SU434906A1 - SEEDING DEVICES ^ ::: - u ^^ iC - Google Patents

Description

one

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to sowing machines.

Sowing machines for single-grain metering of calibrated corn seeds with precise sowing are known, including a housing with a bottom, a rotating horizontal sowing disk with cells along its periphery located above the bottom.

These apparatuses are equipped with reflector seeds and pushers of seeds from cells.

During operation of the known apparatus, in the zone of entry of empty cells of the sowing disc under the seed column in the housing, in a small area of the zone of contact of the cells with the seeds, a vertical movement of seeds to the cells of the disc is created. In the zone of vertical seed movement, the seed disc has the most favorable conditions for tilting flat seed into cells due to the relatively free placement of seeds. Outside this region, a layer of horizontally oriented seeds is formed above the disk. Part of the cells of the disk does not have time to fill with seeds at the entrance of the cells under the column of seeds, and the cells enter empty under the boundary layer of horizontally oriented seeds. Seeds from this layer do not spontaneously enter the cells, since they need to be tilted by 90 °, i.e., they must move from a horizontal position to a vertical one, which is prevented by the higher lying layers of seeds. The appearance of empty cells in the seed supply area from the cells of the sowing disc into the opener channel results in gaps in rows when sowing, which is a significant drawback.

In order to ensure reliable single-grain filling of each cell in the proposed sowing apparatus, the sowing disc is made in two stages with the formation between the body of the apparatus and the upper step of a disc whose diameter is less than the diameter of the lower step, a channel for orientation of seeds, equal to the width and height n, above which is an additional reflector seeds from the channel. FIG. Figure 1 shows the proposed seeding apparatus for single grain dosing of calibrated corn seeds in two projections; in fig. 2 is a view along arrow B in FIG. one.

The metering unit consists of a removable

a hopper 1 with a guide funnel, a removable body 2 fixed to the bottom 3 or made together with the bottom mounted in the case of a horizontal sowing disc made detachable and consisting of a replaceable cellular crown 4 with peripheral cells evenly spaced circumferentially the vertical plane (the length of the cell corresponding to the length of the grain is oriented in the direction of the linear velocity of the cell, and the width of the cell corresponding to the width of the seed is oriented vertically Kali).

In addition, the apparatus includes a cluster 5 and a ring 6, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the crown, interconnected by a tongue 7, a drive vertical shaft 8 with a tongue 9, a radial reflector 10 seeds, wedge-shaped in horizontal section and installed in the channel for orientation a seed formed between the body of the apparatus and the ring 6, an additional vertical reflector 11 of the seed with a spring 12, mounted on the hinge 13 above the channel, an ejector 14 of the seeds from the cells with the spring 15, located on the shaft 16 in the seed feeding zone from the cells of the sowing disk in the channel of the opener joint.

The channel for seed orientation in the longitudinal vertical plane has a width equal to the thickness and a height equal to the width of the seeds.

On the upper working surface of the cellular crown 4, in front of each cell, there is an inclined plane I for dropping the grain into the cell. The elevator works as follows.

The rotation of the drive shaft 8 is transmitted by the pin 9 to the cone 5, and from it by the pin 7 to the cellular crown 4 and the ring 6.

When the sowing disk rotates in the direction K, the seeds come from the hopper I through the guide cone to the cone 5 and move along its surface in the direction M to the channel for orientation of the seeds. From the seeds that are above the sowing

the disk, a part of the seeds is tilted into the channel in the N direction and under the influence of the layers lying above are oriented in the longitudinal-vertical plane, i.e. the length of the seeds is directed longitudinally in the channel.

When an empty cell enters the filling zone, the sem from the channel along an inclined plane I goes into the cell. When the cell approaches the seed feeding zone from the cells in the openings channel, the seeds above the channel are reflected from the dropping by the vertical reflector 11 in the direction O, and the seeds that are in the channel are reflected by the radial reflector 10 in the direction P. After that the cell with the grain coming to the outflow window, the ejector tooth 14 enters the cell, and the grain is fed through the window in direction Q into the openings channel. The debris seeds, reflected from the calibrating channel by the radial reflector 10, are returned to the zone of cell filling along the annular channel or by a known device, for example by a screw, lifted into the bunker.

Subject invention

A sowing machine, including a housing with a bottom, a horizontal sowing disk with cells located in it and a reflector of seeds placed above it and a seed ejector from cells, characterized in that, in order to ensure reliable single-grain filling,

A disc seeding disk is made in two stages, forming a channel between the body of the apparatus and the upper stage, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the lower stage, a channel for orientation of seeds, a width equal to the thickness, and a height equal to the width of the seeds, above which an additional reflector is installed.

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