SU7719A1 - Method and device for supplying electric fuses to artillery shells - Google Patents

Description

For electric artillery detonators, electrical energy, necessary to ignite the charge, is attached to the projectile, already in advance, before firing, in the form of associated stored energy, for example, using a battery, a capacitor, etc., or a projectile. It is supplied with an electrical generator set, for example, a dynamo machine, an element, etc., which, during a shot or after a shot, during the flight of a projectile, or when the projectile strikes a target, takes effect and produces the necessary electrical energy. Thus, the energy necessary for ignition of the fuse is in both forms in the shot itself even before the shot. If this energy is not in a ready-made form, i.e., if it is not in the form of electrical energy, then a friend

hidden energy is transformed after a shot into an electric one, and further processes and actions take place without human control.

The described invention is referring to a method and a device that allows these processes and actions to be directed — according to a predetermined plan, in a predetermined direction, also after the shot. The invention consists in that the CH-EO electrical energy needed for direct electric ignition of the igniter or for preparing this ignition is delivered from an external power source already after the moment of firing, during the flight of the shell, or that the electric fuse is reported after shot, during the flight of the projectile, only a fraction of the necessary electrical energy, the rest of the

energy or is in the dream itself, a series of de associated state (battery, capacitor) before the shot, or is formed by a special generator during further flight.

On the one hand, the described device creates a reliable safety device for transport, as well as inside the cannon channel, because before the shot and until the barrel leaves, the projectile does not contain the necessary energy to ignite the charge or contains. In such an insufficient amount that it is premature or accidental ignition cannot follow. On the other hand, with electrified remote fuses, or with impact fuses with an adjustable deceleration of an explosion, setting the fuse for a certain period of time is done without much loss of time, i.e. without prejudice to the firing speed.

In order to implement this method, according to the invention, a wire to the source of electric current is placed in the path of the projectile, the passage by which, after the shot, the projectile closes the contact and receives the electrical energy necessary for the explosion. Another method consists in the fact that along the path of the projectile an immobile force (magnetic) field is placed, which, when the projectile passes through, induces an inductive current in the Electric Propeller. A look at whether there is an electric battery inside the projectile, or whether there is an electric generator set inside it, the above-described devices report to the electric fuse either all the necessary electrical energy or only an additional part of the energy.

It is advisable to place that part of the electrical installation, located outside the projectile, which serves to transfer current to the fuse or to induce an inductive current in the fuse (i.e., contacts or an excitation coil) in front of the barrel so that the electric fuse is charged after leaving the canal cannon snaps. This achieves p reliable protection of explosions. from the explosion in the channel. In addition, the ignition of the fuse and the internal mechanical movements following the loading occur at a time when the projectile is no longer accelerated, or is so weak that the indicated internal movements are not disturbed by inertia. Placed in the path of the projectile, the contacts or organs producing the magnetic field are connected with the part of the gun that moves with the tip, for example, with the gun cannon or with the barrel; they always occupy the correct position, which does not interfere with the passage of the projectile or the transfer of current into the internal parts of the projectile.

In addition, means are provided for controlling the current in a wire disposed in the path of the projectile or the strength of a stationary magnetic field so that the amount of energy iodine to the electric fuse or formed inside it can be varied. Such adjustment can be achieved in a simple way, namely, by turning on the variable resistor between the contact or the inducing coil and the external current source. Such a device makes the gun suitable for firing projectiles with electric fuses, which require different amounts of energy to ignite a bursting charge, so that the same stationary electrical installation can be suitable for different types of fuses. The same device makes it possible to adjust the ignition time for those projectiles in which the explosion time depends on

larger or smaller amounts of supplied electrical energy. In these cases, the adjustment of the explosion time is made by simply changing the current or the strength of the magnetic field in a stationary electrical installation.

The drawing shows schematically one example of the invention as applied to a tool; in fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the internal structure of the corresponding projectile equipped with a remote electric fuse.

In the device shown in FIG. 1, the charging and adjustment of the electric fuse after the shot is made by an excitation coil located around a certain point of the projectile trajectory and fed from an external source T9ka. In order to protect this coil from the direct action of ejecting gases, it is recommended to divert these gases as far as possible between the muzzle orifice and the exciting coil, which can be achieved by donning the mouthpiece b for other purposes. On the cylindrical part & 2 lying in front of the deflecting wall bj, we put on an excitable coil c, connected through an adjustable -regulator d and an ammeter e to the current source. The variable rheostat d serves to change the voltage applied to the electric voltage and, therefore, to change the strength of the magnetic field produced by the coil. The rheostat can be mounted directly on the gun or on a stand that is separate from the gun. A second rheostat d can also be arranged, as shown in the drawing, so that the magnetic field strength of the coil can be adjusted from two places: at the very tool and from a place distant from the tool.

Depicted in FIG. 2 To clarify the effect of the installation, the projectile is provided in its front

part of the coil h located on the outer circumference of the projectile directly near the centering along the ska. The ends of this coil are closed through the second coil r and through the capacitor b. Inside the second coil g, a movable iron core I is inserted, which, under the pressure of the spring t, partially protrudes from the coil. The core is connected by a hinge to the {lever, pivoting about the axis of the p. Fixed in the body of the projectile. A toothed rack has a movable contact q, which serves to close the wire s ,, connecting the capacitor k with the contacts s recessed into the primer cap.

During transport, as well as after the shot, until the entry of the coil h into the magnetic field formed by the external coil, parts of the electric fuse occupy the position shown in FIG. 2. When the projectile passes through the coil, the coil L is cut from the coil with the coil L. An induced current arises in the coil L. of the projectile, which, on the one hand, passes through the coil of the fuse, on the other hand, when the circuit of the capacitor b is closed by contact /. charges capacitor. As the current passes through the coil g, the core I is pulled into it, at which it compresses the spring t and moves the lever o in the direction of the arrow x. At the same time, the contact bar q, the raid on the support, which is in the body of the projectile, rotates from its rest position to such a position that, following the reverse movement of the rack p that follows, the contact bar closes the wires Sj from the capacitor A; to the explosive primer g. As with further movement

if the coil h goes beyond the magnetic field of coil c, the formation of the induced current is stopped and the magnetic effect of coil r on core -1 is also stopped. Contact t opens and turns off coils r and and, from the capacitor k, which is now charged. The core I extends under the pressure of the spring t from the coil g, causes the rack rail to move and directs the contact bar q to the ends of the wires Sj leading from the capacitor and to the explosive capsule g. This movement of the rail p and the contact bar g is slowed down by A rack-and-pinion rack with a gear drive and causes the wind to rotate vku. With the following closure of the "1" wires through the contact bar q, the charge of the capacitor is discharged through the capsule g and between the poles S the capsule slips through a spark igniting the cap.

The magnitude of the electromotive force induced in the coil of the projectile A and acting in the coil r depends on the magnitude of the magnetic field produced by the coil c located at the gun barrel. The stronger the magnetic field in the exciter coil, the further the iron core I of the fuse is drawn into the coil r and the longer it takes to get from the moment the projectile passes through the exciter coil before closing the circuit connecting the capacitor with the capr

The regulating rheostat d in the excitation coil circuit C is provided with a scale on which it is possible to count for each value of the input resistance and for each type of fuse used - the corresponding time of the blasting. It is also advisable to apply such a scale on an ammeter connected to the exciting coil with, so that both the current source given by the current source / and the corresponding explosion time can be simultaneously read on the scale and the explosion time can be adjusted by changing the input resistance.

The subject of the patent.

1. The method of supplying electric fuses to artillery shells, characterized by the use, with the purpose of using the Energy of the translational motion of the projectile, a fixed magnetic field, located on the continuation of the gun channel and used to communicate to the fuse, during the passage of the projectile called field necessary to drive the fuse into a state ready for action.

2. A device for carrying out the method described in paragraph 1 of supplying electric fuses to artillery shots with energy, characterized by the use of a gun placed in front and fastened to its muzzle part of a coil attached to a current source circuit and intended to form a magnetic field , in order to supply the fuse when fired with an amount of energy corresponding, depending on the size of the installed resistance and d, to the desired time of its action.

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ff to the patent of a foreign company ;; Reinska factory of metal tova-p08 and machine number 7719