SU913971A1 - Pneumatic sowing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the sowing apparatus of precision seeding planters and for uniform sowing of seeds of agricultural crops.

Known pneumatic metering apparatus, containing a seed hopper adjacent to a hollow drum with through suction holes, and a device for cutting off the vacuum and blowing holes; one).

However, this unit does not provide seeding for a given number of seeds per each nest due to the fact that more seeds are sucked to the holes in the drum.

The closest to the present invention is a pneumatic seeding unit of the seeder, including a seed hopper mounted on an axis, a seeding vacuum drum with rows of through suction holes made with different diameters2

mi, and a device for cutting off the vacuum and blowing holes [2].

A disadvantage of the known device is its low versatility, since it does not allow for providing. Vat high-performance single-grain seeding of different fractions with different row spacing.

The purpose of the invention is the provision of single grain seeding and increasing the versatility of the device.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the apparatus is equipped with a stepper drive, the axis of the drum is made in the form of a pipe that has a through longitudinal groove, and a device for cutting off the vacuum and blowing holes is made of external stationary and internal rotary cylinders with holes, and the inner cylinders and the pipe are connected to the stepper driven by leverage.

At the same time, the drum is aligned with the suction holes

913971

seed cells, and a seed reflector in the form of a brush is fixed on the lower edge of the discharge opening of the hopper.

Moreover, the width of the through longitudinal groove on the pipe does not exceed the distance between adjacent rows of suction holes.

Such an embodiment of the apparatus allows one to provide single grain seeds of different fractions and to construct different row spacing.

FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic sowing unit, front view; in fig. 2 - the same, side view; in fig. 3 "a device for cutting off the vacuum and blowing holes in the position of receiving seeds, front view; in fig. 4 - the same, side view; in fig. 5 ~ a device for cutting off the vacuum and blowing holes in the position of feeding the seeds into the seed drum ·; FIG. 6 - the same, side view.

The pneumatic sowing apparatus includes a seed hopper 1, a vacuum sowing drum 2 with rows of through suction holes 3, a device 4 for cutting off the vacuum and blowing holes. The device is equipped with a stepper drive 5. The drum 2 is movably fixed in the pipe 6, which is made with a through longitudinal chassis-7. The device 4 is made of external stationary cylinders 8 and internal rotary cylinders 9 with holes. The inner cylinders 9 are connected to the stepper drive 5 by the levers 10, and the tube 6 by the levers 11.

On the drum 2, seed cells 12 are made coaxially with the suction holes 3. A seed reflector 13, made in the form of a brush, is fixed on the lower edge of the discharge port of the bunker 1. The width of the through longitudinal groove 7 on the pipe 6 does not exceed the distance between adjacent rows of suction holes

3. The outer cylinders 8 have three holes. Holes 14 and 15 are for suctioning air from the drum 2 or for supplying air to the drum 2 when blowing in suction holes 3. Hole 16 is for communicating cavity 4 of the device with the atmosphere. The outer cylinders 8 are connected to the pipe 6 by means of nozzles 17. The inner cylinders 9 have one hole 18, which, depending on

ten

15

20

25

ze

35

40

45

50

55

the position of the levers 10 communicates the cavity of the fixture 4 either with the atmosphere or with the cavity of the pipe 6 and the drum 2. The levers 10 ensure the rotation of the cylinders 6 through the flange 19 · '

The device works as follows.

Before sowing, the drum 2 is turned around its axis and installed in such a way that the cells 12, repeating the sown seeds in shape, are located opposite the seed tubes, and are fixed in this position. Then the pipe 6 is turned, a solid groove 7 is installed against the same row of cells 12 and fixed in this position on the levers 11 by any known fastening device.

The movement of the levers 11 carry out the simultaneous rotation of the drum 2, the pipe 6 and the levers 10, is controlled. IX rotation of the cylinder 9 to cut off the vacuum and purging the holes.

When moving the levers 10 to the uppermost position, the seeds are sucked to the cells 12 of the drum 2. In this case, one internal cylinder 9 is in a position in which air is sucked out of the cavity of the drum 2 through the nozzle 17, holes 14, 15 and a fan. The other inner cylinder 9 through the openings 16 and 18 ensures the discharge of air injected by the fan into the atmosphere. In the cavity of the drum 2, a vacuum is created and the seeds are sucked to the cells 12.

When moving the levers 11 to the lowest position, seeding is ensured. At the same time, the drum 2, with seeds attached to the cells 12 and around them, is turned and the excess seeds are cleaned with a reflector 13.

8, when the seed cells 12 are located above the seed lines, one of the cylinders 9 is mounted so that the air through the holes 15, 16,

14, the pipe 17, with the help of a fan is fed into the cavity of the drum 2, and the pipe 6 directs it through the through holes 3 · Seed is blown out. The other cylinder 9 through the holes 16, 18 communicates the cavity of the device 4 with the atmosphere.

With the reverse movement of the levers 11, the process is repeated.

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The sowing apparatus is mounted on a self-propelled chassis of intermittent (stepping) movement, each step of which is synchronously connected with the working cycle of the sowing apparatus and the distributor.

The step length determines the distance between the holes and can be used depending on the culture and the required density in a row.

By overlapping individual seed cells on the drum with special homo ^t ikzmi (girdles), up to 15 different spacing rows can be constructed.

The ability of the apparatus to accurately set the seed amount per seed in one well will free the plants from subsequent thinning, and the small size and low weight will mechanize the manual work in the greenhouse: greenhouse farms, on experimental plots, in subsidiary farms, agricultural enterprises and other small farms.

Claims (3)

Claim · 1, Pneumatic sowing machine, g. Switching seed hopper, s Axial-mounted, vacuum seeding drum with rows of through-suction holes made with different diameters and accessories 71 6 to cut off the vacuum and purge the holes, that is, and with the fact that, in order to ensure single grain sowing and increase the versatility of the device, it is equipped with a stepper drive, the drum axis is made: in the form of a pipe that has through longitudinal groove. It is adapted: to cut off the vacuum and to blow out the holes made of external stationary and internal parts of the '' cylinder With holes, in accordance with IO;. ·: -: / ", · The old cylinders and pipes are connected to the stepper drive by means of sucages . 2. An apparatus according to claim 1, excluding the fact that seed cells are made coaxially with suction oterstorynnch on the drum, and the reflector of seeds is fixed on the bottom edge of the silo neck, in the form of a brush. 3. App pop. 2, characterized in that the width of the through longitudinal groove on the pipe does not exceed the distance between adjacent rows of suction holes.