200912429 y—r\j^\f a -» λ v ^vf. doc/006 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明疋有關於一種立體影像顯示裝置 (Autostereoscopic Display Device)，且特別是有關於一種立 體影像顯不裝置的視覺阻障元件(ParaUax Barrier)及其製 作方法。 【先前技術】 隨著科技的進步與發達，人們對於物質生活以及精神 〇 f面的享受一向都只有增加而從未減少。以精神層面而 5 ’在k科技日新月異的年代，人們希望能夠藉由顯示裝 £來實現天馬行空的輯力，鱗财歷其境的效果。因 此:如何使顯示裝置呈現立體的圖像或影像，便成為現今 顯示裝置技術巫欲達到的目標。 就使用外觀而5 ’立體顯示技術可大致分成戴眼鏡式200912429 y—r\j^\fa -» λ v ^vf. doc/006 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an Autostereoscopic Display Device, and in particular A visual barrier element (ParaUax Barrier) for a stereoscopic image display device and a method for fabricating the same. [Prior Art] With the advancement and development of science and technology, people's enjoyment of material life and spirituality has always increased and never decreased. In the era of k-technics, people hope to realize the effect of the sky and the sky by displaying the installation of £. Therefore, how to make a display device to present a stereoscopic image or image has become the goal of today's display device technology. In terms of the appearance, the 5' stereo display technology can be roughly divided into glasses.
⑽及裸眼式(aut_re_pie)。其中，戴眼鏡式 立體顯不共可分為*光眼鏡(c〇1〇r⑽咖㈣、偏光眼鏡 (P—g glasses)、快門眼鏡(shutter gl_s)等方式。戴 眼鏡式立體顯示的讀原理主要是_顯示器送出呈有特 艮影像’經由頭戴式眼鏡的選擇，讓左右眼 刀別看到左魏景彡像，㈣成域視覺。械眼鏡式立 =顯不已經發展絲’並敍㈣某些 事模擬或大魏群。然而，舰鏡的不方㈣不舒^軍 式立體顯示未能普及於—般民生娛樂上。因 裸眼式立體顯不器逐漸發展並成為新潮流。 200912429 ’’wo i u〜“《vf.doc/006 裸眼式立體顯示器的種類更多，約可分成全像式 (holographic type)、體積式(v〇lumetric type)、成對立體影 像式(parallax images)及觀者追跡式(tracking-based type)。 其中全像式及體積式的裸眼式立體顯示器雖然可達到理想 的立體顯示效果，但是其技術難度較高，實行不易。相較 之下，成對立體影像式比較接近現代平面顯示方式，也是 目前商業化產品的主流。 更詳細地來說，成對立體影像式依其顯示機制又可分 成時間多工（time-multiplexed)及空間多工 (spatial-multiplexed)的方式。時間多工方式主要是利用特 殊設計的分光機制，將左右眼影像連續地個別送到左右 眼，以達到立體顯示效果。空間多工方式則是將顯示晝面 間隔地劃分為左右眼影像顯示區域，利用視差阻障元件 (parallax barrier)或微透鏡陣列(lenticular沉代㈣同時將影 像分別投向左右眼，以達到立體效果。 圖1A〜II依序繪示為習知之一種視差阻障元件的製 作流程圖。首先如圖1A所示，提供一基板11〇，且基板 1〇〇上配置有一高分子膜(polymer)120。接著如圖1B所 示，對高分子膜120進行摩擦製程以形成一配向層122。 之後如圖1C、圖1D及圖1£所示，於配向層122上塗佈 光阻130，並使用光罩14〇對配向層122進行曝光製程， 以於配向層122上形成一圖案化光阻132，其中圖案化光 阻132暴露出部分的配向層122。然後如1F所示，對被暴 露出的配向層122進行摩擦製程，以於配向層122形成第 200912429 ^^./f.doc/006 一相位延遲區122a以及第二相位延遲區122b。其中，第 一相位延遲區122a經過一次摩擦製程，而第二相位延遲區 122b經過兩次的摩擦製程。然後如圖ig所示，去除圖案 化光阻132。之後如圖1H所示，於配向層122上形成一液 晶聚合層150 ’並且對液晶聚合層150進行曝光。最後如 圖II所示，曝光後的液晶聚合層150形成固定於配向層 122上的複折射層160，便完成了視差阻障元件1〇〇的製 作。但是’此種方法因為需要對配向層122的部分區域進 行兩次摩擦製程，因而增加了視差阻障元件100的製程複 雜度’進而使得視差阻障元件100的產品良率無法大幅提 昇，且無法有效降低視差阻障元件1〇〇的產品製作成本。 圖2A〜圖2C依序繪示為習知之另一種視差阻障元件 的製作流程圖。首先如圖2A所示，提供一基板210，且於 基板210上依序形成一配向層220以及一具有對掌性摻質 (chiral dopant)之液晶聚合層230。接著如圖2B所示，以光 罩240為罩幕，對液晶聚合層230進行曝光製程，以使液 晶層230形成相位延遲陣列232。其中，光罩240具有透 光£ 242以及遮光區244。之後如圖2C所示，相位延遲陣 列232具有對應於透光區242的第一區232a，以及對應於 遮光區244的第二區232b。其中，第一區232a内的液晶 分子於第一方向水平排列，而第二區232b内的液晶分子於 一垂直於第一方向的第二方向扭轉排列（Twisted Arrangement)。值得注意的是，與前述之視差阻障元件1〇〇 的製作方法相較，此種方法雖然具有製程簡單的優點，但 200912429 1 i>vf.d〇c/006 是在對液晶層23G進行曝光製程以形成 時，卻會增加視差阻障元件的 budget) ’此製賴鮮會影_晶分子之排列方:(。 【發明内容】 有鑑於此，本發_目㈣是在提供 件的製作方法。 理优產丨且丨早兀 o 視差再—目的是提供—種可以提高產品良率的 立體目的是提供—種可㈣少生產成本的 的制他目的’本發明提出一種視差阻障元件 的衣作方法’包括下列之步驟：首先，提供—基板，並於 ϋ 基板上形成-配向層。然、後，於配向層上形成—液晶聚人 物層，並且以-光罩為罩幕，對液晶聚合物層的部分區^ 進行曝光。之後’對液晶聚合物層進行全雜的曝光，= 使液晶聚合物層形成—相位輯_，其 具有多個經過單次曝光的第—相位延遲區以及多 ^曝先的第二相位延遲區’且第—相位延遲區的延遲量盘 弟'一相位延遲區的延遲量不同。 ^本發明-較佳實施例中，形成配向層的方法例如是 =基板上形成-材料層’然後對材料層進行單一方向的 摩擦，以形成具有單一摩擦方向的配向層。 在本發明-較佳實施例中，液晶聚合物層是暴露於氮 200912429 y 爷 iu^jiLvvf.doc/006 氣環境下以進行曝光。 在本發明一較佳實施例中，液晶聚合物層是藉由紫外 光以進行曝光。 本發明再提出一種視差阻障元件，其包括一基板、一 配向層、以及一非對掌性相位延遲陣列。其中，配向層配 置於基板上，且配向層具有單—摩擦方向。此外，非對掌 性相位延遲陣列配置於配向層上，其中非對掌性相位延遲 Ο(10) and naked-eye (aut_re_pie). Among them, the glasses-type stereo display can be divided into * light glasses (c〇1〇r (10) coffee (four), polarized glasses (P-g glasses), shutter glasses (shutter gl_s), etc. The reading principle of glasses-type stereo display Mainly _ display sent a special image 'via the choice of glasses, let the left and right eye knives do not see the left Wei Jingying image, (four) into the domain vision. Mechanical glasses type vertical = not developed silk 'and (4) Some things are simulated or Daweiqun. However, the lack of the mirror (4) is not comfortable. The military stereoscopic display has not been popularized in the ordinary people's livelihood. The naked-eye stereoscopic display has gradually developed and become a new trend. 200912429 ' 'wo iu~' "vf.doc/006" There are more types of naked-eye stereoscopic displays, which can be divided into holographic type, v〇lumetric type, and parallax images. Tracking-based type. The omnidirectional and volumetric naked-eye stereoscopic display can achieve the ideal stereoscopic display effect, but its technical difficulty is high, and it is not easy to implement. In contrast, paired stereo Image is closer to modern The flat display mode is also the mainstream of the current commercial products. In more detail, the paired stereoscopic image can be divided into a time-multiplexed and a spatial-multiplexed manner according to its display mechanism. The time multiplexing method mainly uses a specially designed splitting mechanism to continuously send left and right eye images to the left and right eyes continuously to achieve a stereoscopic display effect. The spatial multiplexing method divides the display pupil plane into left and right eye image display areas. The parallax barrier element or the microlens array (lenticular) is used to simultaneously project the images to the left and right eyes to achieve a stereoscopic effect. Figures 1A to II are sequentially illustrated as a conventional parallax barrier element. First, as shown in FIG. 1A, a substrate 11 is provided, and a polymer 120 is disposed on the substrate 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the polymer film 120 is subjected to a rubbing process to form a polymer. The alignment layer 122. Then, as shown in FIG. 1C, FIG. 1D and FIG. 1 , the photoresist 130 is coated on the alignment layer 122, and the alignment layer 122 is exposed to light using the mask 14 〇. A patterned photoresist 132 is formed on the alignment layer 122, wherein the patterned photoresist 132 exposes a portion of the alignment layer 122. Then, as shown in FIG. 1F, the exposed alignment layer 122 is subjected to a rubbing process for the alignment layer. 122 forms a phase delay region 122a and a second phase delay region 122b, wherein the first phase delay region 122a undergoes a rubbing process and the second phase retard region 122b passes through two times. Friction process. The patterned photoresist 132 is then removed as shown in Figure ig. Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 1H, a liquid crystal polymerization layer 150' is formed on the alignment layer 122 and the liquid crystal polymerization layer 150 is exposed. Finally, as shown in Fig. II, the exposed liquid crystal polymer layer 150 is formed into a birefringent layer 160 fixed on the alignment layer 122, and the fabrication of the parallax barrier element 1 is completed. However, this method increases the process complexity of the parallax barrier element 100 because it requires two rubbing processes on a portion of the alignment layer 122, and thus the product yield of the parallax barrier element 100 cannot be greatly improved, and Effectively reduce the production cost of the parallax barrier element 1〇〇. 2A to 2C are sequentially flow chart showing the fabrication of another conventional parallax barrier element. First, as shown in FIG. 2A, a substrate 210 is provided, and an alignment layer 220 and a liquid crystal polymerization layer 230 having a chiral dopant are sequentially formed on the substrate 210. Next, as shown in Fig. 2B, the liquid crystal polymerization layer 230 is exposed by the mask 240 to form the phase retardation array 232. The photomask 240 has a light transmissive layer 242 and a light blocking region 244. Thereafter, as shown in Fig. 2C, the phase retardation array 232 has a first region 232a corresponding to the light transmitting region 242, and a second region 232b corresponding to the light blocking region 244. Wherein, the liquid crystal molecules in the first region 232a are horizontally arranged in the first direction, and the liquid crystal molecules in the second region 232b are twisted in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction (Twisted Arrangement). It is worth noting that, compared with the above-described manufacturing method of the parallax barrier element 1 ,, although this method has the advantage of simple process, 200912429 1 i>vf.d〇c/006 is performed on the liquid crystal layer 23G. When the exposure process is formed, it will increase the budget of the parallax barrier element. 'This system depends on the array of crystal molecules. (Invention content) In view of this, the present invention is provided in the article. The method of production. Optimum production and early 兀o parallax re--the purpose is to provide a kind of three-dimensional purpose to improve product yield is to provide a kind of (four) less production cost of the purpose of the purpose of the present invention proposed a parallax barrier The method of fabricating the component 'includes the following steps: first, providing a substrate, and forming an alignment layer on the germanium substrate. Then, forming a liquid crystal polylayer on the alignment layer, and using a mask as a mask Exposing a partial region of the liquid crystal polymer layer. Then, 'completely exposing the liquid crystal polymer layer, forming a liquid crystal polymer layer-phase sequence_, having a plurality of single-exposure first phases Delay zone and more The exposure of the first phase retardation region of the first phase delay region and the delay amount of the phase retardation region of the first phase delay region is different. In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of forming the alignment layer is, for example, a substrate. The material layer is formed thereon and then rubbed in a single direction to form an alignment layer having a single rubbing direction. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal polymer layer is exposed to nitrogen 200912429 y 爷 iu^jiLvvf In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid crystal polymer layer is exposed by ultraviolet light. The present invention further provides a parallax barrier element comprising a substrate, a An alignment layer and a non-pivoting phase retardation array, wherein the alignment layer is disposed on the substrate, and the alignment layer has a single-friction direction. Further, the non-pivot phase retardation array is disposed on the alignment layer, wherein the non-pair Sex phase delayΟ
陣列具有多個第-相位延遲區以及多個第二相位延遲區， 且第一相位延遲區的延遲量與第二相位延遲區的延遲量不 同。 在本發明一較佳實施例中，第一相位延遲區的延遲量 與第二相位延遲區的延遲量之差為λ/2，且λ為穿透非ς 掌性相位延·狀—光線的波長。其中，第—相 區的延遲量為55G nm，而第二相位延遲區的位 275 nm。 处里两 件上 本發明又提出一種立體影像顯示裝置，其包括一顯示 面板、一上述之視差阻障元件以及一偏光片了其中，韻、= 阻障元件配置於顯示面板上，而偏光片配置於視差阻障元 在本發明一較佳實施例中，顯 柘、右嬙雷私不面板例如是液晶面 ^板有機電激發域示硫、鎌顯示面板或場發射顯示 本發明之立體影像顯示裝置、視覺 方法具有降低製程熱預算、增加產品良率以二土: 200912429 ----- ^vf.doc/006 本等優點。 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯 易懂’下文特舉較佳實施例’並配合所附圖式，作詳細說 明如下。 【實施方式】 圖3A〜3D依序緣示為本發明之視差阻障元件的製作 流程圖。視差阻障元件300的製作流程包括下列的步驟： 首先如圖3A所示，提供一基板310,並先於基板31〇上形 Π 成一材料層312,然後對材料層312進行單一方向的摩擦， 以形成具有單一摩擦方向的配向層320。在本實施例中， 基板31 〇例如是透明基板，而材料層312的材質可以是任 何一種能夠沈積於基板310上並且被摩擦的高分子聚合 物’如聚酿亞胺(polyimide)等。 然後如圖3B所示，在配向層320上形成液晶聚合物 層330。值得注意的是，液晶聚合物層33〇内摻雜有非對 掌性摻質(non_chiral dopant)。之後如圖3C所示，將液晶聚 (J 合物層330置於氮氣環境下，並且以一光罩34〇為罩幕， 對液晶聚合物層330照射紫外光，以進行第一次曝光。更 詳細地來說，光罩340具有遮蔽區342以及透光區344， 因此第一次曝光是對液晶聚合物層330進行部分區域的曝 光。 之後如圖3D所示’再對液晶聚合物層330照射紫外 光以進行第一次的曝光，而此第二次曝光是對液晶聚二物 330進行全面性的曝光’以使液晶聚合物層33〇形成—非 200912429 L\jy^ jLtvVf.d〇C/006 對掌性相位延遲陣列332。其中’非對掌性相位延遲陣 332具有多個經過單次曝光的第—相位延遲區以及多 個經過兩次曝光的第二相位延遲區334b，且第一相位延= 區334a的延遲量與第二相位延遲區334b的延遲量不同。 值得注意的是，第一相位延遲區334a的延遲量與第 二相位延遲區334b的延遲量之差為λ/2，且λ為穿透非對 掌性相位延遲陣列332之光線的波長。其中，第一相位延 遲區的延遲里為550 nm ’而第二相位延遲區的延遲量為 275 nm ° 當然，本實施例雖然是先對液晶聚合物層33()進行部 分曝光，再對液晶聚合物層330進行全面性的曝光以形成 非對掌性相位延遲陣列332。但是，在其他實施例中；/也 可以先對液晶聚合物層330進行全面性的曝光，再對液晶 聚合物層330進行部分曝光，以形成非對掌性相位延遲陣 列 332。 圖4繪示為本發明之立體影像顯示裝置的示意圖。請 參考圖4 ’立體影像顯示裝置400包括顯示面板35〇、視差 脏]5早元件300以及偏光片360。其中’視差阻障元件3〇〇 配置於顯示面板350上’而偏光片360配置於視差阻障元 件300上。在本實施例中，顯示面板例如是液晶面板、有 機電激發光顯示面板、電漿顯示面板或場發射顯示面板。 接下來請同時參考圖3D及圖4，當提供光線予立體 像顯不裝置400日令’顯不面板350將平面影像(2£> Image) 傳入視差阻障元件300中做影像處理，再將平面影像透過 11 oThe array has a plurality of first-phase delay regions and a plurality of second phase delay regions, and the delay amount of the first phase delay region is different from the delay amount of the second phase delay region. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the difference between the delay amount of the first phase delay region and the delay amount of the second phase delay region is λ/2, and λ is a penetrating non-ς palm phase delay-like light. wavelength. Among them, the delay amount of the first phase region is 55G nm, and the bit of the second phase retardation region is 275 nm. In the present invention, a three-dimensional image display device further includes a display panel, a parallax barrier element and a polarizer, wherein the rhyme and the barrier element are disposed on the display panel, and the polarizer Disposed in a parallax barrier element. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the display panel of the present invention is displayed, for example, a liquid crystal panel, an organic electro-excitation domain, a sulfur, a display panel, or a field emission display. The display device and the visual method have the advantages of reducing the process heat budget and increasing the product yield by two soils: 200912429 ----- ^vf.doc/006. The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent < [Embodiment] Figs. 3A to 3D are flowcharts showing the fabrication of a parallax barrier element of the present invention. The manufacturing process of the parallax barrier element 300 includes the following steps: First, as shown in FIG. 3A, a substrate 310 is provided, and a material layer 312 is formed on the substrate 31, and then the material layer 312 is rubbed in a single direction. To form an alignment layer 320 having a single rubbing direction. In the present embodiment, the substrate 31 is, for example, a transparent substrate, and the material layer 312 may be made of any polymer such as polyimide which can be deposited on the substrate 310 and rubbed, such as polyimide. Then, as shown in Fig. 3B, a liquid crystal polymer layer 330 is formed on the alignment layer 320. It is to be noted that the liquid crystal polymer layer 33 is doped with a non-chiral dopant. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3C, the liquid crystal is polymerized (the J layer 330 is placed under a nitrogen atmosphere, and the liquid crystal polymer layer 330 is irradiated with ultraviolet light with a mask 34 as a mask to perform the first exposure. In more detail, the photomask 340 has a shielding area 342 and a light transmissive area 344, so the first exposure is a partial exposure of the liquid crystal polymer layer 330. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3D, the liquid crystal polymer layer is re-applied. 330 irradiates ultraviolet light for the first exposure, and this second exposure is a comprehensive exposure of the liquid crystal polymer 330 to form the liquid crystal polymer layer 33 - non-200912429 L\jy^ jLtvVf.d 〇C/006 for the palm phase retardation array 332. The 'non-palphasity phase delay array 332 has a plurality of single-exposure first phase delay regions and a plurality of double-exposure second phase delay regions 334b, And the delay amount of the first phase delay = region 334a is different from the delay amount of the second phase delay region 334b. It is noted that the difference between the delay amount of the first phase delay region 334a and the delay amount of the second phase delay region 334b is λ/2, and λ is a penetrating non-puppet phase The wavelength of the light of the array 332 is delayed, wherein the delay of the first phase retardation region is 550 nm' and the retardation amount of the second phase retardation region is 275 nm °. Of course, in this embodiment, the liquid crystal polymer layer 33 is first Partial exposure is performed, and the liquid crystal polymer layer 330 is subjected to comprehensive exposure to form a non-palphasity phase retardation array 332. However, in other embodiments, / the liquid crystal polymer layer 330 may be comprehensive first. Exposure, and then partially exposing the liquid crystal polymer layer 330 to form a non-palphasity phase retardation array 332. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic image display device of the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 4 'The stereoscopic image display device 400 includes The display panel 35A, the parallax dirty] 5 early element 300, and the polarizer 360. The 'parallax barrier element 3' is disposed on the display panel 350' and the polarizer 360 is disposed on the parallax barrier element 300. In this embodiment The display panel is, for example, a liquid crystal panel, an organic electroluminescent display panel, a plasma display panel, or a field emission display panel. Next, please refer to FIG. 3D and FIG. The line is stereoscopically displayed on the 400th day. The display panel 350 transmits a flat image (2£> Image) to the parallax barrier element 300 for image processing, and then transmits the planar image through 11 o.
200912429 ynvyo ivy-» x».v^f.d〇c/〇〇5 —遲量二= = 的是具有立體感的影像。 彳規貝者所硯察到 件及體，::裝置、視覺阻障元 點，因此可以‘程熱預算較低的優 雖缺太恭^良率以及降低生產成本。 限;=入任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發 和耗圍内田可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此 範圍當視後社申料鄕圍所界定者鱗。保邊 【圖式簡單說明】 製作11依精示為習知之—種視差轉元件的 圖2A〜圖2C依序繪示#習知之另一種視差阻障 的製作流程圖。 圖3A〜圖3D依序繪示為本發明之視差阻障元件 作流程圖。 圖4繪示為本發明之立體影像顯示裝置的示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100、200、300 :視差阻障元件 110、210、310 :基板 122、220、320 :配向層 122a、334a :第一相位延遲區 12 200912429 _____ _______wf.doc/006 122b、334b :第二相位延遲區 130 :光阻 140、240、340 :光罩 150、230 :液晶聚合層 160 :複折射層 220:高分子膜 232 :相位延遲陣列 232a :第一區 〇 232b:第二區 312 :材料層 332 :非對掌性相位延遲陣列 330 :液晶聚合物層 350 :顯示面板 360 :偏光片 400 :立體影像顯示裝置200912429 ynvyo ivy-» x».v^f.d〇c/〇〇5 — The late two == is a stereoscopic image.彳 贝 者 者 : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : If you are familiar with this skill, you can make some changes and refinements without leaving the hair and the consumption of Uchida. Therefore, the scope is determined by the scales defined by the company. [Brief Description] The production of 11 is shown as a conventional parallax-shifting element. FIG. 2A to FIG. 2C sequentially show a flow chart of another known parallax barrier. 3A to 3D are a flow chart showing the parallax barrier element of the present invention in sequence. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stereoscopic image display device of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 100, 200, 300: parallax barrier elements 110, 210, 310: substrates 122, 220, 320: alignment layers 122a, 334a: first phase delay region 12 200912429 _____ _______wf.doc/006 122b, 334b: second phase retardation region 130: photoresist 140, 240, 340: photomask 150, 230: liquid crystal polymerization layer 160: birefringent layer 220: polymer film 232: phase retardation array 232a: first region 〇 232b: Two zones 312 : material layer 332 : non-pivoting phase retardation array 330 : liquid crystal polymer layer 350 : display panel 360 : polarizer 400 : stereoscopic image display device
1313