TW200408950A - Multimode controller for intelligent and "dumb" flash cards - Google Patents

Abstract

A controller chip for coupling a computer system with a flash storage system is disclosed. The controller chip comprises an interface mechanism for determining whether the Flash storage system includes a controller and an adapter for providing the appropriate interface to the computer system to allow the computer system to communicate with the Flash storage system. In a preferred embodiment, the flash storage system comprising at least a portion of a medium ID section; and a flash section, wherein the medium ID section contains specifications of the medium ID. Through the use of this system a plurality of different adapters and a flash storage system can be managed while utilizing the same hardware components.

Description

200408950 [Technical field to which the invention belongs] More particularly, the present invention relates to a controller for a controller card. L Wuyishu Digital cameras have become the most popular electrics In recent years, digital camera sales have been; medium-to-species. machine. Images can be downloaded from digital cameras and the first narrative photos can be converted into JPEG and so on for a long time in the personal computer. Digital Photographs: This type of D-type and e-mail-attached file format or a virtual image posted on the Internet can be used to capture the moon and still images based on the type of digital camera ^. ® Digital cameras usually capture images electronically through .M, ^ and finally in bit-level phase, A. The 0 flash memory on the Moon Bean is a digital phase-based storage device.疋 Several readable, preferably λ 4 已 L 脰 contains one or more (EEPIU3MW) block of electronic ㈣read-only memory volume circuit chip. 1 ~ month and early digital cameras require memory download or # 换 ^ The flash line in the digital camera is the most commonly used device. Yes). 'Quasi serial power ¥ and the large size of digital cameras ... Serial power line has limited transfer rate experience. Serial downloads ^ This type Serial downloading becomes a time to cultivate patience. Downloading takes only a small amount of time for downloading only a few dozen images

Digital camera makers "solve this door by using small, achievable φ φ I flash memory crystals: replacing this fast and dazzling trend. As if you can take out the soft 92441 6 200408950 pieces from a traditional camera, it can be applied digitally. Open the flash memory card privately. Afterwards, insert the memory card into the personal + ',,, and then copy this flash file to the personal computer. Directly display the image of the flash memory card and Adapter from digital camera to Jiang Zhao_, + towels, shirts are like a computer. Users use digital cameras and display them in the form of image files—α day and day…, and store them in quick mode Flash memory card chip. Fast chip is packaged in 1 mpactFlash card 16 and ejected by pressing

Press the button to remove the card from the digital Saturn r T 1 camera. CompactFlash card 16

There are image files. Although some smaller handhelds or personal digital assistants (button A) have slots for receiving CompactFlash (CF) cards, most of them: personal computers do not. A desktop or portable personal computer has: a personal computer card (early known as PCMCIA, the Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) slot, which can accept a PCMCIA card. PCMCIA cards have many functions such as modems, Ethernet, flash memory, encryption keys, and even small hard drives. The CF to PCMCIA adapter 10 is a passive adapter and includes an opening for receiving a Compact Flash card 16. Figure 1B shows a CF-to-PCMCIA adapter 10 with a Compact Flash card 16 inserted therein. Among them, the C F to P C M CIA adapter 10 has the cheapest price of about 5 to ^ 〇. C o m p a c t F1 a s h is a trademark of the San D sk Company of California Su η n y v a 1 e. Figure 1 C shows a personal computer connected to a PCMCIA card reader. Most laptop and portable personal computers include one or two 92447 7 200408950 PCMCIA slots 22. This slot is suitable for CF to pCMCIA adapters. The user then only needs to copy the image file from the CompactFlash card 16 (not shown) to the hard disk of the personal computer 20. Because it uses a high-speed parallel bus', it can transfer quickly and its speed is about the same as the speed of accessing a hard disk. ^ As a result, the US $ 5 CF to PCMCIA adapter 10, half a small • Japanese inch serial cable transmission can be reduced by less than one minute. Desktop personal computers usually do not have a pcMCIA slot. So you can use a PCMCIA card reader12. The PCMCIA card reader 12 receives the cf to PCMCIA adapter 10 and is connected to a personal computer 2 () (not shown) via a parallel or high-speed universal serial bus (USB) cable. Multi-mode flash card format. Although the format of the CompactFlash card is quite small, it will not be larger than 0 inch square, and other small cards have appeared recently. Figure 2A shows the various formats of flash memory cards used in digital cameras. Many digital cameras still use compactFlash cards16, which can be inserted into the CF to PCMCIA adapter: 10 to transfer broadcasts to a personal computer. Other smaller and thinner formats have appeared and are used in some manufacturers' digital cameras. For example, smal.tMedla 22 is less than 0.05 inches in length but still has enough flash memory ... which can store several dozen images. SmartMed】 a to pcMciA adapter 10 ′ is sold on the market for about 60 yuan. The higher price may be due to the conversion of the horse within the adapter 10, crying 日 日, daily film. At the same time, the SmartMedia cards 24 with different memory capacities need to be connected to 10. SmartMedia is a trademark of Suntec Hall's SSFDC Forum. Other flash memory cards made by different manufacturers include 92447 8 200408950

MultiMediaCard (MMC) card 28 and associated Secure Digital (SD) card 26. MMC is controlled by the MultiMediaCard Association, which includes SanDisk. 5 Infineon Technologies, and other units ’while SD is controlled by the SD Group, which includes Matsushita

Electric Industrial., SanDisk, and Toshiba, among others. There is also a Memory Stick card 18 proposed by Sony. Memory Stick has a PCMCIA / floppy adapter, while MMC has a floppy adapter. The different appearances and pin configurations of the cards 24, 26, 28 and the Memory Stick card 18 make it impossible to use the CF to PCMCIA adapter 10. Indeed, most of the cards 24, 26, 28 have fewer than 12 pins, and the CompactFlash card 16 has more than 50 pins. Furthermore, the serial data interface is used for mini cards 2 4, 2 6, 2 8 and the parallel data bus 1J is used for compact flash cards 16. Figure 2B shows Memory using active converter chip u

Stick to PCMCIA adapter. MemoryStick card 18 (not shown) Inserts the Memory Stick into the opening of the PCMCIA adapter 15 so that the adapter 15 and Memory Stick can be inserted into a standard PCMCIA slot on a personal computer. However, the adapter 15 has an integrated circuit (IC) converter chip U therein. The converter chip u may need to convert the serial data format of MemoryStick * 1 8 to the parallel data format of p [μ c I a slot of 68 pins. Compared to a CF to PCMCIA adapter 10 with a passive adapter without a converter chip, the converter chip included in the adapter 15 obviously increases the cost and complexity of the adapter. . 92447 9 200408950 Although advanced flash memory card technology has been used, the format of many different cards and their interface requirements with personal computers are very messy. Different card formats require different adapters. The PCMCIA card reader 12 can be replaced by other card readers such as SmartMedia card readers, and even some multi-standard card readers can be purchased from the market, such as compactFiash or SmartMedia, other than PCMCIA. Card reader made by Lexar Media. The PCMCIA card interface (68-pin) has been available for several years as an external expansion slot for laptops and other removable computer devices. I want to use this popular interface to connect various devices such as SmartMedia, SUck'MuluMediaCard'SecureDigital Card, MemorySUck V2 (also known as Duo), USB expansion slot, etc. to a computer system with 68-pin connectors , Printer, pDA, or other system. When using this kind of adapter (68 pins or any other pin / ”surface connection state) to connect to the computer system, I hope there is a way to accommodate these adapters in the U near the slot. (Refer to Figure 2C). Figure 2C shows the traditional bay 100 (front view) for receiving these adapters. The bay 100 contains an interface port ^ and is used to accommodate the adapter. Sockets 103, 104, and 106. Interface port 102 is a port for connecting different interfaces through adapters. For example, C.—㈣_ PCMCJA) interface can be connected to a computer system as an interface The port allows other adapters such as SmanMWa, Memory Stlck, Du〇, usb, η%, etc. ^ to use this adapter. The storage compartment will put all of these adapters :: together. 92924 10 200408950 In this type of The upper slot in the compartment is strong

~ Wenyi is on the right side and the slot on the lower side requires the user to transfer the media.

dry. Because these slots are installed on both sides of the printed circuit board (P D J, the lower slots are very difficult to insert or remove. + Ten A and a small footprint Memory Stick for the coming of Jiang,

V knife and teeth are D U Q 'N AA new adapters, which must be able to be adapted to 68-pin pcMciA interface: or 50-pin cmocactFlash interface or any other similar interface. Therefore, the desired architecture includes: 1. Designing all slots as flash media can be inserted into a long slot called '^ 丄. 13 2. There is more separation space between the upper slot and the lower slot. Seeing Yin and So, what is needed is a universal adapter that can be used for many different formats of flash memory cards. Hope there is an adapter available for SmartMedia, ^

MuhiMediaCard, Secure Digital Card, and Memory. A flash card reader is required that has a single slot to insert any format card using this adapter. The card reader needs special detection logic to distinguish the format of many flash cards that want to use this card reader. The low-cost passive transfer is necessary because it does not require expensive conversions. A multi-format card reader that can be used for PC is needed. A separate flash card reader is needed that can copy image files from a flash card without a PC. A further need is an active adapter that can be used to alternately connect different memories to the device. For example, such a device may be a print device, or other device. The device includes a slot for receiving a connector for a CompactFlash disk. 92447 200408950 For example, many printers are known to have connectors for CompactF] ashi. Therefore, what is needed is an active adapter that can solve the problems identified above. It is also known that flash media have been used in various environments. Up to now, the flash media provided is an additional device. To do so, you must provide an array of modules in different forms, so that it can be connected to clothing such as digital cameras, MP3 players, or flash card readers. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a memory module that can be used in various devices. The 5th group must be compatible with existing standards and be a module. 〃 Therefore, what is more needed is a car interview ^ + 丄 ^ ^ ^, 糸,, and the first method, which can be used for this device (, 祓 several memories without crying at the stake + ^ & 己There are multiple quick-mouth mouthpieces or L-shaped devices in the f heart moon bean core group. This system should be cost-effective and can be applied to existing devices after being modified. It can be used for the head girl 4 4 " While a control cry, it is used for multiple forms of flash memory cards with controllers. It can also be used for flash memory cards without controllers. You can also use flash memory without controllers. Sports card. In order to use again, 'multiple form of flash memory that requires controller 1C, Lee controller and' It can be used for flash memory cards with controllers. 'Card' can also be used without controllers. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention discloses a flash memory system for controlling memory, flash memory, and flash memory. This controller chip package 8] The flash memory system of the mystery memory system includes a controller. And the interface used to determine if the system is not compatible so that the computer ’s interface gives this flash storage system 1 In the embodiment, the EFFL0 flash storage system includes at least 92,474 12 media'I ID area; and KuWenZhao from which the media ID area contains the ZenMedia ID specifications. By using this system, you can In the case of double-use two and three media, "multiple management"; π _ using the same hardware components at the same time "~ continuous adapter and flash storage system. [Implementation method] The present invention relates to fast Flash 恃 w > on, μ has been changed to cover the card reader, said 'Shi

This is related to the use of _ ° L _ _ _ _ _ ^ _ _ # different types of flash memory cards to include the nightmare of processing | § and so on. r Earth dagger 3, /, also about memory modules and especially go # 古 about can be via a single ripple technique ^ 犋, and, especially, has a transport connection_ 马 接 之 印 咅 ㈣ ® 4 Taxes & Debts < Z〗 Sections. In the following, the application characteristics and requirements of the application are described in the following sections. The artist can produce Kh and has the ability to make and use the present invention. Various modifications of the preferred embodiment are easy to see for general technicians with a wide range of σ, maxillary jaw, and t, as defined herein, and the principle of 1 can be applied to all others. M pp ^ ^ ^ Tabei M cases. Therefore, the present invention is not a limiting party; the disagreements and explanations are given, but the examples are included, but all the embodiments based on the principles and new features described herein are included. Description of a flash master card machine that can read Shixi & Μ > with or without a PC, F j Xie Bei fetching various types of flash memory cards. The inventor proposed a universal conversion The connector is constructed by using the form factor of the C0 division lake ash card (f〇rmfact〇r). Therefore, the card reader used to read C⑽pac card can read any other inserted

CompactFlash adapter flash 1 σji 丨 think of bean card. This adapter is a simple, cheap, passive adapter that does not require a converter chip. The authors of this book found that from the small flash driver to the main flash card format to ComFact ash pin comparison, which makes it easy to test the type of flash memory card inserted into the connector. Therefore, it can be detected electronically by the “on” pacU ”ash card machine on Con] pactF] ash 4 200408950 to automatically detect the type of flash memory card. You can modify the cmFlashact card reader to perform the detection of this card type. For serial-to-parallel signal conversion, it is performed by the CompactFlash card reader instead of the adapter. So you can reduce the cost of the adapter while only slightly increasing the cost of the cmcompFlash card reader. CompactFlash card reader can use a single CompactFlash slot to read multiple flash card types, including

SmartMedia ^ MultiMediaCard > Secure Digital ^ Memory Stick and CompactFlash. In another embodiment, the CompactFlash card reader has a greater opportunity and has multiple slots. An adapter is not needed in this embodiment. Instead, for each flash memory card format—SmartMedia,

MultiMediaCard, Secure Digital, Memory Stick, and

CompactFlash sets a slot. You can also add pCMCIA slots. This CompactFlash card reader can be connected to a pc using a USB cable, or it can reside in a PC case. In the third embodiment, the CompactFlash card reader is a stand-alone device and can be operated independently without a pc. Can also have mobile media such as R / w CD-ROM. Images from flash memory cards are copied to removable media using a CompactFlash card reader. Use a simple interface, such as the user pressing a button to start the image transfer. Universal, Passive Adapter, Figures 3A to 3B Figure 3A shows that samplers can receive s a r t M e d i a,

Universal CompactFlash adapter for flash memory cards such as MuUiMecHaCard, Secure Digitabu and Memory Stlck. Digital Camera] 4 Stores 92447 200408950 images in flash memory, which can be one of many types of cards. C〇mpactFlasll + 16 uses 50-pin connectors and transmits image data in a 16-bit side-by-side format.

SmartMedia card 24 is a small flash memory card with a 22-pin interface and transfers data in 8-bit parallel format. The SmartMedia Adapter 30 converts the 22-pin SmartMedia interface into a 50-pin CompactFlash interface. When SmartMedia Card 24 is inserted

When SmartMedia Adapter 30 is used, it can be inserted into the CompactFlash slot on the cardFimp renewal machine at the same time. Of course, in general

CompactFlash card reader cannot read SmartMedia card 24 because

CompactFlash card readers require special signal conversion.

MultiMediaCard 28 and Secure Digital Card 26 are flash memory cards with similar 9-pin interfaces. It uses serial data conversion via a single data J / 0 pin. The MMC / SD converter 32 has a 9-pin connector opening that can accept MultiMediaCard 28 or Secure Digital card 26. Once the MultiMediaCard 28 or Secure Digital card 26 is inserted into the MMC / SD converter 32, the MMC / SD converter 32 can be inserted into a CompactFlash slot on a special CompactFlash card reader. The CompactFlash card reader then detects the card type and performs a serial-to-parallel conversion.

The Memory Stick card 18 is also a flash memory card with 10 pins and a serial data interface, but it is narrower and longer than the MultiMediaCard 28 or Secure Digital card 26. Memory Stick adapter 34 has a 10-pin connector opening that can receive Me] Sr iSk card] .8. Once you insert the 92447 200408950 into the Memory Stick card 1, the Memory Stick adapter 34 itself can be inserted into the CompactFlash slot on a special CompactFlash card reader. The CompactFlash card reader then detects the card type and performs a serial-to-parallel conversion. Figure 3B shows a CompactFlash card reader 42 that can read SmartMedia, MultiMediaCard, Secure Digital, and Memory Stick flash memory cards via a passive adapter and convert them to Face | CompactFlash form factor. The CompactFlash card reader 42 has a 50-pin connector opening or slot 44 for receiving CompactFlash cards. The converter chip 40 exchanges signals with the CompactFlash card 16 and performs data conversion. The CompactFlash card reader 42 is also connected to a PC via a USB connector 46. The converter chip 40 also controls the USB interface connected to the host PC, so that the image file can be transferred from the CompactFlash card 16 to the PC.

The CompactFlash card reader 42 can also read other types of flash g-memory cards. For example, the Memory Stick adapter 34 allows reading of the Memory Stick card 18. Memory Stick adapter 34 has an opening for M em 〇ry S tick card 1 8. At the same time, M em 〇ry S tick adapter 3 4 itself can also be inserted into the 50-pin connector 44 because the Memory Stick The connector 34 has the same size and shape as a CompactFlash card.

CompactFlash card reader 42 With SmartMedia adapter 30, Sm a 1 · t Me d i a card 2 4 can also be selected. Similarly, C 〇 m p a c t F1 a s h card reader 42 can also read with MMC / SD adapter 32

MultiMediaCard 28 or Secure Digital Card 26. 16 92447 200408950 Adapters 30, 32, and 34 are passive adapters. 纟 Only connect the pins from the small flash memory card to the 50-pin compactFlash connector. No active converter U is needed, which greatly reduces its cost and complexity. Card Type Detection-No. 4A to 4E Figures 4A to 4E 呑 Detailed description of the type of flash memory card type detected by the flash card reader. Since the same ~ 〒⑽1-slot can be used for many types of flash memory cards, the detection method is useful, which eliminates the need for the user to clearly indicate which type of flash is inserted into the CompactFlash card reader. Memory card. The inventors carefully checked the interface pins of various flash memory cards, and found that the card type detection can be performed by checking the two address pins. Address pins CE1 and CE2 are 50 pins. The address of the ash interface is the least significant bit (LSB). These pins are usually input to. Please click on the card, and therefore it is driven by the ComFash card reader. When the card reader does not have two forces CE1 and CE2 to the impactFiash card inserted, the [El and CE2 pins are floating or raised to a high level by a lifting resistor. The address pins do not appear on other types of flash memory cards. Instead, addresses and data are multiplexed. For MMC / SD and Memory Suck cards, the address is serial transfer. Using an adapter, the pins from other Quick Bean Cards can be connected to the Compassjqash pins. Pin ce 1-If the user or debt is used, the type of card. For SmartMedia cards, the address is communicated using a special control sequence of 3 or 4 bytes immediately after the start address. [Figure 4A '& display c⑽pactF] CE 1 92447 200408950 and ㈤ pin of ash card reader interface. When the card inserted in the connector 44 is read, the converter chip 40 in the CompactFlash card reader generally drives all u address pins in the CompactFlash interface. The CE pins from the “Flash card” will be inserted into the connection slot 56 of the 50-pin connector 44, and the% pins from the CompactFlash card will be inserted into the connection slot 58. The θ card type detector 50 has two liter resistors added to the lines CE1 and CE2. When there is no converter chip 40 and the connector "drive line CE1 card is not inserted, the resistor 52 will increase the voltage of line ⑶ to the source voltage (Vcc). Similarly, when there is no drive line CE2, resistor two CE2 will be promoted. During the debt test mode, the converter chip μ will be used to input CE1 and 不要 instead of driving ㈤ and CE2. ^% —In Figure 4B, the CompactFIash card is a plug-in connection To facilitate card type detection. CompactF] ash card 16 is inserted into the connector. F CE1 and CE2 are inputs of the compactFlash + 16, so they are not driven by CompactFlash card 16. During the detection mode, the converter The chip 40 also does not drive the pins CE1 and CE2. Therefore, the lines cei and CD2 will be connected and each will be raised by the resistors 52 and 54. The detection logic reading card in the converter chip 40 selects the pins CD0, CD1 in order to detect whether a flash memory card appears. When a new card appears ¥ ', the detection logic will read CE 丨, CE2 as input. If this injection is at a high level, then the converter The detection logic in the chip 40 will be regarded as the status of the El CE2 The ctFlash card has been inserted into the 9244 * 7 2UU4U8950 40 leaving the detection mode and connecting it to the 50-pin connector 44 shown in the figure. Then the interface of the converter chip 44 is constructed as shown in Figure 5

CompactFlash interface. iaCard or Secure Digital. MMC / SD card 28 (If the adapter is not shown, insert the connector. In Figure 4C, insert the MuUiMed card into the connector for card type detection.) Insert the MMC / SD adapter 32, 44 ° in the detection During the mode, the converter chip 40 has a driving pin CE1, so the pin is floating and raised by the resistor 54. The professional card will drive the ⑶ pin to a low level. In the test chip of the converter chip 40, the pin and cm are selected to detect whether there is a flash memory, then the logic will be detected. ^ 田 有 新 卡 I 铒 说 #take as Input pins CE1, CE2. When CE1 is at a low level and CE2 is at a high level ^ a, the gate level is up. The debt test logic of the converter chip 40 will treat CE1 and CE2's lh status as if the card has been inserted into the connector 44. Then the converter chip 40 leaves the pre-test mode and configures its interface with the connector 44 as the MMC / SD interface with 9 pins as shown in Figure 5 later. / In Figure 4D, the —Brain-y Stlck card is inserted into the connector for card type testing. Memory stick card] δ (not shown) is inserted into the Mem "St. Adapter 30 ', which is then inserted into the connector 44. The adapter" does not connect pins CE1, CE2 from the CompactFlash interface to Memory St. ] Any pin on the ck card. The adapter 30 connects the pin cE2 internally from the CompactFiash interface to the ground pin on the compactFjash interface 92447 19 200408950.

The Memory Stick + 廿, + + --34 will automatically ㈤ or ㈤, although the drive will be driven to a low level. Similarly, transfer the crying film 40, and there is no ㈣⑶, CE2 pins during the detection mode. One second is that the foreign connection is raised to a high level by the resistor 52. ^ E1 Detect the read card selection pin CD1 in the converter chip 40 & 々μ, a, to make b τ >, and then test whether there is a flash memory card. When it appears, “the logic detection field”, flat-eared θ mussels are taken as the pins CE1 and CE2 in rotation. On time, it is at the low level. In the converter crystal ". :: 'ear S regards the machine status of CE1 and CE2 as a MemoryStick card! Inserted into connector 44. The yarn type and will cry with connection 44"'-slice 40 The interface of “4” connected to the test module is configured as the Memory Stick interface shown in Figure 5 below. In Figure 4E, the SmartMedia card is inserted into the connector for type detection. S_Medla card 24 (not shown) *) Is inserted into the smartMedia card adapter 34, which is then inserted into the connector 44. The detection logic read card selection pin cm, cm in the converter chip 40 is used to detect whether a flash memory card appears. When When a new card appears, the detection logic will read CE1 and CE2 as turns. If the pins CE1 and CE2 are both low level, the primary test logic in the converter chip 4G will set the LL of CE1 and CE2 The status is regarded as the SmartMedia card has been inserted into the pin mapping (Pin Mapping) ... Figure 5) / Le 5 is shown for Sma]. TMedja, mmc / sd and M⑽ 92447 20 200408950

Pin-to-Compact Adapter Pin Comparison Table. Pin numbers for small interfaces such as SmartMedia, MMC / SD and Memory SUck are not shown in the table, but they can be in any order or label. The adapter connects the appropriate pins on the mini interface to the CompactFlash pin numbers shown in Figure 5. Simple wiring such as single wire, flat cable, printed circuit board (PCB), or winding can be used. The ground pins on the plane i ′ are connected to Co1Tlpact; pins 1 and 50 of piash. The power pins are pins 13 and 38 connected to cmompFiash. Pins 25 and 26 are card detection signals for CompactFiash. This adapter is connected to the card detection signals on all small interfaces.

CompactFlash connector uses pins 2 to 6, 21 to 23, 27

To 31, and 47 to 49 are 16-bit parallel data buses to the CompactFlash card. Pins 8, 10 to 12, and 14 to 20 form separate n-bit address buses. Separating data and address buses enables fast random addressing of CompactFlash cards. Other control signals include the chip enable of pins 6, 3 2, the output enable of pin 9, the write enable of pin 3 6, interrupt pin 37, reset pin 41, and register REQ pin 44. The REG pin 44 is a memory attribute selection, which is defined according to the operating mode of the cF. The CF mode can be PCMCIA I / O mode, IDE or PCMCIA memory mode. Several pins are not connected on the 50-pin interface. The small SmartMedia interface also has an 8-bit parallel data bus. It corresponds to pins 2 to 6 and to of the CompactFlash interface to match the D0 ·· 7 signal of Compactnash. Although not mentioned 92447 200408950

For separate address buses, its address and number B # a person 1 艨 疋 multiplexed transmission. The control message Bluff packet 3 has a latch enable, a write enable, a 叹, Le Tan round enable, and a swap enable. Output enable-OE and write enable_WE are corresponding to

CompactFlash interface has the same function / 36 ° The total number of pins in the SmartMedia interface is 22.

Memory Stick and MMC / SD flash printing 上 Shang Qiu's fe 'card interface is also a small interface ’because there is no parallel data or address bus. On the contrary, the serial data is executed via the serial data pin DI◦, and its counterpart, pin 19 (CE2). The timing of the data is synchronized with the timing sclk pin. The command signal CMD or BS occupies pin 20 (CE i). The system and Memory Stlck interface require only 6 pins plus power and ground pins. Detect logic read card selection pin in converter chip 40. CD 1 to detect if a flash memory card appears. When a new card appears, the detection logic will read the pins CE1, CE2 as input, and the card type. The behavior of the lifting resistor in Figure 4A, as well as the wiring and cards inside the adapter, determines whether CE1, CE2 are lifted by the adapter or by the lifting resistor to a high level. Evening slot multi-flash card reader-Fig. 6 Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a multi-slot embodiment of a flash card reader. Although 隹 / r / r 勹 ... '' The single-slot embodiment in Figure 3B will result in a smaller physical design, but sometimes a larger flash card reader is required in order to have separate uses; various quick Different types of slots for flash memory card types, rather than having a single slot. This eliminates the need for adapters or slots with multiple connectors. 92447 200408950 installed in flash card reader 42

CompactFlash card 16 50-pin CompactFlash connector 62, Multi-MediaCard 28 or Secure Digital card 26-pin MMC / SD connector 64, SmartMedia card 22 22-pin SmartMedia connector 66. Memory stick connector 68 for 10 pins of stlCk + 18. Each of these four connectors 62, 64, 66, 68 transmits a signal to the converter chip 40. The converter chip 40 detects when a flash memory card is inserted into one of the connectors 62, 64, 66, and 68, and constructs itself from the inserted interface using the pin interface corresponding to the card type in FIG. 5 Card to read files. The converter chip 40 executes various routines to perform signal exchange with the flash memory card and receive data in a serial or parallel manner. The data is buffered and then transferred to the host pC20 via the USB connector 46. The conversion to the chip 40 generates a suitable USB signal of the ς 'ρΑ & Α' House King Ida in order to transfer the data to the host PC or any computer system 20. There are different connectors in the flash card reader 42. , "," And 68 different slots for card-to-card conversion. For example, use = change-"chip 4" to take serial data from Memory Stick inserted into connector 68 'to convert it into parallel data and write it into connector M and CompactFlash card 16, and receive ten A Mouth & can transfer images of Memory Stlck + 18 shirts or other files to compactFlash +] Can specify different for various flash cards in connectors 62, 64, 66, * " The drive disk is marked with letters such as e :, f :, g :, and h_. In this embodiment, the flash card reader 42 is contained in an external casing 9244 7 200408950, which is connected via a USB cable. To the host 20. Of course, other cables and interfaces such as IEEE 1394 FireWire can also be replaced. Flash Card Reader in PC Figures 7 to 8 Figure 7 shows the flash memory card reader in the PC. The flash card reader 42 is provided with four slots and four connectors. 50-pin CompactFlash connector 62 for cmoFiFi + 16, 9-pin MMC / SD connector 64 for MuhiMediaCard 28 or _ Digital card 26 '22-pin smartMedia connector 66 for = SmartMedia + 24, and Memory with 10 pins, such as 仏 connected state 68 is suitable for Memory Stick card 18. Each of these four connectors 62, 64, 66, 68 transmits its signal to the converter chip 40. Converter chip 40 means when to test flash memory card :: connect! Device 62, 64, 66, 68-and construct itself * 1 Use the pin interface corresponding to the card type in the figure 5 from the inserted card

Read the file. The operating system can specify different drive letter designations for various flash memory cards in the connector MUM and Hexin, such as e :, f :, g :, and h :. ^ 丨 ”In the example, the mad cat exchanges the flash signal with the track line and receives the data in a serial or parallel manner. The data is two, read and then transmitted via the internal USB bus in the PC 20. The converter chip 40 generates an appropriate interface signal to transfer the data to the CPU 21. The 1st and 8th illustrations show the pc de > Ganshi shirt bucket. The branch Λ again has a ... brother memory card machine in one of the drive compartments. PC2Q is surrounded by a base or chassis, which has 92447 24 200408950 Device compartment so that users or manufacturers can plug in peripheral devices. The XII II is a drive, floppy disk drive, optical disc or digital video and magnetic ▼ drive. HDD compartment 72, and -... contains The floppy disk = the wrong one is connected to the card plugged into the motherboard by: A: ^ he expands the bus connector card. Or its flash card reader 42 is inserted into one of the slots facing up ， Makes # 用去 力 口 口 口 compartment. Four plug-in allows the user to insert flash memory C, such as preparing the male cup ~ ~ month and the card into the flash card to insert the disc into the FDD compartment Time 74 users buckle the disc drive. The user can easily install it from the store 42, or this card reader wall can be stopped by the flash card manufacturer. Install it. 17 (〇EM ) Or zero-pass digital images used by the digital camera, can not read many two-card open ", Different types of flash memory nurses for flash card readers. For illustration purposes only, the digital camera flash card reader's ten-picture data transfer is shown here. Figure 9 is _ Yu Shangshi ^ Independent type Flash card reader 80m _ Gan Huixi's type of flash memory 恃 m no, //, acceptable 丨 heart month and 卞 and can copy the image to mobile beech / private without master Situation PC. Although you ca n’t do it ^ There are n’t always… besides digital photographers ... J ’s purchase of extra flash notes has changed, but this + ~ card and in digital cameras need to capture many high-resolution, Not 'especially when traveling for a long time, # 用去 ...'. Do not have a PC at 4 inches. Users may be limited to six flash memory cards. 92447 25 200408950 The flash card reader 80 is provided with four slots and four connectors. 50-pin commpactFlash connector 62 is suitable for commpactFiash card 1, 6, 9-pin MMC / SD connector 64 is suitable for MuhiMediaCard or Secure Digitai card 26, 22-pin ^ ⑽ connector 66 for SmartMedia + 2 [and ι〇 pin

Stick Connection Kit 68 is suitable for Memory Stick cards 1 8. Each of these four connectors 62, 64, 66, 68 transmits a signal to the converter chip 40. The converter chip 40 uses a sensor card selection line CD0 and cm to measure when the flash memory card is inserted into the connector ... ",", ", one of the"-"and constructs itself using the f5 diagram. The pin interface corresponding to the card type reads files from the inserted card. The converter chip 40 executes various routines in order to execute the flash memory card Λ number and then to receive data in a serial or sub-column manner. The data is buffered and then transferred to the host M2 via the USB connector 46 or to a removable mass storage device 70. The converter chip 40 generates the appropriate SB " surface flooding " in order to transfer the data to the host pc2O. The converter chip 40 also generates a control signal to the removable large-capacity storage device, so that the image data read from the flash memory card can be written to a mobile disk 7 and the wide-disk drive 76 can be standard or high density月 Disc month, tape, rewritable disc, or other such as raised by Minnesota, USA

Τ ς 1 9 Chu 1 S 1 2 0 Temple Media provided by Oakdale, or by Utah

ZIρ driver provided by Iomega of Roy. The operating system can assign different drive letter designations to the flash memory cards in connectors 62, ",", and ⑽, such as e :, f :, £ :, and 92447 26 h. Can also be the eve alphabet. The designated mass storage device 70 of the heart is designated as "flash-reading image dry copying", and when the machine 80 is not connected to the host PC 20, it is also possible to transfer travel clothes and clothing to a removable mass storage device 70. The user can carry the i # smart, flash-readable card reader 80 in the smart box, which allows the user to download the image to the line Beasler series 76. Because the flash disk 76 usually has more Gao Qiaogeng ^ mountain and 0 each quantity, so when the host can not access p C 2 0 can also capture many days 3 M ^ ..., film. Flash card reader 80 can be set with battery power or a dedicated AC converter. &Quot; A flash card reader 80 is provided with a simple user interface, which includes a light emitting diode LED 78 and a button 79. When the user inserts the flash memory card into the connectors 62, 64, One of 66, and 68, and when the mobile disk is inserted into the removable mass storage device 70, the user can press the button 79 °. This will actuate the connectors 62, 64, 66, and 68. Which one has a memory card ^ Transformer crystal # 4〇, and copy the image file to Moving large-capacity storage device 70. LED78 can be programmed to flash during the copying process and continue to light up when the copying is completed, and vice versa. Gu can provide users with simple visual instructions during the copying process .5 Can use extra led indicator light, or other flashing configuration or color to indicate that an error occurred. Converter chip one-Figure 10 Figure 10 shows the conversion chip used for flash memory card reader 4 0 The converter chip 40 can be realized by using commercially available Japanese-made Japanese and Japanese films. This chip can be planned to read and write blood /, flash memory card card 92447 27 200408950 Connector or USB interface, I / O pins connected by fish technology. Many different control and heart change routines can be written and compiled in RAM / R0M9U. After the iron, CPU 92 will execute these examples A ... Tian _, Ding Ya Wang Xu. The animal can insert a flash memory card to sense a high level of scanning procedure. &Quot; Another specific memory card after the "after: 92, began to implement this kind of flash memory, custom private order. Subroutines can then be called for conversion and use. Xia Xia :: Type I / O GPI0 99 sets a register or port 1/0 for driving the conversion "The external 1/0 pin of the chip 40, or the chip for the converter." Feng Ji's compilation level or voltage. The CPU 92 can read the internal register, which is from the connector ..., to the converter chip 4. The control signal of the 1 / 〇 pin is transmitted The control signal to the flash memory card is temporarily switched by writing U0 to the control signal in GPIO 99. The on-level and low-level timer 96 can be used to explicitly calculate that the control signal has continued The time required. For example, the control Xu and HU * must specify a specific number of microseconds. The CPU92 can find the register in GPI0 99 and start the timer. When the specific time has passed, the timer will count. Device% ^ CPU 96 9? -¾ Exclusive transport interruption signal .. CPU 96, 92 or CPU 92 can continuously or weekly query Dagger 6 to determine when a specific time has elapsed. Then, coffee 92 can write ... Registered in the GPIq99 register, and therefore caused the transition to 0. It is also said that you move: register 98 is connected The sum of the data clock 64, 68 'from the connector. When reading data from the flash memory card, the clock will generate a pulse to synchronize the data transmission with 92447 28 200408950. The shifter 98 is one bit of data for each clock pulse: ten bits (serial) or characters (parallel). A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) can be performed on the data to detect errors. #When an error is detected, cpu92 may need to resend data from the flash memory card. The data read by the private bit 98 can be transferred to the buffer in RAM / R0M 94 through the internal bus for storage. Later, the cpu π I executes a routine to transfer this data from the RAM / ROM 94 to the USB interface 10 and then the USB interface 101 transfers the data to the host PC via an external USB connection. When a removable mass storage device appears, some I / O pins from the GPIO 99 are connected to the removable mass storage device or a separate disk controller can be provided in the conversion chip 40. Advantages of a flash card reader that can use a PC or can read multiple types of flash memory cards without a PC. The universal adapter for flash memory cards can accept many different types of cards. This adapter can receive SmartMedia, MuhiMediaCai d,

Secure Digita: l, and Memory Stick cards. Flash card with a single slot The card reader can accept any type of card by using an adapter. The special detection logic on the flash card reader can distinguish the differences between many flash card modes. Low-profile passive adapters do not require expensive converter chips. Multi-card readers are ideal for PCs. However, a stand-alone flash card reader can copy an image slot from a flash card without using a PC. In addition, you can use this card reader to prepare (format and delete) the media to be used in the device. The universal master transition state register is constructed by using the form factor of C o m p a c t F1 a s h card 29 92447 200408950. Then read the c⑽paetFlash card reader to read = ,: other flash memory cards of FIash adapter. This material is simple and cheap, but it is not cheap | Miscellaneous sheep only change σσ day to month passive transfer cry. The proposed format from compact flash card to compactFlash. Pin comparison makes it easy to detect the type of flash memory card of the Dragon Adapter. Therefore, the electronic primary test using the CompactFiash card reader can automatically perform the primary test of the flash memory card type. The cmfactFiash card reader can be modified to execute this card type. Signal conversions such as serial to parallel are performed by the FlashFlash card reader rather than by the adapter. Therefore, while reducing the cost of the adapter, the cost of the howling card reader can be increased only slightly. CompactFlash card reader can use a single

CompactFlash slot reads multiple types of flash cards, including

SmartMedia > MultiMediaCard ^ SeeUreDigltai; Me] ^ and CompactFlash. Another embodiment of a flash card reader that can read multiple types of flash memory cards using a PC or without a PC. The present invention proposes many other embodiments. It can support different flash card formats such as Smart cards, and the slot included in a multi-card flash card reader can be less than or equal to the four slots #. There are other adapters available for the newer flash formats of single-slot CompactFlash card readers. Any device that needs to control the bus, clock, data bus, and address bus can be designed to be inserted into this slot. Examples of such devices include, but are not limited to, D S L modems, fingerprint security devices, micro hard drives, etc. Although in the description of the present invention is connected to a personal computer pc host, 30 92447 200408950, the host may also be an Apple computer such as iMAC or G3. This host can also be a SUN computer, or any host computer using a USB or IDE interface. The present invention can also be applied to a personal digital assistant (PDA) such as a palmtop computer or other palmtop devices such as a wireless telephone with a USB function. The term "CompactFlash card reader" is used for brevity, because digital images are usually read from a flash memory card and then written to the PC. However, the CompactFlash card reader can be read from a PC or from other flash memory cards Take the file and write the file to the flash memory card. Therefore, the CompactFlash card reader is actually a reader / writer. In another embodiment, the compactFlash card reader is slightly larger ^ and has multiple Slot. In this embodiment, an adapter is not required. On the contrary, it is such as SmartMedia, MuitiMediaCard, Secure Digital,

Each flash memory card format, such as Memory SUck and CompactFlash, provides a slot. You can also add PCMCIA slots. This card reader can be “connected to a pc” via USB, or it can be set in the pc case. In the third embodiment, the CompactFlash card reader is a stand-alone device, which can be operated without a PC. It includes There are mobile media such as R / w — R⑽. The images from the flash memory card are copied to the mobile media using the C⑽P «card reader. It uses a simple interface, such as the user pressing the button to start the image transmission. The foregoing description of the embodiment in which the file copying has been completed may also be displayed on a display device such as an LCD screen for illustration purposes. Also, the present invention is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific form proposed. Anything according to the present invention is possible. The scope of the present invention is not clearly limited, but is limited by the scope of the patent application attached below. PC can be read with or without PCgp. Description of the flash card reader The universal adapter proposed by the U flash 4 body card modification is constructed by using the CombompFIash card to open the card. Then the card reader that reads the compactFIash card can be inserted into this compact. Other flash memory cards for Flash adapters. This adapter is a simple, inexpensive, passive adapter that does not require a converter chip. 0 Although the above-mentioned small flash card readers can effectively perform their stated purposes, In some cases, it cannot effectively utilize the integrated device electronics () "surface. There are several reasons why compact flash readers can take advantage of the IDE interface. First, the mE interface is a proven interface and can easily be used as an interface for devices such as digital cameras and printers, so it is expected that this chip can be used in its devices. Third, the speed of the mE interface is not fast and can accelerate the transfer rate of the device. Many systems have IDE ports (because only two or at most three of all four IDE ports are already in use). Finally, for 100% of all PCs / Macs, it is possible to install the front panel on the ide interface. However, in many newer systems, an internal expansion slot for USB is used. The system and method according to the present invention makes it possible to replace the USB interface with an IDE interface. This will allow the built-in flash card reader to be placed on the front panel of a PC ', which is similar to putting a CDROM into the front panel. In order to further explain the characteristics of the present invention, 92447 32 200408950, reference will now be made to the following description. Universal Passive Adapter Figure 11 shows a CompactFlash card reader that can read SmartMedia, MultiMediaCard, Secure Digital, and Memory Stick flash memory cards to Compact Flash form factors through a passive IDE adapter. The CompactFlash card reader 42 has an opening or slot having a 50-pin connector 44 for receiving a CompactFlash card 16. The IDE converter chip 140 performs signal exchange with the CompactFlash card 16 and performs data transmission. The CompactFlash card reader 42 is also connected to the PC via an IDE connector 146. The IDE converter chip 140 also controls the connection of the IDE interface to the host PC, so that the images can be transferred from the compactFIash card 16 to the PC. Other types of flash memory cards can also be purchased from the CompactFlash card reader 42. By way of example, the Memory stick adapter 34 makes it possible to read the memory stick card 18. The Memory Stick adapter 34 has an opening for the applicable party and the Memoiy Stick card 18. At the same time, the Memory Stick adapter 34 can also be inserted into the 50-pin connector 44 because the adapter has the same form factors as the CompactFlash card. . The SmartMedia adapter 30 can also be used to read the Smai-tMedia card 24 through the compactFlash card reader 42. Similarly, MultiMediaCar or Card 26 can be read using adapter 32. The adapters 3G, 32, and 34 are passive adapters, which only connect the pins from a small flash memory card to a 50-pin combo connection. Instead of an active converter chip, this greatly Reduce cost and complexity 92447 200408950. Card type detection Le 12A to 12E details the flash memory card type debt test performed by the cmcompFlash card reader. Because the same CompactFlash slot is used for many different types of flash memory cards, a detection method is needed so that users do not have to specify the type of flash memory card inserted into the CompactFlash card reader. • The inventors have carefully checked the pins of the interface to which various flash memory cards are connected, and have found that the type detection can be performed by checking the two pins. Pins CE1 and CE2 are chip enable pins for addressing the 50-pin pin-to-heart interface. These pins are usually input to the compactFiash card and can therefore be driven by a CompactFlash card reader. When the card reader does not drive CEl CE2 to the inserted FlashFlash card, the CE1 and CE2 pins will be connected externally or raised to a high level by a lifting resistor. No address pins appear in other types of flash memory cards. In contrast, addresses and data are multiplexed. For mmc / sd and

Stick and 3, the address is serial transmission. Using the adapter, the pins from other flash cards and Um cards can be connected to the 〇rnpactFiash pins. Pin ce]. Use of spear CE2; type of detection card. For smartMedia, the address is transmitted by using a special control sequence of 3 or 4 bytes after the start address using $. In Figure 1 2 A, the CE1 and CE2 pins of the cmfactFiash card reader interface are highlighted. When the card inserted into the connector 44 is read, the ID £ converter chip 14 in the CompactFlash card reader usually drives 92447 200408950 to move all address pins in the CompactFlash interface. When the CE1 pin from the CompactFlash card is inserted into the connector socket 156, the CE2 pin from the CompactFlash card is inserted into the connector socket 158 of the 50-pin connector 44. The card type detection module 150 has two lifting resistors connected to the line 丨 and CE2. When there is no IDE converter chip 14 and the card driving line CE1 of the connector 44 is not inserted, the resistor 152 will raise the line EO to the power supply voltage Vcc. Similarly, when line CE2 is not driven, resistor 154 will raise line CE2 to a high level. During the detection mode, the mE converter chip 140 is planned not to drive the lines CE1, CE2 but to use it as an input to the debt detector logic. / In Figure 12B, CompactFlash + is inserted into the connector for card type detection. The CompactFlash card 16 is inserted into a connector 44. Since CE1 and CE2 are input to the CompactF] ash card 16, they are not driven by the compactF] ash card 16. During the detection mode, the lm converter chip 140 also does not drive the lines cE 丨 and CE2. Therefore, the detection logic of the lines CE !, CE2 will be floating and raised to the high level by the resistors 152, 154, respectively, and the CE I, card will have been inserted into the connector 44. Mode and connect it with the connector 44 in the IDE conversion chip. The detection logic reads the card selection pins CD0 and CD1 in order to detect whether a flash memory card appears. When a new card appears, the detection logic reads the pins cE1, € 2 as inputs. If both inputs are at a high level, the HH state of CE2 in the IDE converter chip is regarded as c0mpaciF] ash and then the IDE converter chip} 4〇 The interface for leaving detection is constructed as shown in Figure 5 92447 200408950 for a 50-pin CompactFlash interface. In Fig. 12C, ‘MultiMediaCard’ is inserted into the connector for card type detection. MuhiMedia (: ai_d28 (not shown) and SecureDigital + 26 (not shown) are plugged into MMC / SD adapter 32, which is then plugged into connector_44 (not shown). The IDE converter chip 14G will not Drive pin ⑶ and CE2. Therefore pin ㈤ is floating and is raised to the high level by resistor 154. The CE1 pin is driven to the low level by the MMC card. The detection logic in the IDE converter chip 140 Read the card selection pins CD0 and CD1 to determine whether a flash memory card appears. When a new card appears, the detection logic will read CE1 and cE2 as inputs. When the low level and CE2 are high level The IDE test chip in the i4〇 field test logic will consider the LH status of CE1, CE2 as MMC * SD card has been inserted into the connector 44. Then the IDE converter chip 14 leaves the tilt mode and connects it to the connector The 44 interface is constructed as shown in Figure 5 for a yfMC / SD interface with φ 9 pins. "In Figure 12D, the Memory Stlck card is inserted into the connector for card form detection. Memory Stlck + 18 (not shown) is plugged into Memory Stlck adapter 34, which is Connect to connector 44 (not shown. Adapter 34 does not connect pins ⑶ and ㈤ from c. Read the μ interface to any pin on the Me_y Stick card. Adapter 34 connects pin CE2 from inside the CompactFIash interface. Connect to a ground pin on the C0〒Qin 讣 interface.

Mezaki stick cards do not drive ⑶ or ㈤, although the adapter 92447 36 3 4 drives pins c Ε 2 for 仏, 隹 1 and Xia Li to a low level. Similarly, IDe is 1 to 40 in the detection mode. Japanese and Japanese films during the time when the oyster shell became I-shaped, Asia will not be floating and cry by the resistance 152 "p pin CE1 port. Raise to the South level. In the IDE conversion cry By y ly1A 1 f The detection logic foot CDO and CD1 within 140 are taken by ❹ 日 # 取 卡 4 to pick up the mountain to detect whether there is a flash memory card. When a new card appears, the detection logic will read as a rotation CE1, CE2 fields. * CE1 is the high level and cE2 is the low field _ ^,. T in the 1DE converter chip 140

The detection logic inside will place the H card of CEbCE2 into your hands and weeping. . Heart-shaped, regarded as Memory Stick

,、 工 Connection thief 44. Then the IDE switched to Cryptophone, Yu Yu, and Supervisor Gan Gui, and exchanged the daily film 140. The interface between it and the connector 44 was constructed as the connector 44 for the Memory Stick interface as shown in Figure 5. … ^ No. 1 π ^ The card is inserted into a connector for car τ connection β 3 0, and then connected to connector 44. The IDE converter chip 14. The detection logic read card selects pin ⑽ and CD1 to check whether a flash memory card appears. When there is a new card, ‘Leisure Logic’ will read the input pins ㈤ and 作为. When ㈤ and ㈤ are both low. The to-be-tested logic in the gamma converter chip 140 will treat the LL states of CE1 and CE2 as if the s_Me-card has been inserted into the connector 44. Furthermore, this comparison is only for example, and many changes without departing from the spirit of the present invention can be substituted. Pin comparison (P i)] jyf apping) Refer to Figure 5 again, which shows the pins for s_tMedia, C / SD, and MemQ] .yStiek to c_paetnash adapter 92447 37 200408950 ^ Unselected pin numbers are shown for small interfaces such as SmartMedia, MMC / SD and Memoiy Stick, but they can be in any order or I. already. The adapter will connect the appropriate pins on the small interface to the cmfFUFU pin numbers as shown in Figure 5. Simple wiring such as single wire, flat cable, printed circuit board (pcB), or wire can be used. The ground pins on the small interface are pins 1 and 50 connected to CompactFlash. The power pins are pins 13 and 38 connected to CompactFlash. Pins 25 and 26 are card detection signals for cmFlash. This adapter is connected to the card detection signals of all small interfaces.

The CompactFlash connector uses pins 2 to 6, 21 to 23, 27 to 31, and 47 to 49 as the 16-bit parallel data bus to connect to the flashFlash card. Pins 8, 10 to 12, and 14 to 20 form separate 11-bit address buses. Separating the data and address buses enables fast random addressing of CompactFlash cards. Other control signals include chip enable on pins 6, 32, output enable on pin 9, write enable on pin 36, interrupt pin 37, reset pin 41, and register reg Pin 44. The REG pin 44 is a memory attribute selection, which is defined according to the operating mode of the cF. The CF mode can be PCMCIA I / O mode, IDE or PCMCIA memory mode. Several pins are not connected on the 50-pin interface. The small SmartMedia interface also has an 8-bit parallel data bus. It corresponds to pins 2 to 6 and 21 to 23 of the C o m p a c t F] a s h interface, respectively, so as to match the DO: 7 signal of the CompactFlash. Although no separate address bus is provided, its address and data are multiplexed. Control message 92447 200408950 Blind includes pick-up enable, write enable and protection, output enable and exchangeable enable. Output enable-OE and write enable-WE corresponds to pin 9 and pin 36 of the CompactFlash interface which have the same function. in

The total number of pins in the SmartMedia interface is 22.

Memory Stick and MMC / SD flash memory card interfaces are also small, so there is no parallel data or address bus. In contrast, the serial data is executed via the serial data pin DATAI0, which corresponds to pin 19 (A1 data is timed by the timing synchronized with the timing serclk on pin 18). The command signal CMD "BmET occupies pin / (AO). The MMC / SD & Memory Stick interface requires only ^ support pins plus power and ground pins. The other pins are unused. In IE ^ Tu-Tai-Plus One ·

And the characteristics of the card determine whether CE1, C?

CD0, the pins CE1 and CE2 of the CD are connected to the connector and the adapter. 驱动 Driven by the adapter to the low position. When it appears, it is determined whether the card is raised or raised to a high level by the lifting resistor. Evening slot multi-flash card reader

92447 39 200408950

CompactFlash card 16 of 50 pins (CompactFlash connector 162, MultiMediaCard 28 or Secure Digita) [Card% 9-pin MMC / SD connector 164, SmartMedia card 24 22-pin SmartMedia connector 166, and for

Memory stick connector 168 with 10 pins of the Stick card 18. Each of these four connectors 162, 164, 166, 168 transfers it to the IDE converter chip 14o. The IDE converter chip 14 detects one of He Xinshi's flash memory card inserted into the connector, 62, 1, 64, 1 66,} 68 'and builds it by itself. Figure 5 corresponds to the card. The type of pin interface reads the slot from the inserted card. The IDE converter chip executes various routines in order to perform signal exchange with the flash memory card and receive data in a serial or parallel manner. The data is buffered and then transmitted to the host pc 20 via the ID] E connector M6. The IDE conversion chip 14 generates an appropriate IDE interface signal for transmitting data to the host PC 20. • Make the flash card reader 42 have different slots for different connectors 162, 164, 16 6 1 6 8 for card-to-card conversion. For example, use an IDE converter chip! 4〇 Read from the connector 丨 6 8

The serial data of the Memory Stlck card is converted into parallel data and written into the connector 162 and the CompactFlash card 16 to transfer the data from Mem〇iy.

Images or other files from the Stick Card 18 can be transferred to the CompactFiash card. The operating system can specify different drive disc identification letters for various flash memory cards in the connector] 62, ι64, 166, 168, such as e :, f :, g :, and h: 〇92447 200408950 is implemented here In the example, the flash card reader 42 is contained in an external casing, and is connected to the host 20 via an IDE cable. Of course, other cables and interfaces such as IEEE 13 94 FireWire can also be replaced. Flash Card Reader in PC Figure 14 shows a flash memory card reader using an IDE adapter chip in a PC. The flash card reader 42 is provided with four slots and four connectors. 50-pin C0mpactFlash connector 162 for

CompactFlash card 16, 9-pin MMC / SD connector 164 is suitable for MultiMediaCard 28 or Secure Digital card 26, 22-pin SmartMedia connector 166 is suitable for ^ buckle-card 2 core and pin memory stick The connector 168 is suitable for Memory sti & card 18. Each of the four connection states 1 62, 1 64, 1 66, 1 68 transmits its signal to the IDE converter chip 14d. Measure when the flash memory card is inserted into connectors i 62, i 64, 66, 68

First, it is constructed to read the file from the inserted card using the pin interface corresponding to the card type in FIG. 5. The operating system may perform various routines for converting the connector IDE to the chip 140 to perform signal exchange with the flash memory card and receive data in a serial or parallel manner. The advanced order buffer is transmitted to the CPU 21 in the fast PC 20 via the internal ide bus. τη 亡 士 土 IDk converter chip interface signal in order to transfer data to the CPU 21 14 〇 Generate appropriate

Each flash memory card in IDE 92447 1 66 1 68 specifies a different drive letter. For example, e :, f 200408950 flash card reader V 1 15 The picture shows an icon with an ide card reader. H & μ & 's independent flash read is connected to the host PC and pulls the card, and can copy the image to the mobile photographer without oily, hard disks under U condition. In digital photography, I have a PC in my heart. Although it is possible to purchase a card and replace the flash memory in the digital camera and replace it in the digital camera, it is very expensive, especially the e # ZU limb card. Sometimes Pbe knows when you need to capture many high resolution The product category is when there is no image of PC / Bo Liwuzhudu. The characteristic C is limited to the capacity of the flash memory card when traveling for a long time. Tested this fake article The card machine 180 is provided with four slots and four connectors. 50 = ㈣C. ⑽⑽lash connector 162 is suitable for C. ㈣ カ ㈣ MMC / SD connector with 6,9 pins] 64 is suitable for ^ Medi heart d28〇⑽—such as card 26,22 pin maitMedia connector 166 is suitable for card μ, and 10 pins The Memory Stlck connector 168 is suitable for ^] [Yaka 18]. Each of these four connectors 162, 164, 166, 168 transmits its signal to the IDE converter crystal β 140. The Gamma converter crystal moon 14 uses the sensor card to select the signal CD. , Cm, which is used to measure when a flash memory card is inserted into one of the connectors 162, 164, 166, and 168, and construct itself using the pin interface corresponding to the card type in Figure 5 from the inserted Card reads files. IDE converter chip] 40 executes various routines in order to perform signal exchange with flash memory cards and receive data in series or in parallel. Number 92447 200408950 According to the first buffer eclipse, α friends Punch and then via the IDE connector M

20 or transfer it to the host PC 6 / ι 丄 ^ can be shipped to the host PC chip to generate the appropriate ^ H17Q ° ID ^ converter crystal converter chip II: data transfer to the host PC 2 °, 17. From the flash memory, moving the large-capacity storage device 砗 176. Xuan Xugui Bei Pi] ~ Image data can be written into action: writable, 176 can be standard or high-density floppy discs, magnetic ^ kd discs, or other such as by Imationof mega of Minnesota . The ZIP driver provided by R ° y cries. The operating system can designate different drive disc identification letters for various flash 5 memory cards in the connectors 162, 164, ^ 6, and 168, such as e :, f :, g :, and h \ ^ 7, which are considered removable A-capacity storage device] 7G designated drive disk label when the flash card reader 180 is not connected to the host PC2. At this time, the image file can also be copied to the removable mass storage device 170. The user can carry the flash card reader 180 with him during the trip, so that the user can download the image file to the mobile player] redundant m ^ /,. Q is a mobile disc] 7 6 is usually a faster flash memory. The second card has a higher density capacity, so when the host PC 20 cannot be accessed, it can capture the final photos. The flash card reader i 80 can be equipped with battery power or its dedicated AC converter. The optional coffee display can be used to preview file names or images. ... the flash card reader 180 is equipped with a simple user interface, including a LED 178 and a button 179. When the user inserts the flash memory card into one of the connectors 162, 164, and 齢] 6S, and inserts the removable disk 92447 43 200408950 m into the removable large-capacity storage I 17G, the user can press * New 1 79. This will actuate the IDE converter chip # 40 to determine the connection mode, 164, 166, 168-which has a memory card inserted, and the image: 禝: to a removable mass storage device 1 7 . LEd】 78 can be planned as = flashing during copying, and will continue to light up when copying is completed, and vice versa. This is intended to provide the user with a simple visual indication during the copy process. An additional LED indicator, or other flashing configuration or color can be used to indicate an error. IDE converter chip 1 40

FIG. 16 is a diagram # showing an IDE adapter chip 140 for a flash memory card reader. A micro controller chip that can be purchased on the material can realize the IDE converter chip 14o. This chip can be planned to read and write the 1/0 pin of the flash memory card connector and the IDE interface. Many different control and conversion routines can be written and programmed in ram / r0M. These routines are then executed by the CPU 192. When inserting the flash memory card, you can sense the high-level scanning program. After that, Η] he started to execute another specific routine of this kind of flash memory card '㈣ can call the subroutine for conversion and exchange. General-purpose input / output GPI0 199 Set register or port 1/0 for 'driving external M pin of IDE converter chip 140, or for IDE converter chip] 40 Read the logic level on the input pin Or voltage. cpu I% can read the register in GPIO] 99, which is written by the control signal from the connector 162, 以, ⑽, 168 to the 1/0 pin of the IDE converter chip 14 . The control signal sent to the flash memory card is switched between the batch π% m level and the low level by writing 92447 44 200408950 1 or 0 in GPIO 199. High-level register

The time meter = 196 can be used to explicitly calculate the control signal that needs to last. The 192 control signal needs to specify a specific number of microseconds. In CPU 196 = write to the register in rml99 and start in the timer. Interrupt signal. The second time, the CPU 192 may continuously or periodically query the date 196 to determine when a specific time has elapsed. Then, the CPU 192 can write the 0 π 0 π signal written in the GPIO 199 signal from 丨 to. . ... save ... thereby causing control shifter 198 to be connected to connector 164 (not shown), ⑽ = data and clock signals. When data is read from the flash memory card, a clock pulse is generated in order to synchronize the data transmission. The shifter 198 clocks one bit (serial) or character (parallel) of the data for each clock pulse. Logarithmic_line cyclic redundancy check (CRC) to detect errors. When testing CPU B 192, it is necessary to retransmit data 0 from the flash memory card. The data read by the shifter 198 can be transmitted to the buffer in RAM / ROM 194 through the internal bus 19. Save. Later, CPU 1 92 can execute a routine to transfer this data from Ram / Rom to IDE interface 200. The IDE interface 200 then transmits the data to the host PC via an external IDE connection. When a removable mass storage device appears, some I / O pins from GPIO 199 will be connected to the removable mass storage device 'or a separate disk 92447 45 can be set in the IDE converter chip I 40 200408950 controller. As is well known, the IDE interface supports only one actuator for each connector. Therefore, in the system and method according to the present invention, special IDE commands must be provided so that the interface can be expanded. Generally speaking, in a PC slot, there is a primary slot and a secondary slot. Therefore, in the preferred embodiment, two new instructions from the CPU 192 are required. The first instruction is to wake up the device using a converter chip, and the second instruction is to identify the device. Y 7 The first instruction to wake up the device may be as follows··

CompactFlash + SmartMedia + Mem〇ryStick + MUhiMediaCard + Secure Digital Card, the card reader should be described as follows: -0 nn 0 0 〇mm OxFE Where: -nn is set to i to wake up the device, and set to 〇 to make the status inactive Active (the default is to disable the device). It is confirmed that the pins on the chip are at a low level at the time of start-up to ensure that the device is in use until it receives, wakes up, and commands. Don't do _mm Hook up when the device is connected to the primary slot, and OxFO when connected to the secondary slot. Used to read / write RAM / ROM 1 94 筮 筮-* 八 * & VI ... The younger brother of Gan 丄 一 才 才 load a number of temporary descendants, as shown below-0 nn y 0 〇〇nilTl 〇xFD Where: -nn is the number of bytes written / read-y is 1 for reading, 0 is for writing -mm is χχ〇 when the device is connected to the main slot , And OxFO when connected to the 92447 46 200408950 secondary slot. Therefore, with the present invention, the primary and secondary slot expansion converters can handle multiple devices. Filling can pass

IDE can take advantage of PC or do not need a PC to read the advantages of Dura-type flash card readers. Various types of flash memory cards are converted cards. Secure card readers. Finished). Fu Jiejie can accept many different types of flash memory cards. In order to receive this media, SmartMedia, MultiMediaC,

Digital, and Memory Stick cards. Flash card with single slot By using the adapter, you can receive any type of card. Special detection logic in flash cards can discriminate the differences between many flash cards. Low Passive adapters do not require expensive converter chips. ^ 袼] Very applicable party "C. However, a stand-alone flash card reader can read from the flash image without using a PC. In addition, it can also be used as a preparation for the medium to be used in the device (Formatting and deleting ^ The universal adapter is constructed by the form factor of the CompactFlash card. Then the reader of the CompactFlash card can read any other flash memory card inserted into this CompactFlash adapter. This The adapter is a simple, cheap, passive adapter that does not require a converter chip. The proposed pin comparison from the compact flash card format to ConipactFlas: h makes it easy to detect the flash inserted into the adapter. Penalty of the memory card. Therefore, the CompactFlash card reader can be used to automatically perform flash memory card type detection using electronic detection. The CompactF can be modified] ash money mouth shell (v " 92447 47 200408950 machine to execute this card Type detection θ w The signal conversion such as serial to parallel etc. is performed by CGmpaetFlashl1 card machine rather than by the adapter. So you can reduce the cost of the adapter and only increase c0m slightly. The cost of pactFlash card reading. CompactFlash green, ι. __,

Sh 5 Beka machine can use a single

CompactFlash slot reads multiple types, SmartMedia, MuItiMediaCard and CompactFlash 〇 Shaanxi flash card types, which include

Secuie Digital, Memory Stick. Another embodiment of a modified flash card machine that can read multiple types of flash memory cards using a PC or without a PC. The present inventor has proposed many other embodiments. It can support different flash card formats such as Sma " cards, etc., and the multi-card flash card reader can contain more or less samples than the four slots shown. There are other adapters available for the newer flash formats of CompactFlash card readers. Any device that needs to control the bus, timing, data bus and address bus: meter: can be inserted into this slot. Examples of such devices include, but are not limited to, DSL modems, fingerprint security devices, micro hard drives, digital cameras, video cameras, etc. Although in the description of the present invention is a PC host connected to a personal computer, the host may also be an Apple computer such as iMAC or G3. This host can also be a SUN computer 'or any computer host using an IDE interface. The present invention can also be applied to personal digital assistants such as palmtop computers (pDA, or other palmtop devices such as IDE-enabled wireless phones. For the sake of brevity, the term "CompactFlash card reader" is used because digital images are usually taken from The flash memory card reads and then writes to the PC ^ However, the 92447 48 200408950 CompactFlash card reader is able to read files from the pc or from other flash memory cards and write files to the flash memory card. Therefore Co — actFlash card reader is actually a reader / writer. In the second embodiment, CompaetFlash card reader is a stand-alone device, which does not need to be operated. It contains, for example, R / w⑶ .R0M and other mobile disc media. The images from the flash memory card are copied to the mobile disc media using a CompactFlash card reader. It uses a simple interface, such as the user pressing the button to start the image transmission. In another embodiment In addition, CompactFlash card readers / multiple flash card readers are installed in autonomous devices. These autonomous devices include MP3 players or keyboards or monitors or stereo devices. In addition, you can also install CompactFlash card readers / multiple flash card readers on the palm-type data collection and scanning device. You can also use personal digital assistants and pocket-type personalities of the operating system The CompactFlash card reader / multiple flash card reader is installed in the computer device. The CompactFlash card reader / multiple can be added to the palm-type terminal device, personal communication device, advanced two-way calling device, voice recording and playback device Flash card reader. In addition, CompactFlash / multi-flash can be installed in monitoring devices for various purposes. These devices include, but are not limited to, any device or projection that requires a PC or article reading Devices, industrial electrical devices, printer devices, artificial rotation devices, medical devices, and digital image freezers. These monitoring devices can be, for example, pacemakers, fetal monitors, insulin monitors, chemistry Drug monitor, earthquake 49 92447 200408950 monitor, etc. The description of the active converter chip used in flash card reader Flash card readers can effectively perform their stated purpose, but they cannot be effectively used in some cases. This flash, card reader can only be connected to USB on its output side, and therefore cannot be used as a • And other translators such as IDE, CompactFlash or PCMCIA interface. In addition, the traditional method for storing the required memory means that there are a few slots and the other is reversed. The system and method according to the present invention provide active The converter chip is used to overcome the above problems. Universal Active Adapter Figure 17 shows the CompactFlash card reader system 242, which can read SmartMedia 245, MultiMediaCard 24 1, Secure Digital at the input end. 243, flash memory cards such as Memory Stick 247 and interface with CompactFlash 249, IDE 25 1 and PCMCIA 253 at the output. In the preferred embodiment, the Com p a c t F1 a s h card reader 2 4 2 has a slot or opening with 50 pin connectors for receiving a CompactFlash card 249. The active adapter 240 performs a swap procedure with the CompactFlash card 249 and performs data transfer. Active • The adapter 240 also controls the connection with the host PC, so that the image files can be transferred from the CompactFlash, IDE interface to the PC. Therefore, the active adapter 240 according to the present invention can read various flash memory cards.

The CompactFlash card reader system 242 can also read other types of flash memory cards. For example, the active adapter 240 makes it possible to read the Memory Stick card 247. Active adapter 240 with insertable 92447 50 200408950

The opening of the Memory Stick card 247, and the active adapter 24o itself plugs into a 50-pin connector, because the active adapter 240 has the same form factor as the CompactFlash card. Utilizing an active transfer to 240, the CompactFlash card reader system 242 can also read SmartMedia cards. Similarly, MultiMediaCard or card can be selected by using the active transfer state 240. The active adapter 240 can be used as a translator between a flash medium and a plurality of interfaces. The table in FIG. 18 shows a translator between a flash medium and a plurality of interfaces. In order to describe the characteristics of the active adapter chip 24〇a, please refer to the following description.

Active adapter chip 240A FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing an active adapter chip according to this embodiment. As mentioned earlier, the active adapter 24 is designed to

A Memory Stick, SmartMedia, MMC or SD card is connected to the CF slot. On the input side, the active adapter chip 240A includes a test port 250 EEPROM interface 252, a flash interface 254, a MemoryStick interface 256, and a clock generator 258. The processor 260 is connected to all interfaces 252, 254, and 256 via a bus 261. Hood ROM 264 and RAM 266 are also connected to the bus 26 1. On the output side, the timer 26 8, UART 270, IRQ272, GPIO 274 and CF, IDE, PCMCIA interface 276 are connected to the bus 26 1. The characteristics of the active adapter chip 240a will be described below. Input MMC / SD Memory Stick Interface 256 92447 200408950 This interface provides support for MMC / SD and Memory Stick cards. MultiMediaCard (MMC), Secure Digital (SD card) and Memory SUck cards are serial access devices. These devices usually require input / output data with a CRC message attached. The processor provides support for generating crc in hardware and converting serial-to-parallel and parallel-to-serial bitstreams. Provides a programmable clock speed to set the clock speed based on media performance. EEPROM interface 252 This port is used to read serial EEPROM containing programs for internal processor.

CompactFlash / SmartMedia Interface 254 This port is used to connect parallel devices such as CompactFlash or SmartMedia cards. Provides ECC generation and detection for SmartMedia. Clock generator 258 This is an oscillator for clocks inside the chip. URA Ding 珲 27 0 URAT port supports baud rates from 7200 to 115.2K. Can be used as a debug port and can also be used to access EEPROM to read / write serial ports. Output Timer 268 This timer is used as a function of time. For example, when the flash card is powered on, there must be some delay before the card can be accessed. GPIO 274 and IRQ 272 GPIO 274 and IRQ U2 are general-purpose input / wheel-out pins. It is used to control various flash card functions, turn off and on the power, detect when the 92447 200408950 card is inserted, and check whether the card is write-protected and so on. For example, when a state change occurs on one of these two pins, GPI0 {11: 1 〇} can be used to generate an interrupt to the internal processor. This system is used to detect the presence of flash and card removal. CF / PCMCIA / IDE interface 276 This side is used to connect to CompactFlash, PCMCIA or IDE ports. CompactFlash is a subset of PCMCIA, and the real difference is

CompactFlash uses smaller connectors than PCN1CIA. IDE is the internal standard disk connector of pc. Select when resetting the chip

CompactFlash / PCMCIA or IDE mode. If during the reset period _〇E selects the IDE mode for the low order criterion. Processing system (processor 260, ROM 264 and RAM 266) processor 260 processing state (preferably 16-bit processor) and ram and ROM control interface 276. The processor 260 detects the form of the flash card inserted into the CF / SmartMedia or MMC / SD Memory Stick port, thereby constructing itself, and then interprets the command received in the CF / PCMCIA / IDE interface 260, and finally transmits it to The inserted flash card. Pin comparison Figure 20 shows the use for SmartMedia, MMC / SD and Memory

Pin-to-Compact Adapter Pin Comparison Table. Pin numbers for small interfaces such as SmartMedia, MMC / SD, and Memory Stick are not shown, but they can be in any order or label. Transfer 92447 53 200408950 is to connect the appropriate pins on the small interface to the ComFlashFlash pin numbers shown in the figure. Simple wiring such as single wire, flat cable, printed circuit board (PCB), or winding can be used. The ground pins on the t " face are pins 1 and 50 connected to CompactFlash. The power pin is connected to pin 1 3, pins 25 and 26 are the card detection signals for cmFlash. From here, the heart pins are connected to the card detection signals on all small interfaces.

The CompactFlash connector uses pins 2 to 6, 21 to 23, 27 to 31, and 47 to 49 as the 16-bit parallel data bus of the CompactFlash card. Pins 8, 10 to n, and "to 20" form an address bus separated from the ^ bit. Separating the data from the address bus enables fast random addressing of the CompactFlash card. Other control signals include Byte enable for pins 7, 32, output enable for pin 9, write enable for pin 36, interrupt pin 37, reset pin 41. There are several interfaces on the 50-pin interface No pins are connected. The small SmaitMedia interface also has an 8-bit parallel data bus. It corresponds to pins 2 to 6, and 9 to 23 of the CompactFlash interface to match the DO: 7 signal of the CompactFlash. Because it is not provided A separate address bus, so its address and data are multiplexed. The control status includes pick-up enable, write enable and protection, output enable and exchangeable enable. Output enable-0E And write enable-WE corresponds to pins 9, 36 which have the same function as the CompactFlash interface. The total number of pins in the SmartMedia interface is 2 2.

The interface of Memory Stick and MMC / SD flash memory card is also small. 92447 54 200408950 " The interface is parallel / with parallel data or address bus. In contrast, the serial data is converted via the serial data pin DATAI0, which corresponds to pin 17 (A3). The timing of the data is synchronized with the clock SERCLK on pin 丨 8. The command signal CMD or BITSET occupies the pin (A0). MMC / SD and Memory Stick interfaces require only 6 pins plus power and ground pins. The detection logic reads the card selection in the active converter chip 24A. Pins CD0 and CD1 are used to detect whether a flash memory card appears. When a new card appears, the detection logic will read the input pins cei and cE2 to determine the card type <. The behavior of the connection and card during the transfer ^ determines whether CE and CE2 are raised to a high level or lowered to a low level by the active adapter 24〇A. Advantages of an active converter chip used in a flash card reader The active converter chip for a flash memory card according to the present invention can accept many different forms of cards. This active converter chip can receive S_Media, MultiMediaCard, Secm.e, and

Stick card. An active converter is constructed by the form factor of CompactFlash card. Then read the # c〇mpactFlash card reader to read any plug-in that this CompactFlash adapter proposes from the small flash card format to A? Transfer type. Therefore, a CompactFlash card reader is used to detect the type of the flash memory card. Such as a memory card. The type of the compact flash memory card of the CompactFlash connector can be automatically serialized to parallel signals using electronic detection. 92447 55 200408950 The replacement is performed by the CompactFlash card reader instead of the adapter. So you can reduce the cost of the adapter while only slightly increasing the cost of the CompactFlash card reader. CompactFlash card reader can use a single CompactFlash slot to read multiple flash card types, including SmartMedia, MultiMediaCard, Secure Digita Memory Stick, and CompactFlash, and can be connected to a number of standard interfaces at its output. These interfaces Contains but is not limited to the CF, MMC / SD, IDE, • and PCMCIA standards. Another embodiment of an active converter chip used in a flash card reader The present inventors have proposed many other embodiments. It supports different flash card formats, such as Smart cards, and the number of slots included in a multi-card flash card reader can be more or less than the four slots shown. Any device that needs to control the bus, loop, data bus, and address bus can be designed to be inserted into this slot. Examples of such devices include, but are not limited to, dsl digital devices, micro hard drives, digital cameras, video cameras, printers, etc. Although in the description of the present invention is connected to a personal computer pc host, this host may also be an Apple computer such as a government or G3. This host can be called a SUN computer, or any host computer that uses a changing interface. Note: This can be applied to personal digital assistants (ships) such as palmtop computers, devices: "Other palmtops, such as wireless phones with changing interface functions, because digital, but you use terms, C_pactFlash read. Do like通 # 疋 Get it from Flash and write 92447 56 200408950

The CompactFlash card reader can read files from a PC or other flash memory cards and write files to the flash memory card. So the C01TipactFlash reader is actually a reader / writer. In other embodiments, a CompactFlash card reader / multiple flash card reader may be installed in an autonomous device, such as an MP3 player, a list machine or a keyboard or a monitor or a stereo device. In addition, a CompactFlash card reader / multiple flash card reader can be installed on the palm data collection and scanning device. This CompactFlash card reader / multiple flash card reader can also be installed in personal digital assistant devices and pocket personal smart devices using Microsoft's handheld operating system, for example. You can also install this c01T1pactFlash card reader / multiple flash card reader in palm-type terminal devices, personal communication devices, advanced two-way audio and video recording and playback devices. Descriptions of memory modules containing form factor connectors I. The SmartStack module does not include a controller and is controlled internally by the host. The form factor connector is usually a CompaciF] ash (CF) form factor or other form factor that can be used in various devices. In the preferred embodiment ^ The SmartStack memory module includes a write protection switch, which allows some parts of the memory in the SmartStack module to not be written. In addition, the flash memory part will be allocated to the safe area Used to store messages for various security measures. Another part of the flash memory will be configured to store selective biometric messages' which can be the user's product 92447 57 200408950 patterns or retinal scan messages, etc. s $ 了 更To describe the present invention in detail, please refer to the following accompanying drawings. Figure 21 shows the SmartStack module 3100. The SmartStack module i 3 is coupled to the connection module 3 丨 〇 4 multiple memory devices (ie, flash chips 3102a, 3102b, to 3102n). In the preferred embodiment, the flash chips are coupled together, so each area has redundancy In the preferred embodiment, the S-k module and cmFlash

丨 () cards have the same form factor. This module can then be inserted into any CF slot. Figure 22 shows an example of an application that can use the SmartStack module 3100, such as flash card reader 3202, digital camera 3204, or Mp3 player 32_. In Xuan Weiben you / f taxi In the example of taking K yoke, only based on CF card reader

SmartStack module 3100 can read / write Sm such as media, and inserting the SmartStack module into a standard CF card reader will not be dangerous

Smartstack. As shown in the figure, the Smartstack module does not include a controller and is controlled by the host side. Because the module itself does not have any controller, i can easily be expanded to add additional memory. Card Detection The table in Figure 23 shows how the device detects special cards. In this embodiment, when Nakata inserts the SmaitStack module (that is, 'SmartStack NAND or S_tStaCk NOR') into the slot, the Kappa test pins (cd 丨 and ⑶2) will become low level. In order to be compatible with devices that can read SmartSuck module cards, the card enable pins (CD and CE2) will also become low level. It can also be seen in the figure that other memory modules have different pin structures for detection. 0 58 92447 200408950 Addressing The table in Figure 24 shows the addressing of the SmartStack module. In the preferred embodiment, the SmartStack module will be planned in a manner similar to that of traditional memory modules. The only difference is in wafer selection. Figure 24A shows the relationship between the SmartStack module address lines (S 0 ... s 3) and their corresponding pins in the CompactFlash card. Security and Biometric Messages Figure 25 shows the SmartStack module 3300, which includes a write protection mechanism 3302, a security zone 3304, and a biometric zone 33〇6. A lockable or unlockable write protection mechanism is used to determine when the module can be written. The write protection mechanism in the best case is readable by software to avoid writing to the user's area. Spaces for security and biometrics may need to be configured on various personal flash media, in which case this information can be generated using the same table. It can be seen from this embodiment that the security zone 3304 and the biometric zone 33 06 are arranged in 3102a. Anyone skilled in this field thinks that the areas 3302 and 3304 should be arranged in any or all of the flash chips 31022 to 3 1 02η ', and still be included in the spirit and purpose of the present invention. The table in Figure 26 shows the settings of the data security zone for the SmartStack module. In order to set the security zone in the SmartStack module, the following method will be followed in the preferred embodiment. Two bytes, byte 0 = byte 1, will be set to C3B6. The next byte, byte 2, defines its function. In addition, byte 5 (block status flag) will always be set to OxFO (or 0x0F) to indicate the invalid block, so the operating system or the blade body will not accidentally overwrite it. 92447 59 200408950 It is advisable to add random access memory (ram) to the heap to further improve performance. The second, and the figure show the addition of RAM3402 to the SmartStack module 3400 to connect M # L, text. Its performance. By adding ram 3 402 to the module 340, the data can be stored here and therefore the data can be quickly accessed within the module. Other than that, ^ pQ. In order to design the Smartstack module to have the function of having a daughter board on the motherboard-the knife guilty, its valley can be increased due to this.

SmartStack is known for women, and can also be inserted into the tail of the previous card to form a string (or daisy chain). In the figure, a plurality of SmartStack modules that are not linked to a daisy according to the present invention are ιηπ x c ^, and 500 and 502. Therefore, in this embodiment, a server tstaek module has a female connector 506 in one end and a male connector (expansion slot) 508 in the other end so that it can be inserted. More cards. In another embodiment, the expansion card itself can be designed to have many expansions j: "I, & σ ', the parent connection is)' so that the user can insert, SmartStack mode 0, ' 'The SmanStack module is optional so that users can view the image before transmitting (storing) it to the flash media itself.', 〆f 29 shows the SmartStack module 600 as an expansion compartment. In this example, the s_tstack module can be inserted into the male connector slot 6 0 2 and the female remote connection is 604, which will be connected to the SmartStack enabled.

CompactFlash host. Multi-mode controllers for smart and "fool" flash cards Most flash card system controllers can only work with one type of flash at the same time. 92447 60 200408950 Figure 30 shows a system suitable for a single media type. As known by the inventors and explained above, in some examples, some controllers can work with multiple media types at the same time. N ^ Host 4 0 0 0 can be a county ρ ρ ^, θ 疋 Such as PC, portable computer, PDA and other interface connectors 4001 can be connected to the controller 1C 4010 various types of computers for simplicity and clarity, the connector is not shown in the figure Detailed diagram. As Xiao Zao said, the interface connector can be any of a wide variety of interfaces such as IDE, USB, or Ethernet (not shown above). It can be a bus (PCI, etc.), or any other suitable: road interface ’or a network connection provided by a computer 4_. The aforementioned I-plane is converted into an interface 4011 with a flash medium by using the control IC 4010. Many concepts of interface 4011 (and possible adapters, which are not shown here for simplicity) have already been explained in detail in the previous sections. Crying that the host computer 4000 usually also has driver software 002, and the conversion benefit chip 4010 has a firmware 4012. The flash media 4202 usually contains a control part 4G21 and a flash part 4Q22. In most cases, these 2 are divided into at least two different 1Cs, although in some cases they can be synthesized into one 1C. However, in all the examples, the part of the controller requires a lot of extra cost, whether it is composed of different chips or the flash part or integrated into the earlier 1C. Generally, the controller '4021' is to provide the system with a perfect medium with a specific grid 1 '. So what the computer 4_ sees is perfect storage,' 1 4020, not a specific defect that must be eliminated quickly. Flashing 4022. Figure 31 shows the improved flash medium 4020b. Flash media 4〇2〇b 92447 61 200408950: Has flash part or IC4〇22, but the controller part: surface ::! Shown in detail is the medium-which has some concepts: the medium and: have been proposed, and have been divided into flashes in some examples. Here: the y-media adapter card 'is as explained previously. The medium m 4030 :: child 'contains specific basic specifications of the medium, such as memory type Eryi: Guangxia and so on. In general, the controller 4021 (Figure 30) uses ㈣ = type messages; however, as described earlier, the error 设置 is set in the flash media. This task is currently on the software part of /: s: b, which "is located in its normal access, and is also used to manage error corrections and compare the 4022 meaning block of the chip, and at the same time within the spring itself. Or … There is a commotion in the flash media 4020b 4_. In the p Liezi, the work is transferred to the host computer <offense is software 4002b. The second common ?: Mistakes of control and other functions The combination of the two software elements :: 012 and the drive clear 4.02b) was processed, resulting in the "Λ-Ϊ example ', which can be all transferred to the firmware 4012b, which makes the .4 software into software 4. 〇〇2b device does not need to include special I, Na's removable media drive ^ has a special limb. All control is transferred to 刃 丘 Qiu 012b to make the flash function (Figure 3) performed. Therefore ：: = Control ^ Software, and the user will: At first ... I can't distinguish between the two logos used in the coffee, patches, etc. In all the examples in the second chapter, the electromechanical media transfer &quot; different electromechanical connection interface Etc. on the bus side 92447 62 200408950. Figure 32 shows the ID 4030 Various applications. For example, the output 4030a uses a simple boost and drop as previously described. 1040 uses a voltage divider instead of a simple boost and drop. In this example, the voltage divider is made by R2 / R3 And R4 / R5. By using a voltage divider, a limited number of pins, for example, two pins can be extended to provide 16 or more different forms of cards or IDs, based on this fact instead of One pin per bit (high or low), currently using a voltage divider can support multiple voltage levels for each pin (and one bit at a time), and therefore through limited pins The number can also identify the combination of more advanced cards. In the part of the controller, a comparator can be used to generate a digital signal again (so it is not shown for simplicity). ^ ⑴40300 By making small E2 can plan ROM as digital 10 can be paid The same result. It can be a mask plan or a type 2 tandem memory, and it is easily available. It can be used in the factory or at various places through the firmware 400m. This inventor and has There are many types of serial buses known to the artisan (such as Dallas * ^ Gle Wne mentioned by Semiconductor, generation, etc. 'It has very few pins. In some examples, it contains about 1 to 4 pins for power pins. For example, use the k-point of E2 In order to make it possible to use the flash chip 402, even if it has a bad boot area 'This is because the new boot area address is integrated in 4030c instead of believing that the main storage cry 4 0? 9 3 ^ a ϋ 22 疋 will not have False. Since the industry has a tendency to develop higher single-chip capacity, the possibility of defective parts will increase. Piping the starting location to auxiliary devices such as ID403 0C will lead to the use of chips. The output of 4022 increased by 63 92447 200408950, and thus the cost can be further reduced. The exemption of the same control benefit 4021 makes it possible to further reduce the cost of the media 402. By combining the firmware 4012b capable of handling these two media cards 4022 and the controllers of all the formats discussed above and others not discussed, as well as controllerless media cards with ID4㈣ such as 4020, etc., in the market It is guaranteed to be upward compatible.隹: ,, i ,,, and 2 illustrate the present invention based on the embodiments shown. Anyone skilled in this field will easily understand that these embodiments can be performed in a variety of ways, and that these changes are Covered by the spirit and purpose of the present invention. Therefore, any person skilled in this field can perform many amendments without departing from the scope of the attached patent application. [Brief description of the icons] Figure 1A shows a flash memory card and adapter for transferring images from a digital camera to a pc. Figure 1B shows a CF-to-PCMCIA adapter with a compactpiash card inserted in it. Figure 1C shows a PC connected to a PCMCIA card reader. Figure 2A shows the various flash memory card formats used by digital cameras. Figure 2B shows a Memory Stick to PCMCIA adapter using an active converter chip. Figure 2C shows the traditional compartment (front view) for receiving the adapter.苐 3A picture is showing staff can receive SmartMedia, 64 92447 200408950

Universal CompactFlash adapter for shutter memory cards such as MultiMediaCard, Secure Digital, and Memory Stick. Figure 3B shows a CompactFlash card reader, which can be converted from passive to smart flash, such as SmartMedia, Mu 11iMediaCard, Secure Digital, and Memory Stick, and converted to CompactFlash format. Figures 4A to 4E illustrate the flash memory card form detection performed by the CompactFlash card reader in detail. Figure 4A shows the interface of the CompactFlash card reader. The CE1 and CE2 pins will be highlighted here. Figure 4B shows a CompactFlash card inserted into a connector for card-type price evaluation. Figure 4C shows a MultiMediaCard or Secure Digital card inserted into a connector for card-type detection. Figure 4D shows the Memory Stick card inserted into the connector for card format detection. Figure 4E shows the SmartMedia card inserted into the connector for card format detection. Figure 5 shows the pin comparison table for SmartMedia, MMC / SD and Memory Stick to CompactFlash adapters. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a multi-slot embodiment of a flash card reader. Figure 7 shows the flash memory card reader in the PC. Figure 8 shows a PC case with a flash memory card reader in one of the drive compartments of the PC. 65 92447 200408950 Figure 9 shows a diagram of a stand-alone flash memory card reader. It accepts flash memory cards in many formats and can copy images to a removable disk without connecting to PC. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing a converter chip for a flash memory card reader. Figure 11 shows a CompactFlash card reader, which can read flash memory cards such as SmartMedia, MultiMediaCard, Secure Digita, and Memory Stick via a passive IDE adapter and convert them into CompactFlash format. Figures 1 2 A to 1 2 E illustrate the flash memory card type detection performed by a card reader of 〇 m p a c t F1 a s h. Figure 1 2A shows the interface of the CompactFlash card reader, and the C E 1 and C E 2 pins are highlighted here. Figure 12B shows a CompactFlash card inserted into a connector for card type debt testing. • Figure 1 2C shows the connector inserted for card type detection.

MultiMediaCard or Secure Digital card. Figure 1 2D shows a Memory Stick card inserted into the connector for card type detection. Figure 1 2E shows the SmartMedia card inserted into the connector for card type detection. Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a multi-slot embodiment of a flash card reader using an IDE converter chip. Figure 14 shows the flash memory using the mE converter chip in a PC 92447 66 200408950 memory card reader. Figure 15 shows a diagram of a stand-alone flash card reader with an IDE converter chip. 'It can accept flash memory cards in many formats and can copy images to mobile without connecting to the host PC. dish. Figure 16 shows the ide converter chip used in the flash memory card reader. Figure 17 shows a CompactFlash card reader system, which can read SmartMedia, MultiMediaCard, Secure Digital, and Memory Stick flash memory cards at the input end, and

CompactFlash, IDE and PCMCIA interfaces. The table in Figure 18 shows the translator between flash media and multiple interfaces. Figure 19 is a block diagram showing an active adapter chip according to this embodiment. Figure 20 shows s1Tiart] viedia, MMC / SD and Memory

Pin-to-Compact Adapter Pin Comparison Table. Figure 21 shows the SmartStack module. Figure 22 shows examples of applications that can use Smartstack modules such as flash card readers, digital cameras, or MP3 players. The table in Figure 23 shows how the device detects special cards. The table in Figure 24 shows the addressing of the SmartStack module. Fig. 24A shows the relationship between the address lines (SO · ..S3) of the card's die set and its related pins. Figure 25 shows that the Sma core ack module includes a write protector 92447 67 200408950 system, a security zone and a peak privacy zone. Table 4 in Fig. 26 _ η is not used for setting the number of zones of the Smarts tack module. i Figure 27 shows the first and second addition of RAM to the SmartStack module to improve its performance. # FIG. 28 shows a plurality of SmartStack modules connected by a daisy chain according to the present invention. Figure 29 shows the SmartStack module as an expansion compartment. Figure 30 shows a system suitable for a single media type. j 1 is a flash media showing cost improvement. Figure 32 shows the various applications of ID 4030. 10 CF to PCMCIA adapter 10 'SmartMedia to PCMCIA adapter 11 Active converter chip • 12 PCMCIA card reader 14 Digital camera 15 Memory Stick to PCMCIA adapter 16 CompactFlash card 18 Memory Stick card 20 Personal computer (PC ) 21 Central Processing Unit (CPU) 22 PCMCIA slot 24 SmartMedia card 2 6 Secure Digital (SD) card 28 MultiMediaCard (MMC) card 3 0 SmartMedia adapter 68 92447 200408950 32 MMC / SD converter 34 Memory Stick adapter 40 Converter chip 42 CompactFlash card reader 44 Connector 46 USB connector 50 Card type detector 52, 54 [Resistor 56, 58 Connector slot 62 CompactFlash connector 64 MMC / SD connector 66 SmartMedia connection 68 Memory Stick connection σσ 70 mass storage device 72 HDD compartment 74 FDD compartment 76 mobile disk 78 light-emitting diode 79 button 80 flash card reader 90 bus 92 central processing unit (CPU) 94 RAM / ROM 96 timer 98 shifter 99 general-purpose input / output (GPI〇) 100 bay (bay) 101 USB interface 102 interface port 103, 104 '106 slot 140 IDE converter chip 146 IDE connector 150 card type detector 152, 154 resistance cry 15 6 5' socket 162 CompactFlash connector

92447 69 200408950

164 MMC / SD connector 166 SmartMedia connector 168 Memory Stick connector 170 Mass storage device 176 Mobile disk 178 Diode LED 179 Button 180 Flash card reader 190 Bus 192 Central processing unit (CPU) 194 RAM / ROM 198 Shifter 199 General-purpose input / output (GPI〇) 200 IDE interface 240 Active adapter 240A Active adapter chip 241 MultiMediaCard (MMC) 242 CompactFlash card reader system 243 Secure Digital (SD) card 245 SmartMedia card 247 Memory Stick connector 249 CompactFlash connection 250 test port 251 IDE interface 252 EEPROM interface 253 PCMCIA card 254 flash interface 256 Memory Stick interface 258 clock generator 260 processor 261 bus 264 ROM 266 RAM 268 timer 270 universal Asynchronous Receiver (UART) 272 Request-to-break (IRQ) 274 General-purpose input / round-out (GPI〇) 70 92447 200408950

276 CF, IDE, PCMCIA interface 500 ^ 502 SmartStack module 506 female connector 508 male connector 602 male connector slot 604 female connector 3 100 SmartStack module 3 102c i, 3102b to 31022n memory device 3 104 connection 3202 flash card reader 3204 digital camera 3206 Mp3 player 3 3 00 SmartStack module 3302 protection mechanism 3 3 04 security zone 3306 biometric zone 3400 module 3402 RAM 4000 host computer 4001 interface connector 4002, 4002b driver software 4010 Integrated circuit (1C) (converter chip) 4011 interface 4012, 4012b firmware 4020, 4020b flash (storage) media 4021 controller 4022 flash chip (1C) 4030, 4030a, 4030b, 4030c media ID

Claims (1)

Scope of patent application: 1 · A type of consumable thunderbolt, including: control structure of the system and flash storage system '^ decided to be a fast storage system, computer Γ: may =: =: the interface To this computer, the flash memory is stored. The controller chip of item I touches the &amp; manufacturing part and the flash part. 3 · == The controller chip of the profit range item 1, which shoots ^ The system contains at least the media of ββ 丨 ganyv τ # 刀; the ID part and the flash part, the media ID part has a specific medium. The media ID is adjacent to the θ 4 and the 8 邛 邛 knife is included in the adapter. 5 · As the patent application 笳 囹-controller chip of the fourth si, the electrical management error correction of the flash part. 6 · If applying for a patent, the controller chip of the 5th item is targeted, among which, the chapter knife and the general knife in the famous system are closed to correct the error correction. Among them, the driver software in the name system manages this error correction. 8 · For example, if you apply for a patent for the controller chip of the 5th item of Fan Ye, among which, the combination of the software of the Weiwan 4 Wuya District actuator software in the famous system manages the error | The controller chip, where the L contains the control, so that the flash memory is stored in which the other brain system is the computer the computer the computer if the school ID 92447 200408950 part contains any raising and lowering resistors, voltage dividers, The combination of E2PROM and auxiliary devices. 1 0. For example, the controller chip of the scope of the patent application, the adapter includes an active adapter. 11. The controller of the scope of the patent application, the first item A chip, wherein the adapter includes a passive adapter. 1 2. A flash storage system including: at least part of a media ID part; and a flash part, wherein the media ID part contains a specific medium ID 〇13. For the flash storage system with the scope of patent application No. 12, the ID part of the medium contains the lifting and lowering resistors. 14. For the flash storage system with the scope of patent application No. 12, where the The media ID part contains a voltage divider. 1 5. If the flash storage system of item 12 of the patent application scope, wherein the media ID part contains E2PROM. 16 Flash storage system, in which the media ID part contains auxiliary devices. 73 92447