SU895374A1 - Apparatus for growing molluscs - Google Patents

Description

(54) DEVICE FOR CULTIVATION OF MOLLUSCES

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The invention relates to mariculture, namely, devices for the industrial cultivation of mollusks in the open sea, in the bottom layers of water.

A device for growing mollusks, mainly oysters, in the bottom water layers is known, consisting of a horizontal frame assembled from longitudinal bars and crossbars fixed in connecting sleeves, racks with a concrete base and tanks for mollusks, which are fastened on the frame 1.

This device is not suitable for the cultivation of mollusks in the open sea due to insufficient stability in conditions of currents and waves, as well as on the slopes of the bottom.

In addition, the known device cannot be serviced from the vessel.

It is also known a device for cultivating mollusks in the bottom layers of water in coastal areas of the sea, consisting of a rectangular frame on the legs and one horizontal under sliding shelf, one below the other, with a system of cells for mollusks 2.

The dimensions of the container and the number of rows of shelves are chosen depending on the depth of the place, the weather and the area of the water area.

The main disadvantages of this device are its low stability and impossibility of servicing from the surface of the sea, as well as the unreliable operation of the shelves due to the strong surrounding of moving elements in the sea.

Closest to the proposed device, consisting of a hoisting rope with a load, a rectangular carcass

5 kasa and located in the last removable cages for shellfish 3.

This device is installed on the bottom of the reservoir. However, when working in conditions of flow, excitement, inadequate bottom relief and weak soils, it has low stability. In cramped conditions of the ship’s deck, the device is inconvenient to handle and, in addition, maintenance is difficult

25 it from the surface of the sea.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the stability and reliability of the device when installing it on the seabed and the convenience of serving

30 Nin him on the deck of the ship.

To achieve this goal, the sbccTHoe device, including 11: a coal-shaped frame, mounted on the post-stage removable mollusk cages and a hoisting rope with a load, is additionally equipped with flexible lines fixed to the hoisting rope and a supporting mechanism including swivel legs mounted on the bottom of the frame that carry Free ends of the weights, levers for fixing the paws, one end of each of which is pivotally fixed on the corresponding paw, and the other is connected to a flexible line, and stoppers consisting of laths, fixed x on the frame, and the teeth disposed on the arms.

On fi1. . 1 shows the proposed device in the working position (side view); in fig. 2 - node I in FIG. And in FIG. 3 - the same as in FIG. 1, top view; in fig. 4 — node II in FIG. 3; in fig. 5 is a section E-E in FIG. four; in fig. b - supporting mechanism and eio work; in fig. 7 shows the node III in FIG. b; in fig. 8 - section MF in FIG. b; in fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the support mechanism in the form of an autonomous unit; in fig. 10 - various systems. Assembly of the device from modular units.

The device is a rectangular frame 1 with legs, along the lower longitudinal edges of which there are slotted 2, and on the upper side there are corner 3 guides for cassettes, each of which is formed by a base with tubular uprights 4 and crossbars 5 with fastening elements b.

Between the tubular uprights 4 cassettes are installed one upon the other cages 7 for mollusks. Along the axis of the tubular struts 4 in the plane of the cassette are located the feathers 8 and the handles 9 for entering, respectively, the slot 2 and the corner 3 guides of the frame 1, and the fasteners 10 serve to secure the cassettes.

In the lower part of the frame 1, there is: a supporting mechanism 1, comprising 11 hinges 12 fixed by means of hinges, supporting weights 13 at free ends, equipped with spikes 14 for better adhesion to the ground. On the hinge 12, by means of a hinge 15 a lever 16 with an eye is strengthened. 17, which serves for fixing the paws, and flexible straps 18 are connected to the lugs 17, the free ends of which are passed through the lugs 19 mounted in the upper part of the frame 1 and connected through the bracket 20 to the lifting cable 21.

To limit the idle speed of the levers 16, paws 12 have a protrusion 22, and to limit the working movement of the paws 12, stops 23 are provided on the container.

To ensure reliable locking of the paws 12 and the levers 16, the device. It is provided with a locking mechanism consisting of rails 24 fixed to the legs of the frame 1, and teeth 25 fixed to the levers 16.

To prevent spontaneous unfolding of the support mechanism on the ship's deck, the device has a latch 26 applied and removed manually.

The ends of the lifting rope 21 end with metal lights.

5 rings 27, one of which is connected to bracket 20 and the other to intermediate load 28, designed to hold the signal rod 29 associated with load 28 of the buoy 30.

The device also has a signal float 31, fixed by a leash 32 on the lugs 19 of the frame 1.

The length of the hoisting rope 21 is assumed to be 1.3 N + –1.5 h (where I is the depth of the seat, h is the height of the surface part of the vessel), and the length of the bouillin 30 is h 0 1.5 H + 1.5 h.

The presence of the system of trail, including flexible lines 18, lifting

rope 21 and buoy 30, as well as intermediate load 28, eliminate the force drop from the signal rod 29 oscillating on the surface of the sea to frame 1, keeps

hoisting rope 21 and flexible slings

18 from premature wear, makes it possible to determine, taking into account the direction of the wind and the position of the signal float 31, the placement of the frame 1 under

water and boundaries are occupied by the water area, which is necessary for the correct approach of the vessel and the installation of the device, and also allows you to determine with participation. the volume of the signal float 31 slope

a hoisting rope 21, at which the skeleton lifting can be commenced (a deviation from the vertical of no more than 15 to 20 is allowed).

The supporting mechanism of the device can

be made as an autonomous unit, as shown in figs 9 and 10. In this case, all the details of the mechanism are mounted on a frame 33 equipped with quick-release fasteners 34 on the frame 1. The latter is also provided with elements 35 for joining several frames together.

The device works as follows.

The assembly and disassembly of the device is performed either on shore or on the deck of the vessel. Vessel of the ESS type, the MPC can take 4-6 devices onto the deck and go to the mollusks cultivation area. In cages 7 evenly uklapyvagot

mollusk fingerlings and place them one on another in cassettes, fixing the pack of cages with a crossbar 5. The cassettes are lifted manually or with an arrow and inserted into the frame 1 from above. The pens 8 of the cassette are inserted into the slotted guides 2, and the handles 9 are angled into the corner guides 3. Then the cassettes are secured in the frame with the help of clamps 10 with a free-flowing handle 36, which are located along one of the long sides of the frame working.

The next step is to assemble the system of the guard and the support mechanism. For ease of operation, hoisting cable 21 and buoy-line 30 are folded into coils and are placed on one side of frame 1 in the following sequence: hoisting cable 21. intermediate load 28, buoy-line 30 and signal pole 29. Leash 32 and signal float 31 fit in one of the nearest extreme cassettes.

Before launching the device into the sea, the loading boom hook is inserted into the bracket 20 and released by turning the legs 12 from the fasteners 26.

When starting the frame 1, the rope 21 is released. When the boom cable is loosened, the rope should be relieved by another 3–4 m to set the frame to the bottom and unfold the support mechanism. After that, the hook is released from the bracket 20 by twitching the cable of the boom, intermediate load 28 is dropped into the sea (with a taut rope, 3-4 m indent from the signal float 31), the buoy-line 30 is vented and the signal mark 29 is dropped.

The unfolding of the support mechanism in the working position (during the descent and installation of the device at the bottom of the sea) is achieved due to the forces of gravity. When the frame touches the bottom and relieves the tension of the rope 21 and the flexible lines 18, the pivots 12, under the action of the moment of forces relative to the axis of rotation, due to the weight of the supporting weights 13, turn around their hinges 11 and lie to the bottom. At the same time, the levers 16 rotate in their hinges 15 and, under the action of their own weight, sink onto the paws 12, lock the rails 24 and the teeth 25. In this position, the frame, due to the widely spaced pins 12, has high stability and exerts a low specific pressure on the ground.

Swivel paws 12 create additional supports, which, together with the low center of gravity of the frame, significantly increase its tilting moment and ensure its reliable operation under the action of current, waves and sloping bottom topography. If there are obstacles at the bottom (stones, bumps), one or several turning paws 12 can open up slightly, hitting the obstacle. However, the stability of the frame will not diminish from this: all supporting legs will be locked with rails 24 and teeth 25, and a reduction in the legs of the paws will be compensated for by a proportional decrease in the center of gravity of the frame.

The device can be used on weak soils without burial and silting.

Q

The frame 1, located in the bottom water layer at depths of 4–15 m and outside the zone of wave influence, is partially protected from violent storms.

five

Constantly acting at the depth of the current and vertical mixing of waters provides all the necessary conditions for the life and growth of the mollusks, as well as the removal of their waste. Wherein

0, the flow of liquid flows around the rows of cassettes, cages 7 in packages and is filtered through perforations of the walls of the cages with the mollusks themselves. Through them, waste is removed and silting is washed away. The same arrangement of cassettes in the frame

5 provides good flow of cages. To maintain this quality in various carrier systems (Fig. 10), they are arranged in one row.

When the device is sampled, its landing landmarks are approached from the leeward side. The work begins with lifting the signal rod 29 on board the vessel, then removing the buoy-line 30 with intermediate cargo 28 and hooking the loading boom into the bracket 27. After the corners of the lifting rope 21 approach the vertical, they start lifting. When lifting, the support mechanism folds to idle

This is achieved by the tension of the rope 21, and through it the flexible lines 18. First, the levers 16 are unlocked, and then they turn at an angle dL so that they become an extension of the lines 18 and lie on one of the 5 my. After that, through the hinges 15, the reinforcement 11 is transmitted to the paws 12, and they turn around their hinges 11. The folding of the support mechanism ends with the stops of the paws 12 in the transverse rack of the frame 1, and the puaroB 16 to the protrusion 22.

After that, the tension of the rope 21 and the sling 18, transmitted through the levers 16 and swivel feet 12

5 on frame 1, increase to a value greater than its mass, and the frame rises to the deck of the vessel.

When lifting for warning

Claims (2)

0 unfolding the support mechanism, which can lead to accidents, impose a latch 26. When lifting the frame to the surface of the water, it is rotated with long sides, painted in-white color, along the side of the vessel, and then taken to the deck. Reassemble the frame in the reverse order. At the same time, along with prophylactic inspection and cleaning of mollusks, they clean the skeleton and movable joints of the device from fouling. When using a device with an autonomous support mechanism in the form of a block, the systems are assembled just before descending into the sea. A system is selected based on specific conditions: flow rates, bottom topography, phytoplankton content in water, oxygen, etc., as well as the density of sedimentation of the water area. The frame is made of profiled (square, channel, tube, rod and SHEET steel, protected from corrosion and fouling with special coatings, cages - from polymeric materials, and weights - from reinforced concrete, resistant to the marine environment .. The nylon system uses nylon ropes. The matching elements, constructions (directed along cassettes, clamps, hinges, etc.) are made with minimal contact areas and are protected with special coatings, as a result of which they are clogged with organic fouling and do not lose their working capacity. after long-term operation at sea. The proposed device, in comparison with the known ones, provides an increase in the efficiency of cultivation of mollusks and the profitability of cultural enterprises thanks to: -the use of the bottom of open areas with cleaner waters, high forage and extensive waters, as well as partially protected from storms; - increase of stability and reliability of work under various hydrological conditions, structure and topography of the bottom; -providing the possibility and convenience of service from the sea surface without the use of diving equipment; -the use of vessels and means of mechanization in servicing work; -increasing the capacity of mollusks per unit volume; -improve the convenience of servicing on the deck of the vessel and reduce the complexity of the work of assembling (disassembling), setting on the bottom, preventive processing. Claims An apparatus for growing molluscs, including a rectangular frame, removable mollusks mounted on the last one, and a hoisting rope with a load, characterized in that, in order to increase the stability and reliability of the device when it is installed at the bottom of the open sea, and ease of maintenance it is on the ship na.71ube, it is equipped with flexible slings fixed on the hoisting rope and a support mechanism, including swiveling legs, mounted on the lower part of the frame and carrying loads on the free ends, snarling and for fixing the legs, one end of each of which is mounted on the corresponding leg, and another CONNECTION nen to the flexible strap and the stoppers consisting of rails mounted on the frame, and the teeth disposed on the arms. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1.Patent of France No. 2176549, cl. And 01 K 61/00, published. 1973. 2. The patent of France No. 2058694, cl. And 01 K 61/00, published. 1971. 3. US patent number 2989945, CL.1194, published. 1961. Poberinest dady 77777; /. 1G four but 3. . ef ten FIG. E uz.S - / 3 ig.6 i Zh-ChK 7 FIG. 7 F .eight F