SU735205A1

SU735205A1 - Root-crop harvester

Info

Publication number: SU735205A1
Application number: SU782637540A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Эдуард Саулович Рейнгарт; Лев Иванович Левчук; Николай Федорович Диденко; Валентина Алексеевна Филиппова
Priority date: 1978-07-03
Filing date: 1978-07-03
Publication date: 1980-05-25

Description

(54) КОРНЕКЛУБНЕУБОРОЧНАЯ МАШИНА(54) ROOT MACHINE

II

Изобретение относитс к сельскохоз йственному машиностроению и может быть использовано в конструкци х машин дл уборки корнеклубнеплодов и лука.The invention relates to the agricultural machinery industry and can be used in the construction of machines for harvesting root and tuber crops and onions.

Наиболее близкой к предлагаемой вл етс корнеклубнеуборочна машина, включающа последовательно смонтированные на раме копирующие колеса, выкапывающие рабочие органы, сепарирующий элеватор, над полотном которого размещен делитель потока, содержащий рамку с установленными на ней гребенками, пальцы которых выполнены эластичными, транспортирующее и выгрузное устройства 1.Closest to the present invention is a root-harvesting machine, which includes successively mounted on the frame copying wheels, digging working bodies, separating the elevator, above which a flow divider is placed, containing a frame with combs mounted on it, the fingers of which are elastic, transporting and unloading devices 1.

Недостатками машины вл ютс сгруживание массы пальцами гребенок при работе машины на повышенных скорост х, и скатывание клубней при уборке крупногабаритных корнеплодов, что нарушает устойчивое выполнение технологического процесса и резко снижает сепарирующую способность элеватора. Это происходит в результате выполнени пальцев гребенок одинаковой жесткости, что исключает плавный вход пласта в зону действи гребенок и вызывает его скапливание перед передним р дом пальцев гребенок. Кроме того,, отсутствие возможности регулировани угла наклона пальцев к поверхности полотна элеватора приводит к наматыванию растительности на гребенки и забиванию межпальцевого пространст5 Ра.The disadvantages of the machine are the loading of the mass with the fingers of the combs when the machine is operated at higher speeds, and the rolling of the tubers when harvesting large-sized root crops, which disrupts the stable performance of the process and sharply reduces the separation capacity of the elevator. This occurs as a result of making the dies of the same rigidity, which prevents the formation from smoothly entering the zone of action of the dies and causing it to accumulate in front of the front row of dies of the dies. In addition, the inability to adjust the angle of the fingers to the surface of the elevator canal leads to vegetation on the comb and clogging of the interdigital space Ra.

Цель изобретени - повышение сепарирующей способности элеватора и улучщение очистки убираемой культуры от налипшей почвы.The purpose of the invention is to increase the separation capacity of the elevator and improve the cleaning of the harvested culture from adhering soil.

Это достигаетс тем, что пальцы кждой 10 последующей по ходу технологического процесса гребенки выполнены с увеличивающей с жесткостью, а с целью изменени угла наклона -гребенок, последние шарнирно закреплены на рамке и шарнирно св заны меж ду собой посредством продольной т ги, соединенной с рамой регулировочным механизмом . Кроме того, пальцы смежных гребенок установлены в шахматном пор дке.This is achieved by the fact that the fingers of each 10 subsequent process flow combs are made with increasing rigidity, and in order to change the angle of inclination of the comb, the latter are pivotally fixed on the frame and pivotally connected to each other by means of a longitudinal tie connected to the frame mechanism. In addition, the fingers of the adjacent combs are installed in a checkerboard pattern.

На фиг. 1 схематически изображена корнеклубнеуборочна машина, вид сбоку; на фиг. 2 - делитель потока, вид сбоку; на фиг. 3 - то же вид .сверху.FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a root-harvesting machine, side view; in fig. 2 - a flow divider, side view; in fig. 3 - the same view. Above.

Claims

The machine includes a frame 1, on which replica wheels 2 are successively mounted, digging out working bodies 3, separating elevator 4, cylinders of cylinder 10, transporting 6, and unloading 7 devices. Digging workers 3 and transporting device 6 are connected, respectively, via cranks 8 and 9 to the eccentric mechanism 0. Under the working branch of the blade of the elevator 4 a shaking device 11 is installed. 13 with hinges attached thereto by combs 14 with fingers 15, onto which rubber tips 16 are mounted, while fingers 15 of each subsequent along the process of the comb 14 are made with increasing scheys stiffness. FIG. 3 shows ODINIGS of possible variants for making fingers 15 of different stiffness, namely: rubber tips 16 have different lengths. The combs 14 are hingedly connected to each other by means of a longitudinal thrust 17, connected to frame 1 by an adjusting mechanism 18. The tilt angle of the combs 14 is changed by an adjusting mechanism 19 (for example, a screw). The fingers 15 of the adjacent combs 14 are mounted in a slanting order. Frame 13 of the flow divider 12 is connected to the frame of the first mashina with the aid of suspensions 20. The maschina operates as follows. When the maschine moves along the rows with the help of the copying wheels 2, a predetermined depth of undercutting of the working bodies 3 is provided, which transfer the undermined mass to the elevator 4. When the undermined reservoir meets the combs 14 of the splitter 12, the flow actively influences the mass and evenly distributed over the entire width of the elevator 4 web. At the same time, as the excavated formation advances, the impact of the dies 14 on the mass increases due to the increasing stiffness of the fingers 15 through soda technology process. To prevent the roots (especially large ones) from rolling, the fingers of 15 adjacent dies 14 are arranged in a shakhmat manner. The separation enhancement is also facilitated by the installation of a shaking device 11 in the location zone of the flow divider 12, which, acting on the reservoir from below, facilitates the operation of the fingers 15 in the mass distribution. The elevator 4 is evenly distributed over the surface of the leaf and the partially separated mass flows in an even layer onto the cylinders of the room 5, which destroy the remaining strongest lumps without damaging the roots, and then pass the pile to the transporting 6 and unloading 7 devices. Thus, the proposed Maschina allows to intensify the process of destruction of the undermined reservoir, to increase the separating ability of the elevator and improve the cleaning of the crop removed from the adhering soil. Claim 1. A root-harvesting mask comprising successively mounted on the frame copying wheels, digging up working bodies, separating elevator, a second flow divider is placed above the canvas, containing a frame with combs mounted on it, the fingers of which are elastic, transporting and unloading devices that differ so that, with the aim of enhancing the separation capacity of the elevator and improving the cleaning of the harvested crop from sticking soil, the fingers of each subsequent process th comb process performed with incremental stiffness.

2. The machine according to claim 1, wherein, in order to change the angle of inclination of the dies, the latter are hingedly mounted on the frame and hingedly connected to each other by means of a longitudinal link connected to the frame by an adjusting mechanism.

3. Maschina by. pp 1 and 2, characterized in that the fingers of the adjacent combs are installed in a checkerboard pattern. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Machine for harvesting and post-harvest processing of the crop. Abstract collection, vol. 5 (14). M., TsNIITEEItractorselkhozmash, 1975, p. 13-17.

735205