SU933292A1

SU933292A1 - Drilling machine spindle feed mechanism

Info

Publication number: SU933292A1
Application number: SU802991673A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Степан Григорьевич Нагорняк
Original assignee: за витель (St) МЕХАНИЗМ ПОДАЧИ ШПИНДЕЛЯ СВЕРЛИЛЬНОГО С,Г, Нагорн к СТАНКА
Priority date: 1980-10-08
Filing date: 1980-10-08
Publication date: 1982-06-07

Description

Изобретение относится к области станкостроения.The invention relates to the field of machine tool industry.

Известен механизм подачи шпинделя сверлильного станка, представляющий собой коробку подач, содержащую упругую муфту, установленную на выходном ⁵валу коробки подач, содержащую упругую муфту, установленную на выходном валу коробки подач, полумуфты которой включают пружины сжатия, и фиксирующий элемент для взаимодействия с ведомой полумуфтой £l ].A known drilling machine spindle feed mechanism, which is a feed box containing an elastic sleeve mounted on the output shaft ^{5 of the} feed box, containing an elastic sleeve mounted on the output shaft of the feed box, the coupling halves of which include compression springs, and a locking element for interacting with the driven coupling half £ l].

Недостатком известного механизма является сложность его изготовления и сборки, поскольку упругая муфта рас~₅положена внутри коробки подач. Кроме того, наличие фиксирующего элемента внутри коробки подач увеличивает ее размеры.A disadvantage of the known mechanism is the complexity of its manufacture and assembly, since the elastic coupling ~ _{5 is} placed inside the feed box. In addition, the presence of a locking element inside the feed box increases its size.

Цель изобретения - уменьшение га- _мбаритных размеров механизма и упрощение процесса сборки и настройки.The purpose of the invention - reduction of gas-sized barite _m mechanism and simplifying the assembly and adjustment process.

С этой целью предложенный механизм снабжен расположенной концентрич2 но первой идентичной упругой муфтой, причем ведущая полумуфта охватываемой упругой муфты и ведомая полумуфта охватывающей представляют собой фланцы, установленные на выходном валу, выступающем за пределы коробки подач. Ведомая полумуфта охватываемой упругой муфты и ведущая полумуфта охватывающей выполнены в виде диска, размещенного на указанном валу. На диске выполнены пазы на двух концентричных окружностях, в которых помещены пружины сжатия.For this purpose, the proposed mechanism is provided with a concentric located first identical elastic coupling, the leading coupling half of the male elastic coupling and the driven coupling half covering the flanges mounted on the output shaft protruding outside the feed box. The driven coupling half of the male elastic coupling and the driving coupling coupling made in the form of a disk placed on the specified shaft. On the disk, grooves are made on two concentric circles in which compression springs are placed.

На фиг.1 - изображен описываемый механизм в разрезе; на фиг. 2 сечение А-А на фиг. 1.Figure 1 - shows the described mechanism in section; in FIG. 2, section AA in FIG. 1.

С расположенной в корпусе коробки подач пинолью 1 находится в постоянном зацеплении реечная шестерня 2, жестко установленная на выходном валу.3. На этом же валу свободно установлено червячное колесо 4, находящееся в зацеплении -с червяком 5, кинематически связанным с зубча '933292 тыми передачами шпиндельной бабки ^зубчатые передачи на черт, не показаны) . Внутри пиноли 1 с возможностью перемещения размещен шпиндель 6, на нижнем конце которого ус- 5 тановлено сверло 7. На столе станка неподвижно закреплена обрабатываемая деталь 8.With the pinole 1 located in the housing of the feed box, the pinion gear 2 is fixedly engaged and is rigidly mounted on the output shaft. 3. A worm wheel 4 is freely mounted on the same shaft, which is meshed with a worm 5 kinematically connected to the gears of the spindle head (gears are not shown). A spindle 6 is placed inside the pinole 1 with the possibility of movement, on the lower end of which a drill 7 is mounted 7. The workpiece 8 is fixedly fixed on the machine table.

К внешней части корпуса 9 коробки подач неподвижно прикреплен диск Ю 10, в котором имеется кольцевой Т-образный паз 11. В пазу 11 установлен регулируемый в окружном направлении жесткий упор 12. Для взаимодействия с упором 12 предусмот- 15 рен консольный палец 13, расположенный дополнительно по периферии ведомого фланца 14. Во фланце 14 установлены поводковые консольные пальцы 15, входящие в кольцевые преры- ₂₀вистые пазы 16, выполненные в теле диска 17, установленного с возможностью проворота относительно ведущего фланца 18, связанного жесткой соединительной муфтой 19 с червяч- ₂5 ним колесом 4 коробки подач. В ведущем фланце 18 равномерно по окружности установлены поводковые консольные пальцы 20, входящие в кольцевые прерывистые пазы 21, выпол- ₃₀ненные в теле диска 17· Пазы 16 и 21 расположены по двум' концентричным окружностям, центр которых совпадает с осью вала 3. На конце вала 3 установлен штурвал 22 ручного перемещения пиноли 1 в вертикальном направлении. Поводковые пальцы 15 фланца 14 контактируют через промежуточные пластины 23 с торцами пружин сжатия 24, расположенных в пазах 16 диска 17· Другие торцы пружин 24 контактируют с сегментыми вставками 25, установленными на других концах пазов 16.A disk Yu 10, in which there is an annular T-shaped groove 11, is fixedly fixed to the outer part of the supply box body 9; in the groove 11, a rigid stop 12 is installed in the circumferential direction. For interaction with the stop 12, a cantilever pin 13 is provided, additionally located along the periphery of the driven flange 14. The flange 14 of the flanged cantilever mounted fingers 15 included in the interruption ₂₀ whist the annular grooves 16 formed in the body of the disc 17, rotatably mounted with respect to the drive flange 18 associated rigidly connected linen coupling 19 with a worm - ₂ 5 with a wheel 4 feed boxes. In the leading flange 18 uniformly circumferentially mounted flanged cantilever fingers 20 included in the discontinuous annular grooves 21, ₃₀ nennye performed in the body disk 17 · Grooves 16 and 21 are arranged in two "concentric circles, the center of which coincides with the axis of the shaft 3. At the end of shaft 3 mounted steering wheel 22 for manual movement of the quill 1 in the vertical direction. The driving fingers 15 of the flange 14 are in contact through the intermediate plates 23 with the ends of the compression springs 24 located in the grooves 16 of the disk 17 · Other ends of the springs 24 are in contact with the segments of the inserts 25 mounted on the other ends of the grooves 16.

Консольные пальцы 20 фланца 18 контактируют через промежуточные пластины 26 с торцами пружин сжатия 27, расположенных в пазах 21 диска 17. Другие торцы пружин 27 контактируют с сегментными полуцилиндрическими вставками 28, установленными на других концах пазов 21. Расположенные по концентричным окружностям пружины сжатия 24 и 27 имеют одинаковые жесткость и диаметральные размеры.The cantilever fingers 20 of the flange 18 are in contact through the intermediate plates 26 with the ends of the compression springs 27 located in the grooves 21 of the disk 17. The other ends of the springs 27 are in contact with the semicylindrical segment inserts 28 mounted on the other ends of the grooves 21. Compression springs 24 and 27 located on concentric circles have the same stiffness and diametrical dimensions.

Ведущий фланец 18 - это ведущая ι. полумуфта охватываемой упругой муфты, в состав которой входят пружи |ны сжатия 27 и диск 17, как ведомая полумуфта. Одновременно диск 17 является ведущей полумуфтой охватывающей упругой муфты, в состав которой входят пружины сжатия 24 и ведомый фланец 14, как ведомая полумуфта этой упругой муфты. Таким образом упругие муфты расположены концентрично. Ведомая полумуфта охватываемой упругой муфты и ведущая полумуфта охватывающей упругой муфты совмещены в одном диске 17Перед началом работы вершину сверла 7 вводят в контакт с верхним торцом детали 8, а упор 12 передвигают по кольцевому Т-образному пазу 11 и жестко фиксируют в таком положении, при котором в процессе дальнейшей работы контакт пальца 13 с жестким упором 12 произойдет в тот момент, когда вершина сверла 7 окажется на расстоянии Ή от нижнего торца детали 8. Величина представляет собой толщину зоны выпучивания металла. Она примерно равна ^хО,2<ЭсЬ, где deb- диаметр сзерла.Lead flange 18 is lead ι. a half-sleeve of a covered elastic coupling, which includes compression springs 27 and a disk 17, as a driven half-coupling. At the same time, the disk 17 is the leading coupling half covering the elastic coupling, which includes compression springs 24 and the driven flange 14, as the driven coupling half of this elastic coupling. Thus, the elastic couplings are concentric. The driven half-coupling of the male elastic coupling and the leading half-coupling of the female elastic coupling are combined in one disk 17. Before starting work, the top of the drill 7 is brought into contact with the upper end of the part 8, and the stop 12 is moved along the annular T-groove 11 and rigidly fixed in such a position that in the course of further work, the contact of the finger 13 with the hard stop 12 will occur at the moment when the top of the drill 7 is at a distance Ή from the lower end of the part 8. The value is the thickness of the zone of metal bulging. It is approximately equal to ^ xO, 2 <Ecb, where deb is the diameter of the gate.

Начальное значение угла cL (в градусах) между пальцем 13 и упором .12 равно с/,⁰ - 360°· Ьнач ноч' It· Wp Хр ’ rfleViy^q- расстояние от верхнего торца отверстия в детали 8 до начала опасной зоны при выходе сверла из отверстия мм, Ю1р - модуль реечного колеса 2 мм, Zp - число зубьев колеса 2.The initial value of the angle cL (in degrees) between the finger 13 and the stop .12 is equal to /, ⁰ - 360 ° · first night 'It · Wp Хр' rfleViy ^ q is the distance from the upper end of the hole in part 8 to the beginning of the danger zone at the exit drills from the hole mm, Yu1r - module rack and pinion wheels 2 mm, Zp - the number of teeth of the wheel 2.

В начальный момент работы упругие муфты не нагружены.At the initial moment of operation, the elastic couplings are not loaded.

При сообщении вращения валу 3 и при соприкосновении вершины сверла 7 с верхним торцом обрабатываемой детали 8 имеет место передача крутящего момента с червяка 5 на червячное колесо 4 и далее через муфту 19 на фланец 18 охватываемой упругой муфты с пружинами сжатия 27. Через поводковые пальцы 20, промежуточные пластины 26 и пружины сжатия 27 момент передается на диск 17 и далее на вал 3 с реечной шестерней 2. В результате вращения шестерни 2 пиноль 1 со шпинделем 6 получает вертикальное перемещение вниз.When the rotation is communicated to the shaft 3 and when the top of the drill 7 is in contact with the upper end of the workpiece 8, torque is transmitted from the worm 5 to the worm wheel 4 and then through the coupling 19 to the flange 18 of the male elastic coupling with compression springs 27. Through the driving fingers 20, intermediate plates 26 and compression springs 27, the moment is transmitted to the disk 17 and then to the shaft 3 with the pinion gear 2. As a result of the rotation of the gear 2, the pinole 1 with the spindle 6 receives a vertical downward movement.

Таким образом, в начальный момент сверления имеет место плавное сжатие пружин 27 до величины, при которой выполняется условие '^ИОС где Л^_м(₂₇) момент от сил сжатых пружин 27;Thus, at the initial moment of drilling, there is a smooth compression of the springs 27 to a value at which the condition ' ^And OS is satisfied where L ^ _m ( ₂₇ ) is the moment from the forces of the compressed springs 27;

- радиус делительной окружности шестерни 2;- the radius of the pitch circle of the gear 2;

Pqc - осевая сила нормального процесса резания.Pqc is the axial force of the normal cutting process.

В процессе входа сверла 7 в тело обрабатываемой детали 8 в результате окружного перемещения ведущей полумуфты - фланца 18 с пальцами 20 относительно диска 17 и сжатия при этом пружин 27 имеет место отставаПосле полного выхода конца сверла из детали подачу отключают и сверло вместе со шпинделем и пинолью возвращают в верхнее исходное 5 положение.During the entry of the drill 7 into the body of the workpiece 8 as a result of the circumferential movement of the leading coupling half - flange 18 with fingers 20 relative to the disk 17 and compression of the springs 27 there is a lag After the end of the drill comes out of the part, the supply is turned off and the drill, together with the spindle and pinole, are returned in the upper initial 5 position.

При этом деформации пружин обеих упругих муфт становятся равными нулюIn this case, the deformations of the springs of both elastic couplings become equal to zero

В дальнейшем описанный процесс работы в переходных и установившем1° ся режимах повторяется.Subsequently, the described operation process in transient and steady-state modes is repeated.

Концентричное расположение упругих муфт, а также их установка сов· местно с упорами на выходном валу, выступающем за пределы коробки по15 дач, обеспечивает уменьшение габаритных размеров механизма, а также упрощает процесс его сборки и настройки .The concentric arrangement of the elastic couplings, as well as their installation together with the stops on the output shaft, protruding beyond the box of 15 cottages, reduces the overall dimensions of the mechanism, and also simplifies the process of assembling and adjusting it.

ние подачи сверла от того значения, _мкоторое имело бы место в случае жесткой связи фланца 18 с валом 3·of drill feed from the value _m which would occur in the case of tight coupling flange 18 to the shaft 3 ·

После окончания периода врезания пиноль 1 движется с постоянной подачей S . В этом режиме работы осевую ₂₅силу резания воспринимают пружины сжатия 27, а пружины 24 по-прежнему находятся в свободном состоянии.After the end of the infeed period, the pinol 1 moves with a constant feed S. In this mode of operation, the axial ₂₅ force is perceived by the compression springs 27, and the springs 24 are still in a free state.

При подходе сверла к опасной „зоне}), начиная с которой имеет место выпучивание металла, консольный палец 13 входит в контакт с упором 12. , Таким образом.ведомая полумуфта фланец 14 оказывается в неподвижном состоянии,-а диск 17 вместе с валом 3 стремится вращаться в прежнем ³⁵направлении. Поскольку пружины 24 охватывающей упругой муфты расположены на большем расстоянии от оси вала 3, чем пружины 27 охватываемой муфты, то деформации этих пружин раз-⁴⁰личны.When approaching the drill to the dangerous “zone}), starting from which the metal is buckling, the cantilever pin 13 comes into contact with the stop 12. Thus, the driven coupling half of the flange 14 is stationary, and the disk 17 together with the shaft 3 tends to rotate in the previous ³⁵ direction. Since the springs 24 of the female elastic coupling are located at a greater distance from the axis of the shaft 3 than the springs 27 of the female coupling, the deformations of these springs are different ⁴⁰ .

В процессе дальнейшего вращения диска 17 пружинами 24 оказывается искусственное дополнительное сопротивление установившемуся До этого враще-⁴⁵нию указанного диска, что вызывает дополнительное сжатие пружины 27. В результате этого ведущая полумуфта фланец 18 с пальцами 20 проворачивается относительно диска 17. 5СDuring the further rotation of the disc springs 17, 24 is an artificial additional resistance Until this steady rotation ⁴⁵ NIJ said disk, causing additional compression of spring 27. As a result, the leading flange coupling half 18 with fingers 20 is rotated relative to the disc 17. 5C

Таким образом, в данном режиме работы имеют место автоматическое уменьшение подачи сверла 7 и его плавный выход из получаемого сквозного отверстия в обрабатываемой дета- 55 ли 8.Thus, in this mode of operation, there is an automatic decrease in the feed of the drill 7 and its smooth exit from the obtained through hole in the workpiece 8.

Claims

The invention relates to the field of machine tools. A known mechanism for feeding a spindle of a drilling machine is a feed box containing an elastic coupling mounted on the output shaft of the feed box containing an elastic coupling mounted on the output shaft of the feed box, the coupling half of which includes compression springs, and a locking element for interacting with the driven coupling half }. A disadvantage of the known mechanism is the complexity of its manufacture and assembly, since the elastic coupling is placed inside the feed box. In addition, the presence of a locking element inside the feed box increases its size. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the overall dimensions of the mechanism and simplify the assembly and adjustment process. To this end, the proposed mechanism is equipped with a concentrated first identical elastic coupling, with the drive coupling half of the male coupling and the coupling half coupling covering are flanges mounted on the output shaft, protruding beyond the feed box. Driven half-coupling covers. The wound elastic coupling and the leading coupling half are made in the form of a disk placed on the specified shaft. The disk has grooves on two concentric circles in which the compression springs are placed. FIG. 1 - shows the described mechanism in section; in fig. 2, section A-A in fig. 1, C with pinhole 1 located in the housing of the feed box is in constant gear with the pinion gear 2, rigidly mounted on the output shaft. On the same shaft, a worm gear k is freely mounted, which is in engagement — with a worm 5, kinematically connected with the headstock gears / gears on the bar, not shown. Inside the pinhole 1, there is a movable spindle 6, at the lower end of which a drill 7 is mounted. A workpiece 8 is fixedly mounted on the machine table. A disk 10 with an annular T-shaped groove 11 is attached to the outer part of the housing 9 of the feed box. A fixed stop 12 is installed in the groove 11 in the circumferential direction. A cantilever pin 13 is provided for interacting with the stop 12 and additionally located on the periphery of the driven flange Tt. In the flange there are mounted cantilevered pin-fingers 15, which are included in the ring intermittent grooves 16, made in the body of the disk 17, installed with the possibility of turning relative to the drive flange 18, connected with a rigid coupling 19 with the worm gear k of the feed box. In the leading flange 18, uniformly around the circumference are mounted the driving cantilever fingers 20, included in the circular discontinuous grooves i1, made in the body of the disk 17. The grooves 16 and 21 are arranged in two concentric circles, the center of which coincides with the axis of the shaft 3. At the end The shaft 3 is equipped with a handwheel 22 for manually moving the pinol 1 in the vertical direction. The driver pins 15 of the flap 1 are in contact through the intermediate plates 23 with the ends of the compression springs 2 located in the slots 16 of the disk 17. The other ends of the springs 2k are clocked with the segment inserts 25 installed at the other ends of the grooves 16. The console fingers 20 of the flange 18 are contacted through intermediate plates 2b with ends of compression springs 27 located in the slots 21 of the disk 17. The other ends of the springs 27 are in contact with segmental cylindrical inserts 28 mounted on the other ends of the slots 21. Located along the concentric circumference of the spring zhati 2k and 27 have the same rigidity and diametrical sizes. The driving flange 18 is the driving half of the coupling of the elastic coupling, which includes compression springs 2. 27 and disk 17, as the half-coupling knows. At the same time, the disk 17 is the leading coupling half of the female elastic coupling, which includes compression springs 2 and the driven flange 1, as driven by the coupling half of this elastic coupling. Thus, the elastic couplings are concentric. The driven coupling half covered by the elastic coupling and the leading coupling half of the covering elastic coupling are combined in one disk 17. in which, in the course of further work, the contact of the finger 13 with the rigid stop 12 will occur at the moment when the top of the drill 7 is at a distance b from the lower end of the part 8. The value of i is the thickness of the bulging metal. It is approximately equal to x-Q, 2dcb, where deb is the diameter of the drill. The initial value of the angle dach (in degrees) between the finger 13 and the anvil, 12 is C / O - 60 ° - Night, NISCH .. It is VOdp Tr –r where is the distance from the upper end of the hole in part 8 to the beginning of the danger zone when the drill comes out of the hole mm, WF - the module of the rack wheel 2 mm, ZP - the number of teeth of the wheel 2. At the initial moment of operation, the elastic couplings are not loaded. When the shaft 3 communicates rotation and when the tip of the drill 7 touches the upper end of the workpiece 8, the torque is transmitted from the screw 5 to the worm wheel and then through coupling 19 to flange 18 of the male elastic coupling with compression springs 27. Through the fingers 20, the intermediate plates 26 and the compression springs 27 are transmitted to the disk 17 and then to the shaft 3 with the pinion gear

2. As a result of rotation of gear 2, a quill with a spindle 6 receives a vertical movement in the bottom. Thus, at the initial moment of drilling, there is a smooth compression of the springs 27 to the value at which the condition is satisfied) the moment from the forces of the compressed springs 27; radius of the pitch circle of gear 2; axial force of the normal cutting process. In the process of entering the drill 7 into the body of the workpiece 8 as a result of the circumferential movement of the leading coupling half — flange 18 with the fingers 20 relative to the disk 17 and compressing the springs 27, there is a lag in the drill feed from that value which would have occurred if the connection was hard flange 18 with shaft

3. After the end of the embedding period, the quill 1 moves with a constant feed S. In this mode of operation, the axial cutting force is sensed by the compression springs 27, and the springs 24 are still in a free state. When the drill approaches the hazardous zone t), starting with which metal bulging has occurred, the cantilever pin 13 comes into contact with the stop 1 I. Thus, the half coupling half of the coupling 14 becomes stationary, and the disc 17 together with the sweep 3 tends to rotate in the same direction. Since the springs 24 of the female elastic coupling are located at a greater distance from the axis of the shaft 3 than the springs 27 of the male coupling, the deformations of these springs are different. In the process of further rotation of the disk 17 by the springs 24, the artificial additional resistance of the previously established rotation of the specified disk turns out, which causes additional compression of the spring 27. As a result, the coupling half flange 18 with the fingers 20 rotates relative to the disk 17.Thus, in this mode of operation automatic reduction of the drill feed 7 and its smooth exit from the resulting through hole in the workpiece 8. 926 After the drill ends completely exit the workpiece, turn off The drill and the drill together with the spindle and the quill return to the upper initial position. In this case, the deformations of the springs of both elastic couplings become zero. In the following, the process of working in transient and steady state is repeated. The concentric arrangement of the elastic couplings, as well as their installation together with the stops on the output shaft, protruding beyond the limits of the feed box, reduces the overall dimensions of the mechanism, and also simplifies the process of its assembly and adjustment. The invention The drilling machine spindle feed mechanism, which is a feed box containing an elastic coupling mounted on the output shaft of the feed box, the coupling half of which includes compression springs, and the locking element for interacting with the driven half coupling, in order to reduce overall dimensions of the mechanism, as well as simplifying the processes of assembly and adjustment, the mechanism is equipped with a first identical elastic coupling located concentrically, with the leading coupling half of the male elastic coupling and the half-coupling covers are flanges mounted on the feed box, and the half-coupling of the covered elastic coupling and the half-coupling engaging are made in the form of a disk placed on the above-mentioned shaft, and on the disk there are grooves on two concentric circles in which the compression plugs are placed . Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate of the application No. 2837712 / 25-08, paragraph B 23 B 47/04, 26.05.80.