201022550 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係一種煞車來令片背板，尤其是關於—種複合 材料之煞車來令片背板及其應用。 口 【先前技術】 來令片的市場非常的龐大，在任何一種旦 试1』裡具有輪胎的交 通工具均必須採用複數個個數不等的來令片，諸如自行車、 汽機車、產業機器、飛機、輪船等民生與國防用途：不可 或缺。 煞車制動為一種能量轉換，除了必須達到煞車的目的 之外，仍須確保安全與舒適。煞車制動過程其實即是一個 能量換的過程，過程中透過來令月之摩擦，將轉動能轉化 為熱能而減緩轉動速度，在摩擦的過程仍可 *過.的振動，將造成其他不好的感受，例如嗓產音生振:車 過程產生的振動（Vibration)及噪音（N。㈣分^頻率的函 〇數’如第四圖所示’其為煞車之振動與噪音產生的模型示 意圖。若在煞車系統介於不穩定的區間，則可能產生吟音， 較嚴重時’甚至可能產生令人非常不舒服的異音(sque; 理論上，煞車之振動與料之產生與自然共振頻率（Natura| Pequency)、模態（Mode Shape)及阻尼⑴⑽…叩）有關， 附件-則是以模擬軟體針對_煞車系統之模態設計及共振 產生形變的模擬結果，而這樣的形變即是產生前述的振動 及噪音或異音的原因之一。 為了避免煞車系統之振動及噪音的產生， 3 201022550 透過選擇好的摩擦材料、良好的系統模態設計以及精緻的 調整，然而，若可以得到性能良好的摩擦材料者，則可以 不必執行更進一步的設計與精緻的調整。因此，廠商 透過選擇來令片之材質常尋求良好的且穩定的煞車系二， 下表一為常見的來令片之基材及其添加物（潤滑劑、摩擦調 整劑）之列表，由該表即可粗略地瞭解，來令片之㈣咬 由:所需考量的因素很多’事實上是一件非常繁瑣複：的 义程。附件二疋-個來令片材質選用的設計模擬過 係利用模擬分析的方式’取得讓第四圖中的摩擦係數⑴及 彈性係數（k)設計成避開共振模態之穩定區内（如第四圖左上 圖）’避免如第四圖左下囷之負阻尼之狀態產生。201022550 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a brake backing plate, and in particular to a brake for a composite material and a use thereof. [Previous technology] The market for films is very large. In any type of vehicle with tires, it is necessary to use a plurality of vehicles, such as bicycles, steam locomotives, industrial machines, People's livelihood and national defense use such as airplanes and ships: indispensable. Brake brakes are an energy conversion that must be secured and comfortable in addition to the purpose of braking. Brake braking process is actually a process of energy exchange. In the process, the friction of the moon is transmitted, and the rotation energy is converted into heat energy to slow down the rotation speed. In the process of friction, the vibration can still be caused by other vibrations. Feelings, such as 嗓 嗓 生 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : If the brake system is in an unstable range, it may produce a squeak. In the case of seriousness, it may even produce a very uncomfortable abnormal sound (sque; in theory, the vibration of the brake and the generation of the material and the natural resonance frequency ( Natura| Pequency), Mode Shape and Damping (1)(10)...叩), the attachment is the simulation result of the simulation software for the modal design and resonance of the _ braking system, and the deformation is the result of the aforementioned One of the causes of vibration and noise or abnormal sound. In order to avoid the vibration and noise of the brake system, 3 201022550 through the selection of good friction materials, good system modal design And the fine adjustment, however, if you can get the friction material with good performance, you don't have to carry out further design and fine adjustment. Therefore, the manufacturer chooses to make the material of the film often seek a good and stable brake system. Table 1 below is a list of common substrates and their additives (lubricants, friction modifiers), which can be roughly understood by the table to make the (4) bite: the factors to be considered A lot of 'in fact is a very cumbersome complex: the righteous process. Annex II 个 - a design simulation used to select the material used in the simulation analysis method to obtain the friction coefficient (1) and elastic coefficient in the fourth figure ( k) Designed to avoid the resonance region of the resonance mode (as in the upper left diagram of the fourth figure) 'to avoid the state of negative damping as the lower left of the fourth figure.
結合作用 2 ·提供機械性質 潤滑剤 1. 降低溫度。 2. 降低磨耗率 選材種類Bonding 2 · Provide mechanical properties Lubrication 剤 1. Reduce the temperature. 2. Reduce the wear rate
❹ 摩擦調整劑 f ’包括三„，)三β或2竟， 等氮化欽、氮化“S錯? 1. 增加基材硬度 強度及摩擦係數 2. 改善耐磨耗性 3. 刮除轉化層。 然^如附件二之最終模擬結果^得到—個穩定區， —内選擇適#的材料讓來令片工作時之 共振型態於穩定區内，是一 疋件非常困難且經常面臨難以抉 评的狀態，因為經過研空胳-,Λ、| ^ , 研九顯不減少Si〇2、增加石墨或蛭石 可以減少異音的產生，而、土 4跋石 而k樣部將犧牲來令片之煞車效能， 4 201022550 因此，雖，然I令片之材質設計碎f可以達到減少振動與防 制°桑音之目的，但是在實際製作上實是困難重重。 .另一方面’為了避免來令片使用時落入不穩定狀態’ 因此遂有一些產品係藉由改變來令片之摩擦面之外型達 到破壞不穩定共振之產生的效果，如第五〜八圖所示，其 係為各種不同外型且結合於—背板（52、52A、52B、52C) 之來7片(51、53、54、55) ’其中’各來令片(51、53、54、 55)為了破壞前述的不穩定共振，遂於來令片（51、53、54、 © 55)之表面設有凹孔（511)、斜邊（532、541)或切槽（μ彳叫 或增加隔音片於背板（52、52A、52B、52C)與來令片（51、 53、54、55)等方式’改變共振模態，而達到降低共振及減 〆本a的目的。不幸地，這樣的設計方式卻會減少摩擦面 積而降低煞車之性能。 ’’、’丁、上所述，目前的煞車系統之改良，主要都是透過來 令片材料、結構的改變達到改變共振而減少振動及噪音問 題，然而，這些方式雖或多或少可以達到目的，但是二經 ©常因此喪失煞車系統的其他性能。 【發明内容】 為了解決目前習用技術為了抑制振動、噪音而僅對來 令片進行配方、外型調整改變’而必須損失其他煞車系統 的特性之技術問胃’本發明係、以複合㈣之背板取代傳統 的金屬背板，達到降低異音與振動之目的。 '‘’ 配合解決前述的技術問題及發明目的，本發明提供— 201022550 复°材料煞車來令片背板，其係用於結合來令片之片 乡、夺面固定結合設有一結合結構，其包含複數層碳纖 、.· 璃纖維或克維拉纖維並以環氧樹脂或酚樹脂固化成 形。 其中’該結合結構為設於兩側之凸片。 ί|ν -，該複合材料煞車來令片背板其以複數層纖維材 料配合環氧樹脂或紛樹脂以乾式、座式疊層或真空孰壓合 之方式製作。 ❹ ❹ 一本發明再提供一種具有複合材料背板之煞車片，直包 :-複：材料煞車來令片背板以及一來令片，該複合：料 ”’、^片者板之材質為複合材料，其外型與該來令片對 應，该來令片係膠合固定點貼於固化成形之該複合材料敏 車來令片背板。 ” 其中’該複合材料煞車來令片背板以複數層纖維材料 配。環氧樹脂或酚樹脂以乾式、座式墨 方式製作。 ，。之 其中 其中 藉此 開共振區 °亥纖維材料為碳纖維、玻璃纖維或克維拉纖維。 ，該纖維材料為纖維布或纖維束。 ’本發明以質量與材質改變煞車組共振模態，避 ’消拜煞車異音。而且，碳纖複材之熱傳統率⑼5 W/m )遠低於碳鋼等全属路 綱4金屬者板_/吶，故其具有阻埶效 果’可避免傳熱至卡鉗内之斂^ …、双 …、車液壓油後產生二次（氣）相 造成煞車失靈。複材因密声 何u在度低，質輕，符合輕 勢。因此，與本較佳管竑如〜， ρ月匕趙 之該複合材料煞車來令月昔 之該來令月不再需要進行外 形錐度化而使煞車摩擦面積減 6 201022550 少而犧牲煞車性能 【貫施方式】 請參考第—A、B圖，其為路 板之煞車片的立體圖， 务明之具有複合材料背 ⑽以及-來令片(2〇)，該複rji合材料煞車來令片背板 材質為複合材料，其外° ^煞車來令片背板（10)之 可與煞車夾置裝置結合的— ©定設於兩側的凸片或者::n’該結合結構可為固 複合材料煞車來令片背板二^一底部表面的夾置片。該 之碳镟堆㈣ M1〇)其可利用各種不同編織方式 广纖，准、破璃纖維或克維拉纖維等纖維材料(可為纖唯布 纖維束)與環氧樹脂或_以乾式、二方Π =也可採用碳纖維預浸布營層方式，並以真空加 壓、加熱製程進行一褶姑 製作後，再進行外行銳削加工。 心U複材平板 f該複合材料煞車來令片背板(1〇)完成後，則再與該 ¥來令片（20)進行膠合黏結。 相較於先前技術所採用的金屬背板（通常使用S25c中 反鋼）材負，本較佳實施例改以高阻尼材料（如碳纖或玻璃纖 維等複材）’以質量與材質改變煞車組共振模態，避開共振 區，消弭煞車異音。而且，碳纖複材之熱傳統率（〇 5 w/m2) 遠低於碳鋼等金屬背板（6〇w/m2)，故其具有阻熱效果，可 避免傳熱至卡鉗内之煞車液屢油後產生二次（氣）相而造成煞 車失靈。碳纖複材因密度低’質輕，符合輕量化節能趨勢。 因此’與本較佳實施例之該複合材料煞車來令片背板（彳〇) 7 201022550 之§亥來令片(20)不再常φ、包一 丹而要進仃外形錐度化而使煞 積減少而犧牲煞車性能。 早厚仏面 冑及第-日®為分別結合於該複合材料煞車來 d t &⑽及金屬背板之來令片（2。）的摩擦測試性能結果 圖’依據結果可以报明顯的得知，具有該複合材料煞；來 7片背板（1 0)之來令片於測試時，其摩擦係數穩定（圖中標 示C之量測結果），對磨時亦無異音，反之，對照之金屬背 板來令片具有異音且摩擦係數陡變不穩定，因此，本較佳 e實施例之模型以及阻尼試驗可如第三圖所示。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一 A、B圖為本發明較佳實施例之立體圖。 第二A、B圖為本發明較佳實施例之摩帛試驗結果圖。 第三圖為本發明較佳實施例之公式模型與阻尼狀態示 意圖。 φ 第四圖為習用之煞車片之公式模型與阻尼狀態示意 圖。 第五圖為習用之第一種煞車片立體圖。 第六圖為習用之第二種煞車片立體圖。 第七圖為習用之第三種煞車片立體圖。 第八圖為習用之第四種煞車片立體圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (1〇)複合材料煞車來令片背板 (20)來令片 8摩擦 Friction modifier f 'includes three „,) three β or 2, such as nitriding, nitriding “S wrong? 1. Increase the hardness and friction coefficient of the substrate 2. Improve wear resistance 3. Scraping transformation Floor. However, if the final simulation result of Annex 2 is obtained as a stable zone, the material of the internal selection is used to make the resonance pattern of the film work in the stable zone, which is very difficult and often difficult to evaluate. The state, because after the study of the empty -, Λ, | ^, 研九显 does not reduce Si 〇 2, increase graphite or vermiculite can reduce the production of abnormal sound, and the soil 4 跋 stone and k-like will sacrifice to make tablets The performance of the car, 4 201022550 Therefore, although the material design of the I film can reduce the vibration and control the purpose of the Sanyin, but in actual production is really difficult. On the other hand, 'to avoid the use of the film when it falls into an unstable state', so there are some products that change the surface of the friction surface of the film to destroy the effect of unstable resonance, such as the fifth ~ As shown in the eighth figure, it is a variety of different shapes and is combined with the backplane (52, 52A, 52B, 52C) 7 pieces (51, 53, 54, 55) 'where' each of the pieces (51, 53, 54, 55) In order to destroy the aforementioned unstable resonance, the surface of the sheet (51, 53, 54, and 55) is provided with a concave hole (511), a bevel (532, 541), or a slit ( μ 彳 或 or increase the soundproof sheet on the back plate (52, 52A, 52B, 52C) and the order piece (51, 53, 54, 55), etc. 'change the resonant mode, and achieve the reduction of resonance and reduce Purpose. Unfortunately, this design method will reduce the friction area and reduce the performance of the brakes. '', 'Ding, above, the improvement of the current brake system is mainly through the change of the material and structure of the sheet. Change the resonance to reduce the vibration and noise problems, however, these methods can achieve the purpose more or less, but two常 常 常 常 常 常 常 常 常 常 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 【 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 'The invention replaces the traditional metal back plate with the back plate of the composite (4) to reduce the abnormal sound and vibration. ''' In combination with solving the above technical problems and the object of the invention, the present invention provides - 201022550 The back sheet of the sheet is used for combining the sheets of the sheet, and the surface of the sheet is fixedly combined with a combined structure comprising a plurality of layers of carbon fiber, glass fiber or Kewei fiber and cured with epoxy resin or phenol resin. Forming. The 'the combined structure is a tab provided on both sides. ί|ν -, the composite material is braked to make the back sheet of the sheet backed by a plurality of layers of fiber material with epoxy resin or resin to dry, seat-type lamination It can be made by vacuum pressing or squeezing. ❹ ❹ A further invention provides a brake sheet with a composite backing plate, a straight package: a complex: a material brake to make the back sheet and In the case of the film, the composite material of the material material is a composite material, and the outer shape corresponds to the material of the film, so that the film is glued and fixed to the composite material sensitive car. To make the back sheet. "Where the composite material is braked, the back sheet is made of a plurality of layers of fiber material. The epoxy resin or phenol resin is made by dry or seat ink. The fiber material is carbon fiber, glass fiber or Kevlar fiber. The fiber material is fiber cloth or fiber bundle. 'The invention changes the resonance mode of the vehicle group by mass and material, and avoids the noise of the vehicle. The traditional rate of carbon fiber composite material (9) 5 W/m is far lower than that of carbon steel and other all-metal slabs _/呐, so it has the effect of blocking the heat transfer to the caliper. ..., the secondary (gas) phase generated after the hydraulic oil of the car caused the brake failure. Due to the low frequency, the quality of the composite material is low, and the light weight is light. Therefore, with this preferred tube, such as ~, ρ月匕赵, the composite material brakes to make the moon and the past no longer need to be tapered in shape and reduce the friction area of the brakes by 6 201022550 and sacrifice the performance of the brakes. Throughout the method] Please refer to the figure -A, B, which is a three-dimensional view of the road piece of the road, with the composite back (10) and the - (3〇), the complex rji material to make the back of the piece The material of the board is composite material, and the outer part of the board is used to make the back sheet of the sheet (10) can be combined with the brake clamping device - © the tabs on both sides or::n' the combined structure can be a solid composite The material is braked to make the sheet on the bottom surface of the back sheet of the sheet. The carbon pile (4) M1〇) can be made of various kinds of different methods of weaving, fiber materials such as quasi-glass, fiberglass or Keweia fiber (which can be fiberglass bundles) and epoxy resin or dry type. Two-way Π = Carbon fiber pre-dip lining method can also be used, and a pleat is made by vacuum pressurization and heating process, and then an external sharpening process is performed. Heart U composite plate f After the composite material is braked to complete the back sheet (1〇), the sheet is then glued and bonded with the sheet (20). Compared with the metal back plate used in the prior art (usually using the reverse steel in S25c), the preferred embodiment is modified by a high damping material (such as carbon fiber or glass fiber composite material) to change the quality and material. The resonant mode avoids the resonance zone and eliminates the abnormal sound of the car. Moreover, the thermal tradition of carbon fiber composites (〇5 w/m2) is much lower than that of metal backing plates such as carbon steel (6〇w/m2), so it has a heat-blocking effect and can avoid heat transfer to the brake fluid in the caliper. After the oil has repeatedly produced a secondary (gas) phase and caused the brakes to fail. Carbon fiber composite materials are low in density and light in weight, which is in line with the trend of lightweight energy conservation. Therefore, the composite material of the preferred embodiment of the present invention is used to make the back sheet (20) of the film back sheet (彳〇) 7 201022550 no longer often φ, Bao Yi Dan and the shape is tapered. Hoarding is reduced and sacrificing braking performance. The results of the friction test performance of the film (2) are combined with the dt & (10) and the metal back plate respectively With the composite material 煞; 7 pieces of backing plate (10) to make the film in the test, the friction coefficient is stable (the measurement results marked C in the figure), there is no abnormal sound when grinding, otherwise, The metal back plate makes the sheet have an abnormal sound and the friction coefficient is abruptly unstable. Therefore, the model of the preferred e embodiment and the damping test can be as shown in the third figure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first A and B drawings are perspective views of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The second A and B drawings are diagrams showing the results of the rubbing test of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The third figure is a schematic representation of the formula and damping state of the preferred embodiment of the invention. φ The fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the formula and damping state of the conventional car. The fifth picture is a perspective view of the first type of brake car used in practice. The sixth picture is a perspective view of the second type of brake car used in the past. The seventh picture is a perspective view of the third type of brake car used in practice. The eighth picture is a perspective view of the fourth type of brake car used in practice. [Main component symbol description] (1〇) Composite material brakes to make the back sheet (20) to make the film 8