200524198 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種鉛蓄電池用活性添加劑，該活性添加 碳微粒表面附有羧基、羥基與羰基等化學官能基所構成，係 溶液中將碳微粒與具有羥基、羰基或羧基的數種物質按比例進^200524198 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to an active additive for lead storage batteries. The surface of the active added carbon particles is composed of chemical functional groups such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and carbonyl groups. Proportion to several substances with hydroxyl, carbonyl or carboxyl ^
混合，並對其加溫所配製而成，再將此劑添入至電解液中彤 I 懸浮液，具有促使错蓄電池活性化的功能。使用本活性添^ = 鉛蓄電=，尤其是肇因於硫酸鹽化嚴重等因素而導致蓄電性^ 減的鉛蓄電池，其蓄電性能將因本劑的添入而獲得提升，甚 再生性能劣化或廢棄之鉛蓄電池。對已加入本活性添加劑的鉛 電池進行充放電，將加速鉛蓄電池蓄電性能的恢復， : 電池應有的蓄電能力。 逐〗私畜 【先前技術】 錯蓄電池的正極極板活性物質為二氧化鉛（Pb〇^)，而 極極板活性物質為鉛（PbM)，兩極板之間所填充的導電介質 (電解液）為稀硫酸，則鉛蓄電池進行充放電的反應式如下：It is prepared by mixing and warming it, and then adding this agent to the suspension of Tong I in the electrolyte, which has the function of promoting the activation of the wrong battery. The use of this active additive ^ = lead storage = especially lead storage batteries with reduced storage ^ caused by factors such as severe sulfation, its storage performance will be improved due to the addition of this agent, even if the regeneration performance is deteriorated or Discarded lead batteries. Charging and discharging a lead battery to which this active additive has been added will accelerate the recovery of the storage performance of the lead storage battery, and the storage capacity that the battery should have. [Prior art] [Prior technology] The positive electrode active material of the wrong battery is lead dioxide (PbO ^), and the active material of the electrode plate is lead (PbM). The conductive medium (electrolyte) filled between the two electrode plates For dilute sulfuric acid, the reaction formula for charging and discharging lead batteries is as follows:
PbO 迎+2邮0幽+P-——PbS〇4i,+2H2〇 + PbS〇4i5} 在鉛蓄電池放電時，兩極極板活性物質均轉化為硫酸鉛 (Pbso^o ，當極板上大部分的活性物質都轉化成硫酸 (PbSC^)時，則鉛蓄電池將會停止放電，屆時可藉由對該鉛^ 電池進行充電來恢復其蓄電性能，充電後的鉛蓄電池將再具有放 電的能力，但是，鉛蓄電池經過多次充放電的循環後，即^嚴重 的硫k鹽化（PbSO幽為絕緣體）以及極板活性物質的脫落，致使 錯蓄電池的蓄電容量及能力降低而不堪再使用。 性能劣化之鉛蓄電池的使用會造成汽機車不完全的燃油而引 200524198 起廢=染，是目社氣污染的主要原因之— 電池的畜電性能維持在極佳的狀態，將有助於空氣品質的提要^畜 基於壤境保護’廢棄電池需被 蓄ϊΐίίί成財魏無法正常運作的癥結著二 > 蓄f池的充電，均採以小電流長時間的充電手 負極極板上的活性物質脫落，並且使極板板拇結構發生變形讓於 技術上，使性能劣化或廢棄的财電池再生如新的技術尚 尚改進’目刖雖有用來改善鱗電池f電性能的添加劑卻只能 些微地提升劣化或廢棄之财電池的#電性能n法再生 或廢棄的財電池。以下敘述現行技術巾，时 電，蓄電性能的方法’主要有加人導電性良好的碳 液中’但所添加㈣㈣碳粉絲料在電池底部麟而導致 '也發生短路等問題，亦有採用電解氧化法以製得改良型的碳粒懸 沣液者，例如中華民國專利申請案號8411〇〇38號，然而電解氧 化法極為複雜麻煩且耗電，而且利用此法所製得之碳粒'懸浮液的 使用方式殊為不便，所添加的劑量也不易控制，此外，藉由電解 氧化反應而在碳粒表面生成具有親水性的羧基（_c〇〇H)、羥基 (-COH)與羰基（_C0)等化學官能基，然而大部分的改良型^ 粒並未如預期地吸附在電池正極極板上，反而碳粒會互相吸附而 導致其在電解液中的分佈極不均勻，更重要的是，此劑在硫酸等 酸性溶液中並不穩定，由於上述的這些因素，可得知藉由電解氧 化法所製得之添加劑的性能並不佳。 因此本發明之主要目的在於提供一種活性添加劑，以 述問題。 200524198 【發明内容】 口本發明之一目的在於提供一種活性添加劑，其可適用於新 f、正被，用中、性能劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池，使添加此劑的鉛 蓄電池提局性能而延長壽命，甚至能活化再生廢棄祕蓄電池。 本創作被添加到電池的電解液中，藉由添加適量的劑量並 配充放電循壤’可有效地使錯蓄電池迅速被活化。下述用 地闡述本創作的内容。 rmr、1·本活性添加劑的溶質為表面附有羧基（-C00H)、羥基（-與羰基（-C0)等化學官能基的碳微粒，而溶劑則為純水。PbO welcomes +2, 0, 0+, P -—— PbS〇4i, + 2H2〇 + PbS〇4i5} When the lead-acid battery is discharged, the active materials of the two polar plates are converted into lead sulfate (Pbso ^ o). When some of the active materials are converted into sulfuric acid (PbSC ^), the lead storage battery will stop discharging. At that time, the lead storage battery can be recharged to restore its storage performance. The charged lead storage battery will have the ability to discharge again. However, after many cycles of charge and discharge of lead-acid batteries, that is, severe sulfur k salinization (PbSO is an insulator) and the loss of active materials on the plates, the storage capacity and capacity of the wrong battery are reduced and can no longer be used. The use of lead-acid batteries with degraded performance will cause incomplete fuel for automobiles and motorcycles. 200524198 Waste = dyeing is one of the main causes of gas pollution in the company—the battery's electrical performance is maintained in an excellent state, which will help the air Quality summary ^ Animals based on protection of the soil 'waste batteries need to be stored. The reason why the Wei and Wei ca n’t work properly is the second reason. The storage battery is charged with a small current for a long time. substance Falling off, and deforming the structure of the plate and plate, allowing technology to degrade performance or regenerating waste batteries. The new technology is still improved. Although the additives used to improve the electrical performance of scale batteries are only slightly The method of improving the electrical performance of degraded or discarded batteries is to regenerate or discard the batteries. The methods of current technology, electricity, and storage performance are described below. Carbon powder is expected to cause problems such as short-circuiting at the bottom of the battery, and there are also those who use electrolytic oxidation to obtain improved carbon particle suspensions, such as the Republic of China Patent Application No. 8411〇38, However, the electrolytic oxidation method is extremely complicated, troublesome, and consumes electricity. Moreover, the use of the carbon particle 'suspension prepared by this method is particularly inconvenient, and the added dose is not easy to control. In addition, the carbon particles are Chemical functional groups such as carboxyl (_c〇OH), hydroxyl (-COH), and carbonyl (_C0) with hydrophilic properties are formed on the surface, but most of the modified particles have not been adsorbed on the positive electrode of the battery as expected On the board, instead, carbon particles will adsorb each other, resulting in extremely uneven distribution in the electrolyte. More importantly, this agent is not stable in acidic solutions such as sulfuric acid. Due to these factors, it can be known that The performance of the additives produced by the electrolytic oxidation method is not good. Therefore, the main object of the present invention is to provide an active additive to address the problems. 200524198 [Summary of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide an active additive, which is applicable In the new f, being used, the use of medium, degraded or discarded lead-acid batteries can improve the performance of lead-acid batteries added with this agent, extend the life, and even activate the regenerative waste secret battery. This creation is added to the battery electrolyte , By adding the appropriate amount and matching the charge and discharge cycle, the wrong battery can be activated quickly. The following sites explain the content of this creation. rmr, 1. The solutes of this active additive are carbon particles with chemical functional groups such as carboxyl (-C00H) and hydroxyl (-and carbonyl (-C0) groups attached to the surface, and the solvent is pure water.
I 的纽2二性?加劑適用於新品、正被使財、性能劣化或廢棄 m能使添加此獅料電池提升性能祕長使用^ 仏蓄於新品、正被使用中、性能劣化或廢棄的 錯#織或廢棄的 斜蓄電池的蓄m能 電魏可在短_㈣速地恢復 膏狀或粉末狀的 仍保有本劑Μ有的功 物質5: 皮製成稀薄或濃祠液體、 將其添入至鉛畜電池的電解液中， 效。 板上6。·本活性添加射贿蓄電池的製造過程中被添附至電池極 、正被使用中、 本發明之財f _活性添加劑_於新品 200524198 '^化或廢棄的斜蓄電池，使添加此綱財電池提高性能而 ^可〒，甚至能活化再生廢棄的鉛蓄電池；當電池進行充電 時，能以大電流在短時間内完成充電；此外，可直接加入本活性 口 電池的電解液中而不需倒除部分電解液，並可依據 二、、額定蓄電容量而添人適量㈣量以維持電池性能的穩定， 需添加少許賴量即可對電池發揮功效而使電池達到極佳 ’電池原有的電解液並不需去除而避免電池電解液 度降低’所以，本雜添加齡使財便且功效顯著的 創作’這些優點都是他者所無法匹敵的。 下的發明詳述及所附圖 、關於本發明之優點與精神可以藉由以 式得到進一步的瞭解。 【實施方式】 下述係以活性添加劑的特性來詳細闞明本創作。 -其財電池用活性添加劑係為碳微粒表面附有竣基、 ίί:二ΐίί化學官能基的水溶液；就本劑的組成成分及物性化 从〜:a解、電池失效的原理，並辅以添加本劑之錯蓄電池的實 作乾例’用以說明本劑對於鉛蓄電池的功效。 1·材料的選擇： (1)本發明之活性添加劑所使用的材料為碳； 曰 晶質、粉末狀或細顆粒狀、天然或人工的碳材料都^ 作，但其顆粒直徑宜為10〜_腹(nm為奈米，lnm=109 么尺）之範圍，倘若顆粒直徑過大，則碳微粒在溶液中的分佈較 =均勻，反之，顆粒直徑過細，則碳微粒子容易互相吸附成大粒 適心在所有碳材料中，以採用奈米科技處理的石墨碳微 理想的材質，而且，碳材料所含的雜質，諸 含量應少於0.1%為宜。。 T 〃 200524198 (2)本活性添加劑所使用的溶劑宜為純水，至於一般 i榮ί ί所含的離子雜f少於αι%，尤其是鐵、鎮、鉻、辞、 錦等金屬離子及坤、硫等的含量少於_%者，也可被 加劑賴的溶劑。若使用品質較差的水為溶劑，則水溶 液中的離子雜質將劣化電池蓄微能；水溶财的鐵離子含量若 大於〇·〇1%，則電池極板將受到破壞而使其質地變得硬且脆，大 於0.5/時，則鉛蓄電池會發生自放電現象，在短時間内會流失 二蓄，的電量，此乃因二價鐵離子（Fe2+)會在錯蓄電池的正極 处被氧化而在負極處被還原，造成了自放電現象；在含有稀硫酸 的電解液中，水溶液中所含的錳離子（Mn2+)會氧 板也會遭到腐蝕破壞；銨根（Nh4+)離子亦會引起自放電；銅離 子（Cib+)會在電池負極處析出並覆蓋遮蔽負極極板的活性物質 金口（PbM)而有損電池的效能；某些有機物，如低分子有機酸、 酚類、醛類、有機胺等，會在鉛蓄電池中轉化為有機酸，如草 酸、醋酸等，這些有機酸在充電過程中會氧化負極極板的活性物 質鉛γ (Pb\)而成氧化錯（pb0j^)等；所以，採用經逆滲透水 處理系統或蒸餾裝置所取得的純水作為本劑的溶劑是較理翅的 擇。 ^ 、 (3)本活性添加劑使用數種具有羧基（-C〇〇H)、羥基（_ _ COH)或羰基（_C0)等官能基的有機物，這些有機物將在水溶 液中於碳微粒的表面形成化學鍵結，而生成在碳微粒表面附有羧 基（-COOH)、經基（_C0H)與幾基（_C0)的水溶液。 2·製作程序： 本發明之活性添加劑係為碳微粒表面附有羧基（_C00H)、 經基（_COH)與羰基（_C0)等化學官能基的水溶液。以下即為 本活性添加劑的製程。 9 200524198 首先’於谷器中裝入純水（PH值為7)，再將碳微粒與數種 具有羧基（-COOH)、羥基（-COH)與幾基（_c〇)等親^性化 學官能基的有機物置入純水中，接著，使用具有加熱及攪拌裝置 的機器以均勻混合該水溶液，則本活性添加劑即完成。 3·本發明的創作原理： 本發明係一種適用於錯蓄電池之活性添加劑。就正常的硫酸 鹽化作用而言，在鉛蓄電池放電後，正極極板活性物質二氧化鉛 (PbO^)會轉變為質地稀鬆的硫酸敍小顆粒結晶，並均勻地^ 佈在，池極板上，在鉛蓄電池充電後，硫酸鉛小顆粒結晶會轉變 為二氧化鉛及鉛。但是，由於電池保存不當、長期處於充電不 足、半放電或過量放電的狀態、放電後未能即時充電、電池内部 短，、電解液的液面過低而使極板外露出電解液、電解液的密度 與/辰度過鬲或電池所處的溫度過高等，都可能會導致不正常硫酸 2的發生’此乃肇因於在極板上形成導電性差的大顆粒硫酸錯 、、、口晶，其會堵塞電池極板上的微孔而妨礙電解液的擴散與滲透作 用，也會使得電池的内電阻增大，而在進行充電過程後仍^ 極板活性物質為二氧化鉛⑽也)且負極極板活 社曰沾的狀態’即成為不可逆反應；大顆粒硫酸錯 二曰a的生成使得極板中參與充放電反應的活性物質減量且劣化， 2電池的蓄電效能衰減至不堪被使用的狀態 大顆粒硫酸鉛結晶之生成的解決方法，諸如 g作部此在短時間内有效地提升電池效能，錄為經濟實用的^ 璜而種適用於料電池之活性添加劑。仙部結構毁 ΐϊΐΓ可發制電池板栅因腐錄重而使其機械強 ϊΐί t 板蠻曲或斷裂的發生，鉛f電池的使用壽命 、、、 」，在正常使用下，電池也會出現如此現象，但不 200524198 备的操作會加速電池極板的毀損，縮減錯蓄電池的使用壽命；在 以大電流進行充放電或在高溫環境下進行充電等情況下，會使得 極板活性物質的反應趨於過度強烈，容易導致不均勻電化學反應 的發生丄因而致使極板彎曲或斷裂；此外，鉛蓄電池放電後未能 立即進行充電’其也會使得極板板栅與硫酸及硫雜的接觸過於 頻繁’。因而加速極板板柵的腐蝕毁損，造成板柵栅條或極板的斷 裂=損；、過量充放電將使得電池極板承受過大的熱應力而造成極 板、#曲或斷，’此肇因於極板遭遇到過於強烈轉脹或收縮而導 致，無法恢復原狀；再者，極板活性物質的嚴重脫落不僅會造成 錯蓄電池的#電量衰減’沈積於料電池底部的脫落物質將導致 在正負極極板之間發生短路；上述的諸多狀況皆促使電池的使用鲁 壽命提早終止。 · 本發明係一種適用於錯畜電池之活性添加劑。錯蓄電池歷經 多次的充，電後，在正常操作與無外力侵害的情況下，理論上電 池的使用壽命應該極為長久，但是，事實上，隨著電池被使用時 間的增長，電池將面臨蓄電性能衰減及内電阻增大等問題的發 /生，對其進行充電時，會發現到充電電壓急遽地竄升，充電電流 卻陡速地下降，導致電池無法恢復至原有的蓄電電量，而當此電 池放電時，放電電壓急速下降，放電時間甚短，電池因此不堪再 使用，此癥結所在即為在電池電化學反應所產生的大顆粒硫酸鉛籲 結晶，大顆粒硫酸鉛結晶的生成將消耗電解液與正負極極板上參 與反應的活性物質，造成電解液的比重變小以及電解液與極板的 接觸面積減小，電池的蓄電量因而下降，嚴重時會衰減極板板栅 對極板活性物質的支撐力，促使極板結構發生彎曲或斷·裂以及極 板活性物質的脫落，電池即因此損壞。從此觀點來看，阻止或減 緩硫酸錯結晶的生成，甚至是消除已經生成的硫酸紹結晶，應是 增進鉛蓄電池的使用壽命及效能的關鍵所在。 本發明之錯蓄電池用之活性添加劑係為碳微粒表面附有竣基 (-COOH)、羥基（-COH)與幾基（-CO)等化學官能基的水溶 11 200524198 液。在電池進行充放電的過程中，此物的碳微粒端會吸附在正 極極板的硫酸鉛結晶上，而碳微粒表面所附有的羧基、羥基與鲈 基4會在硫酸錯晶粒表面形成導電層，藉由這些化學官能基所具 有的親水性以分解硫酸鉛晶粒，進而將極板上的活性物^二復^ Pb_ PbOa^，在反應流程中所釋出的硫酸根離子（sa2)'也回 電解液中，維持電解液的硫酸濃度之恆定；若是在尚未存有硫酸 =晶粒的鉛蓄電池中，於充放電初期階段，碳微粒會受到外力^電 場的作用而吸附至正負極極板上，在此之後的充放電階段，硫酸 鉛晶粒甚難以生成，因而促使電池的内電阻降低，大大地提高電 池的蓄電性能。所以，對於已加入本活性添加劑的錯蓄電池]本 劑不僅能有效地分解已生成的硫酸鉛結晶，佟使極板板上的活性鲁 物質回復至Pbi^和PbO汹，更能抑制及遏止硫酸鉛結晶的生成， 因而使用本劑的鉛蓄電池將能延長使用壽命與提升效能，甚至是 性能劣化或廢棄的錯蓄電池也能被再生而再被使用。 4·本創作的實施方式： 針對本活性添加劑之功效所作的實驗，分別就新品、正被使 用中以及性能劣化或廢棄之汽車及機車所用的鉛蓄電池，添入本 劑至電池中，並配合誠如下述的充放電流程（亦即定電壓限電流 的充電方式）：添加本劑-►充電一►放電（電池的使用）—再充 電—再放電（電池的使用）或者放電—添加本劑—充電—放電 (電池的使用）—再充電，之後，再確實地測量已加入本劑的鉛 蓄電池之電性（將於下述的實作範例中詳細描述）。 ♦ (1)本發明之活性添加劑’首先添加本劑到正被使用中之 汽機車用鉛蓄電池，在歷經短時間的充電且電池正常運作一段時 間之後’可發現到電池的機能獲得大幅度的提升；接著，選取經 充電後仍無法使汽機車引擎啟動的廢棄鉛蓄電池，添加本活性添 加劑並進行充放電循環，可發現到該鉛蓄電池的蓄電量提升，因 而使得汽機車的引擎再次被啟動，由此得知，本活性添加劑能使 12 200524198 ，能劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池恢復蓄電能力。此外，由於該電池在 汽車^機，啟動時即會自動進行放電，故不需要額外的放電操 作，若鉛蓄電池並無配有充電裝置或該裝置已損壞者，在進^ 池的充電時就必須外加充電裝置。 (2)本發明之活性添加劑適用於新品、正被使用中、性能 劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池。對於各種品牌與額定蓄電容量規格的妒 畜電，，y依據鉛蓄電池所標示的額定蓄電容量，分別添入所^ 的固定劑量，使得電池的電性不致於@添加麵量的多寡而受到 過大的影響。對於電池的雜而言，轉本舰加劑量之恆定是 很重要的L若在電解液中出現碳微粒沈積，則在正負極之間可能 ^發生電短路，但補作的活性添加雛依池的歡蓄電容 添人適當的劑量，使得加人電解液中的碳微粒之數量能幾 ，，全地被正貞極極板所吸附，避免因過多的添人劑量造成碳微 j電池底部發生沈積，或因添加齡的不足而增長料電池充 放電所需要的時間與成本。 本活性添加劑添入鉛蓄電池的方式，宜採用具有精準 tit:之抽放式㈣裝置’其能精準地注人所需的活性添加 μ沖j里電解液中；醫療用的注射針筒即為此裝置的實例之一， 利用針筒上鮮_度標示進行抽取姐人的操作，即可精確地 添入預定的劑量。 )本活丨生添加劑可經乾燥處理成粉末狀的物質，將此粉 添加物與稀硫酸混合以配製成膏狀或濃液狀型態的活 =加物，將粉末狀、錄或濃液狀的活性添加物加人錯蓄電池 中’都可發現在正負極極板或極板上的硫酸n粒之表 ίίίΐΐ粒、，利用碳微粒表面附有的絲、經基與縣等所構 料日·二以抑概止硫触結晶的生成或消除已生成的硫酸 :::，以私末狀、膏狀或濃液狀的活性添加物仍具有前述 &的功效，依然能活化錯蓄電池。此外，粉末狀、膏狀或濃 13 200524198 液狀的活性添加物能直接被添入電解液中而不需排去部分電解 液，使用上十分方便。 上5)在新品鉛蓄電池的製造過程中，將本活性添加物（液 =、、粉末狀、膏狀或濃液狀）、稀硫酸以及鋁粉等混製成糊狀物 質並填充在電池負極栅板中，又將本活性添加物、稀硫酸、氧化 鉛（PbO)以及四氧化三鉛（Pbl〇4)混製成糊狀物質並置入電池 ^極柵板中，再對此正負極兩極板施以乾燥處理，接著將極板浸 潰於電解液中，施加直流電流以進行氧化還原反應，而獲得表面 附有活性添加物的電池極板，最後再製成鉛蓄電池，則該鉛蓄電 池將具有抑制硫酸鉛結晶之生成的能力，得以享有甚長的使用I 命。 •可 藉由下述所提及的一系列實作範例，可用以驗證本活性添加 劑的效用，並在實作的結論中作歸納。 ” 實作範例1 : 請參閱圖一，圖一為習用的鉛蓄電池性能測試儀儀表圖。以 下用以說明錯蓄電池性能測试儀儀表圖之用途，錯蓄電池性能 试儀能依據各個鉛蓄電池的額定畜電容量，由所讀取的數值來判 別該鉛蓄電池的機能狀態，而該數值即是蓄電容量顯示值1〇。其 中蓄電狀態表示區域11又可分為以下幾種狀態來進行錯蓄電& 性能之判斷： σ (1) ·指針位置如儀表標示在8V〜10V的範圍Α内時，即表 示該電池不堪再使用。 > (2) ·指針位置如儀表標示在10V〜10.5V的範圍B内時， 即表示該電池接近失效或已失效。 ' (3) ·指針位置如儀表標示在10.5V〜12V的範圍c内時 200524198 即表示該電池的機能尚為正常。 —(4) ·指針位置如儀表標示在i2v〜15V的範圍〇内時，即 表示該電池的機能處於極佳的狀態。 本實施例中係以開始被使用（使用約1個月）的汽車用金^蓄 電池 ° 作為實驗對象（製造廠商為湯淺，型號為46B24RS);藉由 如圖一所示之錯蓄電池性能測試儀板測得該電池的蓄電容量為 11.25V，而使用三用電表及鉛蓄電池用比重計分別量得該電池的 電壓值為12.8V (伏特）且比重為L27;從錯蓄電池的進液孔 (共有6$)以每孔5毫升（cc )輸入總劑量3〇毫升的活性添 加劑，錯蓄電池中，並使裝入此鉛蓄電池的汽車正常行駛約i週 後、（每天至少行駛2小時）再進行量測，測出的實驗結果為電壓 =J3V ’比重為ΐ·275，蓄電容量增至u.5V，電解液的液體顏 色也由加入活性添加劑時所呈現的黑色轉為電解液原先的淡色， 證明本活性添加綱含有騎性㈣（即表_有親水性官能基 的碳微粒）已吸附在正負極極板上；在正常使用該錯蓄電池約6 « 個月之後再進行檢測，發現其電壓、比重以及蓄電容量等都維持 在極佳的水平。 實作範例2: 驗對使γΓ ^年以上）的汽車用轉電池作為實 驗對象（製造廠商為GS ’型_ 55D23L_MF);藉由金 性能測試儀測得該電池的蓄電容量為1〇75V，而使用三°及 鉛蓄電池用比重計分別量得該電池的電壓值為122ν (伏 比重為1.26 ;從鉛蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔）以每孔8毫升 (C.C.)輸入總劑量48⑽的活性添加劑到錯蓄電池中 入此鉛蓄電池的汽車正常行駛約丨週後（每天至少行駛2 、 再進行量測，測出的實驗結果為電壓值為128V，比重 15 200524198 1UV ’電解液的液體顏色也由加入活性 ====轉為電解液原先的淡色，證明活性添加劑 ，含，活性物質（即表面附有親水性官能基的碳微粒子）已吸g ^正負極極板上；在正f使職輯電池約6则 檢測的結果為電壓值為12.7V、比重為127 11.5V，鉛蓄電池的性能依然保持在良好的狀態。 令里馮 實作範例3 : 對肇因於蓄電機能喪失而無法再使用的進气車 ，的實驗（製造廠商為ACDelcD，型號為 itli國製Mercury進口車所慣用的電池.）；藉由錯蓄電&生 月,測補導該電池的蓄電容量為咖，*制三用電表及乂 電池用比重計分別量得該電池的電壓值為9 8V ^ :;從鉛蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔）以每孔\〇^)升且 ，入總劑量60毫升的活性添加劑到鉛蓄電池中，並以R4v盥 H安進行充15小時，所測得的實驗結果為電壓值ϊ 大Λ27 ’蓄,電容量攀升至1L25V，電池的整體機能 〇幅度地獲得改善，之後，將此鉛蓄電池裝入汽車中，引 ^動’触蓄電池恢㈣«能㈣再被，正常概該車 ;丨屮^之後（每日至少彳了駛2小時），再經職儀進行量測， 測出的實驗結果為電壓值為13V、比重為丨.27、蓄電容量為 ^•5V，電解液的液體顏色也由加入活性添加劑時所呈現的里色 ^電解液縣的淡色，證明活性添加劑所含的活性物f 表 =有，水性官能基的賴粒）已吸附在正負極極板上正常使 蓄電池約6個月之後，依據所進行的檢測發現該錯蓄電池 肊並無明顯地衰減；反之，未加入本活性添加劑的鉛鉛蓄電 =雖然歷經多次的充放電流程，僅使電壓值與比重值上升些微幅 就料電池的整體性能Μ，依¥沒有任何起色^然無 决發揮作用來啟動引擎。 16 200524198 實作範例4 : 作的六而無，使用的汽車用錯錯蓄電池所 :Γ:廠商為統力’型號為26A19R);在本次實驗 二乂勒丨二if ϊ添加劑的廢棄電池作為對照組，用以證明活 電池的能力；首先’對未加人本活性添加 ί ίίχΓΐ j得其電壓值為ΐα8ν，比重為, 畜電合里為8.6V ’接者’以充電電麗為144ν與充 (安培）對電池進行充電5小時，伸引擎 ‘、、' 電池狀餘正常獅；反之彳被啟動’表不 ii 士 f升（C.)輸人總額3G毫升的活性添加劑到錯蓄 :二a 4V與3A，同樣條件對此廢*電池進行充電5 小寺，引擎兄此被啟動，表示該鉛蓄電池恢復 使用，由此可知本活性添加麵廢棄電池具有極m力再被 實作範例5: 請參閱圖二，圖二為使用定電壓限電流充電方式(以充電電壓 流值3安培對電池進行充電 式 (刀里）崎圖。以下用以說蚊電壓限電流充電法之實施方I's new nature? Additive is suitable for new products, is being used, performance is degraded or discarded m can be added to this lion battery to improve the performance of mysterious use的 ## Weaving or discarding the storage battery of the oblique storage battery can quickly restore the pasty or powdery material that still retains this agent in a short time. 5: The skin is made of thin or thick liquid, and It is effective when added to the electrolyte of lead livestock batteries. 6 on the board. · This active additive battery is added to the battery pole during the manufacturing process, is being used, and the wealth of the present invention _Active Additives_In the new product 200524198 '' Transformed or discarded oblique battery, so that the addition of this program battery improves The performance can be improved, and even the regenerated waste lead-acid battery can be activated; when the battery is being charged, it can be charged with a large current in a short time; in addition, it can be directly added to the electrolyte of the active battery without being removed. Part of the electrolyte can be added according to the rated power storage capacity to maintain a stable battery performance. You need to add a small amount to the battery to make it work and make the battery excellent. It does not need to be removed to avoid the decrease of the electrolyte level of the battery. Therefore, the advantages of this complex addition age to make money easy and significant effect creation are unmatched by others. The following detailed description of the invention and the attached drawings, and the advantages and spirit of the present invention can be further understood by the formula. [Embodiment] The following is a detailed explanation of the present invention based on the characteristics of an active additive. -The active additive for the battery is an aqueous solution with a chemical functional group attached to the surface of the carbon particles. The composition and physical properties of the agent are from ~: a solution, the principle of battery failure, supplemented by The dry example of the wrong battery added with this agent is used to illustrate the effect of this agent on lead batteries. 1. Material selection: (1) The material used for the active additive of the present invention is carbon; that is, crystalline, powdery or fine granular, natural or artificial carbon materials are used, but the particle diameter should preferably be 10 ~ _ Abdomen (nm is nanometer, lnm = 109 micrometers). If the particle diameter is too large, the carbon particles are more uniformly distributed in the solution. Conversely, if the particle diameter is too small, the carbon particles are easily adsorbed to each other into large particles. Among all carbon materials, graphite carbon treated with nanotechnology is slightly ideal, and the content of impurities in the carbon material should be less than 0.1%. . T 〃 200524198 (2) The solvent used for this active additive should be pure water. As for general ions, the ionic impurities f should be less than α%, especially for metal ions such as iron, town, chromium, zinc, bromide, etc. If the content of kun and sulfur is less than _%, it can also be used as a solvent. If poor-quality water is used as the solvent, the ionic impurities in the aqueous solution will deteriorate the battery to accumulate micro-energy; if the iron ion content of the water-soluble product is greater than 0.001%, the battery plate will be damaged and its texture will become hard. And brittle, if it is greater than 0.5 / hour, the self-discharge phenomenon of the lead storage battery will occur, and the secondary storage capacity will be lost in a short time. This is because the divalent iron ion (Fe2 +) will be oxidized at the positive electrode of the wrong storage battery. The negative electrode is reduced, causing self-discharge. In an electrolyte containing dilute sulfuric acid, the manganese ions (Mn2 +) contained in the aqueous solution will also be damaged by the oxygen plate; ammonium (Nh4 +) ions will also cause self-discharge. Discharge; copper ions (Cib +) will precipitate at the negative electrode of the battery and cover the active material gold port (PbM) of the negative electrode plate, which will damage the performance of the battery; certain organic substances, such as low molecular organic acids, phenols, aldehydes, Organic amines will be converted into organic acids such as oxalic acid and acetic acid in lead storage batteries. These organic acids will oxidize the active material lead γ (Pb \) of the negative electrode plate and become oxidized (pb0j ^) etc. during the charging process. ; So, using the inverse The pure water obtained by the permeation water treatment system or distillation device is the solvent of this agent. ^ (3) The active additive uses several organic compounds having functional groups such as a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydroxyl group (_COH) or a carbonyl group (_CO), and these organic compounds will be formed on the surface of the carbon particles in an aqueous solution. By chemical bonding, an aqueous solution having a carboxyl group (-COOH), a warp group (_C0H) and a few groups (_C0) attached to the surface of the carbon particles is formed. 2. Production procedure: The active additive of the present invention is an aqueous solution with chemical functional groups such as carboxyl (_C00H), warp (_COH) and carbonyl (_C0) attached to the surface of carbon particles. The following is the process of this active additive. 9 200524198 First, put pure water (PH value 7) into the trough, and then carbon particles and several kinds of affinity chemistry with carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-COH), and several groups (_c〇) The functional organic matter is put into pure water, and then the machine is equipped with a heating and stirring device to uniformly mix the aqueous solution, and the active additive is completed. 3. Creative principle of the present invention: The present invention is an active additive suitable for the wrong battery. As far as normal sulfation is concerned, after the lead storage battery is discharged, the active material lead dioxide (PbO ^) on the positive electrode plate will be transformed into loose-grained small particles of sulfuric acid and distributed evenly on the plate. Above, after the lead storage battery is charged, the crystals of small particles of lead sulfate will be transformed into lead dioxide and lead. However, due to improper storage of the battery, long-term under-charge, half-discharge, or over-discharge, failure to charge immediately after discharge, short battery interior, and low electrolyte level, the electrolyte and electrolyte are exposed outside the plate. The density and temperature of the battery or the temperature of the battery may be too high, which may cause the occurrence of abnormal sulfuric acid 2. This is due to the formation of large particles of sulfuric acid with poor conductivity on the plate. , It will block the micro-holes on the battery plate, hinder the diffusion and penetration of the electrolyte, and will also increase the internal resistance of the battery, and after the charging process ^ the plate active material is lead dioxide also) Moreover, the state of the negative electrode plate is “irreversible”; the generation of large particles of sulfuric acid a reduces the amount of active materials participating in the charge and discharge reaction in the electrode plate, and deteriorates. The solution to the formation of large particles of lead sulfate crystals, such as the effective work of the battery to effectively improve the battery performance in a short time, is recorded as economical and practical. Additives. The destruction of the fairy part structure can cause the battery grid to be made mechanically strong due to corrosion and heavy weight. T The occurrence of plate warpage or breakage, the life of lead f batteries, and, "" Under normal use, the battery will also appear This phenomenon, but not the operation of 200524198 will accelerate the damage of battery plates and shorten the service life of the wrong battery; when charging and discharging with high current or charging under high temperature environment, it will cause the reaction of the active material on the plate It tends to be too strong, which can lead to uneven electrochemical reactions. As a result, the plates are bent or broken. In addition, lead batteries cannot be charged immediately after discharging. It will also make the plate grid contact with sulfuric acid and sulfur. Too often '. Therefore, it accelerates the corrosion and damage of the plate grid, causing the grid bar or plate to break = damage; excessive charging and discharging will cause the battery plate to undergo excessive thermal stress and cause the plate, #bending or breaking, Due to the extremely strong swelling or contraction of the electrode plate, it cannot be restored to its original state; furthermore, the severe shedding of the active material on the electrode plate will not only cause the #electricity attenuation of the wrong battery to be deposited on the bottom of the battery. A short circuit occurs between the positive and negative electrode plates; many of the above conditions have caused the battery life to be terminated early. · The present invention is an active additive suitable for the wrong animal battery. The wrong battery has been charged many times. After being charged, under normal operation and no external force, the life of the battery should theoretically be extremely long. However, as the battery is used for a long time, the battery will face power storage. Problems such as performance degradation and internal resistance increase. When charging it, you will find that the charging voltage suddenly rises, but the charging current drops sharply, causing the battery to fail to recover to its original storage capacity. When the battery is discharged, the discharge voltage drops sharply and the discharge time is very short, so the battery can no longer be used. The crux of the problem is the large particle lead sulfate produced during the electrochemical reaction of the battery. The formation of large particle lead sulfate crystals will Consumption of the active material that participates in the reaction between the electrolyte and the positive and negative electrode plates causes the specific gravity of the electrolyte to decrease and the contact area between the electrolyte and the electrode plate to be reduced. As a result, the storage capacity of the battery is reduced, and the grid electrode pair is weakened in severe cases The supporting force of the plate active material promotes the bending or breaking and cracking of the electrode plate structure and the shedding of the electrode plate active material, so the battery is therefore Bad. From this point of view, preventing or slowing down the formation of sulfuric acid stray crystals, or even eliminating the already formed sulfuric acid crystals, should be the key to improving the service life and performance of lead-acid batteries. The active additive for the wrong storage battery of the present invention is a water-soluble 11 200524198 liquid with chemical functional groups such as end groups (-COOH), hydroxyl groups (-COH), and several groups (-CO) attached to the surface of carbon particles. During the battery charging and discharging process, the carbon particle end of this substance will be adsorbed on the lead sulfate crystal of the positive electrode plate, and the carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and perylene group 4 attached to the surface of the carbon particle will form on the surface of the sulfuric acid crystal grains. The conductive layer uses the hydrophilicity of these chemical functional groups to decompose the lead sulfate grains, and then the active material on the electrode plate is duplicated ^ Pb_PbOa ^, and the sulfate ion (sa2) released in the reaction process ) 'Is also returned to the electrolyte to maintain the sulfuric acid concentration of the electrolyte constant; if it is in a lead storage battery that does not have sulfuric acid = grains, at the initial stage of charge and discharge, carbon particles will be adsorbed to positive and negative by the external force ^ electric field. On the electrode plate, in the subsequent charge and discharge phase, lead sulfate crystal grains are very difficult to generate, thereby promoting the reduction of the internal resistance of the battery and greatly improving the battery's power storage performance. Therefore, for the wrong battery that has been added with this active additive] this agent can not only effectively decompose the lead sulfate crystals that have been formed, but also restore the active substances on the plate to Pbi ^ and PbO, and it can also inhibit and stop sulfuric acid The formation of lead crystals, so the lead-acid battery using this agent will prolong the service life and improve the performance, and even the wrong or discarded batteries can be regenerated and reused. 4. Implementation of this creation: Experiments on the efficacy of this active additive were performed on new products, lead batteries used in automobiles, and degraded or discarded automobiles and locomotives. Add this agent to the battery and cooperate with it. Just like the following charging and discharging process (that is, the charging method of constant voltage limit current): Add this agent-► charge one ► discharge (battery use)-recharge-redischarge (battery use) or discharge-add this agent —Charge—Discharge (use of the battery) —Recharge, and then measure the electrical properties of the lead storage battery that has been added with this agent (this will be described in detail in the implementation example below). ♦ (1) The active additive of the present invention 'First add this agent to the lead battery for automobiles and motorcycles being used. After a short period of charging and the battery has been operating normally for a period of time', it can be found that the battery's performance has been greatly improved. Upgrade; then, select the waste lead storage battery that still cannot start the engine of the locomotive after charging, add this active additive and perform the charge and discharge cycle. It can be found that the storage capacity of the lead storage battery is increased, so that the engine of the locomotive is started again From this, it is known that the active additive can make 12 200524198 and restore the power storage capacity of degraded or discarded lead-acid batteries. In addition, since the battery is automatically discharged when the vehicle is started, no additional discharge operation is required. If the lead-acid battery is not equipped with a charging device or the device is damaged, it must be charged when the battery is charged. Plus charging device. (2) The active additive of the present invention is applicable to new products, lead batteries which are currently in use, whose performance is degraded or discarded. For jealous animals of various brands and rated storage capacity specifications, y is added to the fixed dose according to the rated storage capacity indicated by the lead storage battery, so that the battery's electrical properties are not oversized and increased by the amount of @ influences. For battery miscellaneous, it is very important to increase the dosage of the ship. If carbon particles are deposited in the electrolyte, an electrical short circuit may occur between the positive and negative electrodes. Adding an appropriate dose to the storage capacitor makes the number of carbon particles in the electrolyte added to the battery, and it is adsorbed by the Zhengzheng electrode plate to prevent the bottom of the carbon micro battery from being deposited due to the excessive dose. Or the time and cost required to charge and discharge the battery due to the lack of age. The method of adding the active additive to the lead-acid battery should adopt a pumping device with a precise tit: which can accurately inject the required active addition into the electrolyte solution; the medical syringe is One example of this device is to use the freshness indicator on the syringe to perform the extraction operation of the sister, and the predetermined dose can be accurately added. ) The active additives can be dried into a powdery substance. This powdered additive is mixed with dilute sulfuric acid to prepare a paste-like or concentrated liquid-like form of active = additive, which is powdered, recorded or concentrated. Liquid active additives added to the wrong battery can be found on the positive and negative electrode plates or on the surface of the n-sulfate n grains, using the wire attached to the surface of the carbon particles, the base material and the county Japan and Japan to suppress the formation of sulfur contact crystals or eliminate the sulfuric acid that has been formed ::: Active additives in the form of a paste, paste or concentrated liquid still have the aforementioned effects, and can still activate the wrong battery . In addition, powdery, pasty or concentrated 13 200524198 liquid active additives can be directly added to the electrolyte without removing part of the electrolyte, which is very convenient to use. Above 5) In the manufacturing process of new lead storage batteries, the active additive (liquid =, powder, paste, or concentrated liquid), dilute sulfuric acid, and aluminum powder are mixed into a paste and filled in the battery negative electrode. In the grid, the active additive, dilute sulfuric acid, lead oxide (PbO), and lead trioxide (Pbl04) are mixed into a paste and placed in the battery grid, and the positive and negative electrodes are added to the grid. The two electrode plates are dried, then the electrode plates are immersed in the electrolyte, and a direct current is applied to carry out a redox reaction to obtain a battery electrode plate with active additives on the surface, and finally a lead storage battery is made. The battery will have the ability to inhibit the formation of lead sulfate crystals and enjoy a long life. • A series of implementation examples mentioned below can be used to verify the effectiveness of this active additive and summarize them in the conclusions of the implementation. Implementation Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1. Figure 1 is a conventional lead battery performance tester instrument chart. The following is used to illustrate the purpose of the wrong battery performance tester meter chart. The wrong battery performance tester can be based on the performance of each lead battery. The rated livestock electricity capacity is judged by the read value to determine the functional status of the lead storage battery, and this value is the storage capacity display value 10. The storage status indication area 11 can be divided into the following states to perform incorrect power storage & Judgment of performance: σ (1) · When the pointer position is marked in the range of 8V ~ 10V A, it means that the battery is unusable. > (2) · The pointer position is marked in the range of 10V ~ 10.5V. When it is within the range B, it means that the battery is close to failure or has expired. '(3) · When the pointer position is as shown in the range of 10.5V ~ 12V c, 200524198 indicates that the battery's function is still normal. — (4 ) · When the pointer position is marked in the range of i2v ~ 15V, it means that the battery is in excellent condition. In this embodiment, it is used for automobile gold (about 1 month in use). Electricity storage ° As the test object (manufacturer is Yuasa, model is 46B24RS); the storage capacity of the battery is 11.25V measured by the wrong battery performance tester board shown in Figure 1, and a three-meter meter and a lead battery are used. The hydrometer measures the battery's voltage value of 12.8V (volts) and specific gravity of L27. From the inlet of the wrong battery (a total of 6 $), enter a total dose of 30 ml of the active additive at 5 ml (cc) per hole. In the wrong battery, make the lead-acid car run normally for about i weeks, and then measure it (at least 2 hours a day). The measured experimental result is voltage = J3V 'Specific gravity is ΐ · 275. The capacity increased to u.5V, and the liquid color of the electrolyte changed from the black color when the active additive was added to the original light color of the electrolyte. Particles) have been adsorbed on the positive and negative electrode plates; after about 6 «months of normal use of the wrong battery, testing was performed and it was found that its voltage, specific gravity, and storage capacity were maintained at excellent levels. Implementation Example 2: Verification Make Γ ^ years or more) The automotive conversion battery is used as an experimental object (manufacturer is GS 'type_ 55D23L_MF); the battery's storage capacity is measured by a gold performance tester at 1075V, and three-degree and lead-acid batteries are used. The hydrometer measures the battery's voltage value 122 ν (the specific gravity of volts is 1.26; from the liquid inlet of the lead battery (a total of 6 holes), the total amount of active additives of 48 ⑽ per 8 ml (CC) is input to the wrong battery. This lead-acid battery vehicle is normally driven for about 丨 weeks (at least 2 days a day, and then measured. The measured experimental result is a voltage value of 128V and a specific gravity of 15 200524198 1UV. The liquid color of the electrolyte is also activated by adding === = The original light color of the electrolyte, which proves that the active additives, containing, active materials (that is, carbon microparticles with hydrophilic functional groups attached to the surface) have absorbed g ^ Positive and negative electrode plates; about 6 tests are performed on the positive battery As a result, the voltage value is 12.7V and the specific gravity is 127 11.5V, and the performance of the lead storage battery is still maintained in a good state. Lingli Feng Practice Example 3: Experiment on an intake car that can no longer be used due to the loss of energy storage capacity (ACDelcD manufacturer, battery used in itli national Mercury imported cars.); By mistake Storage & month, measuring and supplementing the battery's storage capacity is ca. * The three-meter ammeter and tritium battery hydrometer respectively measure the voltage value of this battery is 9 8V ^: from the liquid inlet hole of the lead battery ( There are 6 holes in total. At each hole, a total dose of 60 ml of active additive is added to the lead storage battery, and the battery is charged with R4v H for 15 hours. The measured experimental result is the voltage value ϊ 27 'Storage, electric capacity climbed to 1L25V, the overall performance of the battery has been improved. After that, this lead battery is installed in the car, and the battery is restored. «Can be recharged, and the car is normal; 丨After 屮 ^ (at least 2 hours of driving every day), then measured by a professional instrument, the measured experimental results are a voltage value of 13V, a specific gravity of 丨 .27, a storage capacity of ^ • 5V, and a liquid electrolyte The color is also determined by the color of the interior when the active additive is added. Color, it proves that the active substance contained in the active additive f Table = Yes, water-based functional group) has been adsorbed on the positive and negative electrode plates and the battery has been normally used for about 6 months. According to the tests carried out, it was found that the wrong battery was not Significantly attenuate; on the contrary, lead-lead storage without adding this active additive = Although it has gone through multiple charging and discharging processes, only the voltage value and specific gravity value have been slightly increased, and the overall performance of the battery is expected. There is no improvement according to ¥ Indeterminate comes into play to start the engine. 16 200524198 Implementation example 4: Six-and-nothing operation, wrong battery for automotive use: Γ: manufacturer is Tongli's model number is 26A19R); in this experiment, the waste battery of the 2nd if ϊ additive was used as The control group is used to prove the ability of the live battery; first, adding ί ίχΓΐ j to the non-human activity has a voltage value of ΐα8ν, and the specific gravity is, 8.6V for the animal electricity combination, and 144V for the charger. Charge the battery with Ampere (Ampere) for 5 hours, and extend the engine ',, and the battery's normal lion; otherwise, it will be started.' Table ii. F liter (C.) input a total of 3G ml of active additives to the wrong storage : 2a 4V and 3A, the same conditions are used to charge this waste * battery 5: Please refer to Figure 2. Figure 2 shows the charging method using a constant voltage and current limiting method (with a charging voltage and current value of 3 amps to charge the battery (knife). The following describes the implementation of the mosquito voltage limiting current charging method.
在鉛蓄電池進行充電時，將充電電壓值20維持定值，缺後 =„定蓄電容量值的十分之—量值作為充電限電流值， 進灯^小時充電時間21之充電，朗充電電流值23降至趨於〇 =可—止充電動作。以—個電麼值12v (伏特）且額定·蓄電容量 為60Ah (安培小時）的鉛蓄電池為例，將充電電壓值維持於 14.4V，再以電流值6A的電流進行數小時的充電，直到充電電流 降至，於G即完成充電，醜财電池即恢復功能，其中曲線22 代表定電壓充電曲線，而曲線25則代表充電電流曲線。 於本實施例中，係對肇因於蓄電功能喪失而無法再使用的機 17 200524198 ，用錯蓄電池所作的實驗（製造_為光陽，型號為Ντχ7Α_ ，其中’先以充電電盧為14.4V與充電電流為3A (安择） =廢棄電池進行充電i小時，妈丨擎依絲能被啟動，表示電 池，是無法正常運作，·反之，從崎電池的進液孔（共有6 2母孔1毫升（C.C.)輸入總額6毫升的活性添加顏錯蓄電池 ^ ’仍以14.4V與3A之同樣條件對此廢棄電池進行充電】小 時兮ft驗結果係如®:A及®:B所示，引擎竟能被啟動，表 ^錯畜電池恢㈣電性能而可再被使用；正常使用簡蓄電池 約6個月之後，鉛蓄電池的性能依然良好。 實作範例6 : 對肇因於蓄電功能喪失而無法再使用的電動機車 =的實驗（型號為KYMCO 26AH);測得其電壓車值用為 =:比重為1.10，以充電電壓為144V與充電電流為3A (安 仃充電3小時，仍舊無法使該廢棄電池正常運作；於 k錯蓄電池的進液孔（共有6孔）以每孔5毫升（C 輪 額30毫升的活性添加劑到錯蓄電池中，同樣以K4V與)之（J 培；)進)，充電3小時’所測得的實驗結果為電壓13 5v、、比 ’蓄電容$提升至12了 ’裝置此錯蓄電池的電動機車引擎^ =啟動，雜蓄電池恢復蓄電機能而可再被使用；正常行驶該 持:每日至少行駛2小時）再進行量測，該電池仍維 實作範例7: (6V4AH/2〇HR)];測得其電壓值為3V (伏特)比= 1.15 ’以充電電壓為14.4V與充電電流為1Α (安培 ’’、、When the lead-acid battery is being charged, the charging voltage value is maintained at a fixed value of 20, and after the absence = "tenths of the fixed storage capacity value-the value is used as the charging limit current value, and the charging time is 21 hours when the lamp is charged. 23 drops to 0 = can-stop charging action. Take a lead battery with an electric value of 12v (volts) and a rated and storage capacity of 60Ah (ampere hours) as an example, maintain the charging voltage value at 14.4V, and then Charge for several hours with a current of 6A until the charging current drops. Charging is completed at G and the function of the Ugly Battery is restored, where curve 22 represents the constant voltage charging curve and curve 25 represents the charging current curve. In this example, the test was performed on a machine that was unusable due to loss of power storage function. 17 200524198, using the wrong battery (manufactured _ is Gwangyang, model is Nτχ7Α_, where 'first charge the battery with 14.4V and charge The current is 3A (optional) = i hour when the waste battery is charged. Ma Yiyisi can be started, indicating that the battery is not working properly. · On the contrary, the liquid inlet of the battery (6 2 female) 1 ml (CC) input a total of 6 ml of active-added Yancuo battery ^ 'This waste battery is still charged under the same conditions of 14.4V and 3A] The hour test results are shown as ®: A and ®: B, The engine can be started, and the battery can be used again after the battery power is restored. After about 6 months of normal use of the simple battery, the performance of the lead battery is still good. Practice Example 6: For the loss of the power storage function The test of the electric car that can no longer be used (model KYMCO 26AH); the measured value of the voltage car is used as =: specific gravity is 1.10, with a charging voltage of 144V and a charging current of 3A (3 hours of charging time, still unable to Make the waste battery operate normally; use 5 ml (30 ml of C-round active additive in the wrong battery) in the liquid inlet holes (a total of 6 holes) of the wrong battery (also K4V and) (J Pei;) ), The test result measured after charging for 3 hours is a voltage of 13 5v, which is higher than the 'capacitor $ to 12' device. The electric vehicle engine with this wrong battery is started ^ = the miscellaneous battery restores the energy of the battery and can be recharged Use; normal driving: daily to Drive for 2 hours.) Measure again. The battery is still implemented. Example 7: (6V4AH / 2〇HR)]; The measured voltage value is 3V (Volt) ratio = 1.15 '. The charging voltage is 14.4V and the charging current. For 1Α (Ampere) ,,
小時，該廢棄電池仍無法正常運作；於是，魏f電池的H 200524198 (共有3孔）以每孔1臺 劑到鉛蓄電池中，輸入總額3毫升的活性添加 時，兒童玩具車的^安培）進行充電1小 芋』被啟動表不該鉛蓄電池已獲再生。 實作範例8 : 溫度變化量已添加本劑之錯蓄電池在充電過程中的 池^上）的汽車用_ 本活性添加劑的電池而言，b通常必项以，對於未加入 電_ 8A進行10小時以須以充電電壓為14.4V與充電 發生異常的溫度攀升;缺此t能避免在充電過程中 行1 i = Λ需以充電電壓為⑽與充電電流為肅進 度（約ΐίϋ)而且在充電過程中，電池一直維持在穩定的溫 實作範例9: 池的中值未添加與已添加本活性添加劑之鉛蓄電 YAMAHA，型^ 電池（製造廠商為 的内電阻# A H 在未加人本劑時所測得 电阻里值為117Ω，而已加入本劑者則為78Ω·。 實作範例10 : 凊參閱圖三，圖三為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池 (製造廠商為湯淺，型號為46B24RS 60ΑΗ)於充電32、靜詈u ^放電34 Ρ皆段的賴值3〇與時間31之關細，其中曲^^ 表不未添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線，而曲線36 ^ 添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線。 200524198 本入施例係用以驗證已添加本活性添加劑的錯蓄電池之使用 命'•卩的延長；所選用的鉛蓄電池為新品的 ^之，_RS _)， 1:4V ί充電二本、劑）的料電池，以充電電壓為 1小時再H Γί i (ίϊ)對添加本劑之錯¥電池進行充電 100W (瓦⑷的讲1，玄最後將加人本劑之前與之後的電池以 叮:（，特）電功率放f 電容量為9.6V，該蓄電容量 nr =圖—所示之料電池性能測試儀板所測得，此實驗結 用哥命作比較，已添入本劑之電池延長約^使=池的使 實作範例11 : , [f造二^ 7『0上四為f添加與已添加活性添加劑之錯蓄電池 則代表已添綠線46 鉛蓄電池為新品的崎電池旧的延長，所選用的 (6V4AH/20HR) ] , S〇NEX ^ SE6-4 入24毫升的本劑）的1$^加入=性添加劑之前與之後（加 流為ία (安培）\以充電電壓為i4.4v與充電電 半小時，最後分獅電池進行充電1小時再靜置 的放電功率放電至蓄4容旦H前與之後，池以21W (瓦特） 儀表面板請參見圖示之第i . ▽[以紹蓄電池性能測試儀（其 圖之電壓與時間的測得]’此實驗結果為圖示第4 比較，已添入本劑之u且可發現到與原來電池的使用壽命作 電池延長約25%的使用壽命。 實作的結論： 20 200524198 、丨·^實作範例1〜7中，驗證了本活性添加劑適用於新品、正 被使用中、性能劣化或廢棄㈣蓄電池；不論該崎電 用、機車用、電動機翔或兒#玩具用（電池歡蓄電容量的不 同），本活性添加劑對於任一品牌及規格的鉛蓄電池皆能 效以提升電池的機能。此外，藉由―制的實作，總結歸ς 活性添加劑之最適宜的添加劑量： —曰(1)新品的鉛蓄電池所添加的總劑量，以約為電池額定蓄 電谷畺值的0.4倍為最佳，並平均地從電池各進液孔進行添入。 ^2)正被使用中的鉛蓄電池所添加的總劑量，以約為電池 額疋蓄電谷1值的0.8倍為最佳，並平均地從電池各進液孔進行 添入0 (3) 廢棄的錯蓄電池所添加的總劑量，以約為電池額定蓄 電谷里值的1·2倍為最佳，並平均地從電池各進液孔進行添入。 (4) 以電池額定蓄電容量值為60ΑΗ(安培小時)的鉛蓄電池 為例，進行本劑的添加，以下為根據上述（丨）(3)，由 電池使用狀態來決定本劑的添加劑量。 新品：0.4*60=24毫升 24毫升/6孔=4毫升/孔 使用中·· 0.8*60=48毫升48毫升/6孔=8毫升/孔 廢棄品：1.2*60=72毫升72毫升/6孔=12毫升/孔 2·從實作範例8〜11中可發現，已添加本活性添加劑的鉛蓄 電池在進行充放電時，會隨著電池内電阻的減小而降低損耗的能 量與維持溫度的穩定，因此，得以採用大充電電流在短時間内完 成充電，而且，由於在電池放電時所耗損的能量較少而得以延長 電池的使用壽命。 21 200524198 總結前述的内容，對於鉛蓄電池，本活性添加劑的功效為： 1·新品以及正被使用中的錯蓄電池可延長使用壽命與提升效 能0 2·性能劣化或廢棄的鉛蓄電池可獲再生。 3·在充電過程中，能以大充電電流在短時間内完成充電，且 過程中並無異常的溫度攀升。 4·能依據電池的額定蓄電容量作適宜劑量的添加。 所以’本活性添加劑為一種能有效地改善鉛蓄電池機能的添 發明ϊΐϊΐΐΐ具體實施例之詳述’係希望能更加清楚描述本 ϊΐίΐ，精神’而並非以上述所揭露的較佳具體實施例來對 及。相反地’其目的是希望能涵蓋各種改變 等性的讀於本發衡欲㈣之專利範_範嘴内。 22 200524198 【圖式簡單說明】 圖一為習用的鉛蓄電池性能測試儀儀表圖。 圖二為使用定電壓限電流充電方式(以充電 與充電電流值3安培對電池進行充€丨小時)的_ ϋ 伏特 曲線 圖二為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池 湯淺，型號為46B24RS 60ΑΗ)於充電、靜置與放匕 壓值與時間之關係圖。 蛋卩以又的的電 圖四為未添加與已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池 段的電壓值與時間之關係圖 【主要元件符號說明】 10 :蓄電容量顯雜 11 ·•蓄f狀態表示區域 A :紅色區域（儀表標示在8v〜1〇v的範圍）即表示該電 池不堪再使用。 B :黃色區域（儀表標示在10ν〜10·5ν的範圍）即表示該 電池接近失效或已失效。 C :綠色區域（儀表標示在的範圍）即表示該 電池的機能尚為正常。 D:白色區域（儀表標示在12V〜15V的範圍）即表示該電 23 200524198 池的機能處於極佳的狀態。 20 :充電電壓值 21 ··充電時間 22 :定電壓充電曲線 23 :充電電流值 24 :充電時間 25 :充電電流曲線 30 :鉛蓄電池電壓值 31 :時間 32 ·充電區 33 :靜止區 34 ·放電區 35 :未添加活性添加劑之敍蓄電池的曲線Hours, the waste battery still does not work properly; therefore, H 200524198 (3 holes in total) of Wei F battery uses 1 agent per hole into the lead-acid battery, and enters a total of 3 milliliters of active addition, ^ Amp for children's toy cars) "Charging 1 small taro" was started to indicate that the lead-acid battery has been regenerated. Practice Example 8: The temperature change amount has been added to the battery. The battery used in the charging process of the battery _) For the battery of this active additive, b is usually required. For the battery without electricity _ 8A, 10 Hours must be charged with a charging voltage of 14.4V and an abnormal temperature rise during charging; without this, t can be avoided during the charging process. I = Λ requires charging voltage and charging current as the progress (about ΐίϋ) and during the charging process. The battery has been maintained at a stable and warm temperature. Example 9: The median value of the battery is not added and the lead storage YAMAHA type with the active additive has been added. The battery (manufacturer ’s internal resistance # AH when no agent is added The measured resistance value is 117Ω, but it is 78Ω for those who have added the agent. Implementation Example 10: 凊 Refer to Figure 3, which is a lead storage battery with and without active additives (the manufacturer is Yuasa, the model is 46B24RS 60ΑΗ) On charging 32, static discharge u ^ discharge 34 P, the value of 30 is related to time 31, where the curve ^^ shows the curve of lead batteries without active additives, and curve 36 ^ added activity Additive lead storage The curve of the battery. 200524198 This example is used to verify the extension of the use life of the wrong battery that has been added with this active additive. • The lead is selected as the new battery, _RS _), 1: 4V. Charge the battery for 1 hour, then charge the battery with the charge voltage of 1 hour, then charge the battery with the charge of 100% (100% for Watts, before and after adding the agent) The battery's capacity is 9.6V, and the storage capacity is 9.6V, which is measured by the battery performance tester board shown in the figure. The battery of this agent is extended for about ^ = = the use of the battery. Example 11:, [f make two ^ 7 "0 on four is the wrong addition of the battery with the active additive has been added, it means that the green line has been added 46 lead battery is new Saki battery old extension, selected (6V4AH / 20HR)], SONEX ^ SE6-4 into 24 ml of this agent) 1 $ ^ added = sex additive before and after (add flow for ία (ampere) \ With the charging voltage of i4.4v and the charging electricity for half an hour, finally the lion battery is charged for 1 hour and then left to discharge. Rate before and after the storage 4 Rongdan H, the battery is 21W (Watt). For the meter panel, please refer to the i. In the picture. ▽ [Isso battery performance tester (the voltage and time measured in the figure) 'This experiment The result is the fourth comparison in the figure, u has been added to this agent, and it can be found that the battery life is extended by about 25% compared with the original battery life. Conclusions of the implementation: 20 200524198 、 ·· ^ Implementation Example 1 In ~ 7, it is verified that this active additive is suitable for new products, being used, degraded performance, or discarded plutonium batteries; regardless of whether it is used for electric power, motorcycles, electric motors, or children's toys (the battery capacity is different), The active additive is effective for any brand and specification of lead storage batteries to enhance the performance of the battery. In addition, through the implementation of the system, summarize the most suitable dosage of active additives:-(1) The total dosage of the new lead-acid battery is about 0.4 times the rated value of the battery's rated storage threshold. The best, and evenly from the battery inlet. ^ 2) The total dosage of the lead storage battery being used is preferably about 0.8 times the value of the battery 1 and the valley of the storage battery. The average dosage is 0 (3) Discarded The total dose added to the wrong battery is preferably about 1.2 times the valley value of the battery's rated power storage, and it is evenly added from each of the liquid inlet holes of the battery. (4) Take a lead storage battery with a rated battery capacity of 60AΗ (Amp-hour) as an example to add this agent. The following is to determine the dosage of this agent based on the state of battery use according to (丨) (3) above. New product: 0.4 * 60 = 24 ml 24 ml / 6 hole = 4 ml / hole in use 0.8 · 60 = 48 ml 48 ml / 6 hole = 8 ml / hole Discarded product: 1.2 * 60 = 72 ml 72 ml / 6 holes = 12 ml / hole 2 · From practical examples 8 to 11, it can be found that when the lead-acid battery to which this active additive has been added is charged and discharged, it will reduce the loss of energy and maintain temperature as the internal resistance of the battery decreases. The stability of the battery can be charged in a short time using a large charging current, and the battery life can be extended because less energy is consumed when the battery is discharged. 21 200524198 Summarizing the foregoing, for lead batteries, the efficacy of this active additive is: 1. New products and the wrong battery being used can extend the service life and improve the performance. 0 2 · Degraded or discarded lead batteries can be regenerated. 3. In the charging process, the charging can be completed in a short time with a large charging current, and there is no abnormal temperature rise during the process. 4. It can be added according to the rated storage capacity of the battery. Therefore, 'this active additive is an additive that can effectively improve the function of lead storage batteries. Detailed description of specific embodiments' is intended to more clearly describe this, "spirit," rather than to the preferred specific embodiments disclosed above. and. On the contrary, its purpose is to hope to cover all kinds of changes. 22 200524198 [Schematic description] Figure 1 is a meter diagram of a conventional lead battery performance tester. Figure 2 shows the _ ϋ volt curve of the constant-voltage and limited-current charging method (charging the battery with a charge and charge current of 3 amps per hour) 二 volt curve 60ΑΗ) A graph of the relationship between the charging, standing, and daggering pressure values and time. Egg custard uses another electric diagram IV to show the relationship between the voltage value and time of the lead battery section without added and added active additives. [Description of the main component symbols] 10: The storage capacity is significantly different. : The red area (the meter is marked in the range of 8v ~ 10v) indicates that the battery is unusable. B: The yellow area (the meter is marked in the range of 10ν ~ 10 · 5ν) indicates that the battery is nearing failure or has expired. C: The green area (the range marked by the meter) indicates that the battery is still functioning normally. D: The white area (the meter is marked in the range of 12V ~ 15V) means that the function of the battery is excellent. 20: Charging voltage value 21 ·· Charging time 22: Constant voltage charging curve 23: Charging current value 24: Charging time 25: Charging current curve 30: Lead battery voltage value 31: Time 32 · Charging area 33: Static area 34 · Discharge Zone 35: Curve of a battery without active additives
36:已添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線 40 :鉛蓄電池電壓值 41 :時間 42 ·充電區 43 :靜止區 44 ··放電區 45 ··未添加活性添加劑之鉛蓄電池的曲線36: Curve of lead accumulator with active additives added 40: Voltage of lead accumulator 41: Time 42Charging area 43: Stationary area 44 Discharge area 45
46 :已添加活性添加劑之錯蓄電池的曲線 2446: Curve of wrong battery with active additives added 24