SU526518A1 - Disk Extruder for Polymer Processing - Google Patents

Description

one

The invention relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials into products by extrusion.

A disk extruder for processing polymeric materials is known, comprising a housing, a fixed disk with a forming attachment fixed to it, a movable disk with blades interacting with the working surface of the fixed disk and forming channels for forced movement of both discs with both disks; melt thermoplastic.

A disadvantage of the known extruder is that its design does not prevent the ingress of unmelted, poorly homogenized material into the molding tool, thereby reducing the quality of the resulting product.

The aim of the invention is to improve the dispersion and homogenization of the melt and to prevent the melted polymer from entering the forming tool.

In the disc extruder according to the invention, the goal is achieved due to the fact that in each of the channels of the compulsive movement of the polymer between the blades on the movable disk, at least one partition is formed, which forms a flow of polymer melt with the working surface of the fixed disk. These partitions can be formed by a single ring, with which the koits of the blades of the disk interact.

The implementation of partitions with an inclined front edge, forming a gap with the working surface of the fixed disk and the execution of the blades protruding beyond the edge of the movable disk, prevents stagnant zones formed.

FIG. 1 image longitudinal section

disk extruder; in fig. 2 is a section along A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 is a section along BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 - disk extruder with a screw feeder, longitudinal section; pas figs. 5 is a section along BB in FIG. four; in fig.

6 is a section of the blade along YY in FIG. 2; pas figs.

7 - a section of a partition on D - D and FIG. 2

The disk extruder comprises a housing I, in

which are fixed on it

fixed disk 2, movable disk 3 with blades 4 located in grooves 5 (Fig. 3) and partitions 6 (Fig. 2) installed in grooves 7 (Fig. 7). Loisti 4, together with the working surfaces 8 of the fixed disk 2 and 9 of the basement of the pogo disk 3, adjacent to the surface 8, as well as to the housing I, form channels I (Fig. 2) to force the processed thermoplastic to move. Between the partition 6 and the working surface 8 of the fixed disk 2 an adjustable gap And is established (FIG. 3), which serves to

the flow of the resulting melt in the zone K (Fig. 2 and 5). The partition 6 (Fig. 7) has an inclined face 10, which forms with the working surface 8 of the fixed disk 2 a gap, facilitating the intensive dispersion of the melt and thereby increasing its quality. The housing 1 is equipped with a hopper 11 (FIG. 2) for feeding thermoplastic for processing.

In order to maintain the thermoplastic processing temperature, a heating element 12 is mounted on the fixed disk 2 (Fig. 1). To remove the melt and shape the product or billet, there is a forming nozzle 13.

FIG. 4 and 5 show a variant of a disk extruder in which instead of partitions 6 (Fig. 2) a ring 14 is installed (Fig. 4 and 5), to which the blades 4 abut their ends. The movable disk 3 can be made separately or together with a screw feeder 15 (Fig. 4) and, accordingly, has an independent or common drive with a feeder.

The described disk extruder, works as follows. The processed thermoplastic from the hopper 11 is fed to the periphery of the movable disk 3 either directly from the bunker AND (Fig. 1), or via a worm feeder 15 (Fig. 4), the thermoplastic is captured by the paddles 4 and through channels Ж moves to the partitions 6. When the movement of the thermoplastic through the channels W occurs melting due to the energy supplied from the heating element 12, dissipation of the mechanical drive eergy and heat from the friction of the thermoplastic on the working surfaces 8 and 9.

The baffles 6 prevent the unmelted material from entering the zone K, where the material is only in the molten state. By adjusting the clearance I, the desired degree of dispersion is achieved. To intensify the dispersion process, there is a wedge gap formed by the inclined face 10 of the partition 6 and the working surface 8 of the fixed disk 2. In addition, the inclined face 10 prevents the formation of a stagnant zone near the partition 6. The melt of the thermoplast entering the zone 5 is additionally homogenized and enters the forming nozzle tool 13.

The required material processing rate is provided by adjusting the working gap L.

When the material is fed into the working gap L over the entire periphery of the movable disk 3, at the periphery between the disks, a stagnant zone may be formed in which it can undergo thermal destruction. To avoid this, the blades 4 are made protruding beyond the edge of the movable disk 3, thereby completely covering the stagnant zone, seizing the incoming material and moving it into the G channels.

The number of blades 4 mounted on the movable disk 3 is selected depending on the properties of the processed thermoplastic.

Claims (4)

1. A disk extruder for processing polymeric materials, comprising a housing, a fixed disk with a fixed one forming a nozzle, a movable disk with blades interacting with the working surface of the fixed disk and forming channels with both disks for movement of the polymer gap, differing By the fact that, in order to improve the dispersion and homogenization of the melt and prevent the molten polymer from falling into the forming tool, each channel is provided with a partition mounted on the movable disk, which forms a gap for the melt of the polymer to the working surface of the fixed disk. 2. A disk extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that the partitions in the channels are formed by a single ring, with which the ends of the disc dies interact. 3. Disk extruder on PP. 1 and 2, characterized in that, in order to prevent the formation of a stagnant zone, the partition made with an inclined front face, forming a wedge gap with the working surface of the fixed disk. 4. The disk extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to prevent the formation of a stagnant zone in the non-periphery of the disks; the blades are made protruding beyond the edge of the movable disk. 5-5 FIG. 2