SU605574A1 - Separating device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an agricultural machinery industry, and can be used to clean potatoes from soil and impurities in potato harvesting machines. Rotary separators of potato harvesters are known, consisting of disks mounted on rotating shafts whose surface is made with a curvilinear, directed convexity upwards, and the rotors, when operating, have a rotational speed decreasing in the course of movement of the mass to be separated Cl. To the disadvantage of such separators from the structural complexity of the drive, and in addition, a decrease in the speed of rotation of the rotors in the direction of separation of the mass leads to a decrease in performance. A separating device is also known. It consists of a series of shafts on which rollers are planted with elastic rings mounted on them with one-sided and eccentricity of equal magnitude 2. Such a device improves the cultivation of potatoes, however, due to the one-sided dynamic direction of movement, the separation performance decreases, as the potato often flies through adjacent rows of rollers. The purpose of the invention is to increase the separation efficiency. This is achieved by the fact that the rollers are mounted on shafts with an inclination from the received center and reversal of the eccentricity line of each next roller, and at least the extreme rollers are installed parallel to the previous one. In addition, the device is equipped with cleaners made in the form of elastic forks mounted on the frame with the possibility of movement relative to the latter, and elastic rings are made hollow with stiffeners. FIG. 1 shows a separating device, top view; in fig. 2, section A-A of FIG. one; in fig. 3 - section bb FIG. one; in fig. 4 - the position of adjacent rollers of one shaft with an eccentric offset; in fig. 5 - the position of the roller is extreme when the eccentricity is in the upper position. The separating device consists of a frame 1 with axial bearings 2, and drive sprockets 3.

In axial bearings 2 are installed rtarally multifaceted shafts 4, which are mounted on the rollers 5 with elastic rings 6, put on the outer contour of the rollers 5.

The elastic rings b of the rollers 5 are made hollow and have a curved surface in the form of alternating troughs 7, inside the cavity of the elastic rings 6 are located between the troughs 7 stiffeners 8.

In order to clean the rollers 5 from accumulating dirt between them, on the base 8, the cleaner 9 is fixedly mounted in the form of an elastic plug on the pin 10.

Each half of the rollers 5, sitting on the same shaft 4, is inclined towards it and the inclination of each half of the row of rollers is opposite to each other.

The separating device operates as follows.

When potatoes are fed to rotating rollers 5. it comes into contact with elastic rings 6, while contributing to better capture of potatoes depression 7 on the surface of rings 6. Due to the rotational movement of rollers 5 and movement of the surface of rings b along the axis (like oblique washers, elastic ring b creates multidirectional movements towards the potato, while at the same time clearing it of dirt.

To communicate even more intensive and multidirectional movements to the potatoes, each adjacent roller is mounted on a multi-faceted hall 4 with a circumference in accordance with the edges of the shaft, and for sling potatoes to the center of the separating device, roller 5 is set by eccentric departure of the rings upwards and with a slope of departure to the periphery, the potato is more intensively captured by the side surface of the elastic rings and due to this it is thrown to the center.

Constant contact of the cleaners 9 with the lateral surface of the rings 6 is ensured, firstly, by oscillating movement along the axis of the rollers 5 as they rotate, secondly, by mounting them on the movable base 8, thirdly by the elasticity of the scraper material itself .

The reversal of the eccentricities of the neighboring rollers provides the potato with additional rotational movement due to the tuber rolling down from the roller ridge, where there is more eccentricity over the years, and a pair of forces is formed.

The proposed device provides intensive movements of the mass to be separated both in the side and in the vertical planes, which increases the separation effect. In addition, the elastic shell of the rollers and their relative rotation relative to each other on the hexagonal shaft improve the quality of separation and do not damage the potatoes.

Claims (3)

1. Separating device, including a frame with axial bearings, rollers mounted on the drive eccentric shafts and having a separating surface in the form of elastic rings, characterized in that, in order to increase separation efficiency, the rollers are mounted on shafts with a slope from the accepted center and reversal of the eccentricity line of each next roller, and at least the extreme rollers  set parallel to the previous one. 2. Device POP.1, DIFFERENT THAT, for the purpose of cleaning the rollers from sticking of the soil, it is equipped with cleaners made in the form of elastic forks mounted on a frame that can be moved relative to the latter. 3. The device according to A.1, about tl and h 45 ohc e e so that elastic rings are made with ribs. Sources of information taken 50 by review during examination: 1. Authors certificate of the USSR 438385, cl. / (01 1} 17/00, 1975. 2. USSR author's certificate No. 180906, class A 01 D 17/00, 1964.