SU89315A1 - Machine for making hollow slag concrete stones - Google Patents

Description

Machines are known for making hollow slag concrete stones on full pallets, including a vibrator, a lifting form and a lifting die.

In the proposed machine, in order to facilitate the lifting of the mold during the release of stones, automatically acting spring latches are used to connect the mold with a stationary vibrator only for the period of mass vibration, and in order to prevent the gap between the stone and the die, the latter is provided with automatically acting a friction lock consisting of a casing, two eccentrics with levers and a stem between them connected with a die.

FIG. 1 shows a front view of the machine, FIG. 2 - view. from the side; in fig. 3 - detail of stamps and forms; in fig. 4 - machine drive; in fig. 5 - vibrator; in fig. 6 - detail of sector disks with contactors.

The machine includes: a stationary vibrator / with vertical limited oscillations, the table of which is provided with two locks for rigidly connecting the form during the vibration; lifting mold // with punches attached to the upper part of the mold and a lever mechanism for lifting the mold, stamp with a friction lock ///; loading carriage IV with a mechanism for moving it; and driving a machine V with a contactor device to automate cycle operations.

The vibrator / is mounted on a separate powerful foundation, which excludes the possibility of transmitting vibrations to the machine frame and, consequently, mass consolidation in the bunker. The vibrator consists of a bed /, a vibrating table 2 and a shaft with unbalances 3, associated with a counterdrive at

No. 89315

the help of the elastic rubber coupling. The counterdrive in turn is associated with the V-belt transmission motor 4.

The debalance shaft bearings are located in two vertically arranged connecting rods 5 rigidly attached to the vibrating table 2. At the level of the shaft axis, each connecting rod is uncovered with two spacers 6 located perpendicular to the shaft. The struts abut against the bed of the vibrator through elastic gaskets. Such a device ensures the turning of the circular vibrations of the shaft of the vibrator into vertical ones, the hook as horizontal components of the circular vibrations are perceived by the spacers.

The vibrotable 2 oscillates in four guide bushes 7 installed at the corners of the base 1 of the vibrator. The bushings are bounded above by thick washers 8.

The gap between the washers and the upper plane of the vibrating table 2 is less than the free amplitude of vibrations, therefore the vibrating table makes limited oscillations, the magnitude of which can be adjusted by replacing the gaskets with a washer. Vibration with limited vibrations provides a very intensive mass compaction, due to which the mass compaction time on this vibrator is the shortest compared to others.

Spring-mounted latches on the vibrating table, designed to attach the form to the vibrator during vibration, are located on the photon axis of the vibrator on both sides of the form. The fastening of the lock cases is combined with the fastening of the connecting rods 5, which transmit vibrations to the vibrating table from the vibrator shaft. Each lock consists of two symmetrically located latches 9 with springs mounted in a common housing 10.

When lowering the form, special wedges attached to it // with heads fall between the latches of the 9 locks, push them apart until the heads of the wedges snap under the latches.

To open the lock, when lifting the mold, the latches are provided with fingers extending out through the elongated holes in the housing on which the rollers 12 are located. When the rollers are moved apart, the fingers alternate between the elongated holes of the housing, pushing the latches and releasing the heads of the mold wedges.

The form // is made in the form of a crate 13, divided by partitions into parts corresponding to the sizes of shaped stones. Pa attached to the upper part of the form bars M are rigidly suspended punches, the shape and location of which corresponds to the voids of the moldable stones. For stones of the type "Nin 'punches", the income does not reach the base of the mold, as a result of which a solid bottom forms during the molding under them.

In order to be able to form several types of sizes in the same form. The stones of the strip with punches and partitions are mortal.

Four pads serve as supports of the form, positioned so that a pallet is placed between them. Thus, the mold is not pressed against the pallet, and the latter lies loosely on the bars of the vibrating table between the side bars and the form bashmaks, thanks}; which eliminates the possibility of the pallet emerging from a sub-mold during vibration.

Vertically, between the pallet and the bottom plane of the form, there is a gap of 2-3 m, which allows working on pallets that have a certain bulge or bias.

The sides of the form are provided with brackets with necks for lifting and sleeves for sliding along the guide rods when lifting and lowering the form.

A wedge 11 is attached to the brackets from below to connect the mold with the vibrator for the duration of the vibration. The brackets are attached to the brackets from above to open the friction clutch, which is described below.

The form lifting mechanism consists of a lever shaft 15, two rocking connecting rods 16 with forks, and two pressure rollers / 7 and JS sitting on the pins attached to the drive wheel 19 of the main shaft. The swinging rods are connected to the lower ends, with the levers of the lever shaft, and the upper ends, made in the form of wires, encompass the necks of the form brackets.

The lift takes place when the pressure rollers are pressed on the figure lever 20 of the lever shaft.

The configuration of the figure lever and the arrangement of the pressure rollers are made in such a way that when the rollers interact with the lever in succession, the ratio of the arms of the lever system and, consequently, the lifting force of the rocking rods changes. The maximum force is reached at the initial moment of lifting the form.

On the swinging rods, special strips 21, having the shape of a rhombus with cut off sharp corners, are pivotally suspended and serve to open the locks of the vibrator when lifting the mold.

The lifting mechanism of the form is installed in such a way that, when the form is in the lower position, the forks of the rocking rods do not rest against the necks of the brackets and are lowered below. The diamond-shaped strips 21 almost touch the sliding rollers of the vibrator locks, therefore, when lifting the connecting rods, the diamond-shaped strips first open the locks and only after the complete release of the wedges, the forks of the connecting rods retract into the necks of the form and lift it.

The stamp U // consists of a series of interchangeable pressing tiles 22 having a configuration of gaps between mold punches. The pressing tiles are connected to a common plate by means of high ribs, allowing the tiles to be lowered into the mold to the very base. The entire pressing plate as a whole, in turn, is attached to a long channel 23, which is located at the ends of the box 24 for sliding along guide rods, along which the form also moves. In the center of the channel is attached a rod 25 passing through the casing of the 3.-jMKa frictioin.

The lock consists of a case 26, in which two eccentrics 27 with levers for turning them are symmetrically arranged on the axis 26. The eccentrics are installed in such a way that the stem between them, connected with the stamp, can be freely lowered, but when it is raised up, it is wedged between the eccentrics. Raising the stem upwards is possible only when the eccentrics are rotated in the opposite direction from the jamming.

The friction lock is opened using two pairs of rods. One pair of pins 28 is mounted on form brackets, the other 29 is on a traverse moving along guide pins m 30 attached to a die channel bar.

Stock.h is set in such a way that the opening of the friction lock (by turning the eccentrics) occurs when the mold rises approximately 3/4 the height of the stone, when the friction of the stones against the walls of the mold can be overcome by its own weight of the stamp. Raising the stamp is made by lifting the form after lifting No. 89315

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its full stone height (when the friction lock is already open).

The loading trolley IV consists of a bottomless drawer 31 with a sheet attached to the back for closing the hopper when the trolley is fed with weight onto the mold. The cart is equipped with a loosening device designed to improve the filling of the mold with the mass.

The loosening device consists of a grate 32 located inside the crate receiving reciprocating movement from the drive shaft with eccentrics 33. The drive shaft and the motor are located on the carriage under the sheet to overlap the hopper. The trolley moves on rollers along guide channels 34. The mechanism for moving the trolley consists of a shaft on which there are levers 35 associated with the trolley and levers with rollers interacting with the cams 36 and 37 on the disk 38 of the main drive shaft of the machine.

When the main shaft rotates the cams of the disk, interacting alternately with the rollers of the lever shaft, turn it in one direction; Lead back and forth, causing the cart to move back and forth.

The reverse travel cam 37 can be mounted on a disc at any angular distance from the advance travel cam 36. Before the leverage of this lever, the time when the trolley stands above the mold when it is filled with mass and, therefore, the height of the stones to be formed is adjusted.

The machine, V, consists of a gearbox 39, driving the main shaft of the machine tool 40, on which a gear wheel 19 with pressure rollers 17 and 18 are mounted to lift the mold and a disk with cams 36 and 57 to move the loading carriage.

The sector disks 41 are also attached to the rjiaBHOM shaft, and when interacting with the contactors 42, all three machine drive motors (machine drive main motor, vibrator motor and loosening motor) are automatically switched on.

In the initial position, before the start of the cycle, the form is in the upper position, the punch is under the pawl of the doggie 43, the loading carriage is under the bunker 44, and the pallet 45 is laid on the vibrator table.

When the machine is turned on, the main shaft of the bead 40 starts to turn. . During the whole time of the mold lowering, the figured lever, following the outgoing roller, keeps the form from free fall and only when the form approaches the support bars of the vibrator table, approximately up to 70-80 m. sits in place with a free fall. Such a lowering of the form provides it with a reliable opening of the locks of the vibrator.

Once the form is in place, the cam 36 of the disk 38 pivoting together with the main shaft interacts with the roller of the lever shaft 46 turning the shaft, so that the loading cart pushes into the mold where it stops to fill the mold with mass during vibration. Simultaneously with the progress of the trolley, the sector discs, which sit on the main shaft, turn on the motors of the drive of the vibrator and the loosening mechanism of the loading trolley.

After some standing of the cart over the form, the cam 37 interacts with the roller of the lever shaft and returns the cart to its original position.

On its thread, the trolley touches the flap 47, turns the lever on which it sits and, thereby, drops the stamp hanging on the doggie 43 connected with the lever. Vibration while continuing to continue, and the stamp, contributing to its weight more intense compaction of the mass, follows it down as it is deposited.

The vibrations end before the roller 18 together with the gear wheel and the main shaft, having made a complete revolution, comes back into contact with the figure lever of the form lifting mechanism and, pressing it, begins to lift the swinging rods 16.

At the beginning of the raising of the brown-haired people, they, with the aid of diamond-shaped strips 2 suspended from them, open the locks of the vibrator, after which the forks of the connecting rod 5 abut the necks of the form brackets and begin to lift it. In this case, the friction lock of the stamp is closed and reliably keeps it from rising upwards.

After the mold rises approximately by 3/4 the height of the stone, the systems of the rod 28 and 29 open the friction lock of the stamp. The lifting of the stamp is carried out by further lifting the mold after it has released the stones.

After the die is suspended on the dog 43, the machine automatically stops. A tray of finished stones remains on the vibrator table.

Subject invention

1. A machine for making hollow slag concrete stones on solid pallets, having a vibrator, a lifting form and a lifting stamp, characterized in that, in order to facilitate lifting the mold when the stones are released, automatic latching pins are used to connect the mold to the stationary vibrator only for a period of mass vibration.

2. A machine of claim I, characterized in that in order to prevent the formation of a gap between the stone and the stamp, the latter is provided with an automatically acting friction lock consisting of a body, two eccentrics with levers and a stem between them connected with the stamp.

No. 89315

FIG. /

F1K: 2

3ff

40

FIG 4

Fig 5