SU43428A1 - Propeller steam or gas turbine - Google Patents

Description

In order to reduce the weight of the entire turbine, reduce the number of blades and friction of steam or gas about them, causing energy losses, all screw channels of the proposed screw steam or gas turbine are adjacent to the forward channel, behind which there is a crown with blades.

In FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a helical steam or gas turbine; FIG. 2-part cross section of the rotor; FIG. 3 is a side view of the rotor with a crown with shoulder blades; FIG. 4 side view of the rotor.

Steam is discharged through the 7 Laval nozzle into the rotor /, provided at the periphery with screw channels 3 of trapezoidal section, having a small juar. All screw channels 3 are inserted into the straight annular channel 4. The rotor channels 3 are surrounded by an annular rim 5 located behind the direct channel 4 and provided with blades 6.

Thanks to the crown 5 between it. And the rotor / formed screw channels 5 ,. the cross section of which gradually increases as it approaches channel 4. The steam passes through nozzle 7, converts all of its energy into kinetic energy of the jet movement and, having picked up the maximum speed, enters the screw channels 3 due to the oblique installation of the nozzle channels 3 its speed decreases (72)

the friction force creates the torque of the turbine. At the same time, the friction is so great that until the steam reaches channel 4, its speed will decrease several times; therefore, it is necessary to gradually increase the cross section of the channels 3 in order to avoid the formation of steam plugs.

To fully utilize the energy of steam, the steam from channel 4 directly enters the blades 6, where it reverses the direction of movement and is pulled out into the turbine casing, with an absolute speed slightly higher than zero. The absolute speed of steam as it passes through the turbine gradually decreases from the maximum speed of steam when entering the rotor 1 to the minimum speed when leaving the turbine rotor with steam.

In order to obtain the maximum power of the turbine, the condition must be met that when passing through the screw channels near the nozzle, the channels will have time to fill with steam along the entire length; only then, with a minimum expenditure of material on the structure, can the greatest circumferential force of maximum friction be obtained for the same turbine peripheral speed.

In the proposed turbine there are no friction losses in the blades, since there are no friction loops, but there are screw channels in which friction plays a positive role.

The subject matter of the invention.

Propeller steam or gas turbine, characterized in that

 2 -

channel 4, in which all screw channels are inserted, there is a crown with shoulder blades 6.

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