SU958832A1

SU958832A1 - Heat exchanger manufacturing method

Info

Publication number: SU958832A1
Application number: SU792852905A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Михаил Самсонович Бродский; Валерий Маркович Волоцкий
Priority date: 1979-12-13
Filing date: 1979-12-13
Publication date: 1982-09-15

Description

Изобретение относится к машиностроению, в частности к технологии изготовления трубчатых спиральных теплообменных аппаратов, используемых в любой отрасли промышленности.The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to a technology for manufacturing tubular spiral heat exchangers used in any industry.

Известен теплообменный аппарат, содержащий кольцеобразно или параллельно размещенные коллекторные камеры, между которыми размещены наклонные взаимно перекрывающиеся теплообменные трубы. Способ изготовления такого теплообменника состоит в том, что одна или пара труб закрепляются между входным и выходным автономными коллекторами, образуя автономные секции 11]·A heat exchanger is known comprising ring-shaped or parallel-mounted collector chambers, between which inclined mutually overlapping heat-exchange tubes are placed. A method of manufacturing such a heat exchanger consists in the fact that one or a pair of pipes are fixed between the inlet and outlet autonomous collectors, forming autonomous sections 11] ·

Однако для того, чтоы иметь теплообменник с поверхностью теплообмена, имеющей заданный коэффициент теплоотдачи, необходимо неоднократно повторять операцию установки труб между коллекторами и закрепления их в последних, что нетехнологично, поскольку требует значительных затрат времени на монтажные работы, к тому же теплообменник в данном случае значительно металлоемок.However, in order to have a heat exchanger with a heat exchange surface having a given heat transfer coefficient, it is necessary to repeatedly repeat the operation of installing pipes between the collectors and securing them in the latter, which is not technologically advanced because it requires a considerable investment of time for installation work, moreover, the heat exchanger in this case is significantly metal consuming.

Известен способ изготовления спирального трубчатого теплообменника, заключаю'2 щийся в намотке по спирали пучка труб и соединении внутренних каналов этих труб с раздающим и собирающим коллектором, что достигается путем заварки или запайки концов этих труб в корпусах коллекто5 ров [2].A known method of manufacturing a spiral tubular heat exchanger, which consists in winding a bundle of pipes in a spiral and connecting the internal channels of these pipes with a distributing and collecting manifold, is achieved by welding or sealing the ends of these pipes in collector bodies [2].

Недостаток данного способа заключается в сложности монтажных работ.The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of installation work.

Известен способ изготовления теплооб₁₀ менника, заключающийся в намотке трубы по спирали, с последующей заливкой или формовкой последней в корпус из термостойкого материала [3].A known method of manufacturing a heat exchanger ₁₀ , which consists in winding the pipe in a spiral, followed by pouring or molding the latter into the body of a heat-resistant material [3].

Однако этот способ позволяет получить лишь теплообменник с ограниченной поверх15 ностью теплообмена, определяемой поверхностью корпуса.However, this method allows one to obtain only a heat exchanger with a limited heat exchange surface determined by the surface of the housing.

Известен способ изготовления теплообменника путем намотки труб по спирали, имеющих скругленные и прямоугольные ₂₀ участки [4].A known method of manufacturing a heat exchanger by winding pipes in a spiral having rounded and rectangular ₂₀ sections [4].

Однако, несмотря на снижение времени на монтажные работы, не обеспечивается надежность в работе этого теплообменника.However, despite the reduction in installation time, the reliability of this heat exchanger is not ensured.

Так как выполнение теплообменника осуществляется из двух составных частей сSince the implementation of the heat exchanger is carried out from two components with

U-образными трубами,центрируемыми с помощью фланцевых соединений этих частей с образованием спирального канала овальной формы, трубы одной из частей на скругленной части формируются в корпусе из теплостойкого материала, и накладываются на трубы другой части, то не исключены смещения продольных осей труб на прямоугольных участках, возможность же проверки качества центрирования труб в данном случае отсутствует.U-shaped pipes, centered using flange connections of these parts with the formation of an oval-shaped spiral channel, pipes of one of the parts on the rounded part are formed in a body of heat-resistant material, and superimposed on the pipes of the other part, then the longitudinal axes of the pipes cannot be displaced in rectangular sections , the possibility of checking the quality of the centering of the pipes in this case is absent.

Цель изобретения — упрощение технологии изготовления теплообменника.The purpose of the invention is to simplify the manufacturing technology of the heat exchanger.

Эта цель достигается тем, что в способе изготовления теплообменника путем намотки трубы по спирали, имеющей скругленные и прямоугольные участки, после намотки трубы скругленные участкп спирали помещают в форму с жидкой массой, образующей при затвердевании блок, в котором выполняют «глухое» коллекторное отверстие, сообщающееся с трубами спирали.This goal is achieved by the fact that in a method for manufacturing a heat exchanger by winding a pipe in a spiral having rounded and rectangular sections, after winding the pipe, the rounded sections of the spiral are placed in a mold with a liquid mass, which forms a block in the process of solidification, in which a “blind” collector hole communicating with spiral pipes.

На фиг. 1 изображен теплообменник, изготавливаемый указанным способом из однослойной спирали, общий вид; на фиг. 2 — вид А на фиг. 1; на фиг. 3 — теплообменник, изготавливаемый указанным способом из многослойной'спирали; на фиг. 4 — разрез В—В на фиг. 3; на фиг. 5 — теплообменник, изготавливаемый указанным способом с коллектором, расположенным на одном из скругленных участков; на фиг. 6 — теплообменник на фиг. 2, вид в аксонометрии.In FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger made in this way from a single-layer spiral, general view; in FIG. 2 is a view A in FIG. 1; in FIG. 3 - a heat exchanger made in this way from a multilayer spiral; in FIG. 4 - section BB — in FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 - a heat exchanger manufactured in this way with a collector located on one of the rounded sections; in FIG. 6 - heat exchanger in FIG. 2, a perspective view.

Теплообменник содержит трубу 1, навитую по спирали с образованием каналов 2, примыкающих к коллекторам 3 и 4, раздающему и собирающему соответственно.The heat exchanger contains a pipe 1, wound in a spiral with the formation of channels 2 adjacent to the collectors 3 and 4, distributing and collecting, respectively.

Способ включает следующую последовательность операций.The method includes the following sequence of operations.

В начале осуществляют намотку трубы 1 по спирали, имеющей переходящие скругленные участки с заданным радиусом изгиба минимальным, чтобы получить прямолинейные участки у спирали. Количество витков спирали выбирается из условия получения заданной величины поверхности теплообменника. После намотки трубы по спирали, ее скругленные участки помещают в форму с жидкой массой металла или пластмассы, образующей при затвердевании блоки, в которых выполняют «глухие» отверстия с образованием коллекторов 3 и 4, раздающего и собирающего, соответственно глухие отверстия в блоках сверлят с противоположных торцов последних.At the beginning, the pipe 1 is wound in a spiral having rolling rounded sections with a given bending radius minimum, in order to obtain straight sections at the spiral. The number of turns of the spiral is selected from the condition of obtaining a given value of the surface of the heat exchanger. After winding the pipe in a spiral, its rounded sections are placed in a mold with a liquid mass of metal or plastic, forming blocks during hardening, in which blind holes are made to form collectors 3 and 4, which distributes and collects, respectively, blind holes in the blocks are drilled from opposite end faces of the latter.

Из трубы можно осуществлять намотку как однослойной, так и многослойной спирали. Во втором случае направление намотки в смежных витках трубчатых спиралей будет противоположным.From the pipe, it is possible to wind both a single-layer and a multi-layer spiral. In the second case, the direction of winding in adjacent turns of tubular spirals will be opposite.

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Возможно также изготовление теплообменника с одним блоком (фиг. 5). В этом случае до помещения скругленных участков трубчатой спирали в форму с жидкой массой, их в средней части пережимают, исключая тем самым наличие внутренних проходных каналов в витках. После получения блока, в последнем выполняют сверление двух параллельных «глухих» коллекторных отверстий (фиг. 5).It is also possible to manufacture a heat exchanger with one unit (Fig. 5). In this case, before the rounded sections of the tubular spiral are placed in a mold with a liquid mass, they are pinched in the middle part, thereby excluding the presence of internal passage channels in the turns. After receiving the block, in the latter, two parallel “blind” collector holes are drilled (Fig. 5).

В теплообменнике, изготовленном предлагаемым способом, раздающий коллектор сообщается с собирающим коллектором через пучок прямых труб, что повышает пропускную способность теплообменника.In the heat exchanger manufactured by the proposed method, the distributing collector communicates with the collecting collector through a bundle of straight pipes, which increases the throughput of the heat exchanger.

Изготовление теплообменника предлагаемым способом значительно снижает трудоемкость и упрощает технологию его производства, так как позволяет изготавливать теплообменник путем непрерывной навивки трубы (без раздельного выполнения его отдельных витков) и последующей ее заливки в коллектор, в котором с помощью сверлений выполняются «глухие» отверстия, соединяющиеся со всеми витками спирали или спиралей.The manufacture of the heat exchanger by the proposed method significantly reduces the complexity and simplifies the technology of its production, as it allows the heat exchanger to be manufactured by continuously winding the pipe (without separately performing its individual turns) and then pouring it into the collector, in which “blind” holes are connected by drilling all turns of a spiral or spirals.

Выполнение трубчатой спирали определенной формы заодно целое с корпусами коллекторов делает теплообменный элемент более компактным и повышает надежность его работы. Компактность достигается благодаря выполнению витков спирали в виде прямолинейных участков и скруглений, выполненных с минимальным радиусом изгиба, а надежность достигается за счет ликвидации паянных или сварных соединений витков спирали с корпусами коллекторов.The implementation of a tubular spiral of a certain shape along with the collector bodies makes the heat exchange element more compact and increases the reliability of its operation. Compactness is achieved due to the implementation of spiral coils in the form of straight sections and fillets made with a minimum bending radius, and reliability is achieved by eliminating soldered or welded joints of spiral coils with collector bodies.

Claims

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to the technology of manufacturing tubular spiral heat exchangers used in any industry. . A heat exchanger is known, comprising annularly or in parallel arranged collector chambers, between which are placed inclined mutually overlapping heat exchange tubes. A method of manufacturing such a heat exchanger is that one or a pair of pipes are fixed between the inlet and outlet autonomous collectors, forming autonomous sections 1. However, in order to have a heat exchanger with a heat exchange surface having a predetermined heat transfer coefficient, the operation is repeated several times. installation of pipes between the collectors and fixing them in the latter, which is low-tech, since it requires a considerable amount of time for installation work, besides, the heat exchanger in this case significantly lloemok A known method of manufacturing a spiral tubular heat exchanger consists in winding a bundle of pipes in a spiral and connecting the internal channels of these pipes with a distributing and collecting collector, which is achieved by welding or sealing the ends of these pipes in the collector shells 2. The disadvantage of this method is the complexity of the installation work. A known method of manufacturing a heat exchanger consists in winding the pipe in a spiral, followed by pouring or molding the latter into a case of heat-resistant material 3. However, this method allows to obtain a heat exchanger with a limited heat exchange surface defined by the surface of the case. A known method of manufacturing a heat exchanger by winding pipes in a spiral having rounded and rectangular portions 4. However, despite the reduction in installation time, the operation of this heat exchanger is not ensured. Since the heat exchanger is made of two component parts with U-shaped tubes centered by the flange joints of these parts to form an oval-shaped spiral channel, the tubes of one of the parts on the rounded portion are formed in the body of heat-resistant material , then the displacement of the longitudinal axes of the pipes in the rectangular areas is not excluded, but the possibility of checking the quality of the centering of the pipes in this case is absent. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the manufacturing technology of the heat exchanger. This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing a heat exchanger by winding a pipe in a spiral having rounded and rectangular sections, after winding the pipe, the rounded sections of the helix are placed in a mold with a liquid mass that forms during solidification a block in which a collector hole is made communicating with the spiral pipes. FIG. 1 shows a heat exchanger manufactured in this way from a single-layer helix, general view; in fig. 2 is a view A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 - the heat exchanger manufactured in this way from multilayer helix; in fig. 4 shows a section B-B in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 - heat exchanger manufactured in this way with a collector located on one of the rounded sections; in fig. 6 shows the heat exchanger of FIG. 2, a perspective view. The heat exchanger contains a pipe 1, wound in a spiral with the formation of channels 2, adjacent to the collectors 3 and 4, distributing and collecting, respectively. The method includes the following sequence of operations. At the beginning, the pipe 1 is wound in a spiral, having transitional rounded sections with a predetermined minimum bend radius, in order to obtain straight sections at the spiral. The number of turns of the helix is selected from the conditions for obtaining a given value of the heat exchanger surface. After winding the pipe in a spiral, its rounded sections are placed in a mold with a liquid mass of metal or plastic, which forms during solidification blocks, in which blind holes are formed to form manifolds 3 and 4, distributing and collecting, respectively, blind holes in blocks opposite ends of the latter. Both single-layer and multi-layer helix can be wound from a pipe. In the second case, the direction of winding in adjacent turns of the tubular spirals will be opposite. It is also possible to manufacture a heat exchanger with one unit (Fig. 5). In this case, before placing the rounded sections of the tubular helix in a form with a liquid mass, they are clamped in the middle part, thereby excluding the presence of internal flow channels in the turns. After receiving the block, in the latter, two parallel deaf collector holes are drilled (Fig. 5). In the heat exchanger manufactured by the proposed method, the dispensing manifold communicates with the collecting manifold through a bundle of straight pipes, which increases the capacity of the heat exchanger. The manufacture of a heat exchanger by the proposed method significantly reduces the labor intensity and simplifies its production technology, as it allows the manufacture of a heat exchanger by continuously winding the pipe (without separately performing its separate turns) and then pouring it into the collector, in which Available with all turns of the helix or spirals. The implementation of a tubular spiral of a certain form along with the bodies of the collectors at the same time makes the heat exchange element more compact and increases the reliability of its work. Compactness is achieved by making turns of the helix in the form of straight sections and rounding made with a minimum bend radius, and reliability is achieved due to the elimination of brazed or welded joints of the turns of the helix with collector shells. The invention The method of manufacturing a heat exchanger by winding pipes in a spiral having rounded and straight sections, characterized in that, in order to simplify the manufacturing technology, after winding the pipes, the rounded sections of the spiral are placed in a mold with a liquid mass forming during solidification the unit in which There are “blind collector holes” communicating with the spiral pipes. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR patent number 5073, cl. F 28 D 7/00, published .. 1925.

2. USSR author's certificate number 491815, cl. F 28 D 7/02, 1970.

3. USSR author's certificate number 132393, cl. F 28 D 9/04, 1960.

4. The patent of France No. 3206418, cl. F 28 D 7/06, published 1976 ..

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