SU755497A1 - Apparatus for automatic changing of tools - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of machine tools and is intended for multi-operation drills, milling and boring machines with numerical control and automatic tool change.

The known device for automatic tool changer consists of a housing mounted movably on the traverse, a rotation mechanism in the form of quill, driven by a hydraulic cylinder through a rack and pinion transmission, an extension mechanism in the form of a hydraulic cylinder mounted inside the quill with a sleeve mounted on the housing, and a rod fixed on case of a two-gripped hand [1]. The case of a two-arm with spring-loaded gripping jaws mounted on quills is axially displaceable and held by cams, which, when the hull extends, fix the position of gripping jaws.

In the specified device there is no individual clamping drive for the jaws holding the tool, which simplifies its design. In this case, the preliminary seizure of the instrument is made with spring-loaded jaws, and its final capture

mount - fixing sponges. However, this design of the device imposes a number of restrictions on the tool and the location of the device on the machine. So, the tool should be with a cylindrical tail ₅ wick, and the location of a two-gripped mechanical arm should be only vertical.

At the same time, at the beginning of the tool extension from the spindle or the magazine slot, when the cam has not yet fixed the jaws, the tool is held both by the jaws themselves and additionally behind the spindle collet or cylindrical holes in the magazine slot. In the waiting position, where there is no additional holding by the shank, the next tool should be placed on ¹⁵ only in that part of the two-gripping hand, which is located at the top, since the tool is additionally held by its own weight.

This design can be used for the automatic tool change with a widespread shank. But this significantly limits the weight and reach of the instrument, as well as the reliability of its grip when extending from

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glass spindle. And finally, the design of this device does not allow the horizontal arrangement of a two-arm, which is a more convenient layout solution for the machine as a whole.

The aim of the present invention is to expand the range of tools used auxiliary and technological capabilities of the device, as well as improving the reliability of the tool.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the device case is provided with a sleeve for a tool having a cylindrical part and fixed on a lever that is rotatable relative to the case and which is interconnected with the machine head through a cam; the two-gripped arm is equipped with lugs fixed in its case, placed one by one between the respective jaws and having a working surface made in the form of jaws, and the cylinder liner is mounted with the possibility of axial movement and rotation, the rod is rigidly fixed on the device’s body with the sleeve, and the cams are mounted between the quill and the sleeve with the possibility of longitudinal movement. FIG. 1 shows an auto operator from the side of a mechanical arm; in fig. 2 and 3 - sections A — A and B — B in FIG. one; in fig. 4 is a view of B in FIG. 2

The device for automatic change of tools consists of a carriage 1 moving along the traverse 2, and a body 3 with turning and sliding mechanisms of a two-gripping hand 4. The turning mechanism drive consists of a driving motor 5, a shaft 6, a worm gear 7, a bevel gear 8. Inside the quill 9 placed sleeve 10 associated with the pinhole through a pair of diametrically located exhaust cams 11. At one end of the cam, a protrusion 12 is made, limiting the axial movement of the cam with the end facing 13 quills, and at the other - double-sided cu achok 14 having the opportunity to interact with the stops 15, the spring loaded jaws 16 dvuhzahvatnoy arm 4. The housing dvuhzahvatnoy arm 16 is secured between the jaws 17 with the fixed stop surface 18 formed by the shape of the gripping surfaces 19 of said jaws. On the surfaces 18 and 19 of the stop 17 and the jaws 16, and during the deflection of the latter on the surface 20 of the body of the two-jawed arm 4, the tool 21 is fixed with a conical 22 and a cylindrical 23 shank parts. When moving the carriage along the traverse, the tool is in the safety sleeve 24, made in the shape of the tool shank, the position of which is controlled by the roller 25 moving along the profile groove 26 and fixed on the pivoting lever 27.

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The device works as follows.

The carriage 1 moves from the waiting position to the magazine with a tool (not shown in the figures), the safety sleeve 24 takes the position shown in FIG. 1. When approaching the magazine, the roller 25 follows a profile groove 26, through a system of levers 27 moves the safety sleeve 24 to the position shown by the dotted line in FIG. 1. This is achieved by the free approach of the device to the tool store. The spring-loaded sponges 16 of the two-arm 4 disperse, engaging the tool 19 with the surfaces 19. Then the sleeve 10 of the extension mechanism and the tool is pushed under the action of the fixed stop 17 and the lips of the two-arm 16 are taken out of the magazine slot. When pulling out a tool, it can jam and then when using a U-shaped stream to grip spring-loaded jaws 16 will diverge under the action of the radial component of the pulling force. To prevent this, a hard stop 17 serves. At the same time, the tool held by the jaws 16 rests on the cylindrical part 23 of the shank and the surface 20 of the body of the two-grip arm 4. After the sleeve 10 has advanced to the length b, the protrusion 12 on the cam 11 rests against the end 13 pintles, the cam stops, and the sleeve with a two-gripping hand continues to move and the stops 15 of the spring-loaded clamping jaws 16 interact with the double-sided cam 14. The latter burst the stops 15, locking the clamping jaws. The length b is chosen from the calculation of b <£ where r is the length of the cylindrical part 23 of the tool shank.

After the tool is removed, the carriage moves in the opposite direction. The safety sleeve 24 occupies its original position. In the waiting position, the sleeve 10 moves and the tool 21 is inserted into the safety sleeve 24. When the carriage moves to the spindle, the tool is in the safety sleeve 24.

In the proposed device for automatic tool change in comparison with the known, it is possible to change the tool of a wide range without restrictions on the design of the shank and in weight. The mechanical arm can be located in any plane, including the horizontal one.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for automatic 'tool changer, containing a housing mounted movably on a traverse with a turning mechanism in the form of a rotary quill, a cylinder extension mechanism with a sleeve and a rod mounted inside the quill, a two-gripped arm in the form of a subrull755497 6 five jaws mounted one to another, mounted in the housing, as well as cams mounted on quillies with the ability to interact with two-jawed jaws, characterized in that, in order to expand the range of tools used and _{the technological capabilities of the device, as well as to improve the reliability of the tool grip, the device provided with a safety sleeve under the tool and a lever that is rotatable relative to the body, one end of which is rigidly fixed to 10 said sleeve, and the other is mounted with the possibility of relative to the crosshead, the two-arm is provided with lugs fixed in its case, placed one by one between the jaws and having a working surface made in the shape of the jaws, and the cylinder liner is installed with the possibility of axial movement and rotation, the rod is rigidly fixed on the device’s body, rigidly connected with the liner, and the cams are mounted between the quill and the liner with the possibility of relative longitudinal movement.