SU934943A1 - Method of producing fertile layer at recultivation of ash burrows and tailing dumps - Google Patents

Description

(54) METHOD OF FORMATION OF FERTILIAL LAYER IN THE RECULTIVATION OF GRAINS MILK AND TAILINGS The invention relates to the formation of a fertile layer during the recultivation of ash from a state district power station and shlamp depository (tailing) of various mining and processing plants, and the unthinking season, then, at the same time, hryvnia will be treated by various individual minerals (tailing) of various mining and processing plants, and then the medium, and then the medium will be off-season, and you will have to go to the fireworks and to protect the ash from various types of mineral ore and various sludge deposits of various mining and processing plants and the unthreaded seasoning of the unthreaded and horticultural plants. Methods are known for the recultivation of ash dumps and tailing dumps, which consist in the fact that, in order to increase the flow of electricity and shorten the period of recultivation, tailing sites are separated by bridges built with us and then filled with small and large tailings, water supply and distribution and small and large tailings, removal of water and application of small and large tails, removal of water and the use of small and large tailings, removal of water and the distribution of small and large tailings, removal of water and application of small and large tailings overburden rocks delivered by trucks and leveled by F1 bulldozers. In addition, there is a known method, which consists in breaking the surface of the ash dumps and the recesses of the repositories into checks, making them repeatedly secured by flooding with household sewage and followed by plowing after each flooding. The disadvantages of these methods are that there is often no possibility of supplying water runoff to ash dumps, difficulties arise in returning the water and maintaining water balance, as water coming into contact with reclaimed rocks is strongly mineralized during the construction of ash dumps on land there is practically no possibility of organizing the development of quarries and laying of the grains on pre-washed breeds, the erection of jumpers requires additional space, there is no possibility of supply from outside other parts, such as humus, .sapropelevyh and other particulate constituents beneficial effect on the formation of the surface layer. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of reclamation work, improve the chemical composition and structure of the fertile layer, better moisture accumulation and reduce evaporation from the upper horizon. This goal is achieved by the fact that the previously recruited dispersed

the pulp flow of the rock of the ash dump basement or the storage facilities (tailing dumps), which are used for the subsequent application of a layer of sludge, scattered a layer of natural sapropel sludge with humus particles in a dispersed flow. The thickness (thickness) of the DN sludge bed is 0.2–0.35 m. Then, after its natural drying for 20–30 days, the plowed up rocks are plowed to a depth of 0.4–0.5 m, i.e. equal to 1.2-1.3 DN With the direction of the furrows at an angle of 40-vl5 ° to the longitudinal axis of the dam, and then cultivating the comfort of the soil with shears and others. agricultural tools, preparing it for planting agricultural crops.

Alluviation of basement ash rocks is carried out by concentrated flow

(release) of pulp to the slope of the pipeline located perpendicular to the axis of the embankment dam, and then to the previously accumulated basement ash-and-slag rocks, all of the sediment is washed down.

In order to improve moisture accumulation and reduce evaporation from the upper horizon, the sludge layer is plowed to a depth exceeding its thickness of 1.3-1.4 DN thickness of the sludge layer with the direction of the grooves at an angle of 10-20 ° to the longitudinal axis of the dam, and then t cultivation of soil for planting agricultural crops.

The averaged chemical composition of the initial components of ash materials and natural sludge from Kuchurgan} iman Moldavskaya GRES is given in Table. 1. Table 1

Loss on ignition of the SPT

After plowing the sludge layer and beneath the ash-and-slag material to a depth equal to (0.3-0.4) DI - the thickness of the washed sludge layer, the resulting ash-earth soil is mixed and has the following chemical composition,%: Silicon oxide 60-65

Semi-porous oxides 27-30

10-16

Aluminum oxide 8-17 Iron oxide 1.2-2.0 Potassium oxide 3.6-6.3 Calcium oxide

7-8

1.2-2.0

Magnesium oxide 1.6-4.2

Sodium oxide 0.4-0.6

Phosphoric anhydride 1.1-3.5 Losses during ignition In this way, after plowing and mixing the washed sludge and ash, peeling the upper layer, soil is obtained for sowing lupine, clover, alfalfa, leguminous plants, and later - cucumbers, tomatoes and other vegetables.

The soil size distribution most closely corresponds to sandy loam. In addition to humus particles, this soil contains 10–25 times more phosphoric anhydride than in ordinary soils, which is very useful and valuable. The method of obtaining a fertile layer is simple, reliable, and easily technically feasible.

The economic efficiency of the proposed method is reasonable, the cost of land reclamation is about 2,000 rubles / ha.

Claims (2)

In tab. 2 shows the main parameters of the method. Claim 1. Method of formation of the fertile layer during the reclamation of dumpers and tailing dumps, including the washing of base and upper layer rocks, characterized in that, in order to reduce the cost of remediation, improve the chemical composition and structure of the fertile layer, of the vegetable layer by a dispersed pulp stream they wash a layer of natural sa of the propellant nla with humus particles and after natural drying they make BcnaluKy of washed rocks with The furrows are at an angle of 40-45 ° C to the longitudinal axis of the dam and the subsequent cultivation of the soil for sowing agricultural crops. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to better accumulate moisture and reduce evaporation from the upper horizon, a stream of pulp produced perpendicular to the axis of the dam is concentrated, the ash and slag material is washed and after drying it is washed down a layer of sludge, then plowed over depth exceeding its thickness, with the direction of the furrows at an angle of 10-20 ° to the longitudinal axis of the dam. Sources of information taken into account when examining the USSR Copyright Certificate of the USSR № 685752, cl. E 02 B 7/06, 1977. 2. USSR author's certificate №515482, cl. A 01 B 79/00, 1974.