TW200408212A - Agile spread waveform generator and photonic oscillator - Google Patents

Abstract

An agile spread spectrum waveform generator comprises a photonic oslillator and an optical heterodyning sythesizer. The pbotonic oslillator comprises a multi-tone optical comb generator for generating a series of RF comb lines on an optical carrier. The optical heterodyne synthesizer include first and second phase-locked lasers; The first laser feeding the multi-tone optical comb generator and the second laser comprising a rapidly waveleghth tnnable single tone laser whose output light provides a frequency tianslation reference. A pliotodetector is piovided for heterodyning the frequency translation reference with the optocal output of the photonic oscillator to generate an agile spread spectrum waveform.

Description

200408212 Mei, Description of invention: [Technical field to which the sun and moon belong] Coarse._guanshen reading cross-reference This application is a partial continuation of US Patent Application Serial No. 10/116829 (filed on April 5, 2002) , And has its priority, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. This application has US Provisional Application No. 60/332372 (filed on November 15, 2001 'with the title "Sprea (j Waveform Generator Daniel Yap and Keyvan Sayyah), the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This application is related to patent application serial number 60/332367, and its title is Agile RF-Lightwave Waveform Synthesis and an Optical

"Multi-Tone Amplitude Modulator" (built in November 15, 2001) and its corresponding patent application No. 10/1168001 (filed in April 5, 2002), which The entire contents are hereby incorporated by reference. The owner of these related applications is the trustee of this application. This application is also related to patent application serial number 60/33237, which is indicated as 4 Injection-seeding of a Multi-tone Photonic "Oscillator" (filed on November 15, 2001) and its corresponding application number 20 No. 10 / U6799 (filed on April 5, 2002), the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The owner of these related applications is the trustee of this application. This application is also related to Patent Application Serial No. 60/332368, whose temple name is Remotely Locatable RF Power Amplification

System "(filed on November 15, 2001) and its corresponding application number 5 200408212 10/116854 (filed on April 5, 2002), the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. These related applications The owner of this application is the trustee of this application. TECHNICAL FIELD The present application relates to an RF light wave waveform generator capable of generating a set of spread spectrum frequency hopping RF waveforms. The content of this application further relates to the use of a photon oscillator. A multi-frequency dimming comb is generated. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION A multi-frequency hopping RF light wave waveform acts as a light wave carrier of an optical transmission channel. For example, the iRF signal information carried by the optical transmission channel may be a set of pulse wave digital, which Can be added to the spread spectrum rf light wave carrier using a light wave modulator. Finally the RF light wave waveform can be transmitted (using a fiber link or a free space optical link) to the optical receiver. The electrical form (frequency transfer and demodulation) The light-receiving signal can then be transmitted through the RF channel (an antenna or a wireless key). 15 As shown here 'The generator of the 1 ^ 7 light wave carrier includes an optical heterodyne coupling The generator is a frequency comb generator. The frequency comb is a set of RF frequencies that are amplified and modulated to the light wave carrier. The RF light wave frequency comb generator is a photon oscillator. Its structure is known in related technologies. The optical heterodyne synthesizer is switchable and generates a pair of phase-locked CW light waves (with two different sets of optical wavelengths. One of these light waves has a frequency comb that is tuned to its body. After the change, the two sets of light wave lines are combined to produce the Zhan Zhan carrier. The center frequency of the light receiving signal is a heterodyne beat, which is an optical heterodyne synthesis that is the frequency difference between the two sets of light wave lines. These lights The wavelength of the wave line can be changed quickly (within a single transmission pulse or even within the transmission data package of 200408212, the wavelength of these light waves can be changed with each transmission pulse) to produce different beat frequencies. This process will Jump the center frequency of the synthesized multi-frequency RF light wave carrier. Many conventional methods can be used to implement the optical heterodyne synthesizer. 5 One of the purposes of spread spectrum and frequency hopping of the Zhan Zhan frequency is to make the synthesized signal Easily detectable by non-homogeneous receivers. The use of spread spectrum carriers is to generate signals with low interception probability (LPI) using conventional interception receivers. In addition, 'if the exact frequency of the carrier can be changed and not blocked by the interceptor Identification can enhance the performance of UPI. These technologies are useful in LPI radars and communication systems 10. Generally, interceptors will use a set of wideband receivers channelized into smaller frequency bands to detect and identify signals. If the signal is in a single channel of the receiver, then it can be detected. However, if the signal is spread out and those parts fall within many channels, the interceptor will not easily distinguish the signal from the Background noise: In general, you can scan the interceptor receiver or use a long integration time to sense the incoming signal. If the signal frequency changes at a decisive rate and it bounces between different channels in the sensing time, it will again appear as noise. In addition, if the frequency of the signal changes rapidly with time, and although those beating signals are in the channel being received, the value of the signal 20 will be detected but it is not easy to identify. Another purpose of spread spectrum is to make the signal less susceptible to human interference. + The interference coverage may not be as good as that of the spread-spectrum carrier. Outside b, 'because the spread-spectrum carrier includes the undertones that can be added coherently, so Xinrui Power will be used more efficiently. . This is the detection emission II, which is relatively wide and uniform. The fast switching signal_band is also less susceptible to human interference. HI is the interference transmitter cannot predict the frequency of the next pulse wave interference from the signal pulse wave. Previous methods of achieving LPI performance were based on the use of electrical synthesizers to generate waveforms. Generally speaking, pulse compression digital is used to phase-modulate a group of single-frequency Raiboya and spread its spectrum. For example, if the signal pulse is ^ sec wide, and a set of 100-pair-pulse compression numbers are used, a signal bandwidth of 100 is obtained. The channel bandwidth of the interrogation receiver is generally narrower than this bandwidth. The bandwidth of an analog digital transferor that exhibits high dynamic range is generally 10OMhz or less. Therefore, the bandwidth of the interrogator channel is deliberate or lower. The present invention preferably uses the wideband f of the photon to generate a spread spectrum waveform. The total bandwidth of the frequency comb can be quite wide. The photon method of the present invention can easily achieve a bandwidth of tens of GHz. In addition to signal information, pulse wave scaling can be modulated onto a multi-frequency FM comb to further extend the plant wave. The prior art digital synthesizers for generating ladder-shaped frequency waveforms generally have a bandwidth below 100 MHz. The switchable optical heterodyne synthesizer disclosed here is capable of handling frequency ranges exceeding 100 GHz. The Czech spread spectrum waveform generator disclosed here is also useful for communication systems with most users. Each user is designated to use the -group-specific ㈣ pattern for multi-tone waveform hopping. -A user can copy the user's specific waveform pattern and coherently process the received signal to distinguish its signal from other signals occupying the same frequency band. This type of divisional multiplexing (CDMA) of the light wave form is different from the previous method. The previous method used short optical pulses shorter than the information pulses, whose wavelength and time position may vary from 200408212 to each user. I [Previous 3 Prior technologies include: 1. A single-tone, single-loop optoelectronic oscillator—see US Patent No. 5,723,856, issued March 5, 1998, and S. Yao and L.

Maleki ’s article published in 1996 in IEEE J. Quantum Electronics, v. 32, n. 7, pp. 1141-1149. A photon oscillator is known as Bilu (the author calls it an optoelectronic oscillator). This oscillator includes a single laser and a closed loop. The closed loop includes a modulator, a section of optical fiber, a photodetector, an RF amplifier, and an electrical filter. The shutdown circuit of this oscillator is somewhat similar to the present invention. However, the purpose of this prior art was to use a combination of electrical narrowband frequency filters into the loop to produce a single tone. Tone with low phase noise is achieved by using a long fiber. The multi-tone demonstration reported in this article earlier was achieved by expanding the frequency of the filter's 15-bit width. However, the frequency intervals of those multi-tones are set by shooting a sine electric vaporizer into the modulator. The frequency of the incoming signal is equal to the frequency interval. This method causes all oscillator modes (each mode has a tone) to oscillate in phase. Therefore, the output of the prior art oscillator is a sequence of pulses. See Figure 14 (b) of this article. 20 2 · A single-frequency, multi-loop optoelectronic oscillator-refer to US Patent No. 5777778 published on July 7, 1998, and S. Yao and L. Maleki, published in IEEE J. Quantum Electronics in 2000, ν · 36, η · 1, pp. 79-84. Optoelectronic oscillators using most fiber loops are exposed as time delay channels. A set of optical fiber loops has a length and stores a medium as a storage medium to increase the value of the marriage. In addition, the length of the group light is very short (-general: ,, 2 to 2 meters), and is operated to disperse the tones so that the professional wave device can be selected by the person in the loop to select a single tone. The length of the two sets of loops, as well as the pass band of the RF filter, can be changed to adjust the frequency of the single tone to be generated. This method does not use most optical loops to get multi-tones, because it uses a second loop to ensure that only single-Lai will be generated. 3. Mt 宽 ζ bandwidth, adjustable rf comb generator with optical wavelength reference-see article published by S. Bennett et al. In 1999, ph〇tronics Technoi · Letters, ν〇1 · u, N 〇5, p. 55i_553. The multi-level RF optical wave transmission described in this paper is a concept of continuous phase modulation using laser-level carriers in a re-amplified fiber-optic loop. The light wave carrier 疋 is provided by a single input laser, and the optical cw waveform of the laser is injected into a group of closed fiber loops, which includes an optical phase modulator driven by an external generator. This results in an optical frequency comb that uses an RF frequency applied to the phase-modulation source to determine a frequency interval and uses the wavelength of the input laser to determine the absolute frequency. The loop also contains the (Er) -doped fiber amplifier section pumped by the separation pump laser. The effect of optical amplification in the recirculation loop is to increase the number of frequency combs at the output of the frequency comb generator. It may be desirable to have some mutual phase lock between different frequency combs, as they are defined using phase modulation added by an external RF generator. 4. A technique that uses optical heterodyne to generate ^^ signals. See section! Illustration. With this technique, the two sets of optical wavelengths of the laser wavelength generated by the RF light wave synthesizer are combined to the photodetector. In a simple case, the RF light wave synthesizer includes two sets of lasers, each of which produces a single wavelength, that is, a single 200408212 spectrum line. When their combined output is transferred to an electrical signal (photocurrent) by a photodetector, the electrical signal has a frequency component between the sum of the two sets of lightning rays and the difference. In general, the photodetector also functions as a low-pass frequency filter, so that it only produces heterodyne differential frequencies. In order to produce a heterodyne type 5 output, the two sets of lightning rays must be locked together so that their floats are coherent. Various methods in the related art can be used to achieve this lock. Optical heterodyne can also be combined with external optical modulators for frequency transfer (frequency conversion). Figure 1 shows this feature. The two-line light wave output of the RF light wave synthesizer is supplied to an optical intensity modulator, using a general modulator of a Mach-Zehnder 10 interferometer. A set of RF input signals are also supplied to the modulator ' which applies intensity modulation to the light wave signal. The transfer function of the modulator results in the total frequency and the difference. The output of the photodetector is another set of RF signals with a frequency component. The frequency component is the sum and difference of the frequency intervals between the RF input RF frequencies and between the two sets of lightning rays. Basically, the frequency difference 6JL0 of the two sets of lightning rays acts like a local oscillator (LO) frequency, which is multiplied with the RF input signal to generate an intermediate frequency RF. The mathematical formula representing this process is as follows: 20 where is the photocurrent. 5. U.S. Patent No. 5,917,179, Brillouin photoelectron oscillator described by Yao on June 29, 1999. Yao's shaker produces a single tone instead of multiple tones. In addition, the oscillator uses excitability 11 200408212

Brillouin scattering (SBS) is a fiber in the photoelectric feedback channel of the oscillator. This feedback channel may have one or more sets of optical and / or electrical circuits. The second optical signal generated by the SBS is also fed to a photodetector in the channel. The frequency of this signal can be different from the frequency of the optical signal output from the optical modulator of the channel. The photodetector generates the electrical signals of the beats generated by the SBS and the modulator output optical signals. This beat signal is used to drive the optical modulator, and generates another modulated output signal that is fed into the fiber that exhibits SBS. [Summary of the Invention] 10 Summary of the Invention In one argument, the present invention provides a boom spectrum generator that includes: a photon oscillator that includes one of a series of RF frequency combs on an optical carrier Multi-frequency dimming comb generator; an optical heterodyne synthesizer comprising first and second phase-locked lasers, the 15 first laser feeding the multi-frequency dimming comb generator and The second laser includes a fast adjustable wavelength frequency-modulated laser whose output light provides a frequency shift reference; and a photodetector which cooperates with the optical output of the photon oscillator to process the frequency shift reference heterodyne to generate a Zoom out spectrum waveform. In another aspect, the present invention provides a 20 method for generating a Zhan spectrum waveform. The method includes the steps of: generating a multi-frequency dimming comb as a series of RF frequency combs on an optical carrier; generating a single adjustable wavelength Tonal frequency shift reference; and an optical comb and frequency shift reference are optically combined to generate a light wave waveform suitable for sequential heterodyne. In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-frequency photon 12 200408212 oscillator, which includes: a set of first optical branch lines including a first optical delay element; and a second optical branch line having a main An optical fiber, a common channel of an optical modulator providing an optical signal to an optical branch line, and an electrical part having at least one set of photodetectors coupled to the first optical branch line and the second optical branch 5 line, the at least A set of photodetectors produces a set of electrical signals coupled to the optical modulator; and a set of third optical spurs that provide a Stokes beam to a second optical spur, the Stokes The light beam travels in the opposite direction in the main fiber. In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for generating a 10-frequency dimming comb. The method includes: using an optical modulator to modulate a set of optical signals from a laser to provide a set of optical signals. Modulated optical signal; delaying the modulated optical signal in the first optical branch line to provide a set of first delayed optical signals; transmitting the modulated optical signal in a forward direction in the second optical branch line Signals to provide a second set of delayed optical signals 15; a Stuxus beam is generated from the modulated optical signal; and a Stuxus beam is entered into the second optical branch line, thus being opposite to the first The direction of the modulated optical signal in the two optical spur lines transmits the Stokes beam, wherein the Studs beam acts as the light source of Bdllouin excited in the second optical spur line; the optical detection of the first The delayed optical signal and the 22nd delayed optical signal to generate a set of electrical signals; and the electrical signal is used to control the optical modulator. Brief Description of the Drawings Figure 1 shows a graph of the prior art frequency shifting technology using an RF light wave synthesizer; 13 Figure 2 is a block diagram of a shortcut waveform generator according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a multi-loop, multi-frequency photon oscillator B. Figure 4 shows the multi-loop, multi-frequency ^^, and frequency spectrum graphs; 1-the Rf being measured is rigid; Figure 5 is a dual-loop (1 km long loop) , 8 meters of short-return photon "Detail of the spectrum of the device-group RF frequency tone, a group of very high spectral purity;-Figure 6 is a multi-loop, multi-frequency gain amplifier with optical amplification circuit Figure 10 shows the figure of the fast switching of the external device based on the optical injection; Figure 8 shows the figure of the fast switching of the external device based on the phase-locked loop; Figure 15 shows the multiple circuit. 、 Block diagram of multi-frequency tuned photoresonator and block diagram of the fast-tuning optical switching device for laser switching and laser wavelength lasers. The photon oscillator has a group of optical fiber length control device. Optical fiber length; 20 but two loops' but no fiber length control device, ㈣ loop of fiber length =: compensation in multiple loops, multiple loops Figure 11 is multi-frequency tone Φ i Figure 12 is shown at the 2 sub-edge Block diagram of different embodiments of the device. Signal spectrum. Fig. 13 of different points of optics is a block diagram of another embodiment of a multi-frequency dimming mode, especially in the thousands. 14 200408212 [Embodiment] The present invention relates to a unique method that uses homogeneous optical heterodyne to generate chirp speed. Frequency jitter or jitter, and multi-frequency RF combs on light wave carriers5, thus making it difficult to detect signals transmitted on the carrier. In the following description of the present invention, the concept of optical heterodyne is first discussed to provide background information Investigate Figure 3 to Figure 6 to illustrate two sets of embodiments for generating a set of frequency transferable comb signals. Next, refer to Figures 7 and 8 to explain many examples of generating frequency hopping waveforms. Finally (Refer to Fig. 9-Fig. 11) Discuss one of the two groups 10 for generating frequency-transferable comb signals to improve the stability correction. Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the agile waveform generator 12. .Refer to Figure 3 and Figures 6-10 for more detailed description of the two sets of main parts 14, a. The first main part is a photonic oscillator type, that is, a multi-frequency dimming comb generator 15 generator 14 , Which is generated on the optical carrier Series of low-phase noise RF combs. The second main part is a fast-switching optical heterodyne synthesizer 16 which contains two sets of phase-locked lasers 70 and 72 (see Figures 7 and 8). A laser 70 feeds the optical comb generator 14. The second laser 72 is a set of fast-tunable single-tone lasers whose frequency shifts the reference output light and uses photodetection in the photodetector 20 to measure the oscillation of the photons. The optical output of the amplifier 14 is heterodyne processed to generate a frequency-hopping RF comb. (Because the "oscillator" 14 "generates" the RF comb, the component 14 is sometimes called an oscillator and sometimes called Generator). The local oscillator (LO) selector 80 controls the frequency jump. The two wavelength offsets of the two lasers determine the frequency shift of the multi-frequency RF comb. In addition, the optical phase modulation 15 200408212 (not shown) can also be plugged into the optical channel of a tunable wavelength laser, which will cause the multi-frequency RF comb in the frequency domain to further shake. This effect, combined with the above frequency hopping mechanism, makes the modulated 2RF transmission signal very difficult to be intercepted. 5 An optical coupling is the output of the 26-comb frequency comb generator 14 and the output of the laser with adjustable wavelength in the combiner 16. As shown in Figure 2, the combined output can be modulated by using the RF transmission signal 28 of the light intensity modulation 22. In FIG. 2, the optical intensity modulator 22 is shown downstream of the optical coupler 26. In addition, the optical intensity modulator 22 may be placed between the generator 14 and the coupler% 10, as shown in block 22. Moreover, the output of the coupler 26 can be further modulated by another pulse wave or multi-phase digital (or the transmission signal can be modulated by these digitals) to further reduce the possibility of detection (interception). A pulse wave or multi-phase digital can be applied to the RF signal input 28 or to a separate optical intensity modulator in series with the modulator 22. 15 The second output of the photocoupler 26 can be used to generate a set of local oscillator reference signals from the photodetector 20, which can be conveniently used in a co-optic receiver. In various embodiments, before the modulated output is combined with the frequency-shifted reference in the coupling 26, the RF input signal 26 and any additional digital utilize a mobile optical intensity modulator (as described above, at 2 °). Upstream of the coupler 26 shown in FIG. 9) and the output of the variable frequency comb generator 14 is adjusted. The low-frequency low-noise reference oscillator 24 provides a set of timing reference signals to a composite of 16 and a multi-tone oscillator 14. The modulated frequency hopping combs available at the output of the photodetector 18 are applied to a suitable set of 5 ^ amplifiers (not shown) and then to a set of 16 200408212 transmitting antennas (not shown) as Communication signals or radar pulses commensurate with applications using the invention. The photodetector 18 can be made as part of an RF amplifier, so the available RF light heterodyne waveforms from the modulator 22, for example, can be supplied as a set of optical signals to the RF amplifier. A set of possible embodiments of RF amplifiers is disclosed in the US patent application, entitled "Remotely Locatable RF Power Amplification System", filed on November 15, 2001, serial number It is No. 60/332368; its corresponding application includes those with a serial number of 10/116854, which were filed on April 5, 2002. The RF light wave heterodyne waveform can be applied as a single input to the optical fiber 113 (shown in Figure 2 of the application), and then the function of the photodetector 18 will be provided by the detector 302 (shown in Figure 2 of the application) . If the output of the photodetector 18 is used as the input of an amplifier, as disclosed above, the application titled "Remotely Positionable RF Power Amplification System," US Patent 15, then the output of the photodetector 18 can be used as a regulator. The input of the transformer 10 (shown in Figure 2 of the application). The RF light wave multi-frequency FM comb generator 14 can be made using many techniques. At present, the preferred embodiment of the waveform generator part is a multi-loop. The block diagram of the multi-frequency photon oscillator 14 ′ is shown in FIG. 3 (see FIG. 6, FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 for a future discussion of another block diagram including one of the additional features). The multi-loop, multi-frequency photon oscillator 14 includes at least two sets of loops, which preferably have a common portion. A set of optical modulators 32 are preferably used in the common portion, and the light delay channel 34 And 36 and photodetectors 38 and 40 are used in the first and second loops respectively. A set of low-noise electrical 17 200408212 air amplifier 42 and a set of RF frequency pass filters 44 are also preferably deployed in the loop at the same time. On the common part. The laser light is the best Provided by the laser 70, which supplies the power of the oscillator 14 'The laser light is modulated by a set of RF signals at the electrical input 33 of the modulator 32. The modulated light wave is then separated into two sets of branch lines, One of the five groups is connected to the shorter optical delay channel 34, and the other is connected to the longer optical delay channel 36. The two groups of light detectors 38 and 40 perceive the difference between the two optical wave channels. Optical signals, whose electrical output is combined with the following amplification and frequency pass filtering, and is fed back to the modulator 32, as shown in Figure 3. The frequency pass filter 44 sets the frequency of the 2RF multi-frequency FM comb spectrum. Wide. 10 sets of photodetectors 38 and 40 can be replaced by a single photodetector (see detector 39 in Fig. 10). The operating principle of this multi-tone oscillator 14 is as follows. Generated from feedback The electrical noise of the Ik machine in the loop modulates the laser light. After the laser light is transmitted through two sets of optical delay channels 34 and 36 and is optically detected, it is regeneratively fed back to the modulator 32 by I5. If the open loop gain is greater than One, then this positive feedback will be shaken out. If needed, Amplifier 42 can be provided in the common part of the loop to increase the gain. This gain can be additionally added to the optical loop using a pump laser (for example, the type shown in Figure 6-see element 29). In the dual loop Photon recorder reading condition towels may exist in the frequency 20 frequency interval, which is a positive multiple of the inverse of the delay time of the two sets of loops (r # rL). Among them, the delay time of the short loop is longer, and q is longer The delay time of the loop. However, if the open loop gain of the two groups of feedback loops is greater than-and the open loop gain of each feedback loop is less than one, then the oscillation will only generate a pattern from the overlap of the two sets of delay loops. The frequency of occurrence occurs because 18 i is only born in a mode separated by a short circuit (Af == k. Another antique ... The frequency Q between 疋 and 疋, the phase noise S (f) of the morning swing state decreases twice with I /,) 2) the optical delay time ··, == 2; Γ) 2 (Γ L Human and? Are the ratio of input noise to signal, and f is the offset frequency. Two sets of effects produce a multi-tone, multi-loop photon oscillator, where the tone interval and phase noise can be controlled independently 。 Shown he _ Fan _ dual-loop, multi-frequency photon / kilogram measured RF frequency, f. This oscillator m has two sets of fiber optical delay, each with a set of about 8 meters (or longer). Shorter circuits and longer circuits with a length of about 1 km (or longer). When the length of the shorter circuits is different in meters, the interval is about 26 positions, which represents a delay time of 38 nanoseconds / ^ Photo exhibition 7F: Among the ¾-way multi-frequency photon generators, the detailed R_gf of the set of vibration frequency shoulders indicates excellent spectral purity. Its frequency span is 5KHz. The length of the longer loop is preferably at least 40 or more More than twice the length of the shorter loop. In another 3¼'s case, the FM photon oscillator can use an optical amplifier (as shown in Figure 6) instead of an electrical amplifier (as previously referred to It is discussed in Figure 3 and made. Money is used to make money, and each material preferably includes a set of isolated cores, a set of Er-doped or Yb / Er # hybrid fiber sections 27, and a set of wavelength knives. WDM) 31. Although pump laser 29 and related valence or Y b / E r doped zone ribs can only be used in their towel-set loops (if required), but each doped fiber Segment 27 is best pushed by pump laser 29. The interval of _25 can keep the New Zealand in a positive direction (clockwise in the figure) in the return of wealth, and can also avoid from 200408212 pump laser when closed. The 29 light interferes with the operation of the modulator 32. The WDM 31 couples the light from the pump laser 29 into the loop and prevents the light from interfering with the effects of the light detectors 38 and 40. If necessary, these two sets of light detectors 38 and 40 40 can be replaced by a single photodetector 39 (shown in Figure 10), and if needed, two sets of pump lasers 29 can be used (one for each circuit). Many techniques can be used to achieve fast switching Optical heterodyne synthesizer 16. Refer to the example embodiments of Figs. 7 and 8. In Figs. 7 and 8 In the conventional example, the synthesizer 16 includes two groups of the lasers 70 and 72 described above. These lasers are phase-locked. The first laser 70 is a group of fixed-wavelength lasers, and the 102nd laser 72 is a fast adjustable laser. This phase lock can be achieved using many conventional techniques. One of these techniques, and the better one, is shown in Figure 7. This technique includes at most different lines of the main laser 76. Two groups of lasers 70 and 72 (auxiliary lasers) are optically locked. These lines can be: G) Different modes of nuclear-locked main lasers, (2) Frequency modulation of main lasers next to modulation 5 ▼ Or (3) different phase-locking modes of multi-line lasers (see the frequency comb generators disclosed in the prior art references 1 and 3). A monostable RF reference oscillator 78 with high stability and low phase noise can be used to lock the laser 76 from the external lock mode (if using the above scheme 0 'to modulate the main laser 76 at a frequency (if using the above scheme 2) ), Or phase-muted multi-line laser 76 (if option 3 is used). As discussed in Figure 2 above, an additional reference signal oscillator 24 can be used to further stabilize or synchronize the wRF reference tremor 78. The optical output of the multi-frequency FM comb generator 14 fed by the fixed-wavelength laser 70 is an optical frequency comb containing a laser wavelength 20 200408212 modulated by the RF frequency comb. The optical frequency comb and light detection The combination of the fast adjustable wavelength of the second laser 72 in the transmitter 18 or 20 can generate RF combs that can be quickly switched (beat) in the frequency range. The frequency hopping interval consists of the wavelength of the second laser 72 Determined by the interval. With the above-mentioned optical injection locking method (refer to the embodiment in FIG. 7), these 5 intervals are determined by the interval between adjacent modes or the sidebands of the multi-line main laser. If the multi-line main laser The mode interval of shooting 76 is 5GHz, and the frequency comb With a bandwidth of 5GHz, the center frequency of the comb can quickly jump between 5 () Ηζ, 10GHz, and 15GHz in any order. Because these two groups of lasers 70 and 72 (as described above) are in phase Locked, so the frequency-switchable heterodyne tone will have a good spectral purity and low phase noise. It should be noted that the frequency hopping interval can be smaller than the bandwidth of the frequency comb. Another type is used for phase-locked lasers The technology of 70 and 72 includes a set of phase-locked loops (see Figure 8). The phase-locked loop embodiment of Figure 8 uses two sets of laser 70 and 72 2 15 heterodyne outputs, and compares the output with The external RF reference 82 in the RF phase detector is used to generate a set of error signals 90 at the output of the mixer 86 to correct the wavelengths of the lasers 70 and 72. The outputs of the two lasers 70 and 72 are coupled by the coupler 85 is combined and detected by a light detector 87 that generates a heterodyne electrical signal. The output of the detector 87 is preferably divided by the frequency divider 84 into 20 frequencies, and the output of the frequency divider 84 is applied to the mix 86. By this method 'phase locked in two groups The difference between the wavelengths between 70 and 72 can be changed in a step equivalent to frequency divider 84. If continuous adjustment is needed, then RF reference 82 should be continuously adjustable. Variations in a phase-locked loop method Includes the use of wavelength intervals greater than the reference frequency of {〇7. Frequency 21 200408212 rate divider 8 4 divides the two sets of laser heterodyne output into a lower frequency, which can be compared with RF reference 82 using the mixer 86 Make a comparison, as shown in Figure 8. The frequency hopping interval is then multiplied by the minimum step equivalent to the divider ratio multiplied by the adjustable RF reference 82. The embodiment of Figure 8 allows very fine beats, 5 such that The signal seems to be continuous. The jitter information possessed by the output 27 of the coupler 85 can be used in related receivers, for example, in radar applications. Each of these four options (three options discussed in Figure 7 and one in Figure 8) has different advantages and disadvantages. In general, choosing (1) (10 is related to Figure 7) produces a very pure tone, which is easy to switch among. Choice (2) produces fewer tones. Choice (3) produces a large number of tones, but they are impure. Choice (4) requires a laser with a very narrow line width or a phase locked loop with a very short loop delay time. The LO selector 80 shown in Figure 7 adjusts the free running frequency 15 or wavelength of the laser 72 to match the required line output from the multi-line main laser 76. This is achieved by setting the temperature of the laser 72 and the drive current. The LO selector 80 'shown in Fig. 8 sets the temperature of the laser 72 in order to obtain the free operating frequency or wavelength required for the laser. The actual laser frequency or wavelength is fine-tuned by using a phase-locked loop to control its drive current. The L0 selectors 80 and 20 also select the frequency of the adjustable oscillator 82 and the division ratio of the frequency divider 84. Fig. 9 is a block diagram of a multi-loop, multi-frequency tuned photon oscillator 14 having a set of fiber length control devices 92 and a set of feedback loops to control the fiber lengths of the delay lines 34 and 36. The delay lines 34 and 36 are generally 22 200408212 long enough that when they change length to reflect changes in ambient temperature, the temperature change will adversely affect the phase of the oscillator 14. Therefore, some means are needed to compensate or control the tendency of the optical fibers 34 and 36 to change length in response to changes in ambient temperature. In FIG. 9, the optical fiber length control device% 5 may be a heating and / or cooling device, at least for heating and / or cooling the optical fibers 34 and 36 to control their lengths, or the optical fiber length control device 92 may actually extend and contract. Optical fibers 34 and 36 in order to control their length. For example, the fiber length control device 92 may include a piezoelectric fiber extender that adjusts the fiber length. Preferably, a feedback circuit comprising a frequency divider 94, a tone selection filter 96 10, a mixer 98 and a filter 100 is used to control the device 92. The frequency divider divides the output of the modulator 32, and the tone selection chirper 96 selects one of the generated and reduced frequency to use the mixer 98 to compare the available ones from the reference oscillator 24. Reference tone. The output of the mixer 98 is filtered to remove unwanted mixed products, and 15 is then applied as a control signal to the fiber length control device 92. In this manner, the lengths of the optical fibers 34 and 36 will be adjusted in response to changes in the frequency generated by the photonic oscillator 14. The optical intensity modulator shown in the embodiment of Fig. 9 is preferably manufactured as an electric absorption modulator 32f. The electric absorption modulator 32f not only modulates the amplitude of the light wave carrier supplied by the laser 7020, but also generates a photocurrent 93 that is fed to the frequency divider 94 in the feedback circuit. In addition, feedback from the loop can be obtained at the outputs of the photodetectors 38 and 40. At the same time, the two sets of photodetectors 38 and 40 can be replaced by a set of single photodetectors 139, such as shown in Figure 10.23 200408212 Figure 10 is similar to Figure 9, but it replaces the fiber length control device 92 The phase control of the loop is used to compensate for the change in the length of the environment of the optical fibers 34 and 36 in the multi-loop, multi-frequency photon oscillator 14. The optical phase shifter 91 is placed in the multiple loops of the multi-frequency FM comb generator 14, and 5 is used instead of the optical fiber length control device 92 to compensate for the length change of the optical fibers 34 and 36. The feedback circuit of Fig. 9 is used to control the optical phase shifter%. This feedback circuit knocks out-a portion of the multi-tone waveform that is optically detected and amplified to determine its frequency and phase deviation from the reference oscillator 24. In Fig. 10, only the light detection of the groups of receiving circuits 34 and 36 is detected. This is just a simplification of the surface. — The group of photodetectors 39 seems simpler than the two groups of photodetectors 38 and 40, but using a group of photodetectors% usually requires strict and phase control between the two and the circuits in order to allow the two groups of circuits to The out-of-phase condition does not cause the rays to be incorrectly added (or even eliminated). Therefore, for all embodiments (including the embodiment in FIG. 10), it is preferable to use two groups of light detections of 38 and 40 (each group is related to the delay lines 34 and 36). The multi-frequency dimming comb generator 14 may additionally have the design of the prior art, for example, the disclosure of reference 1 or even the above-mentioned reference 3. This design is not preferred because it has a discontinuous output. The incident light source of the photon oscillator 14 may be required for the multi-frequency to start the oscillation. An appropriate incident light source mechanism is disclosed in the above-mentioned U.S. patent application, entitled "Injecd⑽-Multi-tone Photonic Oscillator (Injecd)-This is Qiu ° Multi-tone Photonic Oscillator" " In another embodiment, the multi-frequency photonic oscillator 14 can be fabricated using another circuit in its optical feedback channel, as shown in Figure 24. This additional circuit is implemented in the multi-frequency photonic oscillator 14 A Stokes light source that generates an excited Brillouin scattering (SBS) in a long loop. Using SBS in the fiber optic circuit of the photon oscillator 14 will cause the oscillator 14 to attenuate those tones that are generated, Its intensity exceeds certain thresholds, which will be explained in detail below. Suppressing the intensity of a tone at a threshold will produce a multi-tone waveform, making the tone more uniform in intensity. A more uniform tone intensity It can generate RF carrier waveforms that RF perceptron systems need more, such as those designed for targets with low probability of interception. Similar to the multi-frequency photon oscillator 14 shown in Figure 3, shown in Figure u many The photon oscillator m 14 contains a group of photoelectronic feedback loops with _rf light wave output. A group of laser 70 supplies a group of optical signals with an optical carrier to the oscillating H 14.-A group of optical modulators 32 modulate from the laser 70% of the light, the laser light produces an RF light wave output, the spectrum of which contains optical carrier and Zhou Maifang ▼ generally two sets of sidebands will be generated, the frequency of which is 15 waves higher and lower than the optical carrier. For a multi-frequency oscillator In terms of its modulation sideband, it contains most frequency tones. Why is the photonic vibrator i used in combination with a photodetector connected to the output of the photonic resonator 14 (not shown in figure u) ). The wire detection and conversion RF light wave signal is transferred to a group of RF signals that also have a multi-frequency spectrum. The common channel includes at least a modulator 32, a set of smooth surface combiners (VOC) 195 or splitters, a set of electrical couplers (2: 1) 197, and a set of electrical band-pass filters (BPF) 44. The shared communication may also contain a group Multiple sets of electrical amplifiers (AMP) 42 and 25 200408212 optical preamplifiers (〇A) 201 and a set of electrically or optically variable phase shifters (A Φ) 191. The optical coupler 195 can be variable, so in The relative total power in most of its outputs is changed. Those skilled in the relevant art will understand that according to other embodiments of the present invention, the relative positions of certain components may be changed or certain components may be eliminated. The channel includes at least a set of photodetectors (? 1)) 38 and a set of optical delay elements 234. This delay element 234 may be a length of optical waveguide or optical fiber. All time delays of the signal across the first optical branch line and the common channel are established from the multi-tone frequency interval 10 generated by the photonic oscillator 14. A fiber length of 2 meters will produce a tone interval of 100MHz. For the photon oscillator 14 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the frequency interval is preferably larger than the gain bandwidth of the excited Brillouin scattering (SBS). The gain bandwidth of high-quality fiber is generally 30-50MHZ or below. The second optical channel contains another photodetector 40 and an optical component, 15 of which produces a longer delay than the first channel. These optical components may contain only a length of optical fiber (> 100 meters). However, in the multi-frequency photonic oscillator 14 shown in Fig. 11, the second channel uses the SBS effect, as described in detail below. As shown, the multi-frequency photonic oscillator 14 shown in FIG. 11 makes good use of excited 20 Brillouin scattering (SBS), which is generally an unwanted non-linear effect occurring in an optical fiber. SBS is a well-known effect, especially in the case of a long section of uniform fiber or high-Q fiber resonator with high optical power level. Nonlinear Fiber by G.P. Agrawal

Optics, (Academic Press, 1995) explains SBS in detail. When 26 200408212 SBS occurred, some of the energy of the light two transmitted along the forward side and in the opposite direction was combined into 'It is related to the non-linear effect of the dream (the constituent material of optical fiber ^ " 7 kinds of fiber). There are 5 10 15 20 directional stimulus modes (phonons) that transmit light (in-down photons are eliminated to produce phonons of opposite energy and momentum. ^ _Vs) photons and appropriate, _ ° The number of shifts is often referred to as Stokes, and can be expressed as VB = 2V—. For light with a wavelength of 1.W, vB is approximately 11GHz, and its towel feeds the speed of sound and light in the fiber. 'And vP is the optical frequency of forward transmission light. The post effect has a limited bandwidth, which is generally described as returning to 10 and gain bandwidth. For M and silicon fiber, this bandwidth ΔνΒ is approximately 30-50 MHz, but can be wider (if the fiber has heterogeneity due to manufacturing process, temperature, or pressure changes). If the forward transmission light contains a plurality of tones with a frequency interval greater than the bandwidth, then Each tone will interact with the silicon media independently. For small signals, reverse transmission The growth of the Beam beam can be described as an exponential relationship 'exP [g (v) (Pp / Ac) Leff]. Among them, ㊂) is the gain coefficient, PP is the forward transmission `` puπ power, and Ac is the fiber The effective core area, and Leff is the effective fiber length (that is, [l-exp (-a [)] / α, where L is the fiber length and a is the absorption coefficient). g (v) has a peak iVs == Vp_VB,

And a Lorentzian line shape with a bandwidth ΔνΒ. For pure silicon fiber, g (vs) has a value of about 5x10 Ucm / W and is independent of wavelength. SBS is an motivating conversion handler that can be described as having a set of thresholds. For some cases, for example, the optical power level is above the threshold, the process is superficial. If it is the case below this threshold, the procedure 27 200408212 procedure is smaller. The sbS threshold of 1550 nanometer wavelengths of many common types of fibers has been measured (see, CC · Lee and S. Chi, IEEE Photonic Technology Letters, 2000, vol · 12, no · 6, p.672), For example, the threshold for a 25 km fiber is usually between 5 and 10 mW. It should be noted that this is the threshold of different frequency tones, which is larger than the SBS bandwidth. For input power that is higher than the SBS threshold pump power Pthres, the transmission power is suppressed to approximately (Pthres) exp (-a L) and the excess power (pp_pthres) is transferred into a Studks beam with a strong reverse transmission . Due to the exponential gain in the excitation scattering process, the effective bandwidth of the interaction is reduced to Δout / 仏). If the 10 branches contain sufficient fiber length and have high optical power levels in multi-tones, SBS is important in the long branch of the photonic oscillator 14. Figure 12 shows the SBS effect of the photon oscillator shown in Figure 11, which also shows two sets of modulated sidebands in the RF light wave signal. Line a in Fig. 12 shows the optical spectrum of the optical fiber input. This spectrum also corresponds to the visible spectrum at point u, v, (at the output of the optical amplifier 201 next to the optical coupler 195). Line 0 in Figure 12 shows the frequency spectrum of forward transmitted light output from the fiber. This spectrum also corresponds to the point of Figure 11? Visible spectrum (output at circulator 211). It should be noted that the power in each tone has been suppressed to a threshold. This power is transferred into reverse transmission light, and its spectrum is shown on line b in Figure 12. It is generally difficult to achieve the high photon luminosity of each frequency that is obviously required by the SBS suppression effect. The other components of the multi-frequency photonic oscillator 14 provide a way to achieve optical power in which the SBS in the forward pass light is suppressed to a lower level. The photon vibrator 14 shown in Figure U includes two additional optical spur lines or two sets of optical circulator (CIR) 211, a piece of optical fiber 251 to 28 200408212, and-short or multiple sets of optical amplifiers 20 The loop may also include a variable optical attenuator 213. The Stokes beam from the second optical branch line is introduced into another optical circuit using the group circulator 211. This sinusoidal beam becomes larger before being injected into the second optical branch in the opposite direction. The Stokes beam emitted from the loop 5 acts as the light source of the SBS in the second optical branch fiber 251. This light source is effective because SBS depends on both the reverse transmission of the Stokes beam and the forward transmission of light. strength. The gain from each optical amplifier in the other loop can be greater than 20 dB. Therefore, the SBS power threshold of the incident forward transmission light can be greatly reduced. · 10 As briefly discussed above, Fig. 12 shows the points of the photon killer that can be shown in Fig. 11, V, "b," and the observed spectrum of "C". It should be noted that the signal exiting the second branch line The frequency spectrum (as shown by line c in FIG. 12) has a more consistent intensity tone than the frequency spectrum of the signal entering the line ^-(as shown by line b in FIG. 12). At the same time, the optical carrier frequency 295 The power is reduced. 15 In another embodiment of the present invention, the multi-frequency tuned photon oscillator 14 can be made using the configuration of different loops in the optical feedback channel, which is not shown in Figure 13. The photon oscillator in Fig. 13 has a different response, which provides the generation of SBS Doux light in the second optical channel. In this way '-a small part of the input signal (typically 0MmW) is Feed 20 into the recirculating loop. The loop contains-a fiber optic circuit, a set of optical loopers 211, and & 2 combiners 223 for coupling light in and out of the loop. Heart Road Repeatedly cyclically input light (out of frequency) and Stokes due to Na generated in% Bit light (due to the repetition of the frequency center, the threshold power of the SBS oscillation in the loop is reduced. The threshold is set, 29 200408212, so all or almost all of the tones produce considerable Stokes shifts Energy. Part of the Stokes shift light from the loop is knocked off and fed into the far end of the main SBS fiber (in the second optical spur line), so it travels back to the light carrying the signal. In the main SBS fiber, the BriUoum amplification of the Spokes shift light of Vs suppresses various incident tones. As shown in the 11th photon oscillator, the Stux light source is provided for the sbs effect. 10 15 20 The second wire branch of photon vibration mnu in I3 exhibition * includes a new optical isolation H (ISO) 217, a group of optical splitters (1 × 2) 221, a section of optical fiber (main SBS fiber) 251, and a group of optical circulator丨 丨. This branch line also contains a second optical loop through 211, which provides the output port of the Sparrows light in the heart monitoring branch line. The isolator 217 and the circulator 211 avoid the entry of the Stryker phase beam and the Stryker solution People photon In the channel. __ Part of the light output from the optical splitter 221 is combined into the main SBS fiber 251. The other part is lightly integrated into the human loop. The optical circulator 211 related to the ring name will be consumed The signal light entering the loop is separated from the Stokes beam that is danced outside the loop. The M combiner 223 combines a part of the signal light into the person's loop, and the-part of the history Doux light (Second B in the loop is known outside the loop. The minimum length of the loop and the light-coupling intensity of X-coupling σ is 223 are selected to ensure that a Sparrows light source can generate sufficient power. The loop At the same time, an additional device 201 may be included, which results in a magnification of the Stux light source. The loops from the four-fold loops shown in Fig. 13 are a set of optical resonators, which can be described by a set of resonance frequencies, each of which has a line of sight. because

30 200408212 The frequency of the RF light wave signal generated by the photon oscillator 14 is known, so the loop can be designed to have a subset of the resonant frequency that is consistent with the optical frequency of the tone. The resonance frequency can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the optical fiber 261 in the loop. Preferably, the ring resonator is designed to have a line width that is greater than the expected offset in the 5 tone frequency. The shared SBS ring resonator has an accuracy of 100 or more. The coupling strength of the 2χ 2 coupler 223 determines the line width of the ring resonator because the attenuation of light in the fiber is small. The optical spectrum shown in Figure 12 can also be observed at the points marked " an, "bn and 'V' in Figure 13. Also, the intensity of the tones leaving the second branch line is suppressed. 10 It may be necessary to make some adjustments to the gain of the electrical amplifier 42 and the optical amplifier 201 and the attenuation of various variable optical attenuators 213 in order to achieve the required threshold level and ensure consistent tone intensity. 2X 2 coupler 223 The coupling strength and the length of the fiber 261 in the loop can also be adjusted at the same time to obtain the desired tone intensity. 15 20 Application > The idea 'The frequency of the Stutz beam is generally generated from the multi-frequency photon oscillation σ " The frequency offset of the tone is greater than 10GHz. Because the frequency range of those tones i is generally lower than 5GHz, the frequency bands of those tones may be selected so that the optical frequency of the Stokes beam and the photon oscillator tone ^ Shou (for the sidebands of the upper and lower modulations). For example, multi-frequency tuning: in Daxianfu will achieve this goal. By means of money, sharing π Tongyi ^ 44 can further attenuate any Probably by ⑽ The resulting parasitic cheek tone. "7 Regardless of the frequency difference between the sub-vibrator 14 in Figure 11 and Figure 13 is preferably greater than the SBS bandwidth. That is, 31 200408212 bandwidth is generally greater than 50MHz. Therefore, the frequency interval between the multi-frequency photonic oscillators of FIGS. 11 and 13 is preferably greater than 50 MHz. The invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention can be modified in many ways. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed in addition to those required by the scope of additional patent applications. [Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 shows a graph of a prior art frequency transfer technology using an RF light wave synthesizer; FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a shortcut waveform generator according to the present invention; and FIG. 3 is a multi-loop, Block diagram of a multi-frequency photon oscillator;

Figure 4 shows the measured RF spectrum of a multi-loop, multi-frequency tunable photon device; Figure 5 is a dual-loop (long loop of 1 km, short loop of 8 meters) multi-frequency photon killer -The detailed spectrum graph of the group of RF tones, which indicates a very high spectral purity of the I5 group; Figure 6 is a block diagram of multiple loops and filters with optical amplification circuits; Figure 7 shows the figure of the fast-switching optical device based on the optical injection; Figure 20 shows the figure based on the phase lock; Figure 9 shows the fast-switching heterodyne synthesis of the road. Figure 9 is a multi-loop, multi- Frequency-modulated fast-tunable wavelength laser and -fixed wave square and include-block diagram of the synthesizer 'the photon oscillation quickly switches the optical outside ^ ° has a set of fiber length control 32 200408212 device and a set of feedback loop to Control fiber length; Figure 10 is similar to Figure 9, but does not have a fiber length control device, but uses phase control of the loop to compensate for environmental changes in fiber length in a multi-loop, multi-frequency photon oscillator. 5 Figure 11 is a block diagram of a different embodiment of a multi-frequency photon oscillator. Figure 12 shows the spectrum of the optical signal at various points in the oscillator shown in Figure 11. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a multi-frequency photon oscillator. [Representative symbol table of the main components of the figure] 12 ... Shortwave generator 33 ... Electrical input 14 ... Multi-frequency dimming comb generator 34 ... Light delay channel 16 ... Fast switching optical heterodyne synthesizer 36 ... Light delay channel 18 ... light detector 38 ... light detector 20 ... light detector 40 ... light detector 22 ... light intensity modulator 42 ... low noise electrical amplifier 23 ... optical fiber distribution network 44 ... RF frequency pass filter 24 ... Low-frequency and low-noise reference oscillator 70 ... Phase locked laser 25 ... Isolator 72 ... Phase locked laser 26 ... Optical coupler 74 ... Frequency locked module 27 ... Fiber section 76 ... Line main laser 28 ... RF input signal 78 ... Monotonic RF reference oscillator 29 ... Pump 80 ... Local oscillator (LO) selector 31 ... Wavelength division multiplexer (WDM) 82 ... External RF Reference 32 ... optical modulator 84 ... frequency divider 33 200408212 85 ... optical coupler 86 ... mixer 87 ... light detector 88 ... loop filter 90 ... error signal 92 ... fiber length control device 94 ... frequency divider 96 ... Frequency selection filter 98 ... mixer 100 ... control Circuit filter 191 ... Phase shifter (ΔΦ) 193 ... Optical amplifier 195 ... Optical coupler (VOC) 197 ... Electrical coupler 20bu " Optical amplifier 21bu ... Optical circulator 213 ... Variable optical attenuator 217 ... Optical isolator 221 ... Optical splitter 223 ... 2x 2 coupler 234 ... Optical delay element 25 Fiber optic fiber (mainly SBS fiber) 261 ... Optical fiber loop 295 ... Optical carrier frequency 34

Claims (1)

200408212 Scope of patent application: 1. A ZigZag waveform generator device, which includes: (a) a group photon oscillator, which includes a group of multi-frequency for generating a series of RF frequency combs on an optical carrier Dimming comb generator: 5 (b) —a group of optical heterodyne synthesizers that includes first and second phase-locked lasers that are fed to the multi-frequency dimming comb generator And the second laser includes a set of adjustable wavelength single-frequency modulated lasers, whose output light provides a set of frequency-shifting references; and (c) a set of photodetectors, which utilize the light generated by the photon oscillator 10 A series of RF frequency combs on the learning carrier perform heterodyne processing on the frequency transfer reference to generate a set of booming waveforms. 2. The device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the device includes a set of flexible waveform generators. 3. A multi-frequency tuned photon oscillator device, comprising: 15-groups of lasers, which generate a set of optical carriers; a set of first optical spurs, which contain a set of first optical delay elements; a set of second optical A branch line that contains a set of main fibers with a forward direction of light transmission; a set of common channels, which contain: 20 a set of optical sections with a set of optical modulators that receive the optical A carrier wave and providing a set of optical signals to the first optical branch line and the second optical branch line, and a set of electrical parts having at least one set of photodetectors coupled to the first optical branch line and the second optical branch line , The at least one set of optical inspection 35 200408212 detectors generates a set of electrical signals coupled to the optical modulator; and a set of third optical spurs, the third optical spurs providing a set of Stokes beams To the second optical spur line, the Stokes beam is transmitted in the main optical fiber 5 in a direction opposite to the transmission direction of the optical transmission. 4. The device of claim 3, wherein the device includes a set of multi-frequency photonic oscillators. 5 · —A method for generating the spectrum of the Zhan spectrum, the method includes the steps: φ (a) generating a set of multi-frequency dimming combs as a series of 10 RE frequency combs on an optical carrier, (b) generating A set of tunable single-tone frequency-shifting references; and (c) optically combining the optical comb with the frequency-shifting reference to generate a set of light wave waveforms suitable for subsequent heterodyne processing. 6. —A method for generating a group of multi-frequency dimming combs, the method includes the steps of: 15 using a group of optical modulators to modulate a group of optical signals from a laser to provide a group of modulated The optical signals of the spring are delayed in a first optical branch line to provide a set of first delayed optical signals. The modulated optical signals are transmitted in a transmission direction of a second optical branch line. Signals to provide a set of second delayed optical signals; a Stokes beam is generated from the modulated optical signal; and the Stokes beam is entered into the second optical branch line so that the Stokes beam is opposite to The direction of the modulated optical signal in the second optical branch line is transmitted, wherein the Stux light beam acts as 36 200408212 in the second optical branch line to stimulate Brillouin scattering light source; Optically detecting the first delayed optical signal and the second delayed optical signal to generate an electrical signal; and 5 using the electrical signal to control the optical modulator. 7. For the device of claim 1 or 2, the photon oscillator includes a plurality of loops, and the loops include: (i) a set of first optical delay lines in the first loop, separated by φ A set of optical combs generated by a set of multi-frequency dimming comb generators; 10 (ii) a set of second optical delay lines for reducing noise in the second loop line, the second optical delay line is longer than The first optical delay line; (iii) at least one set of photodetectors are connected to the first and second delay and delay lines; and (iv) a set of optical intensity modulators that are at the first and The second 15 circuit is used to drive the first and second optical delay lines in a common circuit portion. 8. For the device in the seventh scope of the patent application, the common part of the loop further includes a set of amplifiers and a set of band-pass filters. 9. The device according to item 8 of the patent application, wherein the amplifier is a group of electronic 20 amplifiers. 10. The device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the common part of the loop further comprises a set of band-pass filters and at least one of said first and second loops comprises a set of optical amplifiers therein. 11. The device as claimed in claim 7 further comprises a device for compensating for environmental changes affecting the length of at least one of said first and second optical delay lines. 12. The device according to item 11 of the patent application scope, wherein the device for compensating environmental changes affecting the length of at least one of the first and second optical delay lines 5 comprises: a group for adjusting at least one of the A device for equaling the length of the first and second optical delay lines, and a set of feedback circuits, including a set of tone selection filters to a common part of the loop, and a set of mixed output of the tone selection filter A mixer with a reference signal whose output is operatively coupled to the length adjustment device. 10 13. The device of claim 12 in which the tone selection filter is coupled to the optical intensity modulator. 14. The device of claim 13 in which the optical intensity modulator is an electronic absorption modulator having an electrical output coupled to the frequency selective filter. 15 15. The device of claim 12 in which the length adjustment device adjusts the length of the first and second optical delay lines. 16. The device according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the device for compensating environmental changes affecting the length of at least one of the first and second optical delay lines comprises: a group configured in a circuit common portion Phase shifter 20 and a feedback circuit comprising a tone selection filter coupled to a common portion of the loop, and a mixer for mixing the output of the tone selection filter with a reference signal The output of the mixer is operatively coupled to the phase shifter. 17. The device as claimed in claim 16 wherein the tone selection filter 38 200408212 is coupled to the optical intensity modulator. 18. The device of claim 17 in which the optical intensity modulator is an electronic absorption modulator having an electrical output coupled to the frequency selective filter. 5 19. The device of claim 7 further comprising a set of injection seeding circuits for seeding the photon oscillator. 20. The device as claimed in claim 7 wherein the second optical delay line is 40 times longer than the first optical delay line. 21. The device according to item 7 of the patent application, further comprising a set of optical intensity modulators, the optical intensity modulators are responsive to an RF input signal and are generated by using the photon oscillator in the The series of RF combs on an optical carrier generates an optical signal that is applied to the photodetector. 22. The device as claimed in item 7 of the patent application, further comprising a set of optical couplers corresponding to a set of RF input signals, the optical couplers being connected to receive the photon oscillator generated by the photon oscillator. The series of RF combs on the carrier wave and the frequency transfer reference generated by using the second laser, the optical coupler is connected upstream or downstream of an optical intensity modulator that is responsive to the RF input signal. 20 23. The device of claim 22, wherein the RF input signal includes a set of pulse digital or multi-phase digital. 24. The device of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the photon oscillator comprises: a set of first optical spurs, which includes a set of first optical delay elements; 39 200408212 a set of second optical spurs, which includes A set of main optical fibers having a transmission direction of one of the optical transmission wheels; a set of common channels, which include: a set of optical parts, and a set of optical components providing optical signals to the first optical branch line and the second optical branch line An optical modulator, and a set of electrical parts, each having at least one set of photodetectors coupled to the first optical branch line and the second optical branch line, the at least ~ group of light detectors generating a set of couplers coupled to The electrical modulator of the optical modulator; and a set of third optical branch lines, the third optical branch line provides ~ set of Stokes beams to the second optical branch line, the Stokes beam is opposite to the light The direction of transmission is transmitted in the main fiber. 25. The device according to any one of claims 3, 4 or 24, wherein the electrical part includes a set of first photodetectors coupled to the first optical branch line; a set of coupled A second light detector to the second optical branch line; a set of electrical combiners coupled to the first and second light detectors and producing a set of combined electrical outputs; and a set of bandpasses A filter that receives the combined electrical output and provides a set of filtered electrical signals to the optical modulator. 26. The device according to any one of claims 3, 4 or 24, wherein the common channel further comprises a set of electrical amplifiers, a set of optical amplifiers, a set of electrical phase shifters, and a set of An optical phase shift is at least one group of elements that make up a group of elements. 40 200408212 27. The device according to any one of claims 3, 4 or 24, wherein the common channel further comprises a set of variable optical couplers, the variable optical couplers having a set of receiving the optical signals Input, and has a set of first adjustable outputs coupled to the first optical branch, a set of second adjustable outputs coupled to 5 to the second optical branch, and a set of third adjustable outputs. 28. The device of claim 3, 4, or 24, wherein at least one set of optical spurs of the first and second optical spurs further comprises a set of optical amplifiers and a set of variable optics Attenuators make up at least one group of 10 elements. 29. The device according to any one of claims 3, 4 or 24, wherein the first optical delay element comprises an optical fiber. 30. The device of any one of claims 3, 4, or 24 in which the scope of the patent application is filed, wherein the Stux light beam is generated using excited Brillouin scattering in the main optical fiber and The main optical fiber has a set of inputs and a set of outputs, and the third optical branch line includes a set of optical amplification channels having a set of inputs and a set of outputs; a set of first optical circulators, the optical An optical circulator couples the optical signal to the input of the main fiber and couples the Stux light beam to the input of the optical amplification channel; and a set of second optical circulators, the second optical circulator couples the The output of the optical amplification channel is to the main optical fiber and the output of the main optical fiber is coupled to the at least one set of photodetectors. 41 200408212 31. The device of claim 30, wherein the optical amplification channel includes one or more sets of optical amplifiers and one or more sets of variable optical attenuators. 32. The device according to any of claims 3, 4 or 24, wherein the main optical fiber has a set of inputs and a set of outputs, and wherein the second optical branch line further includes a set of optical divisions. The splitter has a set of first splitter outputs and a set of second splitter outputs, the second splitter output directs the optical signal to the input of the main optical fiber, and wherein the third optical branch line includes: 10 sets An optical amplification channel having a set of inputs and a set of outputs; a set of fiber optic loops, wherein the Stokes beam is generated using excited Brillouin scattering in the main fiber loop; a set of 2x 2 optical coupler having at least three ports: the first port of the 2x 2 optical coupler is coupled to the first end of a group of optical fiber loops, and the second port of the 2 15 X 2 optical coupler is coupled to A second end of a group of the optical fiber loops and a third port of the 2x 2 optical coupler couple the Stux light beam into and out of the optical fiber loop; a group of first optical circulators having at least three ports: where The first light The first port of the circulator is coupled to the first splitter output, and the second port of the first optical circulator is coupled to the input of the optical amplification channel, and the third port of the first optical circulator Coupled to the third port of the 2x2 optical coupler, the first optical circulator directs the optical signal to the fiber optic circuit and directs the Stux light beam to the optical amplification channel; and 42 200408212 a group of second An optical circulator, the second optical circulator couples the output of the amplification channel to the main optical fiber and couples the output of the main optical fiber to the at least one set of photodetectors. 33. The device as claimed in claim 32, wherein the optical amplification channel package 5 includes one or more sets of optical amplifiers and one or more sets of variable optical attenuators. 34. The device as claimed in claim 32, wherein a part of the optical signal is guided to the optical fiber circuit and the optical fiber circuit has a length sufficient to ensure that a Stux light source is generated. 10 35. The device of claim 32, wherein the fiber optic circuit has one or more sets of optical amplifiers. 36. For the device in the scope of patent application No. 32, the coupling strength of the 2x 2 optical coupler is adjustable. 37. The device of claim 32, wherein the second optical branch line further comprises a set of optical isolators, which blocks the Stokes beam from being coupled into the common channel. 38. The device of claim 32, wherein the second optical branch line further comprises a set of third optical circulators arranged between the output of the second splitter and the input of the main optical fiber. 20 39. The method of claim 5, further comprising the step of heterodyne processing the light wave waveform. 40. The method of claim 39, wherein the heterodyne processing step is achieved using at least one set of photodetectors. 41. The method of claim 5 in which the multi-frequency dimming comb is generated using a 2004200412 photon oscillator and further comprises the following steps: (i) optically delaying The optical combs are frequency combs spaced in the optical combs; (ii) optically delay the optical combs in a set of second loop lines to reduce noise, and the second optical delay caused by step (ii) is longer than the steps (i) the first optical delay caused; (iii) optically detecting the delayed optical comb; and (iv) using a delayed optical comb in an optical intensity modulator to modulate the output of a set of lasers, Therefore, the multi-frequency dimming comb is generated as a series of RF frequency combs on an optical carrier 10 wave. 42. The method of claim 41, wherein the loop sharing section further includes a set of amplifiers for amplifying the optical comb and a set of band-pass filters for establishing the bandwidth of the optical comb. 43. The method of claim 42 in which the amplification is effected electrically 15. 44. The method of claim 41, wherein the common part of the loop includes a set of band-pass filters, which is used to establish a set of optical comb bandwidth, and further includes at least one set of the first and second loops. The step of optically enlarging the optical comb. 20 45. The method of claim 41, further comprising the step of compensating for changes in the environment by changing the amount of at least one of the first and second optical delays. 46. The method of claim 45, wherein the step of compensating for environmental changes by changing at least one set of first and second optical delay amounts is a step of 200408212. Frequency or phase and a set of reference values are adjusted and at least one set of optical delay line lengths carrying the optical comb is achieved. 47. The method of claim 46, wherein the adjusting step adjusts the lengths of the 5 first and second optical delay lines. 48. The method of claim 45, wherein the step of compensating for environmental changes by changing the amount of at least one set of optical delays is to compare the frequency or phase of a set of frequency combs in the optical comb with a set of reference values. This is achieved by adjusting the optical comb phase. 10 49. The method of claim 41, further comprising the step of seeding the photon oscillator to activate the optical comb. 50. The method of claim 41, wherein the second optical delay is longer than 40 times the first optical delay. 51. The method according to item 5 of the patent application, which further comprises step 15: using a set of optical intensity modulators in response to a set of RF input signals and the series of RF frequency combs on the optical carrier A step of modulating the optical comb with intensity to modulate the waveform of the light wave. 52. The method of claim 51, wherein the RF input signal applies a set of pulse digital or multi-phase digital to the optical intensity modulator. 20 53. The method according to item 5 of the patent application, further comprising the steps of: responding to a set of RF input signals and the series of RF frequency combs on the optical carrier and responding to the frequency shift reference for utilization A set of optical intensity modulators is used for modulating the optical comb intensity and the frequency shift reference quantity to modulate the light wave waveform. 45 200408212 5 4 The method according to item 53 of the patent application range, wherein the RF input signal applies a set of pulse digital or multi-phase digital to the optical intensity modulator. 55. The method according to item 5 of the patent application, wherein the step of generating a multi-frequency dimming comb includes: 5 using a set of optical modulators to modulate an optical signal from a laser to provide a set of modulated optical signals ; Delaying the modulated optical signal in the first optical branch line to provide a set of first delayed optical signals; transmitting the modulated optical signal in a second optical branch line in a transmission direction 10 to provide a second set of delayed optical signals Generating a Stokes beam from the modulated optical signal; shooting the Stokes beam into the second optical branch line, so that the Stokes beam is modulated opposite to the modulation in the second optical branch line The direction of the optical signal is transmitted, wherein the Stokes light acts as a light source that stimulates Brillouin scattering in the 15 second optical branch line; optically detects the first delayed optical signal and the second delayed optical signal to generate A set of electrical signals; and using the electrical signals to control the optical modulator. 56. The method of claim 6 or 55, wherein the first optical 20 branch line includes an optical fiber and the second optical branch line includes an optical fiber. 57. The method of claim 6 or 55, wherein the method further includes a step of amplifying the electrical signal, a step of bandpass filtering the electrical signal, and a step of phase shifting the electrical signal. At least one of the steps. 46 200408212 58. If the method of claim 6 or 55 is applied, the method further includes the steps of: directing the modulated optical signal from the first output of a variable optical coupler to the first optical branch line; 5 guidance The modulated optical signal is provided from a second output of a variable optical coupler to the second optical branch line; the multi-frequency dimming comb is provided from a third output of the variable optical coupler; and the first output, the Output power levels of the second output and at least one set of outputs of the third output. 59. The method according to claim 6 or claim 55, wherein at least one set of optical branches of the first and second optical branches includes at least one group of elements composed of a group of optical amplifiers and a group of variable optical attenuators. One component. 15 60. The method of claim 6 or 55, wherein the second optical branch line includes a set of main optical fibers, and the step of generating a Stux light beam includes the steps of: guiding the modulated optical signal into The main optical fiber, in which the Stokes light beam is generated using excited Brillouin scattering in the main fiber 20; a set of optical circulators are used to guide the reversely transmitted Stokes light beam from the first fiber Two optical spurs to a set of optical amplification channels; and amplify the Stuxus beam. 61. The method of claim 60, further comprising the step of variably attenuating the Stuxus beam. 62. The method of claim 6 or 55, wherein the step of generating the Stokes light includes the steps of: directing the modulated optical signal to a recirculating loop, wherein the history of 5 Stokes The light beam is generated using stimulated Brillouin scattering in the recirculating loop; and the Stokes beam from the recirculating loop is coupled. 63. The method according to item 62 of the patent application, further comprising the step of first enlarging the 10% light of the sinus before entering the second optical branch line. 48