SU444374A1 - Lubricant for cold forming - Google Patents

Description

(54) GREASE FOR COLD METAL TREATMENT

PRESSURE

one

Nowadays, cold working of metals under pressure. Various lubricants are used, for example, water-based lubricant with the addition of polymers and acrylamide copolymer. However, the known lubricants possess insufficiently good lubricating, protective properties, and are difficult to remove from the surface of the metal. After processing.

In order to improve lubricating, protective properties, (a lubricant is proposed, consisting of 80-20. Weight. Of water-soluble surface, a mixture of active substances, 20-80 parts of synthetic resin, fepol, alkyd or phenol-alkyd, and 1-50 parts by weight based on soluble lubricant, in water or emulsion oil.

The proposed dry lubricant. Is up to: very good lubricating properties with complex pressure treatment, has corrosion resistance and is easily removed from the surface.

In addition, the use of known lubricants requires a long time for drying, the use of the proposed lubricant can ensure the implementation of such treatment processes in a relatively short time.

Conventional metalworking lubricant can be effective, as shown by laboratory testing, when processing at a speed of 100 mm / min, but if the processing speed exceeds 10 m / min, the lubricating properties of the lubricant will deteriorate with increasing processing.

The lubricant offered provides high

see acrid properties at high stamping speeds like 10-20 m / min and higher.

In the composition of the lubricant as a water-soluble surfactant. The following compounds can be used.

1. Anionic water-soluble surfactant: sodium, potassium or

ammonium salts of aliphatic carboxylic acid with a carbon number of 8-22, salts of unsaturated aliphatic acids, for example sodium or potassium soap, oleic acid, castor oil soap, sodium beef soap, soy oil soap.

2. Cationic substance: salts of amines of the aliphatic series, for example acetamine (acetamine lauric acid).

3. Non-ionic substance: lolyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene sorbitan alkyl ether. Particularly preferred anionic water-soluble surfactants are salts of saturated aliphatic acid, e.g. capricO2, lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, and unsaturated aliphatic acid, oleic, linoleic, linolenic and ricinoleic. As a water-soluble oil, widespread emulsions can be used on ocHOiBe water-soluble oils, especially emulsion oil for lubricating and cooling cutting tools. Oily contains,, weight. h: Water-soluble surfactant 80-20 Water-soluble synthetic resin 20-80 and water-soluble or water-based oil in an amount of 1-50 wt. h based on the lubricant. The content of water-soluble surface-active substance, more than 80 weight. hours causes a deterioration in the ability to adhere to sheet steel. If the amount of water-soluble synthetic resin exceeds 80 wt. h, the resulting mixture becomes viscous, the sticking resistance deteriorates. If the amount of additive water-soluble oil is less than 1 weight. h, then there is no any EF1F6KT. On the contrary, if the specified amount exceeds 50 weight. h, it is not possible to achieve a uniform composition. To obtain optimal results, the ratio of the parts of the components of the smaeka should be as follows h. Water-soluble surface-a-tive substance 30-70 Water-soluble synthetic resin30-70 Water-soluble oil5-40. This composition is dissolved to obtain an aqueous emulsion in an amount of 5 to 60 wt. % A small amount (in water it increases in solution mortar and therefore it is difficult to obtain a uniform coating. If water is added too much, the solution dries slowly and it is very difficult to obtain a film of adequate thickness. It is necessary to apply 10 g / 1m of lubricant with a residual moisture to the surface no more than 5% carry out hot blasting at 150 ° C and a speed of 5 m / s for 35 seconds for a sheet 0.8 mm thick and more than 60 seconds for a sheet 3.2 mm thick. For example, at a linear speed 60 m / min. Zone required, length from There can be great difficulties in the manufacture of such equipment, but if this equipment can be manufactured, then many difficulties arise when transporting the sheet.To eliminate this, the drying temperature with hot blast should increase. At a temperature above 200 ° C on the surface metal bubbles are formed, and the properties of the film of lubricant (physical and chemical) are noticeably deteriorated. The drying conditions are the same for the metal pipe and the metal wire. In the proposed method, before applying a dry smear, the surface of the metal sheet or strip is degreased and then preheated to about 80-100 ° C. Preheating is achieved by blowing steam at high pressure (on the order of 2-15 kg / cm) of the surface of the sheet or by immersing the sheet in hot water (temperature above 90 ° C). The preheated steel sheet is coated with a lubricant according to the invention, and a spray method using air or an airless method is used to apply the lubricant. The lubricant temperature must be from room (25 ° C) to 50 ° C, but depending on the circumstances, the lubricant may reach up to 90 ° C. Although the proposed lubricant can be applied to any sheet steel, it is best to apply the lubricant to a sheet with a thickness of less than 3.2 mm. These steel sheets can be coated with a 25-60% lubricant solution with a corresponding process with a linear speed below SOM / min. Such grease is applied to the metal surface in an amount of about 1 to 30 g / m2 on a dry basis. In the event of a hot blast, a temperature of 100–200 ° C and an air supply rate of 2–20 m / s are used. In any case, the residual moisture in the lubricant film should be less than 10%, preferably less than 5%. If a water-soluble synthetic resin containing an amine group cannot be used, approximately 0.05-5% of an amine-type corrosion inhibitor is added to the lubricant. Example 1. 18.6 wt. including sodium soap, beef fat, 18.6 wt. including water-soluble phenol-alkyd resin and 6.9 wt. including oil, soluble in water, dissolved in 55.9 weight. h. hot water at. A water-soluble phenol-alkyd resin with a viscosity of 4.10 pz (reddish) and a water-soluble oil, which is a solid emulsion oil used for cutting, on a base (hydrocarbon density (density 0.93, non-volatile matter 93% Kovda specified lubricant is applied to the previously cleaned and ogreated surface of a sheet of cold rolled steel (workpiece diameter 460 mm and thickness 0.8 M1 m) and dried at 120 ° C, of a well-dried film, which has the ability to resist slippery The test was carried out on a steel sheet coated with the indicated smouka by deep-drawing with a flat bottom surface (punch: 00 m; m in diameter 5 R, stamp: 203 mm in diameter R 10 R.). After crimping, the outer diameter is measured, This indicates that the lubricant has a good lubricating capacity for deep-drawing, Table 1 shows the results of a lubricating test for deep-drawing with a flat bottom surface, which was used in Example 1. Table 1 Note. In all experiments, 18.6 wt. including sodium soap and beef fat and 18.6 wt. including fanalkyl resin. For comparison, it can be said that when using high quality stamping oil B, having its viscosity 660, which is applied to the surface of the sheet, the outer diameter after pressing is 440 mm. On the contrary, when applying the proposed lubricants 1-4 on the surface of the sheet, the outer diameter after compression is 405-411 mm. From tab. 1, it can be seen that the additive of a water-soluble oil is rather effective in reducing the n:: roll; diameter after the test sheet has been compressed. This is especially noticeable when about 30% weight is added. % oil, soluble in water. Example 2. 20 wt. including sodium soap beef fat, 20 wt. including water-soluble phenolic resin resin and 12.9 wt. including water-soluble oil is dissolved in 60 wt. h. hot water. Similarly to example 1, this solution is nanoTable 2 Limit drag coefficient for lubricants

Note. Film of dry solid lubricant B - fatty acid salt; Stamping oil A - engine oil with a viscosity of 120; shtampovochnaya oil B - engine oil with a viscosity of 660. with t on the surface of cold-rolled steel sheet (workpiece diameter 480, thickness 0.8 mm). The conditions of the strams: landing with a flat bottom surface with a diameter of 200 mm65

Potassium hemihydrogenated soap.360 beef tallow 405

Potassium .my.cho oleic acid 380

Polyoxyethylene lauric alcohol 405

Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate

410

Sorbitan Trioleate 410

Acetamine Lauric Acid

Sodium salt of oleic acid 400 lots

400

Stamping oil type B

60 and punching speed of 18 m / min. The results of the study showed that the outer diameter after reduction is 360-390 mm, while using conventional solid lubricant, the diameter is 440-445 mm. In tab. Figure 2 shows the results of applying the proposed and known lubricants when applied to the flat bottom surface of the steel SPC-3 and SPC-1 (according to the Japanese industrial standard) at a processing speed of 18 m / min. From the data table. 2 it follows that the limiting drag coefficient of the lubricant proposed is greater than that of the known ones. Obviously, this lubricant has an advantage over conventional lubricant used in deep drawing. Example 3. 16 wt. including sodium soap beef lard, 24 wt. including water-soluble phenol-alkyd resin and 10 wt. including water soluble oil dissolved. As in Example 2, this solution was applied to the surface of cold-rolled steel sheet (SPC-3 steel grade, workpiece diameter 480 mm and thickness 0.8 mm). Perform the same test. The results show that the diameter of the roll reduction is 370-380 mm and that using stamping oil B has a diameter of 440- 445 mm, when using a type B dry solid lubricant, it is 435-440 mm and a solid dry lubricant Tina A 445-455 mm. Example 4. 30 wt. including each of the types of soap, which are listed in the table. 3, mixed with 15 wt. h. phenoalkidny resin and 5 wt. including water soluble oil. In tab. Figure 3 shows the results of testing a lubricant in a deep draw, a lubricant dissolved in 50 wt. warm water is applied to the surface of a sheet of cold rolled steel that is in contact with the surface of the die, in the same manner as in Example 1, and then dried. Table 3 Outer Soap diameter after crimping, m. Example 5. A water-soluble synthetic resin (phenolic or alkyd) is added to 25 wt. including sodium soap on a semi-table 4 hydriroed in living fat and 7.0 wt. h. w00) solution: oil of Rome. The outer diameter after crimping with phenol and alkyd resins is respectively 395 and 392 mm. Example 6. Like 1 example 2 12.9 weight. h. each water-soluble oil used in the machining process (see Table 4) is added to 20 wt. including sodium soap and beef lard and for 20 sec. including phenol kidney resin. In tab. 4 presents the results of testing at 10 15 20 with deep drawing, when using jj j lubricant dissolved in 50 wt. Warm. Subject of the invention 1. Smaek for cold metal forming, characterized in that, in order to increase the lubricating, protective properties of the lubricant and the quality of the surface to be treated, the composition of the smeak includes weight. h: Water-soluble surface-active substance iCTiBO80-20 Synthetic resin phenolic, alkyd or phenolic acid 20-80 and water-soluble or aqueous emulsion oil in an amount of 1-50 weight. hours based on the lubricant. 2. Lubricant by n. 1, characterized in that anionic, cationic and / or non-ionic substances are used as a water-soluble surfactant (VA.