SU761760A1 - Apparatus for coaxial fixing of shaft in opening - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, can be used in devices for centering, for example, adjusting pins or guide rollers of machine tools and various mecha- ⁶ N'ISMO'V.

A device for centering the shaft relative to the hole is known, which contains precisely made expansion elements with mutually corresponding mating surfaces 10, made in the form of cones and cylinders (which are tightened to each other by tightening threaded devices [1].

The disadvantages of the known device is high technological (the complexity of its manufacture. And significant size.

It is also known a device for coaxially securing the shaft inside the hole in the presence of deviations. from the cylindricity of the installation hole and the shaft installed in it [2].

This goal is achieved by the fact that the expanding elements are made in the form of a set of alternating split rings of circular cross section 25, installed in the gap between the walls of the shaft and the hole, while the inner diameter of some rings is equal to the shaft diameter, and the outer diameter of the others,

 rings adjacent to them - inner diameter 3θ

2

a hole meter, and the size of the gap in any radial section is one and a half to two diameters of adjacent rings.

FIG. 1 shows the ring of the proposed device; in fig. 2 - the device when installing the shaft - in the hole. The device contains a split thermally treated expansion rings 1 I 2, made of a material of circular cross section, and the support ring 3 installed in the annular gap between the shaft 4 and the hole 5.

The shaft has a neck 6, a thrust shoulder 7 and a threaded end 8 with a nut 9 screwed on it.

The ring 3 serves to prevent the ring 1 from falling on the threaded part of the shaft journal and is loosely attached to the shaft journal 6 so that the rings 1 and 2 are between the trigger. 7 shaft and ring 3.

The support ring · and thrust collar of the shaft freely (with a gap of no more than half the diameter of the body of the expanding ring) are placed in the hole 5 with the outer diameters.

During installation, the rings 1 and 2 are alternately worn over the entire length of the smooth part, (up to the thread) "shaft neck in the hole of the female part, containing expansion elements, support ring and nut [2].

761760 ^; > .......

 -, ' .four

" ^: 'Disadvantages ^! Known device -

..... significant size and insufficient

reliability of it. in work. Available in additional threaded elements. In the form

 tightening bolts installed © on. lug-5 "* of expanding elements require a significant increase in the body of these expanding. Elements, and consequently, increasing the size of the device, and the gap increases

between the shaft and the hole in which the shaft 10 is installed. The presence of additional clamping bolts requires free access .. tool for tightening bolt? when installing the device, and in the case of installation, the device in deep holes makes it difficult ¹⁵

/ 'extra space for tool tightening' bolts. The presence of threaded holes inside a single expandable outer element and through- ²⁰

"GOVERNMENTAL bolt holes in another requires individual manufacturing each element does not ensure interchangeability and increases complexity MANUFACTURING ^Λ" Lenia device elements. For an effective ²⁵ -device operation, high precision is required in the production of expandable elements, and, moreover, the ovalness and taper of the shaft being connected and

"" "holes. ' thirty

The aim of the invention is to reduce

the complexity of the manufacture and installation of the device, reducing the size of the connection, ryulnoy / vzaimayzaidae elements of the device and ensuring fast, reliable 35 th coaxial shaft fastening so that the Rings 2 are based on two rings 7, worn directly on the shaft neck, then on the neck the ring 3 is put on. The shaft 4 with a set of rings is inserted into the hole 5 and the threaded end of the shaft is screwed onto the ⁴⁰ end.

9. By screwing the nut 9 through the ring 3, a movement is carried out on the bur.

"the side of the thrust collar wa la'o until the rings held by the thrust collar 45 are pushed up (for rings 2) and hedgehogs." mats (for rings 1) will not choose gaps

 between the shaft 4 and the bore 5. The creeping tangential forces at the contact points of the contacting clamping rings 1 and 2 are distributed over the entire length of the set of compression rings. Further tightening of the nut 9 causes rigid clamping of the shaft 4 into hole 5.

, ·· · '- 55

Total. Length of Expansion Ring Set

For a 'hard and stable mounting of the shaft, it must be at least the diameter of the hole 5, but one may not be' longer than the length of the hole. ...... 60

The optimal .dia-meter section of the body of expanding rings is in the range from 0.05 to

0.1 The diameter of the hole in which the shaft is installed, since with a larger diameter, a re-section, the efficiency of the hole decreases.

fixing the shaft in the hole, increases the intrinsic stiffness of the rings.

The size of the one-sided gap between the neck of the shaft 4 and the hole 5 must be within one and a half, but no more than two diameters of the cross section of the ring body (in the first case, when the nut is “injected” and the set of rings is compressed, - due to seizure between themselves, and in the second case, ring 7 may fail inside the ring 2), while the inner diameter of the ring 1, which is worn on the shaft neck, must correspond to the outer diameter of the shaft neck and. can fit tightly on the shaft neck, and the outer diameter Expansion ring 2 must with tvet-, art-Vova diameter holes 5 and can include, without interference into the hole.

With small tapers on the surface; the walls of the shaft and the hole obtained during manufacture, but provided that the ratio between the total clearance of the tapered hole (shaft) is observed, I do not disrupt the operation of the device and the fixing reliability does not decrease. Large deviations at taper -holes can be compensated for by fitting in a set of rings with gradually increasing diameter, -cross-section of the body of the rings, corresponding to an increase in taper. If, when manufacturing the shaft and the hole, the surfaces are elliptical, then each odd-numbered ring 1 of the set, which is worn on the shaft, is not thermally processed, and the force of tightening the nut 9, when compressing the set of rings, produces thermal pressure untreated rings!, which leads to plastic deformation, with crimping of the shaft neck and partially to reversal of the material of the ring 1, causing elastic deformation of the ring 2, which takes the form of a hole. ;

The circular cross-section of the body, rings 1 and 2, makes it possible to effectively fix the rough surfaces of the shaft to be joined, both holes and holes, as well as with the existing errors that have arisen in the manufacture of these joint elements, since the contact between the rings between itself and the shaft surfaces and - holes occur ". always along one line," through which the direction passes - and a clamping force is transmitted, which does not cause device skews. The presence in the Set of a large number of rings (due to the optimal geometric ratio tion between the diameter of the hole, the diameter of the shaft and the body of the rings that have a comparatively small rigidity but high hardness.) makes it possible to evenly distribute the clamping shaft force.

The manufacture of the support ring of various widths allows to produce fixative761760

5 - ‘6

shaft in deep holes, and the combined alternation of a set of clamping rings - · the support ring δ of the role of the intermediate spacer (remote) ring · the span of the set of expanding rings - ⁵

the support ring and the nut acting on the last clamp allows the shaft to be fastened in very deep holes or two or more holes of different parts mounted on the shaft coaxially with the shaft .. ¹⁰

The expansion rings can be made with triangular, trapezoidal and semicircular sections of the body and set so that the bases of the sections are facing the surfaces of the shaft and the bore, and the lateral sides of the section serve as contact surfaces between the expanding rings.

7

but

The proposed device makes it possible to reliably mount the shaft coaxially with a hole of relatively low accuracy. making the hole and the shaft installed in it, as well as quickly, conveniently and easily installing the shaft in deep holes with 25 complete interchangeability of parts and, in the case of even accidental non-compliance, the sequence of alternating extensible

rings or skipping one or another ring when assembling the device.

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Claims (1)

Formula izbere ie ή and i A device for coaxial fastening, the shaft> in the hole of the female part, containing expanding elements, support ring and nut, characterized in that, in order to reduce its size and increase its reliability in operation, the expansion elements are made in the form of a set of alternating split O-rings, installed in the gap between the walls of the shaft and the hole, while the inner diameter of some rings is equal to the diameter of the shaft, and the outer diameter of the other adjacent rings to the inner diameter of the hole, - and the gap size, in any p dially section is a half - twice the diameter of the adjacent rings.