SU944757A1

SU944757A1 - Ingot mould for casting steel

Info

Publication number: SU944757A1
Application number: SU802979999A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Алексей Павлович Варчич; Виктор Онисимович Кононенко; Петр Павлович Кальченко
Original assignee: Краматорский Завод "Энергомашспецсталь"
Priority date: 1980-09-08
Filing date: 1980-09-08
Publication date: 1982-07-23

Description

Изобретение относится к черной металлургии и может найти применение: в сталеплавильных цехах при разливке стали.The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy and may find application: in steelmaking shops during steel casting.

Основной причиной разрушения известных изложниц является неравномер- ⁵ный прогрев стенок, так разность температур внутренних и наружных слоев изложницы в период разливки стали достигает 650-80(/4. В результате в ₁₀стенках изложниц возникают высокие напряжения, приводящие к образованию трещин, что в конечном итоге снижает стойкость изложниц.The main cause of failure of known molds ⁵ ny is uneven heating of the walls, so the temperature difference of inner and outer layers of the mold during casting reaches 650-80 (/ 4. As a result, the walls of mold ₁₀ having the high voltage, leading to the formation of cracks that ultimately reduces the durability of the molds.

Известна изложница для разливки _J5стали, выполненная многогранной с продольными пазами на наружной поверхности с шириной и глубиной, соответственно равными 0,5-1,0 и 0,60,8 толщины стенок и расположенными го по середине граней со стороны торцов длиной, равной 0,15-0,20 высоты изложницы, и по ребрам граней на расстоянии от торцов длиной, равной 0,8-0,9 высоты изложницы. Применение таких изложниц позволяет повысить их стойкость [l ].Known mold for casting _J5 steel, made of polyhedral with longitudinal grooves on the outer surface with a width and depth respectively equal to 0.5-1.0 and 0.60.8 wall thickness and located in the middle of the faces from the ends of the length of 0 , 15-0.20 mold height, and along the edges of the faces at a distance from the ends of a length equal to 0.8-0.9 mold height. The use of such molds can increase their resistance [l].

Выполнение продольных пазов по граням и по ребрам разных высот требует точного их выполнения, что усложняет процесс изготовления изложницы, а ослабление тела изложницы отрицательно сказывается на перепаде температур внутренних и наружных слоев и не гарантирует равномерный отвод тепла в процессе кристаллизации слитка.The implementation of longitudinal grooves along the faces and ribs of different heights requires accurate execution, which complicates the manufacturing process of the mold, and the weakening of the mold body adversely affects the temperature difference of the inner and outer layers and does not guarantee uniform heat removal during the crystallization of the ingot.

Наиболее близким техническим решением к предложенному является изложница для разливки стали, корпус которой выполнен с трапецеидальными пазами на наружной поверхности, которые заполнены металлическим сыпучим материалом,-при этом в качестве сыпучего материала используется смесь стальной и свинцевой дроби,а пазы закрыты крышками, установленныI ми на корпусе.Применение изложницы позволяет повысить срок ее службы£2^.The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a mold for casting steel, the case of which is made with trapezoidal grooves on the outer surface, which are filled with metal granular material, in this case a mixture of steel and lead shot is used as granular material, and the grooves are closed with lids installed on The use of the mold allows to increase the service life of £ 2 ^.

Недостатком данной изложницы является сложность ее конструкции, что приводит к неудобствам эксплуатации, а также недостаточный отвод тепла в процессе кристаллизации слитка,так как интенсивное отобранное тепло смесью стальной и свинцовой дроби, расположенной в пазах с закрытыми крышками, больше аккумулируется изложницей, чем рассеивается.The disadvantage of this mold is the complexity of its design, which leads to inconvenience of operation, as well as insufficient heat dissipation during the crystallization of the ingot, since the intensive heat taken by the mixture of steel and lead shot located in the slots with the covers closed is more accumulated by the mold than dissipated.

Целью изобретения является улучшение отвода тепла в процессе кристаллизации слитка и повышение срока службы изложницы.The aim of the invention is to improve heat removal during crystallization of the ingot and increase the service life of the mold.

' Поставленная цель достигается тем, что в изложнице для разливки стали,выполненной на рабочей поверхности с гранями, а на наружной - с продольными пазами трапецеидального сечения, в которых размещены вкладыши из материала с большей теплопроводностью, чем материал изложницы, согласно изобретению пазы выполнены с расположением больших оснований против ребер граней, а каждый вкладыш - с конфигурацией, соответствующей профилю паза, и с открытой продольной полостью со стороны их меньших оснований.'The goal is achieved by the fact that in the mold for casting steel, made on the working surface with faces, and on the outside with longitudinal grooves of a trapezoidal section, in which there are liners made of a material with higher thermal conductivity than the material of the mold, according to the invention, the grooves are arranged large bases against the edges of the faces, and each insert with a configuration corresponding to the groove profile, and with an open longitudinal cavity from the side of their smaller bases.

На фиг. 1 изображено сечениё А-А на фиг. 2; на фиг. 2 - изложница, вид сверху.In FIG. 1 shows section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 2 - mold, top view.

Изложница 1 с трапецеидальными пазами, на наружной поверхности в которые вставлены вкладыши 2 из высокотеп-³⁵лопроводного материала,например из меди, на которых выполнены открытые П-образные полости 3 со стороны их меньших оснований, установлена на поддон 4.The casting mold 1 with trapezoidal grooves on the outer surface into which are inserted two inserts of ³⁵ vysokotep- conductivities material such as copper, which are made open U-shaped cavity 3 by their smaller bases, mounted on pallet 4.

Трапецеидальные охлаждающие пазы с расположенными в них конгруэнтными вкладышами из высокотеплопроводного материала, например из меди, на которых выполнены открытые П-образные полости со стороны их меньших оснований, расположены своими большими основаниями против каждого ребра многогранника по высоте корпуса, позволяют улучшить отвод тепла по его периметру,что 50 ускоряет кристаллизацию твердой корки стали в первые 1,52,5 мин после соприкосновения со стенкой изложницы. Одновременно более интенсивный отвод тепла на этой стадии позволяет получить твердую корку металла большей толщины, которая хорошо сопротивляется ферростатическому давлению жидкого j металла, а также значительно увеличивает ее прочность, тем самым снижается опасность образования трещин.Trapezoidal cooling grooves with congruent inserts made of highly heat-conducting material located in them, for example, copper, on which open U-shaped cavities are made from the side of their smaller bases, are located with their large bases against each edge of the polyhedron along the height of the body, which allows to improve heat removal along its perimeter , which 50 accelerates the crystallization of the hard crust of steel in the first 1.52.5 minutes after contact with the mold wall. At the same time, more intense heat dissipation at this stage makes it possible to obtain a hard metal crust of a greater thickness, which is well resistant to the ferrostatic pressure of the liquid metal j and also significantly increases its strength, thereby reducing the risk of cracking.

После образования зазора между корочкой и стенкой изложницы перепад Ю температур в корочке снижается, что уменьшает опасность разрыва корочки от температурных напряжений.After the gap between the crust and the mold wall is formed, the temperature drop in the crust decreases, which reduces the risk of rupture of the crust from temperature stresses.

Кроме того, выполненные открытые П-образные полости.на вкладышах со 15 стороны их меньших оснований увеличивают площадь рассеивания отобранного тепла в процессе кристаллизации слитка.In addition, open U-shaped cavities are made. On inserts from the 15th side of their smaller bases, the area of dispersion of the selected heat increases during crystallization of the ingot.

Таким образом, улучшение отвода 20 тепла по периметру многогранника по высоте корпуса изложницы улучшает условия кристаллизации слитка и работы изложницы, что приводит к повышению срока ее эксплуатации, а снижение опасности образования трещин в процес се кристаллизации слитка повышает его качество.Thus, an improvement in heat removal 20 along the perimeter of the polyhedron along the height of the mold body improves the conditions of ingot crystallization and mold operation, which leads to an increase in its lifetime, and a decrease in the risk of cracking during crystallization of the ingot increases its quality.

Claims

The invention relates to ferrous metallurgy and can be used in steel-smelting shops for steel casting. The main reason for the destruction of the known molds is uneven heating of the walls, so the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers of the mold during the casting of steel reaches 650-800 C. As a result, high stress develops in the walls of the molds, resulting in the formation of cracks. the result reduces the resistance of the molds. Known mold for steel casting, made multifaceted with longitudinal grooves on the outer surface with a width and depth equal to 0.5-1.0 and 0.60, 8, respectively, wall thickness and located in the middle of the faces from the ends of a length equal to 0.15 -0.20 heights of the tiller, and along the edges of the faces at a distance from the ends of a length equal to 0.8–0.9 of the height of the mold. The use of such molds increases their resistance to l. Making longitudinal grooves along the edges and edges of different heights requires their precise implementation, which complicates the process of making the mold, and weakening the body of the mold affects the temperature difference between the inner and outer layers and does not guarantee uniform heat removal during the ingot crystallization. The closest technical solution to the proposed is a mold for casting steel, the casing of which is made with trapezoidal grooves on the outer surface, which are filled with metallic bulk material - a mixture of steel and lead shot is used as the bulk material, and the grooves are closed with lids mounted on corpuscle. Application of the mold allows to increase its service life C2 | The disadvantage of this mold is the complexity of its design, which leads to inconvenience of operation, as well as insufficient heat removal in the process of ingot crystallization, since the intense heat collected by the mixture of steel and lead shot, located in the grooves with the lids closed, accumulates more in the mold than is dissipated. The aim of the invention is to improve the heat removal during the crystallization of the ingot and increase the service life of the mold. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the mold for casting steel, made on the working surface with edges, and on the outer surface - with longitudinal trapezoidal grooves, in which inserts made of material with a higher thermal conductivity than the material of the mold are found, according to the invention, the grooves are made with the location of large bases against the edges of the faces, and each liner - with a configuration corresponding to the profile of the groove, and with an open longitudinal cavity on the side of their smaller bases. FIG. 1 shows section A-A in FIG. 2; in fig. 2 - mold, top view. Fig. 1 with trapezoidal grooves, on the outer surface into which inserts 2 of high heat conductive material are inserted — for example, from copper, on which open U-shaped cavities 3 are installed on the side of their smaller bases, is installed on a pallet k. Trapezoidal cooling grooves with congruent inserts made of high heat-conducting material, such as copper, which have open U-shaped cavities on the side of their smaller bases, are located with their large bases against each edge of the polyhedron along the height of the housing, which allow to improve heat removal over its perimeter, which accelerates the solidification of the solid crust of steel in the first 1, 5 min after contact with the wall of the mold. At the same time, a more intense heat removal at this stage allows one to obtain a hard metal crust of greater thickness that resists the ferrostatic pressure of the liquid metal well, and also significantly increases its strength, thereby reducing the risk of cracking. After the gap between the crust and the wall of the mold is formed, the temperature difference in the crust is reduced, which reduces the risk of crust breaking due to temperature stresses. In addition, open U-shaped cavities made on the liners on the side of their smaller bases increase the area of dissipation of the selected heat in the process of ingot crystallization. Thus, improving the heat removal around the perimeter of the polyhedron along the height of the ingot mold body improves the conditions of ingot crystallization and the operation of the ingot mold, which leads to an increase in its service life, and reducing the risk of cracking during the ingot crystallization process improves its quality. The invention The ingot mold for steel casting is made on the working surface with edges, and on the outer surface - with longitudinal grooves of trapezoidal section, in which inserts of material with a higher thermal conductivity than the mold material, characterized by the fact that, in order to improve heat removal in the ingot crystallization process and increasing the life of the mold, the grooves are made with large bases located against the edges of the faces, and each insert has a configuration corresponding to the groove profile and an open longitudinal polo by their lesser reasons. I Sources of information taken into account during the examination 1. USSR author's certificate No. 5925J, cl. B 22 D 7/06, 1976.

2. USSR author's certificate ff 530735, cl. B 22 D 7/06, 19759 “757

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