SU732019A1 - Apparatus for separating slurries - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to chemical technology apparatuses, it is intended for separating suspensions in the field of centrifugal forces and can be used for fine purification of highly dispersed suspensions, for example, in wastewater treatment.

Devices for separating suspensions are known, which consist of a rotating rotor mounted therein coaxially on the insert holder of a stack of plates forming the separating insert of the device for introducing the initial suspension and withdrawal of the separation products. The separator insert is made up of elements in the form of smooth truncated cones 1.

The quality of the separation of suspensions by known devices is unsatisfactory, since in the central zone of the separation insert, solid particles moving in the center of the interpeller space, not meeting obstacles, are carried along by the flow of fluid moving with increasing scrobroma and therefore do not hinder centrifugal forces, which decrease as the particle approaches the center.

The hydrodynamic situation in the inter-paddle spaces, in which particles, as they approach the center of the insert, acquire chaotic motion in the radial plane, is taken into account in the device, plates of the separating insert are made corrugated and installed relative to each other to form radial channels 2.

However, the quality of separation of the fine solid phase in this separator is not sufficiently high due to the fact that the straight radial channels do not provide maximum obstacle to particles with chaotic motion near the insert holder and create obstacles to particles slowly advancing to the periphery that have a tendency to spiral trajectory. In addition, making conical corrugated plates requires a complex tool for pressing, and their well-defined relative positioning complicates maintenance.

Claims (3)

JD It is also known a device for separating suspensions, containing a rotor, inside of which there is a detachable separator, formed by a tape bent in a spiral 3. This device is closest to the invention by its technical essence and the achieved result. However, in the known device, the flow of the liquid to be separated moves only in the axial direction, in which case the solid particles are released in the layers the less intense the closer the layer is to the rotor axis, since the centrifugal force acting on the particle is directly proportional to the radius on which this particle rotates. As a result, the quality of separation in the device is not high enough. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of separation. The goal is achieved by the fact that the tape of the separating insert is made of mesh material, while plates are mounted inside the rotor to which the end edges of the tape are attached. The insert can be made multiple, depending on the number of rolled tapes, and the direction of winding the tape is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor. Due to this construction, the insert has a volumetric net structure, which creates numerous obstacles to particles in a turbulent flow, provides braking of the particles, as a result of which the conditions for their separation are improved. The specific orientation of the coiled ribbon creates ordered spiral channels in the insert, whereby the particle braking efficiency increases in the central zone of the insert, where the flow is turbulent, and the motion of the retarded particles is facilitated under the action of centrifugal forces to the periphery along a spiral trajectory. This increases the quality of separation. In addition, the design of the insert, its assembly and maintenance are simplified due to the fact that the mesh tape is used for its manufacture. FIG. 1 shows the described device, a section; in fig. 2 - section AA of inserts (a) one-way and (b) multiple-use. The device comprises a rotor 1 having the shape of a body of revolution associated with an electric motor 2 (Fig. 1). A hollow clip holder 3 is installed along the axis of the rotor, the lower end of which is provided with a cone-shaped plate 4. The insert-holder cavity 3 and the gap between the plate 4 and the lower end wall of the rotor 1 form a channel for introducing the suspension into the rotor. In the upper part of the rotor there is a second cone-shaped plate 5. The smaller base of the plate 5 and the gap between the rotor 1 and the insert holder 3 form a channel 6 for the outlet of the clarified liquid. For the withdrawal of the condensed product - sediment are the nozzles 7, which are located around the circumference of the rotor shell 1 in the cross section of its greatest diameter. Separating insert 8 is located between the plates 5 and 4. Separating insert 8 is formed by a spiral curved tape made of a mesh material, namely a metal mesh tape 9. The insert can be formed by one tape 9 - one-way (Fig. 2a), or several ribbons 9 - multiple (Fig. 26). In the first case, one spiral channel 10 is formed between the turns of the belt 9, and in the second case several parallel spiral channels 10 are formed. The direction of the winding of the belts 9 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the device shown in FIG. 2 arrow. The device works as follows. Subject to separation of the suspension through the cavity of the insert holder 3 and through the space between the rotor 1 and the plate 4 enters the rotor 1. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the largest particles precipitate quickly and are displaced to the nozzles 7 through which they are unloaded from the rotor. The thinner particles, along with the liquid, enter the separator insert 8 and, being carried along by the liquid, advance to the axis through the insertion channels. Meeting on the way obstacles from the grid elements, the particles lose speed and slide along the grid to the periphery of the insert. As they move away from the axis, the centrifugal force acting on the particles increases., And the speed of movement of the nozzles 7 along the spiral channels of the insert increases. The fluid clarified in the insert is brought out of the rotor through channel 6. Claim 1. A device for separating suspensions containing a rotor inside which is placed a separating insert formed by a spiral curved tape, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of separation, the tape is made of mesh material, while inside the rotor mounted plates, to which the end edges of the tape are attached. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert is made multiple. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the direction of winding the tape is opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. USSR author's certificate number 418215. cl. B 04 B 1/08, 1971. 2. USSR author's certificate number 423510, cl. B 04 B 1/04, 1972. 3. USSR author's certificate number 332863, cl. B 04 B 7/08, 1964.