SU840264A1 - Soil-loosener - Google Patents

Description

one

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to road construction machinery, in particular, to a hydraulic actuator of the working body of the rippers.

A known hydraulic actuator of the ripper, including control cylinders of the distributors and the hydraulic cylinders for the burial and the change of the loosening angle l.

The closest to the present invention is the hydraulic actuator of the ripper, which includes distributor-controlled hydraulic cylinders for embedding and changing the angle of the working organ and additional hydraulic cylinders for adjusting the angle of loosening during operation, which fixes the angle of inclination of the working organ t l The disadvantage of the known hydraulic actuator is that the hydraulic cylinders for embedding the tooth in the ground and the hydraulic cylinders for changing the angle of loosening work in independent modes. Therefore, when the ripper tooth is buried, the operator needs to simultaneously control the movement of the grab, the buoyancy cylinders and the hydraulic cylinders to change the angle of loosening. The last usual way to change the angle

loosening — the angle between the front face of the tip of the tooth and the cutting path — and thus reduces or eliminates the interaction with the ground of the wear area along the back edge of the tip. In conditions of loosening durable soils or soils with inclusions, frequent changes in the speed of movement of the soil and loosening are necessary,

Therefore, the operator, having performed these operations, does not have time to correct the angle of loosening, as a result of which the loosening forces increase.

five

The purpose of the invention is to increase the productivity of loosening at. the deepening of the loosening tooth.

This goal is achieved by

that the control distributor of adjustment hydraulic cylinders is made in the form of a block having a main manual control spool and additional spools, one of which is connected via an electric switch to the depth control cylinders distributor and is located between the main spool and adjustment hydraulic cylinders, and the other is located

Claims (2)

between the pumping unit and the main spool and is made with an electronic switch relay. In addition, adjustment piston cavities of hydraulic cylinders are communicated by means of adjustable throttles to the drain line of the pumping unit. FIG. 1 shows a ripper, a general view with a partial section in the vertical plane of symmetry; in fig. 2 is a diagram of a change in cutting paths when a tooth is buried; in FIG. 3 is a control scheme for the ripper hydraulic cylinders. A tangent 1 with a parallelogram suspension, containing diagonal hydraulic cylinders 2 of lifting and digging the working body and hydraulic cylinders 3 changing the angle of loosening, is attached to the holder 4, inside of which by means of the hinge 5 and corrective hydraulic cylinders 6 a 7c tooth 8 is installed. The hydraulic drive includes hydraulic cylinders 2, 3 and b, contain distributors 9 and 10. Distributor 9 includes spools 11 and 12 controlled by hydraulic cylinders 2 and 3, respectively. The valve 10 of the control of the hydraulic cylinders b includes the additional valve 13 of the installation of the manual or automatic control mode (in FIG. 3, the position of the grand master), the main gold button 14 of the manual control and the additional automatic control valve 15. An adjustable choke 16 is installed on the branch of the entrance to the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders b. The spool 15 is connected by means of an electric relay 17 to the spool 11 of the control of the hydraulic cylinders 2 depths. When the soil is loosened by means of the spool 12 of the control of the hydraulic cylinders 3, the angle of loosening is optimal for these conditions. The lowering of the tooth into the ground is done while the machine is moving, so the cutting path does not coincide with the trajectory of the traction, but deviates from it deep into the array by an angle H grctg (), where Vj is the speed of the plane-parallel movement of the tooth 7 loosener relative to the traction of traction 1 ( depth of penetration); V - speed t gacha. Due to this deviation of the cutting trajectory from the trajectory of the treadmill, the loosening angle at the tip 8 decreases ((the ground can interact, the rear face of the tip, and the wear area on the rear face deforms the soil layer with a thickness exceeding the thickness of the soil layer h / ( Tooth in the array Resistance of the soil to the advancement of the tooth; ba increases. To reduce the resistance of the soil, it is necessary to turn the tooth in the direction of movement of the grab (vector Uy | in Fig. 2) and thereby decrease the value of la ch, which is equivalent to an increase in the inclination angle oL of the wear area to the cutting path (cTj 7 cf / j and a decrease in the thickness of the soil layer deformed by the wear area (h h2). This requirement is fulfilled automatically by hydraulic actuator of the slide b in automatic mode At the same time, the power supply of the electric relay 17 is also turned on (not shown). When operating in an automatically operating mode, the normal position — the passage of fluid into the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders b — is set by a spring, and the change in direction The electromagnet is executed by nitro by means of an electrical relay 17 triggered when the cross stroke position of the spool 11 is turned on - tooth deepening. In this control mode, when the tooth 7 is buried, the cross stroke position of the spool 15 turns on, the fluid enters the piston cavities of the corrective hydraulic cylinders and the tip 8 together with the tooth 7 it rotates in the direction of movement of the gacha (the value of the angle p increases). As soon as the deepening stops the spool 11 is transferred by the machinist to the locked or recessed position, the electrical relay 17 turns off the electromagnet of the spool 15, the section springs return it to the forward position, the fluid enters the rod cavity of the corrective hydraulic cylinders 6 and the tooth 7 returns relative to the holder 4 to its original position position. An increase in the angle p according to a given law, for example, depending on the speed of movement of the thrust ga, is carried out using an adjustable throttle 16 on the branch of the entrance to the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders. B. If it is necessary to manually control the rotation of the tooth 7 relative to the holder 4 of the ripper, the spool 13 is transferred to the manual position by the distributor 10, the power from the relay 17 is turned off and the valve 14 is put into action. Claim 1: The cultivator containing the base machine, a parallelogram suspension with sunken cylinders and upper rods in the form of hydraulic cylinders, pivotally connected to the suspension rack, loosening tooth with adjustment-hydraulic cylinders, pumping packaging with drain line and hydraulic cylinder control valves, characterized in that, in order to increase the productivity of loosening the loosening tooth, the control hydraulic cylinder of the correction cylinder is designed as a unit having a main manual valve and additional spools, one of which is electrically controlled it is located with the distributor of buried hydraulic cylinders and is located between the main spool and the adjustment cylinders / and the other is located between osnoy installation and the main spool and is made with an electric switch relay. 2, the Ripper according to claim 1, about t l and h ay n and with the fact that the piston cavities of the hydraulic cylinders of the correction are communicated by means of adjustable 5 throttles with the drain line of the pump unit. Sources of information taken into account in the e-examination 1. US Patent No. 3503456, cl. 172-484, publ. 1970. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 312025, cl. E 02 F 5/30, published. 1971 (prototype).