SU58585A1 - A device for cleaning bricks from the press - Google Patents

Description

In a number of industries where various extruded products are produced, the most laborious and difficult operation is to press the finished products from the press. Very often, manual maintenance is a factor limiting press performance, as with modern high-speed presses, making up to 12 strokes per minute and simultaneously producing up to four products, with a small press front, it is impossible to place more than two workers.

Even if the products are stacked on a conveyor belt and the manual carrying distance is about 1 m, the work is very tedious and requires periodic replacement of workers for rest. Carrying or stacking is sometimes a source of waste. It has been found, for example, that with manual equipment, the disgusting of some refractory products up to 10% of the total number of products is damaged (dents, broken edges and corners). Meanwhile, high-performance presses are already being created, designed for production of 8 pcs. products simultaneously, nsk.-overnight opportunity

manually servicing them and requiring the presence of an automatically operating device capable of replacing labor / labor and ensuring complete safety of products.

The proposed device is intended for automatic stacking in piles, containers, shelf trolleys or platforms of various kinds of pressed products, such as, for example, brick building materials or refractory, all kinds of briquettes, plastic products, building stones and plates and other regular shape shapes.

Depending on the number of simultaneously pressed products, the strength of the raw material and the purpose of the stack, the proposed device allows various kinds of combinations in the installation, for example: a dense row of laying, laying with equal intervals between the products, bridging the rows in height, ensuring the stability of the pile during transportation and roasting. The change in the nature of the installation is achieved by pre-setting the device, the individual kinematic nodes of which provide for the possibility of adjustment for the requirements.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of the installation; FIG. 2 shows a section through line I-I of FIG. one; FIG. 3 shows a section along line III-III of FIG. one; FIG. 4 shows a section along line II-II of FIG. one; FIG. 5 and 6 depict the kinematic diagram of the drive of the connecting rods; FIG. 7 is a section through this drive; FIG. 8–14 depict in terms of various combinations of laying bricks of a single row.

FIG. 9 shows in plan the laying of rectangular products with a ratio of length to width of 2: 1, with simultaneous release by press of 8 products. The laying is conducted in a series with gaps between the products, and in the process of stacking the distance between the products is reduced compared to the starting distance that occurred on the press plate. After laying out one row of 8 X, 4 32 items, the second row is laid at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the first, as a result of which the height of the seams is tied.

FIG. 10 shows the laying of products in separate columns with two products in each row, with each row being tied together and with gaps between the columns; The total area of the stack is about the same as in FIG. 9. In FIG. 10 shows a quarter ltael in the plan.

FIG. 11 shows a more complex form of styling. The stack consists of individual columns of four products in a row, with full re-stitching of all seams in height, ensuring good stability of the column. This variant of installation will be described in the description of the device.

The number of products simultaneously produced by the press is 4 pcs .; with the release of 8 pcs. device sizes increase proportionally.

The self-propelled carriage I, which serves to grip the products 26 from the press table 27 (Figs. 1 and 8) and transfer them to the device platform with a change during the transfer of the distance between the products. The carriage moves along two beams 5 and is driven from the electric motor through a lowering

heart and gear. The grip of products from the table is carried out by vacuum suckers 4 (the structure is described in the author's certificate N ° 57471), communicating with the receiver and the vacuum pump using flexible hoses. For metal products, for example, briquettes of chips or magnetic ore, it is possible to use them as electro-magnetic grippers.

The device carriage 1 moves in a horizontal plane. When grabbing the product, the surface of the vacuum pump should be slightly pressed to the product. In order to exclude the possibility of friction between the surface of the suction on the product, the latter is placed on a table with a slight slope towards the stacker. Due to this, the suction is in contact with the product. It can be adjusted so that it will be pressed when you stop the carriage. At the moment of contact, a vacuum receiver is automatically connected to the suction pipe; the product is caught by the suction cup and the carriage is set in motion. The change in the distance between the articles is carried out during the carriage stroke by movement; rollers 2 along the beam 3, mounted on the carriage across the direction of the latter. The movement of the suction cups is carried out by means of guide pins 6, pivotally fixed at the press at the end point of the movement of the carriage and moving around the axis of fixation by a special mechanism described below.

After the carriage approaches the place where the product is laid, the motor stops; at the same time, the vacuum is turned off; the product remains in place, while the carriage receives a reverse movement to capture the next batch. In order to avoid damage to the products, the initial height of the stacker platform relative to the claws is adjusted so that there is a small gap between the portable product and the already laid one, in the order of 0.5 - 1 mm. In the process of work, this gap can be changed by service personnel, if the need arises.

The device for changing the distance between the products during the transfer process is described with reference to the sequence of stacking the products in the stack of FIG. 12-14. FIG. 12 shows the laying of the first row of products I and P. The path of the grips is indicated by an arrow. FIG. 13 shows the laying of products III of the second row, laid over 1-go-, with the stitching of the seam between them. Between the laying of the 1st and 2nd rows, the platform of the truck is lowered by the thickness of the product. FIG. 14 shows the stacking of products IV of the second row, closing the stacking figure. the following rows are maintained in the same sequence. Between the laying of articles III and IV and between IV and I, the platforms of the device are rotated around their axes by 90 each, so that the next product is already laid across the previous one, tying the grooves of the underlying row.

Thus, a periodic change in the relative position of the arms 23 of the rods 6 is required. It is easy to see that the outer and middle shoulders are paired at the same angle from the horizontal axis of symmetry.

FIG. 6, each connecting rod is drawn in four positions corresponding to the packing of FIG. 12-14. The numbers at the hinges correspond to the numbers of the products to be stacked. The shoulders 23 and the connecting rods 6 have a hinge joint at points O, and the connecting rods 6 and rods 7 at two points O. The rods 7 can only move in a linear manner in the guides. Shchtokav is moved by cam washers A and B, and A belongs to the system of middle connecting rods and B belongs to the extreme ones. When the carriage is idling in the direction of the press, the shaft of cam washers is rotated by a drive mechanism by 90 °, as a result of w; currents 7, following the contour of the cams, move the shoulders 23 to the corresponding position. The rods 7 remain stationary during the transfer and to the stack, and the shoulders 23 at this time serve as guides for the grippers 4, causing them to move relative to the traverse 3 of the carriage. Due to the fact that

 the mechanism is self-braking; guiding arms 23 "e can change their position under the action of resistance to movement by gripping 4.

Attaching the cam washers to a different profile, you can get any sequence of packing products within the dimensions of the carriage stroke.

I The cam shaft drive mechanism of the pucks consists of a hydraulic cylinder 28 and a connecting rod 29 pivotally connected to the piston rod of the cylinder and to the ratchet pawl 30 lever 31. When the piston moves in one direction, the pawl 30 clings to the ratchet wheel 31 mounted on the shaft washers, turns the last by 90 °. When the piston reverses, the dog returns to the original polishing condition. This mechanism does not allow for the precise rotation of the shaft of the washers at a given angle for the double stroke of the piston; the idling of the mechanism corresponds to the working stroke of the stacker carriage.

For adjusting to another sequence of installation, the shoulders of 23 connecting rods 6 can be replaced with more I long or short ones, and cam washers can be shaped BUT with a different curve and moved on I main beams along with the drive one; mechanism.

The lower part of the device comprises a movable platform 22, on which I the racks are mounted that carry the turning part of the device. ; The lower part of the device has the following movements: 1) vertical lifting and lowering of the uprights, 2) rotation around the vertical axis 90 after; in one direction and then in the other direction, 3) moving along the horizon; whether the whole platform. The platform is equipped with a screw-lifting mechanism that incorporates nuts with: a ratchet drive from a hydraulic engine 20. Lifting and lowering of the uprights 16 are performed by rotating the I nuts 17 with a double snoring device. To reverse the rotation of the nut, each ratchet is provided with two dogs, by switching which changes the direction of rotation. Racks 16 are connected by a traverse to.

Bricks 10 are laid down on a removable plate M.

The mechanism of the horn of the table 12 comprises a pivot 33, rotating around its axis — in the bore of the stand 16, planted with a thrust ball bearing 14 (Fig. 1). The table is rotated by a hydraulic motor 13 mounted on the sleeve 25 and acting on the lever 32 of the turntable 12. The trunnion lever of the second CTOWa is connected to the first by synchronous rotation 34 to synchronously rotate the latter. The full turn of the cylinder corresponds to the rotation of the tables by 90. During the return stroke, the tables 12 return to their original position. If desired, adjust the stacker to stack one large stack, the table of one of the racks is removed, and the second, together with the table, is set centrally relative to the press. The mechanism for moving the platform 22 (along the rails) is not shown in the drawing.

 control and synchronization of the work of individual components of the received electrical system, as the most simply and fully providing the required means of synchronization of the operation of individual links of the mechanism, as well as the speed of command operations, including obtaining vacuum, stopping and starting the motors, controlling the 1-hydraulic distributor, etc. The main part of the scheme is an “Omaid apparatus, representing the drum of an insulation of a material with a series of contacts, reinforced on its surface and closing the electrical ep magnetic contactors when the drum is rotated "a corresponding angle. The command vehicle has a drive either directly from the press or from the drive of the cam shields.

The path of movement of the trolley is equipped with limit switches, one of which is installed at the pickup location and the rest at the unloading location: The switches close the reverse circuit, switching the motor 1 to the return stroke through the time relay, allowing the carriage to stop for a period of time non-skimming to capture or unload the product. An electropneumatic valve is connected to the same reverse, producing the inclusion of vacuum suction cups in the network of the vacuum pump receiver. The position of the intermediate switches installed on the ruler along the path of the cart can be changed by changing the order of laying. The hydraulic motors of the turning and lowering mechanism are connected to the common pressure line by electro-hydraulic valves, with which the command device gives a current pulse. The return idle speed of hydraulic motors is automatically generated by constant backpressure.

The subject matter of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. Device for cleaning bricks from the press, using a hanging trolley, equipped with a grip for. pick up individual bricks, characterized in that the grippers 4 are mounted on the trolley 1 movably and are coupled with a swinging arm in the horizontal plane of the shoulder 23, telling the grips to reciprocate movement away from the front of the work, while simultaneously returning the trolley across the front. 2. The form of the device according to claim 1, of which it is due to the fact that the rods 6 are used to swing the shoulders 23, which are hingedly connected at one end to the free end of said shoulders, and at the other end with stem 7, reciprocating movements synchronized with reciprocating movements; blunt movements of the carriage. 3. The form of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that the grips are coupled with the shoulders 23 with the aid of staples 24, moving along these shoulders. 4. The form of the device according to claim 1, characterized in that, for the purpose of laying the bricks to be removed into the cells, rotary lifting and lowering columns 12 are used, the movements of which are synchronized with the movement of the trolley 1. -, with CQ} awisi ij -iSbi amaij: i Fig.z F and r.is Phyz Fie Figy Figs F IG.14