SU755548A1 - Percussion-action pneumatic machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to pneumatic percussion machines, used in various sectors of the economy, for example in mining, mechanical engineering and others.

Known pneumatic machines of impact- ₅ , in which a braking impulse of a given shape is formed in the rear working chamber by means of a chamber made in the body of a drummer [1].

The disadvantage of such machines is an increase in the length and weight of the machine for placing the chamber, an increase in the consumption of compressed air due to the presence of additional volumes in the form of chambers.

Closest to the invention to the technical essence is a pneumatic percussion machine, comprising ¹⁵ housing with air distribution channels and an exhaust hole, an air distribution device made in the form of a rod with a unilateral deaf axial channel and a radial hole 20 communicated with each other, and mounted on it the axial direction of the sleeve with a throttling channel communicating with the radial bore

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rod and with the atmosphere, the drummer separating the body into the front working chamber and the rear working chamber having a channel that connects it with the air-distributing device [2].

The disadvantage of this design is the presence of an air cushion, sufficient for braking the striker in a certain position, causing the movement of the machine body - vibration at the main (base) frequency.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the consumption of compressed air and reduce vibration.

To achieve this goal, in the proposed machine, the rod is rigidly fixed in the housing so that its channel is aligned with the channel of the rear working chamber, and a check valve is installed on the exhaust port.

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the proposed pneumatic percussion machine; in fig. 2 - the moment of the operating cycle of the machine.

Pneumatic percussion machine contains body 1 with air distribution channels 2 and 3, exhaust 755548

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a bore 4, an air distribution device 5 made in the form of a rod 6 with a one-way deaf axial channel 7 and a radial bore 8. On the rod 6 there is a sleeve 9 with a throttling channel 10. In case 1 there is a shock 11 that separates it into the front working chamber 12 and a rear working chamber 33, permanently connected to the channel 7, which communicates it with the air distribution device 5. A check valve 14 is installed at the exhaust port 4, in addition, the housing has a channel 15 that communicates with the atmosphere.

The operation of the pneumatic percussion machine as follows.

In the initial period, the drummer 11 and the sleeve 9 are in the forward position. Compressed air from the network through channel 2 enters the air-distributing device 5, from where channel 3 enters the front working chamber 12 and moves the drummer 11 into the back position. After the drummer 11 opens the exhaust opening 4 with its front edge, the treated compressed air is emitted into the atmosphere through the opening 4 and the valve 14. The pressure in the chamber 12 is set close to atmospheric. The pressure in the air-distributing device 5, connected by channel 3 to the chamber 1 * 2, drops, and the sleeve 9 is transferred to the rear position under the action of compressed air supply. When this stops the access of compressed air into the chamber 12. After the pressure drops in the chamber 12 to atmospheric, the check valve 14 closes. In order to avoid the formation of an airbag in the rear working chamber 13, the free air from it is vented to the atmosphere through channel 7, channel 10 and channel 15. Continuing movement backward by inertia, the drummer 11 discharges free air in the front working chamber 12, forming a vacuum that counteracts force the inertia of the drummer 11, brakes it and stops in a certain position. Under the action of elasticity of rarefied air in the anterior chamber 12, the impactor 11 begins to move to the forward position. At the same time, air from the atmosphere through channel 15, channel

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10 and channel 7 is sucked into the rear working chamber 13. The drummer 11 uses the vacuum elasticity and continues to move forward by inertia; an airbag is formed in the front chamber 12, the pressure of which is transmitted through channel 3 and the force acting on the rear end of the sleeve 9. In addition, the sleeve 9 from the back end side is affected by the pressure force of the compressed air network. Under the action of these two forces, the sleeve 9 is thrown into the forward position. Drummer 11 strikes the shank of the working tool. Compressed air from the network through channel 2 through the air-distributing device 5 and channel 3 enters the front working chamber 12 and moves the hammer 11 to the rear position. The cycle is repeated.

Claims (1)

Claim Pneumatic percussion machine, comprising a housing with air distribution channels and an exhaust hole, an air distribution device made in the form of a rod with a one-way deaf axial channel and a radial hole connected to each other, and an axially movable axially directional sleeve with a radial hole connected to it. a hole in the rod and with the atmosphere, a drummer dividing the body into the front working chamber and the rear working chamber having a channel that connects it to the air aspredelitelnym device, characterized in that, in order to reduce the compressed air consumption and reduce vibration, a rod rigidly fixed in the housing so that its channel is aligned with the rear working chamber channel, and the exhaust outlet check valve.