TW201015816A - DC power system - Google Patents

Abstract

A DC power system includes a solar cell module, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) unit, a DC/DC converter and a power factor corrector. Moreover, the solar cell module uses to output a first DC power. The maximum power point tracking unit uses to track down the maximum output power of the solar cell module and output a control signal. Furthermore, the DC/DC converter connects to the solar cell module, the maximum power point tracking unit and a DC load so as to convert the first DC power into an auxiliary DC power according to the control signal and transmit it to the DC load. The power factor corrector connects to a utility power and the DC load so as to correct the power factor of the utility power and convert the utility power into a main DC power and transmit it to the DC load.

Description

201015816 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] A type of DC power supply system, especially one or two mains power supplies and a solar power source with a DC power supply system. And catching the shell battle [previous technique]

Energy prices continue to rise and the greenhouse effect day g is valued and adopted by all walks of life. Therefore, how to make the Taiyue = ^ military take great effect, how to meet the system requirements to achieve energy-saving and 4 power, is the most important topic of energy technology. ^ To maximize the power generation efficiency of solar cells, 'jin process and raw material improvement solar cells (Solar's limit' f control technology should use maximum power tracking technology

TraCk-MPPT^^^, most of them are \yang current energy and electricity: =^^^ system, the countercurrent system is negative == This extra power can be used to feed the excess energy back to the mains t-reversible flow system at that time That is to do power control protection Y solution

Function, so that the solar output power is equal to or: the power required by the load to avoid system damage. The parallel system architecture of K solar cell and commercial power can be combined with the single-level mains parallel system and the single-level mains parallel system. The complex two-city parallel system can be divided into battery and un-depleted d-class 201015816 - show 'multi-level battery-powered parallel system 】Including the method of crying battery 10, a maximum power tracking converter I2, a battery 14 and an AC mains ac, which makes the maximum power; the conversion 012 is used to trace the power of the solar cell 1 ,, ί ί The DC power output from the solar cell 10 is adjusted to be delivered to the battery 14 and the inverter 13. The inverter 13 is connected to the AC load & mains and (4) to 15 for use. In this way, the multi-stage battery ❿ can still supply power to the AC negative ίί U pool 14 has the problem of life and cost, so there is another multi-stage benefit storage pool power supply parallel system r development, as shown in the second figure, reference The third picture, single-level mains and a solar battery 20, a conversion test? ? In the sixth month of the French Festival f, the first 2 L is included, the solar cell 2G directly converts the i-flow power to its load 25, and supplies power to the AC reference j to be connected to a father-hin single-stage parallel system 2 for replacement. In this way, the architecture is only - level, so single-level; "2 and magnetic 乂 市 市 Α. Parallel is higher than multi-stage battery parallel connection "丨, ^2 efficiency will boost (BUCK-BOOST) for production g ^通节疋 use buck - large pressure range, no need to output 遽 ^ sense ^ for input electricity Solar power generation and the city of mine ^ ^ used to provide AC power to the exchange of negative rhyme, Putian 'lian, 糸, should only provide DC power to the DC load, but rarely used, the main reason for the output power of solar cells is The change causes the output power, method, license or environmental conditions to meet the DC load and needs to reduce the power supply. [Invention content] 201015816 After AC mains supply and parallel: Load. Power factor corrector is used to correct the AC factor And provide stable DC power for the DC load. The vertical and horizontal system also uses the maximum power tracer to chase the t-level two standby t-DC power for the load, and then supplies the DC power to the negative parallel line for the negative (four) purpose. The DC power supply system includes a pool =, - maximum power tracker, straight, ί; force too? module root; pool module to track too = tracker, the too = The first DC power becomes a DC load of the auxiliary DC power. The power factor corrector is coupled to a crossover U DC load 'the power factor corrector corrects the AC ΐ = rate factor' and converts the exchange city The power is sent to the DC load. The main advantages of the present invention include the parallel connection of the power, thereby simplifying the complicated purpose of the AC parallel connection, and achieving maximum power output to achieve energy-saving applications. ^, to avoid the occurrence of the island effect. 4. Can be widely used and efficient? R load system. 5. Reduce the level of DC converter, can be the same / rate. 6. Use fewer components can effectively reduce costs. The general description and the following detailed description are exemplary 201015816. The following is a description of the scope of the patent application of the present invention. The illustrations of the present invention and its advantages and advantages will be described in the following description and the embodiments. At the month of the month, the fourth picture is the DC power supply for the present invention. The wire is as follows: As shown in the fourth figure, the flow current of the present invention and the single-stage direct-maximum function of the power supply and the solar battery are ;Have —The solar cell module 3〇, according to the 'solar battery module 3〇 root=output a first DC power, the first-DC output voltage vPV fish battery module 3〇, according to the suspension of the transmission module 30, Tracking and controlling the maximum power of the solar cell, and outputting a control signal SCI. The main function is to follow the picture: the air/DC converter 32 is connected to the most sV = the stream/DC converter 32 is controlled by the control d. AC city due to n device 33 consumption

S: used to correct the power of the AC mains AC: number: J mains AC becomes a main DC power DC3 “The fourth picture of the depreciation test, the solar cell module 30 is composed of many Aeneng batteries, the way of composing There is a string; i will be a small unit of solar cells in series with the same DC voltage 2 201015816 f. The parallel combination can improve the solar cell module output, DC current level. According to the system and the designer, the serial/parallel combination design is selected. The invention adopts the SP75 single crystal germanium solar cell manufactured by Siemens (^SIEMENS), and the tantalum is composed of twenty-six single crystal germanium solar cells. The energy battery module 30 is formed. The ideal electrical characteristics of the solar battery are as shown in the formula (〗), and the formula (1) indicates the 丨-v relationship of the solar battery.

(1) Among them, IPh indicates short-circuiting of solar cells under different sunlight. Is represents the equivalent saturation current of the equivalent diode. n indicates that the desired parameter value 'is generally between 1 and 2. The actual electrical characteristics of a solar cell are as shown in equation (2). (2) is used to describe the Ι-ν characteristic of a solar cell, and its reverse saturation, I s , is also a function of temperature, as in equation (3).

Exp 1 v nV τ ^ ι R p (2)

(3) where ' Rs is the effective resistance of the internal resistance and electrode resistance. Rp represents a parallel resistance in which the junction is not complete. : Reverse saturation current of the solar cell at temperature Tr. Tr ^ shows the solar cell reference temperature (°K). Eg represents the energy that is loved across the energy gap. q represents the amount of charge (丨.6 χ —19 c). When the illuminating is very high, the formula (2) can be reduced to the formula.-.(4) 201015816 (4): ~ i exp Y + IR nV τ ” ί4Γ η ^ ^ (w) μ of the solar λ battery , ίΐηΐί^ a: ^ ^ ^ ❿ ❹, and the change in I and the temperature and the intensity of the sunshine intensity /, the maximum power point in the middle of the Pmppe single b meteorite, t shell material learned that the invention uses SP75 Yang ^ Lei · lb f pool electrical characteristics, the greater the amount of solar radiation, the solar cell output power is inverse to the temperature: rise and too ginseng if four AC power ac power factor correction i Η X吏π ίΐ The output DC voltage is 200 volts to 400 volts map and the pressure level is used for the DC load 4. Referring to the sixth n-fashion f power factor corrector circuit diagram, the power factor corrector 33 used in the present invention is one. The main rate factor corrector '纟 includes a rectifying unit 33 repair factor correcting unit 332. The boosting type power factor* has easy control, (4) L can suppress I electric current at the input end, M. dog wave, input current continuously makes electromagnetic The invention has many advantages such as small interference (EMI) and suitable for high power use. Therefore, the present invention The UC3854 with Unitrode is the boosting power factor corrector for the control IC to achieve power factor correction. The inductor current 7 is selected for continuous operation (CCM) °. Refer to Figure 4 and Five figures, as can be seen from the fifth figure, the voltage and current of the 201015816 battery are not linear, and the characteristic curve is also relatively different due to the change of %^. Therefore, besides the lithium battery process, it must be able to play. The key to the most effective solar cell is the maximum power tracking technology. ^Reference to the fourth figure, the maximum power tracker of the present invention detects the first DC power by performing an incremental power directing algorithm.制The maximum power of the solar cell module is 3,, and the output voltage of the solar cell module is φ=, and the arsenic arsenic of the two-energy battery module 30 is used, and the maximum power is adjusted according to the solar energy. The control signal SCI controls the solar cell module 30 to operate at the highest rate point/supply auxiliary DC power DC2 to the DC load 4 increments ί JC f maximum power chase The schematic diagram of the coordinate waveform of the cold and different method is performed. The apricot two Ϊ two = two = plus; the falling on the left half of the = _, the algorithm = ': with the big and the power (9 rate) ❹ p = v ...(8) (9) If dp/dV in formula (9): (10): can be rewritten as public dl

dV ...do) Referring to the seventh figure, the value of the φ channel and t ^ f power output is up to J. At the most. 201015816 The left half of the power point Pmpp is dP/dV<0. Referring to the eighth figure, the incremental power m 'the right half is detected by the solar cell module 30. The thief 31 borrows Ip" and then cooperates with the incremental electric director to calculate the output of the battery module. Referring to the first person diagram, in the control flow of the incremental conductance method, first, '1 measure the output current of the solar cell module 3 电 current i (S1). Then the ancient + 笪 now you 曰,, /, and out again °The difference between the electric 1 of the output voltage ν measured by 1 and the output current I measured by the front and rear is 佶dl (S2). Then, judge whether or not dv;= Grab and judge whether or not ^...厶(S4 § (4) ,, the judgment result is loan two F (S4). After step 54, if it is 疋, then return to step S1, if not, then further determine whether the sound - r ς ρ -, v (S5). After S5, if the judgment result is 贞彳, ^^ Ψ SCI T ^ ^ dl will reduce the control letter.

No. SC1 working cycle MS6). If the U number SC1 has a duty cycle d (S7). d control # Then two ί 否 No second step = if yes. If the answer is YES, the process returns to step S8, and the knot dl > 〇 (S9) is judged. In step s = last name = then judge whether

The power tracker 31 sets fy p , , and Q to be the maximum (S(1). If it is not the operation of the two small control signals (10) MSi.).疋' increases the duty cycle of the control signal (10). D 11 201015816 The maximum power tracker 31 is used in conjunction with the DC/DC conversion. The buck converter, boost converter or buck-boost converter can be used. At tenth, the DC/DC converter 32 of the present invention is used in parallel with the power factor corrector 33, and the power factor repair voltage is higher than the forward/voltage voltage above the DC/DC converter 32. This is the DC/DC conversion of the present invention. The unit 32 is a class I/DC converter. Referring to the fourth figure, the following is a description of the data waveform analysis of the single-stage DC parallel power supply system of the whole person and the solar cell of the present invention. In the fourth figure, the DC load 4 is designed to have a certain resistance, and the solar cell module 3 is stable. ! = group 3 ° alone to supply the maximum load A to the DC load 4;

CB

R where D represents the duty cycle of the maximum power tracking II ^ sn. The heart represents the DC "1 voltage change. v" represents the end of the solar cell model 2. "Represents DC/DC conversion J to take 2 rate flow. - Represents (4) Energy _ group 3 = ^1::? = 12 201015816 Output current. rl represents constant resistance load. Factor ac connected in parallel, due to power weeping The feedback function is applied to the output terminal, so the thunder is provided for the thunder, the μ will be too much, and the battery module 30 will be singled up to the rim of the power factor corrector 33. In addition, due to the Japanese Zhaorong妁 Output voltage. Thunder, * τ 匕丄 and other conditions are fixed 所以 'So the output voltage Vp ” output motor Ipv should also be fixed ψ η] 31 rounds of control 妒 srn, the maximum power tracker shovel The duty cycle, in order to comply with the output of boost converter 32; ff I: will increase. The DC/DC 31-round control n 2 will be divided by the maximum voltage chaser after the load terminal voltage VB, divided by %, but the parallel current I, divided by the DC/DC converter 32 motor Ϊ cb Value, such as formula (u)

R v .(14) See the second load R: 'refers to the DC / DC converter 32 # wheel end of the other, from the point of view of the impedance of the power factor correction 芎 / see the straight slave load 4 in parallel ΦA The rotation voltage of the fasting can be regarded as the original resistance of the helmet, 葙t 弋 resistance load RL parallel-negative with PB soil J), as shown in formula (15):

—v f * * · C15 )

- v B stream where ' ίΑΒ is the output power of the power factor corrector 33 201015816 ^ ^ Ιαβ is the load current minus the output current I, CB, which is expressed as ? ;" straight conversion benefits 32 A B —

R ((7) substituted into formula (10)...Formula ❹ R:

-R.V V: ^ ~ rl^s -

V

CB where R1, 盥, 士, :, 动, 动, 动, 动, 。 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 The electric power is also the same as that of the fourth picture. Please refer to the ninth picture. The picture shows the DC/DC converter 32 and the AC, the ninth U white shape and the data. The ninth _ is DC = -32 and the AC mains AG in parallel after the waveform and the data of the schematic transfer to compare the ninth A and ninth B, can send two STt 32 output voltage is connected in parallel power "ί U To the turn-off voltage of the power factor corrector 33, and too "^ pool = group 3, the output voltage Vpv is fixed due to the maximum power point. The voltage conversion equation of the boost converter is at this time, the maximum power tracker 31 Output control signal sn = Please refer to Figure 10A and Figure 10B. The eighteenth figure is the system 14 201015816 ί = power tracker input voltage Vpv, input current In data = maximum power ppv waveform and the number of the device in the tenth figure is the maximum power tracking after parallel connection A schematic diagram of the waveforms and data of the high-power pPv of the two-spot ft jpv, the input current of 1pv and the solar cell module. Module 10p, found that the solar cell proved ★ af out the maximum power Ρρν is the same before and after the parallel, that is, 51 〇〇 8 DC / DC converter 32 and power factor correction can still be issued in parallel with the DC voltage, in the variable The duty cycle 功能 is the function to maintain maximum power tracking. According to Yang, the present invention uses a single-stage DC output method to turn too straight and drag, and Ϊ9 30 passes through the maximum power tracker 31 and DC/will ίίϊ: directly parallel to the AC mains AC system, and the solar battery module The maximum power of 30 is transmitted to the DC load 4.

If Μ but retains the complexity of the original solar cell module 30 and the mains DC parallel connection, and ^ 2 m electric /, solar 旎 battery DC parallel power supply system, the Infrared series one-stage parallel boost converter The damage caused. ❹ 吉, ώ, on the system, the power factor corrector 33 shares its own output capacitance with DC/Low, and reduces the number of components, while effectively reducing the number of components, can achieve cost reduction Pangu = this The main advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. In the DC mode, the pool can be used to convert the AC parallel complexity. 2. The solar energy ί ί DC converter can improve the efficiency. 6· Use the 7C piece of the Eve 15 201015816 [Simple description of the schema] Anyone who is familiar with the decoration of the #诚肉's in this invention can be used for months, and can easily think about the change or repair the patent of the following case. Scope. The first known multi-level battery utility parallel system

Hi: The third diagram of the multi-level battery-free mains parallel system is a schematic diagram of a conventional single-stage mains parallel system. Figure: Figure f ίInvented DC power supply system function block is not /3⁄4 circle; Output current--P) characteristics The fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the power module (IV) and the output power of the solar cell module of the present invention (v line diagram; the sixth diagram is a schematic diagram of the power factor corrector circuit of the present invention; The maximum power tracker performs the coordinate waveform diagram of the incremental electric director algorithm; the eighth figure is the schematic diagram of the control flow of the incremental conductance method; the ninth A is a schematic diagram of the waveform and data before the parallel connection of the DC/DC converter and the AC mains Figure IX is a schematic diagram of the waveform and data of the DC/DC converter in parallel with the AC mains; Figure 10A shows the input of the maximum power tracer before the system is connected. 16 201015816 Qiao: Input current and solar cell mode high power Schematic diagram of waveform and data; and the top tenth picture of the rebellion is the input power C, input current and solar cell module output of the maximum power tracker after the system is connected in parallel A schematic of the waveform data of the most powerful symbols DESCRIPTION The main conventional elements: a battery multistage electricity parallel solar cell system 1 ® 1〇

Maximum power tracking converter 12 Inverter 13 Battery 14 AC load 15 AC mains AC multi-stage batteryless parallel system 1, ❹ Single-stage mains parallel system 2 Solar cell 20 Inverter 22 AC load 25 The present invention: DC power supply system 3 Solar Module 30 Maximum Power Tracker 31 17 201015816 DC/DC Converter 32 Power Factor Corrector 33 Rectifier Unit 330

Step-up power factor correction unit 332 DC load 4 Output voltage Vpv Output current Ipv Control signal SCI First DC power DC1 Auxiliary DC power DC2 Main DC power DC3 AC mains AC 18

Claims (1)

201015816 VII. Patent application scope: For providing DC load 1. A DC power supply system includes: a solar battery module that outputs a first DC power; a f high power tracker coupled to the solar energy a battery module f for tracking and controlling the maximum power of the solar battery module, and outputting a control signal; ❹ a ^ / DC converter coupled to the maximum power tracking state, the solar cell module and the DC load, the direct = / DC converter controlled by the control signal, the conversion of the first DC power becomes An auxiliary DC power to the DC load; and a rate factor corrector connected to an AC mains and the DC load, the power factor corrector correcting the power factor of the utility, and converting the AC mains into a main DC power Send to the DC load. 2. 申: The DC power supply system described in item 1 is a step-up DC/DC converter. The 3H (d) range is the DC power supply system described by the quotient, wherein the DC/DC converter is in parallel with the power factor corrector in parallel with an output capacitor and the DC load. / σσ "port, the DC power supply system described in the patent scope S!" wherein the maximum power tracker performs an incremental electric directing algorithm based on the first direct current power to track and control the maximum power of the solar battery module 5. The DC power supply system of claim 4, wherein the maximum power tracker adjusts a duty cycle of the control signal according to a maximum power of the solar battery module. 20