SU51713A1 - Device for shooting cross profiles - Google Patents

Description

Until now, the methods of shooting cross-section profiles on the railway survey of the second track are extremely labor-intensive. Shooting widths with a theodolite, although it reduces the amount of labor, but it takes a lot of time to install the tool on each cross section, does not allow, in view of the large increase in the pipe, to take close points and does not have much use because of the inconvenience of work.

The proposed device aims to reduce the amount of manpower when shooting transverse profiles and speed up work without reducing the quality and accuracy required. To this end, the instrument bar is equipped with a pair of diopters and two eclimeters. The latter can move along the rod and are provided with circular levels.

In FIG. 1 and 2 schematically depict a general view of the device in two projections; FIG. 3 and 4, the filming of cross-sectional photography is removed; FIG. 5 depicts a graph of the values of F, P)

The proposed device consists of a ruler A (Fig. 1, 2) with diopters, located usually, as in an ekker, and two eclimeters B, turned on

90 ° v. Normal position. The eclimeters B are placed one below the other on the rod I, perpendicular to the ruler L (Fig. 2). Vertical circles C eclimeters are equipped with clamping D and micrometre E screws. Noniuses have a two-minute accuracy. On the side opposite to the vertical circle, the lines of eclimeters are provided with circular levels. The lower ruler can be at a distance of 0.9 m to 0.5 m, depending on the width of the diameters removed.

For shooting, the instrument is used as follows. The instrument is positioned along the collimation plane of the upper ruler, and the lateral rulers make readings in vertical circles, sighting at the characteristic points of the diameter. In this case, it is possible to do with only one technician, having, as a last resort, one worker to secure the cross section (driving the pegs and holding the peg in places of the cross section not distinguished from the general background of the terrain).

Having measurements of angles a and (fig. 3), calculate the horizontal distance / and the excess / g according to the formulas: (Y, 3, a) cos a, / g / (t, p, rt) sina.

The value of the function, a), total / and fi, is found according to a specially constructed graphic (Fig. 5) or according to the tables. The cover plate widths are produced as explained in fig. four.

If necessary, calculate the marks of all points of the diameter, the mark of the stand and the value of b, get the mark of the axis of the upper vertical circle, and hence all the rest. From the graph / - (y, | 3, and 0.9 m) in FIG. 5 you can see that at a distance x of about 5 (Y from 5 to 10 °) angles can be taken with an accuracy of half a degree, with a distance of x 20 m they can be counted with an accuracy of 10, and for large distances x it should be done on the nonius. The graph is given only to characterize the accuracy of the work, since for production purposes it must be built on a logarithmic grid with straight lines for the values of F.

The device can be hung to the edge of the lightweight tablet with a counterweight device on the other.

edge of the tablet. In this version of the device, the nonius has one-minute accuracy (which makes sense only when installed with three screws).

The presence of a tablet allows, if desired, overlapping widths in the field, but with greater accuracy, this option is more expensive and cumbersome than a portable and quickly installed main unit.

The proposed device is mainly designed for shooting diameters on existing railways, but it can also be used in other jobs when shooting non-long diameters.

The subject matter of the invention.

A device for shooting transverse profiles, characterized in that the instrument bar, provided with a pair of diopters, has two eclimeters able to move along it, provided with circular levels.

copyright certificate V. A. Baskakov

No. 51713

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