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SU451229A3 - Method of making blanks for bearing shells - Google Patents

Method of making blanks for bearing shells

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Publication number
SU451229A3
SU451229A3 SU1370067A SU1370067A SU451229A3 SU 451229 A3 SU451229 A3 SU 451229A3 SU 1370067 A SU1370067 A SU 1370067A SU 1370067 A SU1370067 A SU 1370067A SU 451229 A3 SU451229 A3 SU 451229A3
Authority
SU
USSR - Soviet Union
Prior art keywords
layer
aluminum
particles
auxiliary
working phase
Prior art date
Application number
SU1370067A
Other languages
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Роберт Джозеф Федор
Вальтер Ойджен Смит
Original Assignee
Клейвайт Корпорейшн (Фирма)
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Filing date
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Application filed by Клейвайт Корпорейшн (Фирма) filed Critical Клейвайт Корпорейшн (Фирма)
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of SU451229A3 publication Critical patent/SU451229A3/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/12Structural composition; Use of special materials or surface treatments, e.g. for rust-proofing
    • F16C33/122Multilayer structures of sleeves, washers or liners
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/002Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/06Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
    • B22F7/08Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416Aluminium-based alloys
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/14Special methods of manufacture; Running-in
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2204/00Metallic materials; Alloys
    • F16C2204/20Alloys based on aluminium
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00Shaping
    • F16C2220/20Shaping by sintering pulverised material, e.g. powder metallurgy
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2220/00Shaping
    • F16C2220/80Shaping by separating parts, e.g. by severing, cracking
    • F16C2220/82Shaping by separating parts, e.g. by severing, cracking by cutting
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2223/00Surface treatments; Hardening; Coating
    • F16C2223/30Coating surfaces
    • F16C2223/32Coating surfaces by attaching pre-existing layers, e.g. resin sheets or foils by adhesion to a substrate; Laminating

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Nonferrous Metals Or Alloys (AREA)

Description

1one

Изобретение относитс  к изготовлению заготовок дл  вкладышей подшипников.The invention relates to the manufacture of blanks for bearing shells.

Известен способ изготовлени  заготовки дл  вкладышей подшипников, состо щей из стальной основы, промежуточного сло  из алюмини  и поверхностного сло  из алюминиевого антифрикционного сло . Заготовку получают совместной прокаткой отливок из чистого алюмини  и алюминиевого антифрикционного сплава с последуюш,ей прокаткой полученной биметаллической полосы со стальной лентой.A known method of manufacturing a blank for bearing shells consists of a steel base, an intermediate layer of aluminum and a surface layer of aluminum antifriction layer. The billet is produced by rolling together castings from pure aluminum and an aluminum antifriction alloy, followed by rolling the resulting bimetallic strip with a steel tape.

Целью изобретени   вл етс  равномерное распределение рабочей фазы в частицах алюмини  поверхностного антифрикционного сло  и предохранение его от потерь рабочей фазы в процессе прокатки.The aim of the invention is to uniformly distribute the working phase in the aluminum particles of the surface antifriction layer and protect it from loss of the working phase during the rolling process.

Иредлагаемый способ отличаетс  от известного тем, что смесь на основе алюмини  с возможными добавками кадми , висмута и сурьмы расплавл ют и распыл ют в порошок , который подвергают прокатке совместно с порошками вспомогательного и промежуточного слоев, причем слой из распыленных порошков располагают между вспомогательным и промежуточным сло ми, а затем полученную трехслойную ленту спекают, накатывают на стальную основу, и вспомогательный слой удал ют .The proposed method differs from the well-known fact that the mixture based on aluminum with possible additions of cadmium, bismuth and antimony is melted and sprayed into a powder, which is rolled together with the powders of the auxiliary and intermediate layers, and a layer of spray powders is placed between the auxiliary and intermediate layers mi, and then the resulting three layer tape is sintered, rolled onto a steel substrate, and the auxiliary layer is removed.

22

Частицы поверхностного антифрикционного сло  представл ют собой распыленный порошок , в котором рабоча  фаза занимает положение внутри частиц алюмини , в результате чего исключаетс  перемещение рабочей фазы между алюминиевыми частицами. Рабоча  фаза состоит из свинца, олова, кадми  и других металлов. Дл  образовани  прочной св зи поверхностного сло  со стальной лентой,  вл ющейс  несущей основой, используют промежуточный слой, который выполн ют из чистого алюмини  или из сплава на основе алюмини . Промежуточный слой  вл етс  металлургическиThe particles of the surface antifriction layer are a sprayed powder in which the working phase occupies a position inside the aluminum particles, as a result of which the movement of the working phase between the aluminum particles is prevented. The working phase consists of lead, tin, cadmium and other metals. To form a strong bond between the surface layer and the steel tape, which is the carrier base, an intermediate layer is used, which is made of pure aluminum or an aluminum-based alloy. The intermediate layer is metallurgically

совместимым со стальной подложкой, а следовательно , образует с ней прочное сцепление. Частицы промежуточного сло  образуют с распыленными частицами поверхностного сло  переходную зону, привод щую к нрочной св зи между этими сло ми.compatible with the steel substrate, and therefore forms a strong bond with it. The particles of the intermediate layer form a transition zone with the sprayed particles of the surface layer, leading to a short-term bond between these layers.

Вспомогательный слой служит дл  предохранени  поверхностного сло  от потерь распыленного порошка и состоит из алюмини  и добавок, например, свинца, кадми .The auxiliary layer serves to protect the surface layer from the loss of the sprayed powder and consists of aluminum and additives, for example, lead, cadmium.

Дл  получени  поверхностного антифрикционного сло  смесь металлов с преимущественным содержанием алюмини  и с навеской, содержащей свинец, олово и кадмий или другойTo obtain a surface antifriction layer, a mixture of metals with a predominant aluminum content and with a sample containing lead, tin and cadmium or other

материал рабочей фазы, нагревают до плавлени  и распыл ют в порошок, который затем подвергают прокатке одновременно с порошками вспомогательного и промел уточного слоев , причем слой из распыленных порошков раснолагают между вспомогательным и промежуточным сло ми. Полученную трехслойную ленту подвергают спеканию, прокатывают совместно со стальной основой, а затем удал ют вспомогательный слой.The material of the working phase is heated to melt and sprayed into powder, which is then rolled simultaneously with the powders of the auxiliary and grinded layers, and the layer of the sprayed powders is laid between the auxiliary and intermediate layers. The obtained three-layer tape is sintered, rolled together with a steel base, and then the auxiliary layer is removed.

На чертеже изображена схема осушествлени  предлагаемого способа.The drawing shows the scheme of the proposed method.

Сырье 1 в виде слитков или порошка, представл юшее собой смесь компонентов сплава поверхностного антифрикционного сло , помещают в тигель 2, нагревают и сильно перемешивают в течение нескольких минут при 980- 1040°С дл  расплавлени  отдельных компонентов и получени  однородной жидкой фазы. Тигель 2 снабжен отверстием 3 дл  выпуска расплава под давлением непрерывной струей 4, на которую направл ют воду или воздух при комнатной температуре дл  распылени  расплава с одновременным затвердеванием нолучаюш,ихс  частиц 5, которые собирают в сборнике 6. Кажда  из получаемых частиц 5 порошка состоит преимущественно из алюмини  и включает рабочую фазу, равномерно распределенную в каждой частице алюминиевой основы. Кажда  распыленна  частица алюминиевой основы имеет удлиненную форму в направлении прокатки, а рабоча  фаза (хот  она тонко и равномерно распределена в каждой частице) лишь слегка выт нута.Raw material 1 in the form of ingots or powder, which is a mixture of alloy components of the surface antifriction layer, is placed in crucible 2, heated and vigorously stirred for several minutes at 980-1040 ° C to melt the individual components and obtain a homogeneous liquid phase. The crucible 2 is provided with a hole 3 for the release of the melt under pressure with a continuous jet 4, to which water or air is directed at room temperature to spray the melt with simultaneous solidification of the particles 5, which are collected in the collector 6. Each of the resulting particles 5 of the powder consists mainly aluminum and includes a working phase, evenly distributed in each particle of the aluminum base. Each sprayed particle of the aluminum base has an elongated shape in the direction of rolling, and the working phase (although it is fine and evenly distributed in each particle) is only slightly elongated.

Кажда  частица распыленного алюминиевого порошка основы имеет длину 100 мкм, а ширину и толщину 40 мкм. Среднее рассто ние между частицами рабочей фазы в отдельныхEach particle of powdered aluminum base powder has a length of 100 microns and a width and thickness of 40 microns. The average distance between the particles of the working phase in individual

частицах составл ет около 5 мкм.particles is about 5 microns.

Распыленные частицы сушат и подают в центральное отверстие бункера 7. В левую часть бункера помещают частицы порошка алюминиевого сплава 8 дл  образовани  промежуточного сло , а в правую часть относительно сло  9 - норошок алюминиевого сплава 10 дл  образовани  вспомогательного сло . Частицы промежуточного сло  состо т из материала , свободного от рабочей фазы, дл  исключени  налипани  на валок порошка сло  9. Составы промежуточного и вспомогательного слоев выбирают так, чтобы исключить налипание на валки и получить низкий или одинаковый коэффициент трени  с валками 11, необходимый дл  обеспечени  одинаковой скорости подачи порошка между валками.The sprayed particles are dried and fed into the central opening of the bunker 7. Powder particles of aluminum alloy 8 are placed in the left part of the bunker to form an intermediate layer, and in the right part relative to layer 9 - the mouth of aluminum alloy 10 to form an auxiliary layer. The particles of the intermediate layer consist of a material free from the working phase in order to prevent the layer 9 from sticking to the powder roll. The compositions of the intermediate and auxiliary layers are chosen so as to eliminate the sticking of the rollers and to obtain a low or equal coefficient of friction with the rollers 11 necessary to ensure the same powder feed speed between rolls.

Частицы промежуточного сло  в основном состо т из чистого алюмини . Однако они могут содержать навеску, содержащую материалы , отличающиес  от материала рабочей фазы . Эти частицы могут быть как в виде элементов , так и в виде сплавов. Частицы вспомогательного сло  преимущественно состо тThe particles of the intermediate layer are mainly composed of pure aluminum. However, they may contain a batch containing materials different from the material of the working phase. These particles can be either in the form of elements or in the form of alloys. The auxiliary layer particles are preferably composed of

из алюмини  с навеской, состо щей из смеси примесей и материала рабочей фазы в элементарном виде или в виде сплава.from aluminum with a weight consisting of a mixture of impurities and material of the working phase in elementary form or in the form of an alloy.

В таблице приведены составы трех слоев (ввес. %).The table shows the composition of the three layers (weight.%).

Порошки указанных трех слоев подвергают совместной прокатке в валках 11, а затем полученную трехслойную ленту спекают в три стадии в печи дл  обжига 12. Первоначальную выдержку в печи осуществл ют в течение двух часов при температуре 200°С дл  удалени  газов, а затем температуру повышают до 315-600°С дл  спекани  трехслойной ленты.The powders of these three layers are co-rolled in rollers 11, and then the three-layer tape obtained is sintered in three stages in a kiln 12. Initially, the furnace is held for two hours at 200 ° C to remove gases, and then the temperature is raised to 315-600 ° C for sintering a three-layer tape.

Спеченный материал пропускают через валки 13 совместно со стальной лентой 14, а затем полученное изделие подвергают отпуску в течение примерно 30 мин в печи 15 при 315-400°С. Из полученных полос изготовл ют подщипники обычной конструкции. Дл  того чтобы обнажить поверхностный антифрикционный слой подшипника, его просверливают обычным способом до необходимыхThe sintered material is passed through the rolls 13 together with the steel tape 14, and then the resulting product is subjected to tempering for about 30 minutes in an oven 15 at 315-400 ° C. From the obtained strips, sub-bearings of conventional construction are made. In order to expose the surface antifriction layer of the bearing, it is drilled in the usual way to the necessary

35 размеров, пока не будет удален вспомогательный слой. Удаление вспо.могательного сло  может осуществл тьс  до получени  подшипника .35 sizes until the auxiliary layer is removed. Removal of the auxiliary layer can be carried out before the bearing is obtained.

Предмет изобретени Subject invention

Способ изготовлени  заготовки дл  вкладышей подшипников, включающий совместную прокатку антифрикционного и промежуточного слоев на основе алюмини  и последующее соединепие полученной ленты со стальной основой , отличающийс  тем, что, с целью обеспечени  равномерного распределени  рабочей фазы в частицах алюмини  антифрикционного сло  и предохранени  последнего от потерь рабочей фазы в процессе прокатки,A method of manufacturing blanks for bearing shells, including co-rolling antifriction and intermediate layers based on aluminum and then joining the resulting tape to a steel base, characterized in that in order to ensure uniform distribution of the working phase in the aluminum particles of the antifriction layer and to protect the latter from loss of the working phase in the process of rolling,

смесь на основе алюмини  с возможными добавками кадми , висмута и сурьмы расплавл ют и распыл ют в порошок, который подвергают прокатке совместно с порошками вспомогательного и промежуточного слоев,an aluminum-based mixture with possible additions of cadmium, bismuth and antimony is melted and sprayed into a powder that is rolled together with auxiliary and intermediate layer powders,

причем слой из распыленных порошков располагают между вспомогательным и промежуточным сло ми, а затем полученную трехслойную ленту спекают, накатывают на стальную основу и вспомогательный слой удал ют.wherein a layer of sprayed powders is placed between the auxiliary and intermediate layers, and then the obtained three-layer tape is sintered, rolled onto a steel base and the auxiliary layer is removed.

SU1370067A 1968-02-12 1969-02-12 Method of making blanks for bearing shells SU451229A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70467868A 1968-02-12 1968-02-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
SU451229A3 true SU451229A3 (en) 1974-11-25

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SU1370067A SU451229A3 (en) 1968-02-12 1969-02-12 Method of making blanks for bearing shells

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JP (1) JPS4945445B1 (en)
BE (1) BE728299A (en)
CA (1) CA945602A (en)
DE (1) DE1775322C2 (en)
ES (1) ES356083A1 (en)
FR (1) FR1588346A (en)
GB (1) GB1222262A (en)
NL (1) NL168733C (en)
SE (1) SE349642B (en)
SU (1) SU451229A3 (en)
YU (1) YU34159B (en)

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BE728299A (en) 1969-07-16
SE349642B (en) 1972-10-02
NL168733C (en) 1982-05-17
YU34159B (en) 1978-12-31
NL6808320A (en) 1969-08-14
ES356083A1 (en) 1969-12-16
FR1588346A (en) 1970-04-10
YU32069A (en) 1978-05-15
DE1775322C2 (en) 1982-06-09
JPS4945445B1 (en) 1974-12-04
CA945602A (en) 1974-04-16
DE1775322A1 (en) 1971-05-27
GB1222262A (en) 1971-02-10
NL168733B (en) 1981-12-16

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