SU976173A1

SU976173A1 - Face seal

Info

Publication number: SU976173A1
Application number: SU813310027A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Алексей Иванович Голубев; Евгений Викторович Шатаев; Валентин Иванович Соколов; Петр Константинович Баринов
Original assignee: Дзержинский филиал Научно-исследовательского и конструкторского института химического машиностроения
Priority date: 1981-06-19
Filing date: 1981-06-19
Publication date: 1982-11-23

Description

Изобретение относится к уплотнительной технике.The invention relates to a sealing technique.

Известно торцовое уплотнение, включающее вращающееся и невращающееся кольца пары трения, установленные на. валу и в корпусе уплотнения, упругие элементы, обеспечивающие контакт колец трения и вторичные элементы [ 1 ] .A mechanical seal is known comprising a rotating and non-rotating ring of a friction pair mounted on. the shaft and in the seal housing, elastic elements providing contact of the friction rings and secondary elements [1].

Недостатком известного устройства является малый срок службы из-за возможности сухого трения при условии, когда давление газовой среды больше давления жидкостной среды.A disadvantage of the known device is its short service life due to the possibility of dry friction, provided that the pressure of the gas medium is greater than the pressure of the liquid medium.

Целью изобретения является повышение надежности и ресурса работы при условиях переменного давления и при различных смазывающих свойствах разделяемых сред, например газа и жидкости.The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and service life under conditions of variable pressure and with various lubricating properties of the shared media, such as gas and liquid.

Указанная цель достигается тем, что уплотнение снабжено втулкой, в которой выполнена цилиндрическая кольцевая полость, в которую установлено вращающееся кольцо пары трения, поджимаемое упУПЛОТНЕНИЕ ругими элементами, а на тыльной поверхности вращающегося кольца установлены Г-образные фиксаторы вторичных уплотнений, обеспечивающие их плотное прилегание к наружной и внутренней поверхности цилиндрической кольцевой полости, причем во вращающемся кольце выполнены каналы соединяющие цилиндрическую полость и контактную поверхность колец трения.This goal is achieved by the fact that the seal is equipped with a sleeve in which a cylindrical annular cavity is made, into which a rotating ring of a friction pair is mounted, pressed by SEAL by other elements, and L-shaped clamps of secondary seals are installed on the back surface of the rotating ring, ensuring their tight fit to the outer and the inner surface of the cylindrical annular cavity, and in the rotating ring there are channels connecting the cylindrical cavity and the contact surface of the ring c friction.

¹ На фиг. 1 изображено уплотнение в разрезе, общий вид; на фиг. 2 - сечение А-А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 и 4 - положение резиновых колец при различных соотношениях входного Р, и выходного Pj ¹⁵ давлений. ¹ in FIG. 1 shows a sectional seal, general view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 and 4 - the position of the rubber rings at various ratios of the input P and output Pj ¹⁵ pressures.

Уплотнение состоит из корпуса 1, в котором установлено невращающееся кольцо трения 2. На валу 3 через резиновое кольцо 4 установлена втулка 5, в которой ^υ выполнена кольцевая цилиндрическая полость 6. В эту полость вставлена пружина 7. Она поджимает фиксатор 8' через резиновое кольцо 9, установленное между з 976173 внутренней цилиндрической поверхностью полости и фиксатором 8, к вращающемуся кольцу 10. Фиксатор 8 своим пружинным концом 11 поджимает фиксатор 12 через резиновое кольцо 13, установленное меж— 5 ду наружной цилиндрической поверхностью полости и фиксатором 12, к вращающемуся кольцу 10.The seal consists of a housing 1 in which is installed non-rotating friction ring 2. The shaft 3 via a rubber ring 4, a sleeve 5, in which ^υ an annular cylindrical cavity 6. In the cavity 7. It is inserted spring biases the latch 8 'via the rubber ring 9 installed between 3 976173 of the inner cylindrical surface of the cavity and the latch 8, to the rotating ring 10. The latch 8 with its spring end 11 presses the latch 12 through the rubber ring 13, installed between 5 to the outer cylindrical surface of the polo and latch 12, to the rotating ring 10.

Вращающееся кольцо .10 установлено между цилиндрическими поверхностями по- Ю пости, выполненной во втулке 5. Во вращающемся кольце 10 выполнены каналы 14, соединяющие полость 6 и рабочую поверхность колец трения. В нескольких каналах 14 установлены трубки 15. 15A rotating ring .10 is installed between the cylindrical surfaces of the cavity made in the sleeve 5. In the rotating ring 10, channels 14 are made connecting the cavity 6 and the working surface of the friction rings. In several channels 14 tubes 15 are installed. 15

Уплотнение работает следующим образом.Sealing works as follows.

Вращение передается от вала 3 втулке 5. От втулки 5 за счет силы трения двук резиновых колец по втулке 5 и фик- 20 саторам 8 и 12 вращение передается через трубку 15 вращающемуся кольцу 10. Пружина 7 поджимает через фиксатор 8 и резиновое кольцо 9 вращающееся кольцо 10 к неврашаюшемуся кольцу 2. Пру- 25 жинными концами 11 фиксатора 8 через фиксатор 12 и резиновое кольцо 13 вращающееся кольцо 10 также прижимается к неврашаюшемуся кольцу 2.The rotation is transmitted from the shaft 3 to the sleeve 5. From the sleeve 5, due to the friction force of the two rubber rings along the sleeve 5 and the fixators 20 and 8, the rotation is transmitted through the tube 15 to the rotary ring 10. The spring 7 compresses the rotary ring through the retainer 8 and the rubber ring 9 10 to the non-extrusion ring 2. The spring ends 11 of the retainer 8 through the retainer 12 and the rubber ring 13, the rotary ring 10 is also pressed against the non-extrasible ring 2.

При давлении в уплотнении, когда 30 > Pj, резиновое кольцо 13 под действием разности давления незначительно сдвигается или деформируется, нарушая контакт между резиновым кольцом 13 и тыльной стороной вращающегося кольца IO.35 Давление среды в полости 6 втулки 5 становится равным Р^ . Среда, например жидкость, попадает в полость 6 втулки 5. Среда по поверхности трения колец и через каналы 14 вращающегося кольца 10 до попадает на трущуюся поверхность, обеспечивая пленку жидкости на рабочих поверхностях колец трения.At a pressure in the seal, when 30> Pj, the rubber ring 13 is slightly shifted or deformed under the influence of the pressure difference, disrupting the contact between the rubber ring 13 and the back of the rotating ring IO.35 The pressure of the medium in the cavity 6 of the sleeve 5 becomes P ^. The medium, such as liquid, enters the cavity 6 of the sleeve 5. The medium along the friction surface of the rings and through the channels 14 of the rotating ring 10 until it enters the rubbing surface, providing a film of liquid on the working surfaces of the friction rings.

Герметизация вращающегося кольца 10 по втулке 5 осуществляется резиновым 45 кольцом 9, обеспечивая расчетную гидравлическую нагрузку пары трения.The sealing of the rotating ring 10 along the sleeve 5 is carried out by the rubber 45 ring 9, providing the estimated hydraulic load of the friction pair.

При перемене давления, когда Р₂ становится больше Р, , резиновое кольцо 13 незначительно сдвигается, или при его деформации, принимает прежнюю форму до соприкосновения с тыльной стороной вращающегося кольца 10. В полости 6 остается среда, например жидкость, давление которой было ранее большим. $$When the pressure changes, when P ₂ becomes larger than P, the rubber ring 13 slightly shifts, or when it is deformed, it takes its previous shape until it contacts the back of the rotating ring 10. In the cavity 6 there remains a medium, for example a liquid whose pressure was previously high. $$

Когда давление в полости 6 становится меньше Р₂, незначительно сдвигается или деформируется резиновое кольпо 9, нарушая контакт между резиновым кольцом 9 и вращающимся кольцом 10.When the pressure in the cavity 6 becomes less than P ₂ , the rubber ring 9 is slightly shifted or deformed, disrupting the contact between the rubber ring 9 and the rotating ring 10.

Среда с давлением Р₂, например газ, попадает в полость 6. Давление среды в полости 6 и среды с давлением Р₂ становится равным. Среда, например газ, собирается в верхней части полости 6. На поверхность трения по каналам 14 попадает другая среда, например жидкость. Это обеспечивает жидкостный или полужидкостный режим трения при условии, когда давление газа больше, чем давление жидкости на паре трения. Герметизация . вращающегося кольца 10 по втулке 5 осуществляется резиновым кольцом 13, обеспечивая расчетную гидравлическую нагрузку пары трения.A medium with a pressure of P ₂ , such as gas, enters the cavity 6. The pressure of the medium in the cavity 6 and the medium with a pressure of P ₂ becomes equal. A medium, such as a gas, is collected in the upper part of the cavity 6. Another medium, such as a liquid, enters the friction surface through channels 14. This provides a fluid or semi-fluid friction mode, provided that the gas pressure is greater than the fluid pressure on the friction pair. Sealing. the rotating ring 10 along the sleeve 5 is carried out by a rubber ring 13, providing the estimated hydraulic load of the friction pair.

Таким образом, предлагаемое решение обеспечивает юмазку поверхности трения, когда давление среды с лучшими смазывающими свойствами больше, чем с меньшими смазывающими свойствами, и наоборот, что повышает надежность и ресурс работы уплотнения.Thus, the proposed solution provides friction surface coating when the pressure of the medium with better lubricating properties is greater than with lower lubricating properties, and vice versa, which increases the reliability and service life of the seal.

Claims

(54) MECHANICAL SEAL The invention relates to a sealing technique. A mechanical seal is known, including rotating and non-rotating rings of a pair of friction mounted on. in the hull and in the housing of the seal, the elastic elements ensuring the contact of the rings of friction and the secondary elements 1. A disadvantage of the known device is a short service life due to the possibility of dry friction under the condition that the pressure of the gaseous medium is greater than the pressure of the liquid medium. The aim of the invention is to increase the reliability and service life under conditions of variable pressure and with different lubricating properties of separable media such as gas and liquid. This goal is achieved by the fact that the seal is provided with a sleeve in which a cylindrical annular cavity is inserted, into which a rotating ring of friction pair is installed, pressed by elastic elements, and L-shaped locks of secondary seals are mounted on the back surface of the rotating ring, ensuring their tight fit to the outer and inner surfaces of the cylindrical annular cavity, and in the rotating ring there are channels connecting the cylindrical cavity and the contact surface of the friction rings . FIG. 1 shows a compacted sectional view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 and 4 - the position of the rubber rings at different ratios of the inlet R and the outlet pressure RA. The seal consists of body 1, in which a non-rotating ring of friction 2 is installed. A shaft 5 is inserted through a rubber ring 4 into a sleeve 5 in which an annular cypindric cavity 6 is made. A spring 7 is inserted into this cavity. It presses the clamp 8 through the rubber ring 9 installed between 3976 the inner cylindrical surface of the cavity and the latch 8, to the rotating ring 10. The latch 8 with its spring horse 11 presses the latch 12 through the rubber ring 13 installed between the outer cylindrical surface of the strip. iksatorom 12, to the rotary ring 1D. The rotary ring Yu is installed between the cylindrical surfaces of the cavity, made in the sleeve 5. In the rotating ring 1O, channels 14 are made connecting the cavity 6 and the working surface of the friction rings. In several channels 14 tubes 15 are installed. The seal works as follows. The rotation is transmitted from the shaft 3 to the sleeve 5. From the sleeve 5 due to the force of friction. the rubber ruts along sleeve 5 and fic-8 and 12 rotation is transmitted through the tube 15 of the rotating ring 1O. The spring 7 presses through the retainer 8 and the rubber ring 9 the rotating ring Yu to the non-retaining ring 2. With the spring ends 11 of the retainer 8 through the retainer 12 and the rubber ring 13 the rotating ring 10 also presses against the non-rotating ring

2. When the pressure in the seal when P P2, the rubber ring 13 is slightly shifted or deformed due to the pressure difference, breaking the contact with the rubber ring 13 and the back side of the rotating ring 10 The pressure of the medium in the cavity 6 of the sleeve 5 becomes equal to P. A medium, such as a liquid, enters the cavity 6 of the sleeve 5. The medium along the surface of the tracks of the rings and through the channels 14 of the rotating ring 10 hits the rubbing surface, providing a film of liquid on the working surfaces of the friction rings. The sealing of the rotating ring 10 through the sleeve 5 is carried out by the rubber ring 9, providing the calculated hydraulic load of the friction pair. When the pressure changes, when P becomes larger than P, the rubber ring 13 shifts slightly, or when it is deformed, takes the same shape before it comes in contact with the back side of the rotating ring Y. In cavity 6 there remains a medium, for example a displacement, the pressure of which was previously greater. When the pressure in cavity 6 becomes less than Pj, the rubber ring 9 slightly shifts or deforms, disrupting the contact between the rubber ring 9 and the rotating ring 10. A medium with pressure P, such as gas, falls into the cavity 6. The pressure of the medium in cavity 6 and the medium with pressure P becomes equal. A medium, such as gas, is collected in the upper part of cavity 6. A different medium, such as liquid, flows onto the surface of the friction through channels 14. This provides a liquid-type or semi-liquid frictional regime, provided that the gas pressure is greater than the liquid pressure on the friction pair. Sealing. the rotating ring 10 along the sleeve 5 is carried out by the rubber ring 13, providing the calculated hydraulic load of the friction pair. Thus, the proposed solution provides lubrication of the friction surface when the pressure of the medium with better lubricating properties is greater than with less lubricating properties, and vice versa, which increases the reliability and service life of the seal. A mechanical seal comprising rotating and non-rotating rings of a pair, friction mounted on the shaft and in the seal housing, elastic elements ensuring the contact of the rings of friction, and secondary sealing, in order to ensure the reliability and service life of the seal when working in conditions of variable pressure and with different lubricating properties of the separated media, it is equipped with a sleeve in which a cylindrical annular cavity is made into which the rotating ring of the friction pair is installed, dzhimaemoe elastic elements, and on the back surface of the rotary ring installed L-shaped retainers secondary seals providing a snug fit of the outer and inner cylindrical surface of the annular cavity, npwieM formed in the rotating ring channels connecting the annular cylindrical cavity and the contact surface of the friction rings. . Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 666347, cl. F 16 J 15/34, 1979.