to the optical coupler for receiving the signal. The control circuit 26 is disposed in the secondary measurement of the transformer A5, coupled to the optical combiner 242 to receive the control signal, and adjusts the voltage value of the output voltage according to the control signal. Please continue to refer to "Figure 2". The detection module 1 includes: impedance 12 and switch 14. As shown, one embodiment of the switch 14 is a PMOS transistor switch, but is not limited thereto. The switch 14 is consuming the 阻抗 impedance 12 and controls the conduction or disconnection of the switch 14 by the connected state. The conduction or disconnection of the switch 14 causes the impedance 12 and the voltage dividing circuit 22 to be turned on or off, thereby adjusting the voltage division of the voltage dividing circuit 22. For example, it is assumed that the power conversion device 1 is a power adapter used in a general notebook computer. The power adapter has a power output connector for connecting with a notebook computer (ie, a load 2) in addition to a plug for connecting to a power socket. The converted power is supplied to the notebook. The general power output connector has a control pin. When the power output connector is connected to the notebook computer, the control pin assumes a ground state. The present invention utilizes this feature to control the post-read output electrical waste 7 201033796. As can be seen from "2nd", the gate of the switch 14 is controlled by the connection state, and the gate of the switch 14 can be connected to the above-mentioned control pin. Therefore, when the power conversion device 1 is connected to the load 2, the control pin is grounded, so that the gate of the switch 14 follows the ground, thereby turning the switch 14 on. When the switch 14 is turned on, the impedance 12 and the voltage are divided. The resistors 中 in the circuit 22 are connected in parallel with each other (the resistance values of the two are reduced in parallel), thereby causing the partial pressure of the resistor R2 in the voltage dividing circuit 22 to become small. At this time, the energy of the photocoupler 241 in the signal generating circuit 24 becomes smaller due to the decrease in the partial pressure, so that the energy received by the photocoupler 242 is also reduced, that is, the signal generating circuit 24 is now The generated control signal represents a case where the divided voltage obtained according to the output voltage becomes small. When the control circuit 26 receives the control signal indicating that the divided voltage is small, the output voltage is raised in order to maintain the stability of the output voltage. Here, the resistance values of the resistors R1 and the resistors and the impedance 12 can be set in advance, so that the control circuit 26 boosts the output voltage to the rated voltage value. In the other case, when the power conversion device 1 is not connected to the load 2, the gate of the switch 14 will be ungrounded - thus causing the switch 14 to open. When the switch 14 is open, the impedance will be allowed to participate in the voltage divider circuit 22. The resistor R2 also exhibits an open circuit, thereby causing a relatively large voltage-dependent partial pressure in the voltage dividing circuit 22. At this time, the energy of the photocoupler 241 in the signal generating circuit 24 becomes larger due to the increase in the partial pressure, so that the energy received by the optical coupler 242 is also increased, that is, the signal generating circuit 24 The control signal generated at this time represents a case where the divided voltage obtained according to the output voltage becomes large. When the control circuit 26 receives the control signal indicating that the divided voltage is large, the output voltage is lowered in order to maintain the stability of the output voltage. Here, the control circuit 26 reduces the output voltage to the base voltage value by setting the resistance values of the resistor R1, the resistor R2 and the impedance 12 in advance. 201033796 Please refer to "Figure 3", which shows a flow chart of the power conversion method. The power conversion device provides the output voltage to the load, including the following steps. Step SH): detecting the connection state of the power conversion device and the load, and generating a detection signal according to the connection state. Step S20: receiving a detection signal. Step S3G: When the connection state corresponding to the detection signal is connected, the output voltage is increased to the rated voltage value. ❿ Step S40: When the connection state corresponding to the town measurement signal is not connected, the output voltage is lowered to the base voltage value. The above steps S30 and S40 are steps for controlling the output voltage, and may include the following steps: generating a voltage division according to the output voltage; generating a control signal according to the division; and adjusting the voltage value of the output voltage according to the control signal. In addition, the switch can be controlled according to the connection state detected in step S10, and the above-mentioned partial pressure can be adjusted according to the conduction or disconnection of the switch. Although the technical content of the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications and modifications made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be covered. Within the scope of the present invention, the scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims. [FIG. 1] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a power conversion device. FIG. Circuit diagram of an embodiment of the conversion device No. 3: Flow path of the power conversion method 201033796 [Description of main component symbols] A1 · Electromagnetic interference filter circuit A2: Rectifier circuit A3: Power factor correction circuit A4: Switching crystal A5: Transformer A6 : Rectifier filter circuit • A7 : Voltage adjustment circuit 1: Power conversion device 2 : Load 10 : Detection module 12 : Impedance 14 : Switch 20 : Control module φ 22 : Voltage divider circuit * 24 : Signal generation circuit ... 241 , 242: optical coupler 26: control circuit