200536792 玫、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及-種光學玻魏片之模造成職置及模造成形方法，尤 才曰-種不但可穩定、精確地控制光學玻璃模造鏡片之中心厚度及鏡片 表面面形轉寫特性，且模具便於拆解、組裝及維修之光學玻璃鏡片的 模造成形裝置及模造成形方法。 【先前技術】 按由於玻璃鏡片之透光性極佳而一直都作爲光學産品的重要基 材’而對於非球面鏡玻璃鏡片的製造方法，大體可分爲研磨方式及模 迻方式兩種，其中模造方式非常適合小尺寸非球面鏡的製作。 4知的非球面光學玻璃鏡片之模造方法，基本上是以一模具或套筒 配口成對之上、下模仁以形成模穴，並利用玻璃材料之高溫軟化特性， 於此模八中藉由上模仁或下模仁之加壓，將玻璃材料壓造成形，使其 雙形並接近預射模造成品的表面面形與厚度，隨後在玻璃材料冷卻 收縮且黏滞度升高的過程中再給予模造鏡片適當的二次加塵成形， 上下模仁之表面面形將因此轉寫於玻璃材料上，並最終獲得所需表 面面形之光學玻璃鏡片。 在習知套筒與模仁搭配的玻璃模造成形裝置中，控制鏡片厚度的方 式主要有利用精您伺服馬達控制模造成形中之加壓板的下壓或上壓距 離來達成，或以氣壓缸逕行加壓由模仁長度搭配筒形模具高度所形成 的模具組，利用模具組控制模造鏡片的厚度。 上述習知技術的實例，有如日本專利特公平57697號、特開平 200536792 5唬特開平U~217227號'特公平6-24992號、特開2002-29763 號及特許_657號等專利公報所揭示之内容。 1、其中’由日本專利特公平7_57697號公開之習知絲玻璃鏡片之模 造成形裝置之基本構造如第_圖所示，其係個上模仁Μ及下模仁92 並配合單—套筒模具93來進行光學玻璃鏡片94的玻璃模造製程，其 中套筒模具93是用來控制模造玻璃鏡片的中心厚度，而玻璃鏡片的面 又、!藉由_L 了模仁、套筒模具及玻璃材料之熱收縮效應來控制。 在選擇套龍具93之製作㈣時，若要確保在高溫環境下能夠财高溫 氧化並保持該與模仁間之配合精度，賴具之材料的熱膨服 係數通常必須與模仁材料相近而無法太高；而若要該套筒模具有足夠 的冷卻收縮量來確保面形轉寫的精度，則其套賴具之材料的熱膨脹 係數又必須要遠大於玻璃材料的熱膨脹係數，但這種高熱膨脹係數材 料的鬲溫特性又往往不令人滿意。故，雖然該模造成形裝置之構造簡 易，但由於其模具材料之選用困難而難以推廣使用。 日本專利特開平7-2535號公開了另一種習知模造成形裝置，其基 本構造及玻璃鏡片的成形過程如第二A至二C圖所示，其係利用上模 仁81及下模仁82並配合内部套筒模具83及外部套筒模具85，進行光 學玻璃鏡片的玻璃模造製程。其中，内部套筒模具83與上、下模仁之 材質相類似以確保在高溫環境下能夠耐高溫氧化並保持該模具與模仁 間之配合精度，而外部套筒模具85之熱膨脹係數較大。如第二A圖所 示，上模仁81、下模仁82、内部套筒模具83、外部套筒模具85及導 200536792 入核穴中的玻璃材料84均處於模造製程的初始狀態，其中外部套筒模 具85之下端面與下加熱成形板86接觸。如第二B圖所示，上加熱壓 板87對軟化後的玻璃材料84進行初次加壓，而使得該玻璃材料發生 初步變形。然後進行適當冷卻，之後繼續讓上加熱壓板87向下移動， 直至外部套筒模具85之上端面與上加熱壓板完全接觸，如第二〇圖所 不，以藉此控纖造玻璃之巾心厚度。而在隨後的冷卻過程中， 再次利用外部套筒模具之較大的熱收縮量來失持内部套筒模具及模 仁，以確保玻璃鏡片面形轉寫的精度。 惟，由於外部套筒模具85之熱膨脹係數較内部套筒模具抑之熱膨 脹係數大，而在冷卻過程中，外部套筒模具85之收縮速度亦明顯大於 内部套筒 83，這獅能給玻撕⑽之模造·絲益處，即可 確保玻璃鏡片面形轉寫的精度’但同時也帶來了諸多不便。例如：在 每次的冷卻完錢，必縣模具打開以將成品取出並且放人新的玻璃 塑材。但由於模具與其套筒間的精密配合及因溫度上升所產生的熱膨 脹干涉量等因素’上、下模仁81或82無法自由的取出，而必須先使 用特定的夾具夾住外部套賴具85，再將上或下模仁81或82連同内 部套筒拉具83取出；接下來再—次以夾具纽内部套賴具83，再將 下或下模仁81或82取出，以取出模穴内的玻璃鏡片成品：而且在進 行下-循製_，也要按照與前賴拆解的過軸反的步驟來組 合模具組。S1此’ _f知光學玻魏片模造成形的方法及其裝置的 整體模具拆解與組立過程是很複雜及不便的。 200536792 直至上ϋ 71之外徑凸出部的底面與外部套筒模具75之上端面相接 觸，從而獲得初步變形狀況之玻璃鏡片74如第三c圖所示。在進行適 料卻之後，附卜部套賴具75之收縮量與⑽速奴大於内部套筒 下核仁7卜72及玻璃鏡片74，故可促使上加熱壓板再 又’如日本專利特許第2猶657號所公開的一種習知模造成形袭 置，其基本構造及玻璃鏡片的成形過程如第三A至三D圖所示，其係 利用上模仁7卜下模仁72並配合内部套筒模具73及具有較大熱膨^ 係數的外部套筒模具75，進行光學玻璃鏡片的玻璃模造製程。如第^ A圖所不’上模仁71、下模仁72、内部套筒模具73、外部套筒模具π 及導入模穴巾的玻璃㈣74均處於模造製輯初始狀態，射下模仁 72之外徑凸出部底面可與下加熱板（未目示）接觸，而内、外部套筒 模具之下端面皆與下模仁之外徑凸出部之上平面接觸，上模仁^之外 仅凸出之頂面與上加熱麗板（未圖示）接觸。如第三Β圖所示，當 製程溫度提升至玻璃軟化點時，因熱膨脹效應的作用外部套筒模: 75之高度將較内部套龍具73之高度大_，此時進行域成形^ 次向下力過，直至内部套筒模具73之上端面與上模仁71之外徑凸£ 部的底面相接觸，藉此控賴造玻璃之中⑽度，並確保玻璃袭 片面形轉_度，如。職，峨觀造成刪 之内、外部套筒模具73、75之配合結構及其與上、下模仁^、π之 -請、則述日本專利特開平7_2535號公開的習知模造成形裝置 相類似，故其弊病也都相同，即也存在有模具拆解與組立機構比較複 200536792 雜的問題。 需注意的是，在上述習知模造成形裝置的使用過程中，隨著模仁面 的返修或補正加工，模仁的高度將因研磨造成的材料損耗而縮短，最 後導致模造鏡片的成品厚度增加或超出規格。f知的作法是，對筒形 模具進行研磨關整其高度，藉此補償壯的高度損失，確保模造鏡 片成品之厚度。惟，此維修方法複雜且不能及時調整好模具高度，而 有改進之必要。 故’有必要提供-麵的光學麵制之模造成職纽模造成形 方法’以克服習知技術所存在之所有問題。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的在於提供—種絲賴之模造成形裝置、模 造成形方法及由職置及財法·得的光學補鏡片其中該光學 玻璃鏡片之模造成職置具有較㈣拆較讎，且可敎、精雜 控制光學玻補造創之中心厚度及鏡絲面面形轉寫之特性，從而 獲得具高精密度之光學玻璃鏡片。 本發明之另一目的在於提供一種光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形裝置，其 不但可獲得具高精密度之光學玻璃鏡片，而且該裝置之維修方法簡單。 依據本發明之上述目的，本發明提供—種光學玻魏片之模造成形 褒置’其具備有可藉由外力作開啓與閉合的運動之主模具及由異質合 金材料製成並利用其高度來控制模造鏡片之厚度的套筒模具组。其 中，主模具包括第-模仁及第二模仁，在第一、第二模仁之間形成模 200536792 穴以收容模造鏡片；套賴具組是組立於主模具之週邊，其包括第一 同形模具及與第一筒形模具之一部分外形結構相配合之第二筒形模 ’、且"亥第一、第二筒形模具材料之熱膨脹係數不同並均具有階梯狀 之構形，其巾主模具之第—模仁健第—筒形模具配合，而主模具之 第二模仁卿時與第—筒形模具及第三獅模具配合，且該套筒模具 組之總熱膨脹量大於主模具與模造制成品的_脹量之和。 利用上述模造成形裝置進行光學玻璃鏡片之模造，其模造過程包括 如下步驟：首先是將套賴具她錄域具之週邊，並將待模造之 玻璃材料導人主模具之敎内；織提升製程溫度至綱材料軟化 點’其中套筒模具組之熱膨脹速度會大於主模具與玻璃材料的熱膨服 速度；接著對玻雜料進行第—次模造卿，即域具將借助外力對 玻璃材料進行加壓，直絲賴具組之端面触模無合，從而獲得 /、初V 1形狀;兄之玻璃鏡片；接著，因套筒模具組之收縮量與收縮速 度遂大於域具與玻璃鏡片之收縮量與收縮速度，故可以繼續對主模 具知加壓力，並在溫度下降、玻璃輯度逐步提升陳況下仍持續提 仏玻璃材料_之動力，以穩定、精讀地控制光學玻璃模造鏡片之中 。厚度及主板具之模仁與鏡片表面面形轉寫之過程，並且使模具能在 適當㈣機進行二次加壓駐作，從而獲得職之光學玻璃鏡片成品。 在上述模造成形裝置中，第一、第二筒形模具之間還配置有一構 件’以利用該構件之厚度調節該套筒模具組之總長，其中第一筒形模 具具有單-内徑及二個呈階梯狀之不同外徑，第_筒形模具之内徑可 200536792 同時與第一、第二模仁傲牡〜 /讀配合，而第二筒频具具有單-外徑及 二個主階梯狀之不同内柯 配人而^ 飾難之魄可與第二模仁做一般 =係2是與第—筒形模具之較小外徑相互配合。藉此配 5關係，可確保在模造成形的冷卻過程中，第二筒形模具之内徑可以 因其南熱驗係量而卿1賴具施加適當的壓力，而使模仁能對 玻璃鏡片施加適當的壓力；同時，在冷卻完成欲取出玻璃鏡片成品時， 只要用夾具夾住第二筒形模具的外圍，再藉由第二筒形模具與第一筒 形模具之_階梯㈣、外徑干涉侧，即可直接將模仁與第一筒形 模具分離，而取出位於模穴中的光學鏡片成品；同時相對的，在進行 下個製程循猶，賊具的組合步驟也較習知者簡便。 與本發明之先前技術相比較，本發明光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形裝置 係藉由異質合金材料製成之兩個具有階梯狀構形的筒形模具組合成單 -套同核具組與賴模造用賴仁配合來完成賴之模造成形，其拆 卸方便具有較好的拆卸便雛，並可藉絲龍具組與域具之精確 配合及對相互間之熱膨脹量之差異控制，從而使得光學玻璃鏡片具有 較咼的精密度。此外，該模造成形裝置之維修方法簡單，從而提昇生 產的效率。 【實施方式】 本發明光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形裝置之基本構造及光學玻璃鏡片 之模造成形過程如第四A至四C圖所示。本發明光學玻璃鏡片之模造 成形裝置之基本構造包括由上模仁11與下模仁12組合成的主模具及 由異質合金材料製成之上、下筒形模具13、15組合成的套筒模具組。 11 200536792 其中主模具n、u係形成可收容麵材料14之模六並可沿該玻璃材 料之變形方向開啓或閉合，而藉套筒模具組13、15之高度來控繼模 造鏡片之厚度；而在冷卻過程巾，可彻上模仁u、下模仁12、上筒 形模具13、下筒形模具15及玻撕料14之熱收縮效應達到精確控制 玻璃鏡片中心厚度及面形精度的功能（容後詳述）。其中，上模仁u、200536792 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a method and a method of forming a mold for an optical glass sheet, and in particular, it can not only stably and accurately control the center of an optical glass mold lens Thickness and lens surface shape transfer characteristics, and a mold forming device and method for forming an optical glass lens that are easy to disassemble, assemble and maintain. [Previous technology] According to the excellent light transmittance of glass lenses, it has been used as an important substrate for optical products. As for the manufacturing methods of aspherical glass lenses, it can be roughly divided into two types: grinding method and mold shift method. This method is very suitable for the production of small size aspheric mirrors. The known aspheric optical glass lens molding method basically uses a mold or a sleeve with a pair of upper and lower mold cores to form a cavity, and uses the high-temperature softening characteristics of glass materials in this mold. By pressing the upper mold core or the lower mold core, the glass material is shaped into a double shape and close to the surface shape and thickness of the pre-molded product, and then the glass material is cooled and contracted and the viscosity is increased. In order to give the molded lens an appropriate secondary dust formation, the surface shapes of the upper and lower mold cores will be transferred to the glass material, and finally the optical glass lens with the desired surface shape will be obtained. In the conventional glass mold forming device with a sleeve and a mold core, the method of controlling the thickness of the lens is mainly achieved by using the servo motor to control the pressing or pressing distance of the pressure plate in the mold, or using a pneumatic cylinder. Press the mold group formed by the length of the mold core and the height of the cylindrical mold, and use the mold group to control the thickness of the molded lens. Examples of the above-mentioned conventional technologies are disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57697, Japanese Patent Application No. 200536792, 5 Japanese Patent Application No. U ~ 217227, Japanese Patent Application No. 6-24992, Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-29763, and Patent No. 657. Content. 1. Among them, the basic structure of the molding device of the conventional silk glass lens disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 7-57697 is shown in Figure _, which is an upper mold core M and a lower mold core 92 and cooperates with a single sleeve. The mold 93 is used to perform the glass molding process of the optical glass lens 94. The sleeve mold 93 is used to control the center thickness of the molded glass lens, and the surface of the glass lens is formed by the mold core, sleeve mold, and glass. The heat shrinkage effect of the material is controlled. When choosing the production kit of the set 93, in order to ensure that it can be oxidized at high temperature and maintain the precision of the matching with the mold core in the high temperature environment, the thermal expansion coefficient of the material on which the tool is based must usually be similar to the mold core material. It cannot be too high; and if the sleeve mold has sufficient cooling shrinkage to ensure the accuracy of surface shape transfer, the thermal expansion coefficient of the material it depends on must be much larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass material. The temperature characteristics of high thermal expansion materials are often unsatisfactory. Therefore, although the structure of the mold-forming device is simple, it is difficult to promote its use because of the difficulty in selecting the mold materials. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-2535 discloses another conventional mold forming device. The basic structure and the forming process of the glass lens are shown in Figures 2A to 2C. It uses an upper mold core 81 and a lower mold core 82. The inner sleeve mold 83 and the outer sleeve mold 85 are used to perform the glass molding process of the optical glass lens. Among them, the material of the inner sleeve mold 83 is similar to that of the upper and lower mold cores to ensure high temperature oxidation resistance and maintain the precision of the cooperation between the mold and the mold core in a high temperature environment, and the outer sleeve mold 85 has a large thermal expansion coefficient. As shown in Figure 2A, the upper mold core 81, the lower mold core 82, the inner sleeve mold 83, the outer sleeve mold 85, and the glass material 84 introduced into the nuclear cavity 200536792 are all in the initial state of the molding process. The lower end surface of the sleeve mold 85 is in contact with the lower thermoforming plate 86. As shown in FIG. 2B, the upper heating platen 87 first presses the softened glass material 84, so that the glass material is deformed initially. Then perform appropriate cooling, and then continue to let the upper heating platen 87 move downwards until the upper end surface of the outer sleeve mold 85 is in full contact with the upper heating platen, as shown in Figure 20, so as to control the fiber core of the glass. thickness. In the subsequent cooling process, the larger thermal shrinkage of the outer sleeve mold is used again to lose the inner sleeve mold and the mold core to ensure the precision of the surface shape transfer of the glass lens. However, because the thermal expansion coefficient of the outer sleeve mold 85 is greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of the inner sleeve mold, and during the cooling process, the shrinkage speed of the outer sleeve mold 85 is also significantly greater than the inner sleeve 83, which can tear glass. The benefits of Motojo molding and silk can ensure the accuracy of glass lens surface transfer ', but it also brings a lot of inconvenience. For example, after cooling down every time, the Bixian mold is opened to take out the finished product and put it in a new glass plastic material. However, due to the precise cooperation between the mold and its sleeve and the amount of thermal expansion interference caused by the temperature rise, the upper and lower mold cores 81 or 82 cannot be removed freely, and the outer sleeve must be clamped by a specific clamp. 85 Then, take out the upper or lower mold core 81 or 82 together with the inner sleeve puller 83; next, once again use the clamp button inner sleeve to rely on the tool 83, and then remove the lower or lower mold core 81 or 82 to remove the mold cavity. Finished glass lens: In addition, in the next step-by-step system, the mold set must also be assembled in accordance with the reverse steps of the front axis disassembly. S1 This method is very complicated and inconvenient to disassemble and assemble the entire mold of the method for forming an optical glass sheet and its device. 200536792 The bottom surface of the outer diameter protruding part up to the upper cymbal 71 is in contact with the upper end surface of the outer sleeve mold 75, and the glass lens 74 obtained in the initial deformation state is shown in the third c figure. After proper materials are used, the shrinkage of the attached sleeve is greater than that of the inner sleeve 7 and 72, and the glass lens 74, which can promote the upper heating platen again. A conventional mold disclosed in U.S.A. No. 657 results in a shape attack. The basic structure and the forming process of the glass lens are shown in Figures 3A to 3D. It uses the upper mold core 7 and the lower mold core 72 and cooperates with the inner sleeve. The barrel mold 73 and the outer sleeve mold 75 having a large thermal expansion coefficient perform a glass molding process for optical glass lenses. As shown in Figure ^ A, the upper mold core 71, the lower mold core 72, the inner sleeve mold 73, the outer sleeve mold π, and the glass ㈣ 74 introduced into the cavity towel are all in the initial state of the molding process, and the lower mold core 72 is shot. The bottom surface of the outer diameter protrusion can be in contact with the lower heating plate (not shown), and the lower end faces of the inner and outer sleeve molds are in plane contact with the upper diameter protrusion of the lower mold core, and the upper mold core is outside. Only the protruding top surface is in contact with the upper heating plate (not shown). As shown in Figure 3B, when the process temperature is increased to the softening point of the glass, the outer sleeve mold: the height of 75 will be greater than the height of the inner sleeve tool 73 due to the effect of thermal expansion. Force downward until the upper end surface of the inner sleeve mold 73 is in contact with the bottom surface of the outer diameter of the upper mold core 71, so as to control the middle degree of the glass and to ensure that the glass is turned flat. ,Such as. As a result, Eguan caused the mating structure of the inner and outer sleeve molds 73 and 75 and the upper and lower mold cores ^ and π-please, the conventional mold forming device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7_2535 is described. Similarly, the disadvantages are also the same, that is, there is a problem that the disassembly of the mold and the assembly mechanism are relatively complicated. It should be noted that during the use of the above-mentioned conventional mold forming device, with the repair or correction of the mold surface, the height of the mold core will be shortened due to the material loss caused by grinding, and eventually the thickness of the finished lens lens will increase. Or out of specification. The known method is to grind the cylindrical mold to adjust its height, thereby compensating for the height loss and ensuring the thickness of the finished lens. However, this maintenance method is complicated and the mold height cannot be adjusted in time, and it is necessary to improve it. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method for forming a job pattern by forming an optical surface of a surface to overcome all the problems existing in the conventional technology. [Summary of the Invention] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a mold forming device, a molding method, and an optical supplement lens obtained by a position and a financial method, wherein the mold of the optical glass lens has a relatively disassembled position. It is more complex, and can control the thickness of the center of the optical glass repair and the characteristics of the transfer of the mirror wire surface, so as to obtain high-precision optical glass lenses. Another object of the present invention is to provide a molding device for optical glass lenses, which can not only obtain optical glass lenses with high precision, but also has a simple maintenance method for the device. According to the above-mentioned object of the present invention, the present invention provides a mold-forming configuration of an optical glass sheet, which has a main mold capable of being opened and closed by external force, and is made of a heterogeneous alloy material and uses its height to A sleeve mold set for controlling the thickness of a molded lens. Among them, the main mold includes a first mold core and a second mold core, and a mold 200536792 cavity is formed between the first and second mold cores to receive the molded lens; the sleeve set is formed around the main mold and includes the first and second mold cores. Mold and a second cylindrical mold that matches a part of the first cylindrical mold's shape, and the materials of the first and second cylindrical molds have different thermal expansion coefficients and have stepped configurations. The first mold of the towel main mold is matched with the cylindrical mold, and the second mold of the main mold is matched with the first cylindrical mold and the third lion mold, and the total thermal expansion of the sleeve mold group is greater than The sum of the expansion of the main mold and the molded product. The above-mentioned molding device is used for the molding of optical glass lenses. The molding process includes the following steps: first, the sleeve is surrounded by the recording tool, and the glass material to be molded is guided into the main mold; the weaving and lifting process Temperature to the softening point of the matrix material ', where the thermal expansion rate of the sleeve mold group will be greater than the thermal expansion speed of the main mold and the glass material; then the first molding of the glass miscellaneous material will be performed, that is, the domain will use the external force to conduct the glass material Pressing, the end face of the straight wire group has no contact with the mold, so that the shape of the initial V 1 is obtained; the glass lens of the brother; then, due to the shrinkage and shrinkage speed of the sleeve mold group, it is greater than that of the domain and glass lens. Shrinkage and shrinkage speed, so you can continue to apply pressure to the main mold, and continue to improve the driving force of glass materials under the conditions of temperature decline and gradual improvement of glass composition, in order to control the optical glass molding lens stably and intensively. in. The process of transferring the thickness and mold core of the main board and the surface shape of the lens, and enabling the mold to perform a second pressurization operation on a suitable machine to obtain a finished optical glass lens. In the above-mentioned molding device, a member 'is also arranged between the first and second cylindrical molds to adjust the total length of the sleeve mold group by using the thickness of the member, wherein the first cylindrical mold has a single-inner diameter and two Different stepped outer diameters, the inner diameter of the _ cylindrical mold can be 200536792 at the same time with the first and second dies ~ / read, and the second cylinder frequency has a single-outer diameter and two main Different step-shaped Neikes match with each other and ^ The difficulty of decorating can be done with the second mold kernel = system 2 is to cooperate with the smaller outer diameter of the first-cylindrical mold. With this relationship, it can be ensured that during the cooling of the forming process, the inner diameter of the second cylindrical mold can be adjusted by the south thermal system to apply appropriate pressure, so that the mold core can apply to the glass lens. At the same time, at the same time, when the finished glass lens is to be taken out after the cooling is completed, as long as the periphery of the second cylindrical mold is clamped by a clamp, the stepped outer and outer edges of the second cylindrical mold and the first cylindrical mold are used. Diameter interference side, you can directly separate the mold core from the first cylindrical mold, and take out the finished optical lens in the cavity; at the same time, in the next process, the combination of thieves is more familiar Person is simple. Compared with the prior art of the present invention, the molding device of the optical glass lens of the present invention is composed of two cylindrical molds with a stepped configuration made of a heterogeneous alloy material to form a single-set of the same core set and Laiming. Using Lai Ren's cooperation to complete Lai's mold formation, its disassembly is convenient and has good disassembly stools, and it can take advantage of the precise cooperation of silk dragon sets and domains and control the difference in thermal expansion between each other, so that the optical glass The lenses have relatively high precision. In addition, the maintenance method of the molding device is simple, thereby improving the production efficiency. [Embodiment] The basic structure of the molding device of the optical glass lens of the present invention and the molding process of the optical glass lens are as shown in the fourth A to four C diagrams. The basic structure of the molding device of the optical glass lens of the present invention includes a main mold composed of an upper mold core 11 and a lower mold core 12 and a sleeve composed of an upper and lower cylindrical molds 13 and 15 made of a heterogeneous alloy material. Mold set. 11 200536792 Among them, the main molds n and u form mold 6 capable of accommodating the surface material 14 and can be opened or closed along the deformation direction of the glass material, and the thickness of the subsequent molded lenses is controlled by the height of the sleeve mold groups 13, 15; During the cooling process, the heat shrinkage effect of the upper mold core u, the lower mold core 12, the upper cylindrical mold 13, the lower cylindrical mold 15, and the glass tearing material 14 can accurately control the center thickness and shape accuracy of the glass lens. Function (detailed later). Among them, the upper mold kernel u,
下㈣12及上獅模具13皆以具有較優耐高溫特性之超硬合金製 成，如碳化魏結材料，其與玻璃材料14具有同樣的或接近的較低之 熱膨脹係數，其熱膨脹係數約在4 Q χ 1gVc〜6 g X爪6/。〇之間， 而下筒形模具15則以熱膨脹係數較大之耐高溫合金崎製成，其熱膨 脹係數約在1〇 x 1()-V°C以上，如不錄鋼sus_316、sus_3i〇等。The lower cymbals 12 and the upper lion mold 13 are made of superhard alloys with superior high temperature resistance characteristics, such as carbide carbide materials, which have the same or close lower thermal expansion coefficients as the glass material 14, and their thermal expansion coefficients are about 4 Q χ 1gVc ~ 6 g X claw 6 /. 〇, and the lower cylindrical mold 15 is made of high temperature resistant alloy saki with a large thermal expansion coefficient, and its thermal expansion coefficient is about 10x 1 ()-V ° C or more, such as steel sus_316, sus_3i〇, etc. .
上筒形模具13係呈階餘，其具有單—_及二健階梯狀之 同外徑，細细時與上、下模仁u、12做精密配合，製作時需 在該上筒形模具13之内緣部以放電加卫的方式沿轴向加卫數個逃氣 130並使其平均分佈在圓周方向，以供模穴内殘留氣體逸散。該等逃 溝⑽之長度以可橫跨由上、下模仁面所構成之模穴間隙並可通達」 Γ輪具131咖，W[寬絲度同樣以能 逸氣功能爲原則。 下筒形模具丨5細繼，其具有單_外处高階梯狀之不 同内控，其中W懈模仁12做—般配合，而另—較娜 職㈣謝之-較伽她合。製_需在下筒形模 "舁逃乳間隙131相鄰之筒腹上加工數個逃氣孔15〇並將其平均分 12 200536792 佈在圓周方向，以供模穴_留氣體逃逸，該等逃氣孔⑽貫穿下筒 形模具15並用以連通逃氣間隙131與外部環境其孔徑大小與形狀以 能達到逃氣功能爲原則。 通過對上述、纟σ構之描述可以得知，本發明引人了上、下筒形模具對 玻璃模造成職置進行了突破性的改造。上、下筒形模具ΐ3、15均具 有階梯狀之結構’且兩者之間僅有_部分結構相互配合，其配合長度 即可確保正常之組立安全性，科上、下筒形模具13、15間的階梯狀 結構又可確触模具分_雜巾，可讓下壯12能—姐的即從筒 形模具中取出，並且在取出光學麵鏡片成品之後，又能快速簡便的 將下模仁«回筒賴具巾。故，树明讀造裝置之社過程簡單 易行’且I破性料將有祕提升玻賴造製程之穩定度並獲得具 高精密面形精度之模造鏡片。詳細製程如下文所述。 如第四Α騎示是本發縣學_之模造成形的減狀態，其中異 質材料套賴具組13、15與模仁u、12組立並置人玻璃鏡片素材14。 虽製程溫度提升至玻璃材料軟化點時，因熱膨脹效應之作用，套筒模 具組13、15之⑤度將減仁與玻撕料之熱練量大，於此時加壓成 形’即對玻璃材料進行第-次模造成形，直至上模仁η之外徑凸出部 的底面貼合於套賴纽端蚊上，喊初錄形㈣之玻璃鏡 片14，如第四Β圖所示。在成形程中，模穴内的殘留或製程中的衍 生氣體，將沿著逃氣溝130、逃氣131及逃氣孔15〇逸散至外部環 J兄中。如第四c圖所示，在冷卻過程中，套筒模具組13、15之收縮量 13 200536792 與收縮速度遠大於模仁Η、12與玻璃鏡片14，更進一步講，是具有階 梯狀内k之下同形模具15之收縮速度快，下筒形模具π將對上筒形 模具13産生適#壓力，而上筒形模具13將對上、下模仁丨卜12提供 一適當失持力，以確保該整個模具組在冷卻—定時間後，仍繼續對模 仁把加壓力’藉此可在溫度下降、玻璃黏滞度逐步提升的狀況下仍持 α提供玻璃材料變形之動力，並且可以使加·備在適當的時機對玻 璃材料進行第二次模造成形，從而使得在玻璃模造製程之末段過程 中，完成光學玻璃模造鏡片中心厚度穩定且精確之控制，同時達到模 仁與鏡片表面面形轉寫之目的。 如第五圖所示，本發明光學玻璃之模造成形裝置，其模造鏡片的中 心厚度與表面面形的轉寫精度，除與整個模具組雜縮行程有關外， 尚取決於上、下模仁η、12與模具組13、15配合之導正部長度&和 c)的熱膨脹與收縮量、模造鏡片成品之厚度⑻的熱膨脹與收縮量、 套筒模具組高度（d和e)的瓣脹與收縮量，該等構件之熱膨服與收 縮量分別用Aa、Μ、&、Μ及Ae表示，且其配置原則爲：△奸 △ b+Ac〈 Ad +z\e 〇 在該光學玻璃之模造成形裝置中，藉由異質合金材料組合而成之套 筒模具組，除形成使玻璃材料在高溫成形所需之模穴外，更充分利用 熱脹冷縮之原理，藉由異質模具材料之熱膨脹與收縮差異達到可精密 控制鏡片厚度與表面面形之目的。即本發明採驗合式的上、下筒形 模具，可控制鏡片之中心厚度以使其具有高度重現性及精確度，同時 200536792 達成高精密度之面形轉寫特性。 此外，本發明光學玻璃之模造成形裝置還可設置高度控制套環 16，該構件16可組立於套賴具組13、15中，如第六麟示，其係 組裝於上、謂爾13、15⑽赚咖輸縮短時，僅 需以:厚度較低之高度控制套環來取代原來的高度控制套環即可藉 此補償模仁高度之損失，從而確保模造鏡片成品之厚度。該高度控制 套環16之材質可以與下筒形模具15之材f相同且可重複使用。 可以理解的是，該高度控制套環16 (圖t其高度表示爲f)當秋並 不是-定要組裝於上、下筒形模具13、15之間，其還可被組裝於套筒 模具組的上方或下方並提供控制模具組高度的作用。惟，具有高度控 制套環16賴城職錄祕咖献玻糖 = 模穴外，還刪嶋繼嫩配細：Δ3+δι^= d +Ae+Af 〇 同時，由於上、下筒賴具13、15之間的階梯狀外形的干涉作用， 所以在极具組冷卻至適當溫度時而欲取出鏡片成品時，可以用夹具夹 住下筒形模具15的外圍，再直接將下模仁12由筒形模具中取出，而 不會使上筒形模具13 -併的被取出；而在進行下_製賴環時，該取 出的下模仁12也可以很便利的被組裝回模具組之中。 綜上所述，本發明確已符合發明專利之要件，麦依法提出專利申 明。惟，社麟者鶴本制讀佳實施方式，舉凡熟胃本案技術 之人士援依本發狀精神所作之較修飾錢化，皆涵蓋於後附之申 15 200536792 請專利範圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 第-圖是習知之光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形裝置之基本構造 置及其模造製程的 第二A圖是另1知之光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形裝 初始狀態之示意圖。 弟-B圖疋由弟二A _示之光學玻璃鏡片之模造製程繼續進行後， 玻璃材料發生了初步變形之示意圖。 第二C圖是㈣二B _示之光學玻璃鏡片之模造製裎的最後階段並 生産出成品之示意圖。 置及其模造製程的 第三A圖是又—習知之光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形襞 初始狀態之示意圖。 第三B圖是提升製程溫度後，由第三A _示的模造成形裝置構形變 化後的示意圖。 第三C圖是由第三B圖顯示之光學玻璃鏡片之模造製程繼續進行後， 玻璃材料發生了初步變形之示意圖。 第三D圖是第三C _示之光學玻璃鏡片之模造製程的冷卻階段完成 後，生産出成品之示意圖。 第四A圖是本發明光學玻璃鏡片之模造成職置及光學玻璃鏡片之模 造成形過程的初始狀態之示意圖。 第四B圖疋在本發明光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形過程中，玻璃材料發生 了初步變形之示意圖。 16 200536792 第四c圖是在本發明光學玻璃鏡片之模造成形之冷卻階段完成後，生 産出成品之示意圖。 第五圖是本發明之光學玻璃鏡片與其模造成形裝置之尺寸表示示意 圖。 第六圖是本發明模造成形裝置之另一實施例。 【圖式符號說明】 上模仁 1卜71、81、91 上筒形模具 13 逃氣間隙 131 玻璃鏡片 14、74、84、94 逃氣孔 150 内部套筒模具73、83 下加熱成形板86 下模仁 12、72、82、92 逃氣溝 130 下筒形模具 15 高度控制套環16 外部套筒模具75、85 上加熱壓板87 套筒模具 93 17The upper cylindrical mold 13 is a stepped one, which has the same outer diameter of the single- and two-jian step-like shape. When it is thin, it is required to make precise cooperation with the upper and lower mold cores u and 12, and the upper cylindrical mold needs to be manufactured during production. The inner edge portion of 13 guards several escape gases 130 in the axial direction and discharges them evenly in the circumferential direction to discharge residual gas in the cavity. The length of these escape ditches can be reached through the gap between the mold cavity formed by the upper and lower mold kernel surfaces. Γ wheel with 131 coffee, W [The wide silk degree is also based on the principle of escape function. The lower cylindrical mold has 5 fine follow-ups, which have different internal controls with a single step outside and a high step shape. Among them, the mold mold 12 does the same work, while the other one is more suitable for the job. _Necessary to process several escape holes 15 on the adjacent tube belly of the lower cylinder die " 舁 milk escape gap 131 and distribute it evenly 12 200536792 in the circumferential direction for the mold cavity to retain gas to escape, etc. The escape hole ⑽ penetrates the lower cylindrical mold 15 and is used to communicate the escape gap 131 with the external environment. The size and shape of the aperture are based on the principle of achieving the escape function. It can be known from the above description of the 纟 σ structure that the present invention introduces the upper and lower cylindrical molds to make breakthrough changes to the positions of the glass molds. The upper and lower cylindrical molds ΐ3 and 15 have a stepped structure ', and only the _ part of the structure cooperates with each other. The length of the fit can ensure the normal assembly safety. The upper and lower cylindrical molds 13, The 15 step-like structure can surely touch the mold. The miscellaneous towel can be used to make the strong and powerful 12—the sister can take it out of the cylindrical mold, and after taking out the finished optical lens, the mold can be quickly and easily removed. Ren «back tube relies on a towel. Therefore, the process of Shuming's reading and making device is simple and easy to use ', and the material will improve the stability of Bola's manufacturing process and obtain molded lenses with high precision surface shape accuracy. The detailed process is described below. For example, the fourth A riding show is a reduction of the shape of the model of the school, in which the heterogeneous material set relies on the mold groups 13, 15 and the mold core u, 12 to be juxtaposed into the glass lens material 14. Although when the process temperature is increased to the softening point of the glass material, due to the effect of thermal expansion, the sleeve mold groups 13 and 15 have a large amount of heat reduction and glass tearing material. At this time, the pressure forming is performed on the glass. The material is shaped for the first time, until the bottom surface of the outer diameter protrusion of the upper mold core η fits on the mosquito mosquito, and the glass lens 14 of the first recorded shape is called, as shown in the fourth figure B. During the forming process, the residual gas in the cavity or the derived gas in the process will escape to the outer ring J along the escape groove 130, escape 131, and escape hole 150. As shown in Figure 4c, during the cooling process, the shrinkage amount 13 200536792 and shrinkage speed of the sleeve mold groups 13 and 15 are much larger than those of the mold core Η, 12 and the glass lens 14. Furthermore, it has a stepped inner k The lower homogeneous mold 15 has a fast shrinking speed, and the lower cylindrical mold π will generate an appropriate pressure on the upper cylindrical mold 13 and the upper cylindrical mold 13 will provide an appropriate holding force to the upper and lower mold cores. In order to ensure that the entire mold group continues to apply pressure to the mold core after cooling for a certain period of time, this can continue to provide α with the power to deform the glass material under the conditions of temperature drop and glass viscosity gradually increasing, and can Make Jiabei perform the second molding of the glass material at the appropriate time, so that in the final stage of the glass molding process, the stable and accurate control of the center thickness of the optical glass molding lens is completed, while reaching the mold core and the lens surface The purpose of facial transcription. As shown in the fifth figure, the mold forming device of the optical glass of the present invention, the center thickness of the molded lens and the transfer accuracy of the surface shape, in addition to the shrinkage stroke of the entire mold group, depends on the upper and lower mold cores. η, 12 and the lengths of the leading parts of the mold sets 13, 15 & and c) Thermal expansion and contraction, the thickness of the finished lens product ⑻ Thermal expansion and contraction, and the height of the sleeve mold set (d and e) Expansion and contraction, the thermal expansion and contraction of these components are represented by Aa, M, &, M and Ae, respectively, and its configuration principle is: △ △ △ b + Ac <Ad + z \ e 〇 In the optical glass mold forming device, a sleeve mold group composed of a heterogeneous alloy material, in addition to forming the mold cavity required for the glass material to be formed at high temperature, fully utilizes the principle of thermal expansion and contraction. The difference in thermal expansion and contraction of the mold material can achieve the purpose of precisely controlling the thickness and surface shape of the lens. That is, the combined upper and lower cylindrical molds of the present invention can control the center thickness of the lens to make it highly reproducible and accurate. At the same time, 200536792 achieves high-precision surface transfer characteristics. In addition, the mold forming device of the optical glass of the present invention can also be provided with a height control collar 16, which can be assembled in the sleeve sets 13, 15 as shown in the sixth link, which is assembled on the upper and lower sides 13, When the 15% profit is shortened, only the height control collar with a lower thickness is used to replace the original height control collar to compensate for the loss of the height of the mold core, thereby ensuring the thickness of the finished lens. The material of the height control collar 16 can be the same as the material f of the lower cylindrical mold 15 and can be reused. It can be understood that the height control collar 16 (the height is shown as f in FIG. T) is not intended to be assembled between the upper and lower cylindrical molds 13 and 15 in autumn, and it can also be assembled in the sleeve mold Above or below the group and provides the effect of controlling the height of the mold group. However, with a high-control collar 16 Lai Cheng's official record secret coffee offering glass sugar = mold cavity, but also delete the following details: Δ3 + δι ^ = d + Ae + Af 〇 At the same time, due to the upper and lower tubes rely on The interference effect of the stepped shape between 13 and 15, so when the group is cooled to an appropriate temperature and the finished lens is to be taken out, the periphery of the lower cylindrical mold 15 can be clamped by a clamp, and then the lower mold core 12 can be directly It can be taken out from the cylindrical mold without the upper cylindrical mold 13 being removed; and when the bottom ring is made, the removed lower mold core 12 can also be easily assembled back into the mold group. in. In summary, the present invention has indeed met the requirements of the invention patent, and Mai made a patent declaration in accordance with the law. However, the implementation of the best reading method of the crane-based system of the society, including those who are familiar with the technology of this case, and based on the spirit of this hairpin, are more covered by the modified application 15 200536792 patents. [Brief description of the figure] The first figure is the basic structure of the conventional optical glass lens forming device and its molding process. The second A is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the other known optical glass lens forming device. Brother-B Figure 示意图 Schematic diagram of the initial deformation of the glass material after the molding process of the optical glass lens shown in Brother A_ is continued. The second diagram C is a schematic diagram of the final stage of the molding of the optical glass lens shown in Fig. 2B_ and a finished product is produced. Figure 3A of the fabrication and molding process is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the mold forming of the conventional optical glass lens. The third diagram B is a schematic diagram after the process temperature is increased, and the configuration of the shaping device is changed by the mould shown in the third A_. The third diagram C is a schematic diagram of the initial deformation of the glass material after the molding process of the optical glass lens shown in the third diagram B is continued. The third diagram D is a schematic diagram of the finished product after the cooling stage of the molding process of the optical glass lens shown in the third diagram C_ is completed. The fourth diagram A is a schematic diagram of the initial state of the mold forming process of the optical glass lens and the forming process of the optical glass lens of the present invention. FIG. 4B is a schematic diagram of the initial deformation of the glass material during the forming process of the optical glass lens of the present invention. 16 200536792 Figure 4c is a schematic diagram of the finished product after the cooling stage of the molding of the optical glass lens of the present invention is completed. The fifth figure is a schematic diagram showing the dimensions of the optical glass lens and its molding device of the present invention. The sixth figure is another embodiment of the molding device of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols] Upper mold core 71, 81, 91 Upper cylindrical mold 13 Escape gap 131 Glass lens 14, 74, 84, 94 Escape hole 150 Inner sleeve mold 73, 83 Under heating forming plate 86 Under Mold cores 12, 72, 82, 92 Escape groove 130 Lower cylindrical mold 15 Height control collar 16 Outer sleeve mold 75, 85 Upper heating platen 87 Sleeve mold 93 17