SU917759A1 - Combined implement for soil working and distributing fertilizers - Google Patents

Description

(54) COMBINED MACHINERY FOR SOIL TREATMENT AND FERTILIZER INTRODUCTION

one

The invention relates to agriculture and is intended for the simultaneous irrigation or application of fertilizers and sowing of agricultural crops:

A working tool is known for supplying a liquid to a soil, which contains a loosening paw mounted on a rack with a flow channel for supplying water under it 1. The above mentioned body performs loosening of the soil and cutting off the soil nods in one pass, supplying water with fertilizers dissolved in it under the loosened layer of soil, while the top layer of soil remains dry and significantly prevents the evaporation of moisture. The loosening depth or installation depth of the working member is 20-30 cm.

However, the disadvantage of this tool is that it can’t be done by soil irrigation with simultaneous sowing of seeds. If we imagine that the seeds are fed into the flow channel, then it is necessary to set the working body to a depth of seed embedding of 6-8 cm, for example, for wheat and to reduce the water supply many times. Otherwise, the water will wash out, dampen the top layer of soil (6-8 cm) and throw some of the seeds out. with the subsequent formation of soil crust. With a small water supply, the seed germination process will occur, but then it will stop, because moisture in a dry year will quickly find out the whip and the seeds will die.

5 In this case, irrigation is practically eliminated, and the working body of subsurface irrigation is technologically turned into a coulter, i.e., a combination of operations is lost.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a combined tool for tillage and fertilization, including the master and slave working bodies consisting of a latching loosening paw fixed on the stand, and a pipeline, the lower end of which is located under the paw, and the upper one is connected to the reservoir for the liquid solution 2.

The disadvantage of this device is also the impossibility of simultaneous sowing of seeds and fertilizer application in one pass.

The aim of the invention is to increase the favorable conditions for seed germination and seedling development by combining soil subsurface irrigation, fertilization and seeding.

For this, the proposed tool is equipped with a sowing apparatus, which is installed above the working bodies and connected to the pipeline of the driven working body, and the driven working body is installed behind the seed leading to the depth of seeding.

FIG. 1 shows a combination implement for tillage and fertilization; in fig. 2 - slave working body, side view; in fig. -3 - the same, top view.

The combined tool contains a loosening paw 1 (for example, a lancet), mounted on rack 2 with pipeline 3. Behind the leading tool, a second slave is mounted on the depth of seeding, a second slave, consisting of a pointed flank 4, fixed on rack 5 with pipe 6 giving jointly water and seed n. At the top, pipe b is connected through pipe 7 to a housing 8 in which a nozzle 9 is installed. A seed device 10 is installed above the housing 8 with a seed hopper 11. A reflector 12 is installed at the bottom under the winged loosening paw at some distance from the section of pipeline 6 (see Fig. 2 and 3) to separate and distribute the flow of water with seeds throughout the width of its grip B. Stands 2 and 5 are fixed in a parallelogram section 13, for example, the cultivator CRN 4.8. The nozzle 9 through an adjustable valve 14 and the tank 15 for the preparation and mixing of fertilizers, herbicides with water, is connected to a collector 16 installed in the machine. A conduit 3 is connected to the collector 16, through which most of the water is supplied, in comparison with the flow through the nozzle 9.

Combined gun works as follows.

The leading working body of in-irrigation irrigation and fertilization is set to the required 10 depth loosening the arable layer of the soil. The slave organ is set to a predetermined seeding depth m, m and G. When moving, the plowing foot 1 loosens the layer I, at the same time cuts weeds and lifts the soil with its upper plane, and under it forms free space where the main mass (amount) of water flows pipe 3. As a result, water is distributed in the lower main layer of hydrated I. The same process is carried out with the slave tool, but seed is supplied with water under the latching hoe 4 by pipe 6. The flow of water with seeds, the exit from the flow channel 6, is encountered with the reflector 12, which distributes the flow of water with seeds 17 under the loosened loosening paw 4 on an area equal to the width of its catch B (see Fig. 2 and 3). Since the pre-loosened soil layer C is under the loosened loosening paw, water quickly moves down, is absorbed by it, interlocks with the lower main moist layer I, which results in a constantly wet contact of the seeds 17 with the main moisture reserve, for the entire period of their germination and seedling development, with the topsoil remaining loosened and dry. The loosened middle layer of soil C protects the top soil layer, which is

above the seeds 17, which significantly prevents the evaporation of moisture from the lower layers of the soil and provides a good flow of air to the germinating seeds, and then the inputs.

Seeds from the hopper 11 are fed by the sowing device 10 into the housing 8. A stream of water from the nozzle 9 carries the seeds into the diffuser part and then flows through the pipeline 7 into the pipeline 6. At the same time, dissolved together with the water entering

pipeline 6, phosphorus-containing fertilizers, hebrecides, and, if necessary, other chemicals for controlling pests and plant diseases are supplied. Mixing with water and their dosage is carried out in tank 15. All these substances are evenly distributed: in the middle layer C in the process of its moistening.

The main moist lower soil layer I is saturated with another fertilizer dissolved in irrigation water, herbicide and chemical, and another dose of their application, compared to saturation of the middle soil layer C.

The combined tool combines the operations of subsurface irrigation and seed planting with the simultaneous introduction and even distribution of fertilizers, herbicides, chemicals to combat pests and crop diseases in a moist root layer, while the top layer of soil remains uplifted and

dry.

By this. effects are significantly improved in comparison with known devices and technology of crop seedlings.

Claims (2)

1. Combined tool for tillage and fertilization, including the leading and the driven working bodies, consisting of a latching loosening paw mounted on a stand, and a pipeline, the lower end of which is located under the paw, and the upper end is connected to the reservoir for the liquid solution, characterized by that, in order to increase the favorable conditions for seed germination and seedling development by combining the subsurface soil spreading and sowing operations, the tool is equipped with a sowing unit. which is installed above the working bodies and connected to the pipeline of the slave working body. 2. Combined, a tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the driven working body is mounted behind the leader to the depth of seeding of seeds. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. German patent number 335464, cl. 45 V 23/02, 1916. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 165939, cl. And 01 C 23/02, 1962 (prototype). fug. / 1Z f1 / g. 7