SU699321A1

SU699321A1 - Object inclination angle measuring device

Info

Publication number: SU699321A1
Application number: SU772542881A
Authority: SU
Inventors: Борис Павлович Купцов; Сергей Григорьевич Ковчур; Степан Евдокимович Савицкий; Владимир Васильевич Коробов
Original assignee: Витебский технологический институт легкой промышленности
Priority date: 1977-11-10
Filing date: 1977-11-10
Publication date: 1979-11-25

Description

Изобретение относитс к измерительной технике и предназначено дл контрол углов установки деталей металлорех ущих станков, механизмов и их узлов, требующих точной ориентации относительно горизонтальной плоскости при выполнении монтажных и сборочны работ.The invention relates to measurement technology and is intended to control the angles of installation of parts of metal-cutting machine tools, mechanisms and their components that require precise orientation relative to the horizontal plane when performing assembly and assembly work.

Известны малогабаритные уровни, содержащие сообщающиес сосуды, частично заполненные жидкостью, верхние полости которых соединены между собой при помощи жидкостного манометра 1, 2 и 3.Small levels are known, containing communicating vessels, partially filled with liquid, the upper cavities of which are interconnected by means of a liquid manometer 1, 2 and 3.

Этим устройствам присущи следующие недостатки :These devices have the following disadvantages:

сравнительно низка упругость воздуха в резервуарах и соединительных трубках снижает чувствительность уровн ;relatively low elasticity of air in tanks and connecting tubes reduces the level sensitivity;

при встр хивании уровн в жидкости, наход щейс в манометрической трубке, могут образовыватьс воздушные пробки, удаление которых требует дополнительных затрат времени и представл ет собой сложную операцию.by shaking a level in a liquid in a manometric tube, air traps may form, the removal of which requires additional time and is a complicated operation.

Наиболее близким по технической сущности к изобретению вл етс устройство дл определени угла наклона объекта, содержащее разомкнутый кольцеобразный резервуар, верхние полости которого образуют два закрытых сообщающихс сосуда, св занные между собой прозрачной П-образной трубкой малого сечени 4.The closest to the technical essence of the invention is a device for determining the angle of inclination of an object, containing an open ring-shaped reservoir, the upper cavities of which form two closed communicating vessels connected by a transparent U-shaped tube of small section 4.

Кольцеообразный резервуар соединен с гидравлическим клапаном, выполненным в виде сосуда, св занным с нижней частью резервуара и при помощи калиброванных трубок с верхними его полост ми. Места соединений трубок с сосудом расположены ниже поверхности раздела двух жидкостей. Кольцеобразный резервуар , сосуд и трубки наполнены ртутью до диаметральной плоскости кольцевого резервуара, а остальна часть резервуара, гидравлического клапана и П-образной трубки наполнены этиловым спиртом до нулевого делени шкалы.The annular tank is connected to a hydraulic valve, made in the form of a vessel, connected to the lower part of the tank and using calibrated tubes with its upper cavities. The connections of the tubes with the vessel are located below the interface of the two liquids. The annular tank, the vessel and the tubes are filled with mercury to the diametral plane of the annular tank, and the rest of the tank, the hydraulic valve and the U-shaped tube are filled with ethyl alcohol until scale zero.

Это устройство обладает следующими недостатками:This device has the following disadvantages:

нуждаетс в повыщении технологичности и упрощении конструкции;needs to improve manufacturability and simplify the design;

повышение точности измерений требует значительного увеличени габаритных размеров; при повороте устройства в процессе измере}шй уровень ргути в трубках незначительно измен етс , что вносит некоторую погрешность в показание устройства. Целью изобретени вл етс упрощение Конструкции и повышение технологичности. Цель достигаетс тем, что в устройстве гидравлический клапан выполнен в виде щелевого канала, соедин ющего полоста двух резервуаров . В верхней части канала имеютс два симметричных скоса, выходы которыхв резервуары расположены ниже уровн раздела обеих жидкостей при повороте устройства на максимальный угол измерени . -Щелевой ifanan расположен у задней стенки устройства, что позвол ет открыть гидравлический клапан при сравнительно небольшом угле наклона устройства при его подготовке к работе. Дл повышени чувствительности и компакт ности устройства оба резервуара имеют составное пр моугольное сечение, ограниченное по кра м двум полуокруисност ми, т.е. имеют выт нутую симметричную форму. Сообщающиес сосуды расположены в литом пластмассовом корпусе и наполнены ртутью и этиловым спиртом, не вступающими в химическое взаимодействие ни друг с другом, ни со стенками устройства. На фиг. 1 изображен общий вид предлагаемого устройства в разрезе; на фиг. 2 изобраimprovement of measurement accuracy requires a significant increase in overall dimensions; when the device is rotated during the measurement process, the level of rgut in the tubes slightly changes, which introduces some error in the device reading. The aim of the invention is to simplify the Design and improve manufacturability. The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device the hydraulic valve is made in the form of a slot channel connecting the cavities of two tanks. In the upper part of the channel there are two symmetrical bevels, the outlets of which in the tanks are located below the level of the separation of both liquids when the device is rotated to the maximum measurement angle. The inline ifanan is located at the back of the device, which allows the hydraulic valve to open at a relatively small angle of inclination of the device during its preparation for operation. To increase the sensitivity and compactness of the device, both tanks have a composite rectangular cross-section, bounded on the edges by two semi-crucifications, i.e. have an elongated symmetrical shape. The communicating vessels are located in a molded plastic case and filled with mercury and ethyl alcohol, which do not enter into chemical interaction with each other or with the walls of the device. FIG. 1 shows a general view of the proposed device in section; in fig. 2 images

жен разрез Б-Б фи)-. 1;на фиг.З - разрез А-А фиг. 1; на фиг. 4 - устройство в период настройки . . Устройство дл определени углов наклона поверхностей содержит два сообщающихс резер- 35 вуара 1, 2 обтекаемой формы, расположегшые в литом пластмассовом корпусе 3. Резервуары соединены между собой манометрическими труб ками 4 и 5, которые св заны между собой в верхней части каналом 6, имеющим два симмет ричных уклона дл стока жидкости. Основное назначение канала 6 сводитс к уравниванию давлени воздуха в трубках 4 и 5 над столбиками спирта и удалению пузырьков воздуха, которые могут образовыватьс при рез ких поворотах устройства из горизонтального в рабочее положение. Резервуары 1 и 2 также сообщаютс друг с другом в нижней части при помощи щелевого канала 7, верхн часть которого выполн ет функции гидравлического клапана и имеет два симметричных скоса 8 и 9. Наличие этих скосов обеспечивает точную настройку устройства, а выход их в полости резервуаров 1 и 2 находитс ниже уровн раздела жидкостей при повороте устройства на максимальный угол измерени tt,a,j Это исключает погрешность измерени , св занную с перераспределением рабочейwives cut bb fi) -. 1; FIG. 3 - section A-A of FIG. one; in fig. 4 - device in the setup period. . The device for determining the angles of inclination of the surfaces contains two communicating reservoirs of 35 voids 1, 2 of streamlined shape, located in a molded plastic housing 3. The tanks are interconnected by gauge tubes 4 and 5, which are connected to each other in the upper part by a channel 6 having two symmetrical slope for fluid flow. The main purpose of channel 6 is to equalize the air pressure in tubes 4 and 5 above the alcohol columns and to remove air bubbles that can form during sharp turns of the device from the horizontal to the working position. Tanks 1 and 2 also communicate with each other in the lower part by means of a slot channel 7, the upper part of which performs the functions of a hydraulic valve and has two symmetrical bevels 8 and 9. The presence of these bevels ensures precise adjustment of the device, and their output in the cavity of tanks 1 and 2 is below the liquid separation level when the device is rotated to the maximum measurement angle tt, a, j. This eliminates the measurement error associated with the redistribution of the working

Claims

position in tanks 1 and 2, tubes 4 and 5, and channels b and 7. To bring the device into working condition, it is necessary to level the columns of ethanol in the tubes level and alcohol liquids in the device after the hydraulic valve is closed. Tanks 1 and 2 have a composite rectangular section bounded on the edges by two semicircles, i.e. elongated symmetrical shape (see Fig. 3). In this case, the slotted channel 7 is located at the rear walls of the tanks 1 and 2 and connects them. The housing of the device 3 is molded from plastic, together with tanks 1 t 2, channels 6.7 and openings for glass tubes 4 and 5. The ends of tubes 4 and 5 at the junction points 10, 11, 12 and 13 with the housing are filled with special glue. Only the connecting surfaces of the body (10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15) are subjected to finishing machining, in order to ensure the tightness of its connection with the plates 16, 17 and the tubes 4, 5 with the help of special glue. The device is filled with mercury and ethyl alcohol through an orifice, which is sealed with a plug 18. A steel measuring elbow is attached to the bottom and side surfaces of the device. To read the surface tilt angles, the device is equipped with a scale 20, which also serves to set the alcohol levels in the tubes to zero division and can be moved by the ving 21. When storing the device in an inoperative position, mercury and ethyl alcohol will take some kind of combination with zero division of the scale 20. For IT, it is enough to install the mouth oystvo the horizontal plane and to tilt it at angle j3 15-20 ° (see. Fig. 4). At the same time, the level of mercury in the tanks, remaining horizontal, will be lowered at the slot channel 7. In this case, the hydraulic valve will be open for the passage of ethyl alcohol. The upper cavities of tanks 1 and 2 will become communicating vessels. As a result, the alcohol levels in tubes 4 and 5 are equalized. If the levels of ethanol do not coincide with the zero division of the scale 20, the latter is moved along the guides by screw 21. When the device is tilted during the measurement at an angle and a certain volume of mercury passes from one tank to another. At the same time, the working fluid (alcohol) is displaced into one of the tubes 4 or 5, the level of which rises sharply, in the other tube it drops to the same amount. The mixing of fluid levels in tubes is definitely zero (w depends on the angle of inclination of the device - (see Fig. 1), which is determined on the base and calculated by the formula: 0.5 A 0.5 tga ((3 + & ), (1) where Of is the device rotation angle in degrees B 16.168- FL 16.168-F2 + FI is the tank throughput, mm; tube throughput, is the distance between the axes of the tubes, mm is the distance between the middle of the tanks. the magnitude of the angles a is directly in the order of ± 5 ° in direct measurements. To increase the range of angles measured, Late tiles. The sensitivity of the device is 1.5 times higher than that of the known device, but it is simpler in design and more technologically advanced. Formula of the Invention A device for determining the angle of inclination of an object containing communicating tanks 1 (5 connected by two manometric tubes and a hydraulic valve filled with two liquids with different densities, in particular with the aim of simplifying the design and improving processability, the hydraulic valve is designed as a slotted channel located in the housing of the device, connecting cavities of tanks at their rear walls, and in its upper part there are two symmetrical bevels, the outlets of which into the tanks are located below the level of separation of both liquids when the device is rotated to the maximum measurement angle. Sources of information taken into account in the examination 1. Authors certificate number 32746, cl. G 01 C 9/22, 1932.

2. USSR author's certificate number 42308, cl. G 01 C 9/22, 1933.

3. Authors sv, idedelstv USSR № 562715, cl. G 01 C 9/22, 1975.

4. USSR author's certificate No. 575479, cl. G 01 C 9/22, 19.76 (prototype).

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