SU872662A1 - Suction dredge - Google Patents

Description

(54) AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT

I.

This invention relates to hydromechanization, in particular, to suction dredgers for underwater soil development, used in construction during river and sea dredging.

The famous dredger, including the ground-. product pump, casing, soil pipelines and means of enrichment of produced soil 1.

However, this dredger is characterized by insufficient performance.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a suction dredge comprising a ground pump, a main ejector device made in the form of an ejector and a perforated displacement chamber; placed in a closed container, receiving chamber eject (} ry device and pressure soil lines ejector device and a ground pump 2.

: However, this suction dredge has insufficiently high operational reliability due to the increased wear of the main ground lines by the abrasive slurry attached to the outlet pipes of the ejector device and the ground pump.i

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the dredger by more fully enriching the recoverable soil.

The goal is achieved by the fact that an additional ejector device and a deposition chamber coaxially arranged with it are installed on the pressure pipe of the main ejector, the receiving chamber of the additional ejector device being connected to the pressure pipe of the main ejector and the soil pump.

In addition, the capacity of the displacement chamber is closed; the additional ejector device has a pipeline with a smoothly expanding nozzle. 15 The drawing shows the suction dredge, a general view.

The suction dredge includes two ejector devices, one of which, the main one, is mounted on the suction pipe 1 of the ground pump 2, and the second,

20 additional installed on the pressure primer 3 main ejector.

The main ejector contains a hydraulic nozzle 4 with a pressure pipe 5,

a receiving chamber 6 with a receiving branch pipe 7, a perforated mixing chamber 8, in the walls of which holes are made for selective production of finely sandy pulp, with an outlet branch pipe 9, a closed container 10, made in the form of a diffuser, ending in a shorter confuser. On the side of the confuser there is an opening for the outlet 11.

The second, additional, ejector device, as well as the main one, consists of a hydraulic nozzle 12 with a pressure nozzle 13, a receiving chamber 14 with a receiving nozzle 15, and a perforated mixing chamber 16, in the walls of which there are holes for selective production of fine sand pulp, with an output nozzle 17, a closed container 18, made in the form of a diffuser, ending in a shorter confuser. On the side surface of the confuser there is an opening under the outlet 19.

The pressure pipe 20 of the water pump 21 is connected to the pressure nozzle 5 of the main ejector, and the suction pipe 1 is connected to the nozzle 7. The output nozzle 9 of the main ejector is connected by the pressure primer 3 with the receiving nozzle 15 of the additional ejector, and the output nozzle 11 through part of the suction pipe 1, the ground pump 2 and the pressure primer 22 are connected to the pressure port 13 of the additional ejector.

A conical soil sedimentation chamber 23 is fitted to the outlet nozzle 17 of the additional ejector, provided with an outlet for enriching the large sand pulp blocked by a valve 24 and a perforated discharge tray 25 that directs the dehydrated soil to the loading conveyor 26.

A waste pipe 27 is connected to the outlet pipe 19 of an additional ejector for discharging fine sand, ending with a smoothly expanding pipe 28. Lowering into the bottom and raising the main part of the suction pipe I and pipe 27 are performed using two cable winches 29.

The operation of the suction dredger is as follows.

In the process of working on the water of a suction dredge with a selectively sized fraction through the ground pump, the main and additional ejector devices pass through two poyuka water. One is created as a result of the operation of the ground pump, and the second by the operation of the water pump and the main ejector device. The first stream enters the receiving chamber 6 of the main ejector through the inlet 7 from the suction pipe 1, the second through two ways: through the working nozzle 4 of the main ejector

and the suction pipe 1. In the mixing chamber 8 of the main ejector, these flows are separated and sent in separate ways to the receiving chamber 14 of the additional ejector, with the first flow being

The working fluid is through the ground pump 2 and the pipeline 1 and the ground pipe 22, the second stream as the suction slurry is through the ground pipe 3.

From the receiving chamber 14 additional

 of the ejector, the combined flow of water enters the displacement chamber 16 of the same ejector, and then with the valve 24 closed, the chamber of the deposition 23 of the enriched soil through the openings in its walls is closed into the closed container 18 of the additional ejector,

5 of which is directed through the pipe 19 and the pipe 27 into the conical waste pipe 28, lowered under water, to the sole of the designed bottom. In the discharge nozzle, the flow rate is smoothly quenched to a value equal to the non-blurring speed of the fine fractions of the soil discharged to the dump.

With the transfer of the suction dredger to work on the ground through the suction pipe 1 instead of water, the main ejector receives the suction chamber 6 from the inlet pulp diluted with water flow through the working nozzle 4 of the main ejector. In the mixing chamber 8 of the main ejector, out of it through small holes in its walls, a closed container 10, a pipe 11 and part of the pipeline 1, the flow of fine sandy pulp is taken out of the ground pump 2, either in size with the flow entering through pipeline 1 or him

5 part, which depends on the actual water pressure in front of the working nozzle 4 of the main ejector. The remaining part of the flow, enriched in large fractions of 5N and soil, from the mixing chamber 8 under the influence of the water stream of the working stream enters

0 pressure ejector primer 3.

The GT received separate pressure streams of fine sand and enriched large sand pulp as the "working fluid and" suction pulp is sent to an additional ejector, namely: from the ground pump 2 through the ground conduit 22 to the working nozzle 12 and from the main ejector through the ground conduit 3 to the receiving port 15 of the receiving camera 14 additional ejector.

0 From the receiving chamber 14, the combined pulp flow enters the mixing chamber 16 of an additional ejector, where from it all the water flow with washed small fractions of the soil directed through the small holes in its walls is taken.

5 through a closed container 18, an outlet 19 and a conduit 27 into a conical outlet 28, lowered under water to the bottom of the designed bottom to wash washed small fractions of soil onto it without forming an increased turbidity zone.

At the same time, the soil enriched in large fractions, separated in the mixing chamber 16 of the additional ejector, enters the conical deposition chamber 23 combined with it, from which it accumulates through the gate 24 along the discharge perforated chute 25 to the conveyor 26 for accumulation , delivering soil for unloading to consumers, or to the place of authorized dumping.

Thus, the presence in the dredger of an additional ejector with a deposition chamber makes it possible to refuse the main pipelines provided for in the basic invention. At the same time, the soil to be extracted is washed twice. Enriched coarse fractions of soil after sedimentation in a special chamber of an additional ejector are released onto a conveyor for loading ships of various purposes. The small fractions of the soil in the form of a pulp, after being discharged in an additional ejector, are washed over the basement of the slab.

In order to extinguish excessive turbidity in the zone of fine sand, all the pulp is transported to the place of installation through a pipeline being lowered into the water and discharged through a smoothly expanding discharge nozzle. Due to the formation of a siphon effect, the pulp velocity is gradually quenched in the waste flooded pipe, which is proportional to an increase in the cross-sectional area along the pipe length to a value equal to the non-blurring speed of the washed soil fractions.

In addition, the use of an additional ejector with a perforated mixing chamber makes it possible to turn ejectors on suction dredges into sequential work using the same workflow, which saves energy obtained mainly from the ejector device, which increases the efficiency of ejector devices by a factor of 2-3 and provides them with wider use in hydromechanization and other industries.

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Claims (2)

1. A sludge sucker, including a ground pump, the main ejector device, made in the form of an ejector and a perforated displacement chamber placed in a closed container, an ejector receiving chamber and pressure soil piping of an ejector device and a ground pump, characterized in that, in order to increase the work efficiency projectile by more complete enrichment of the recoverable soil, an additional ejector device and a deposition chamber coaxially arranged with it are installed on the main ejector pressure pipe, the receiving chamber of the additional ejector device being connected to the pressure earthing pipes of the main ejector and the soil pump. 2. A tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the capacity of the mixing chamber of the additional ejector device is closed to have a pipeline with a smoothly expanding nozzle. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Shkundin B. M. Suction dredgers. M., “Energie, 1973, p. 47 2. USSR author's certificate number 620607, cl. E 02 F 3/88, 1-976.